PAU LOGSE 3 Practice exams for Cantabria

OXFORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS

Contents Test 1..3 Test 2..4 Test 3..5 Answer key6-7

Tests written in accordance with the 2006 PAU L !"# e$a% 2

Test 1 BRIDGING T E GENERATION GAP &o'( Ti))er 'sed to *e a %iner and then he worked in the cera%ics ind'stry. +ow, he is retired and in his second year as a -o.'nteer %entor with chi.dren. /is work with the 0eth 1ohnson 2o'ndation, he says, he.)s *'i.d *rid(es *etween the yo'n(er and o.der (enerations. The inter-(enerationa. acti-ities in-o.-in( o.der )eo).e and schoo. chi.dren are 3'st one o4 the )ro3ects r'n *y the 4o'ndation, which is a.so in-o.-ed in other co%%'nity ser-ices. 0oth the %entors and the st'dents in-o.-ed in the sche%e *ene4it 4ro% the contact *etween the%. 5hi.dren are -ery res)ect4'. and interested in what the o.der (enerations can teach the% a*o't the )ast, and the retired )eo).e (et a .ot o't o4 it too - &o'( has .earnt how to 'se a co%)'ter. -era.., there are %ore than 150 -o.'nteers workin( direct.y 4or the 4o'ndation on a ran(e o4 )ro3ects in-o.-in( )eo).e a(ed o-er 50. &o'(6s work is *ased on the *e.ie4 that i4 yo'n( and o.d (enerations are *ro'(ht to(ether in )ositi-e ways, then *arriers and %is'nderstandin(s *etween the% disa))ear. 7any o4 the -o.'nteers initia..y ha-e do'*ts a*o't whether they can %ake a 'se4'. contri*'tion. /owe-er, they soon 4ind that the chi.dren ha-e (ot the sa%e as)irations as they had as yo'n(sters and that they act'a..y ha-e a .ot in co%%on. 8n an a(e where too %any retired )eo).e 4ee. i(nored and 'nder-a.'ed, the 0eth 1ohnson 2o'ndation )ro-ides a %ode. 4or others to e%'.ate.

1! In"icate #$et$er t$e fo%%o#in& statements are tr'e or fa%se an" #rite "o#n #$ic$ (art of t$e text )'stifies *o'r ans#er! +, (ointsa9 The chi.dren &o'( works with don:t rea..y care a*o't o.d )eo).e. *9 As a res'.t o4 the sche%e, &o'( is now co%)'ter .iterate. c9 The o.d )eo).e 4ee. that they ha-e a di44erent %enta.ity to the yo'n(. d9 Aro'nd 4i4ty )eo).e are )artici)atin( in the sche%e. ,! Ans#er t$e fo%%o#in& .'estions in *o'r o#n #or"s! +, (ointsa9 ;hy is the 0eth 1ohnson 2o'ndation sche%e i%)ortant 4or retired )eo).e< *9 ;hat does &o'( *e.ie-e to *e the %ain reason 4or his work< 3! /in" #or"s or ($rases in t$e text t$at corres(on" to t$e #or"s an" "efinitions &i0en! +1!1 (ointsa9 A%*itions, drea%s. *9 Unite. c9 Una))reciated. 2! a9 *9 c9 Com(%ete t$e fo%%o#in& sentences #it$o't c$an&in& t$e meanin&! +1!1 (oints&o'( Ti))er 'sed to *e a %iner. &o'( Ti))er is no =o'n(er and o.der (enerations are *ro'(ht to(ether *y the 4o'ndation. The 4o'ndation The 4o'ndation has 4o'r %ain )ro3ects. 8t works with the .oca. co%%'nity. The 4o'ndation, which

1! 3rite a s$ort essa* +abo't 144 #or"s- on t$e fo%%o#in& to(ic5 - 8n what ways can yo'n( )eo).e and o.der )eo).e 'nderstand their needs and )ro*.e%s *etter<

Test , 6CDONALD7S5 6UC 6ORE T AN 8UST A6BURGERS

7c&ona.d6s, the wor.d6s *i((est 4ast 4ood co%)any, known 4or its 0i( 7ac ha%*'r(ers and 2rench 4ried )otatoes, has 'n-ei.ed ).ans to di-ersi4y its )rod'ct and %o-e into the hote. *'siness. The "wiss *ranch o4 the 7c&ona.d:s 5or)., which a.ready has 116 resta'rants, recent.y 'n-ei.ed ).ans to o)en two !o.den Arch /ote.s. A%enities at the 4o'r star hote.s, which are ai%ed at *'siness tra-e..ers d'rin( the week and 4a%i.ies at the weekend, wi.. inc.'de ad3'sta*.e *eds, hi(h-s)eed 8nternet access, a chi.d-care centre and so'nd)roo4 wa..s. The )rices are reasona*.e and, nat'ra..y, *oth the hote.s ha-e 7c&ona.d6s resta'rants. 8n the )ast, 7c&ona.d6s resta'rants were 4a%o's 4or ser-in( e$act.y the sa%e 4ood in e-ery resta'rant, and e-en ha-in( si%i.ar decor, *'t ti%es ha-e chan(ed. 8n recent years, s.owin( sa.es ha-e 4orced 7c&ona.d:s to search 4or ways to increase its *'siness witho't a44ectin( sa.es at its 23,000 ha%*'r(er resta'rants .ocated in 110 co'ntries. 8n the United "tates, so%e 7c&ona.d:s resta'rants ser-e 4resh.y *aked *isc'its or ha-e in-store ice-crea% )ar.o'rs. "o%e ha-e oak )ane..ed wa..s and crysta. chande.iers whi.st others o44er 4ree 8nternet access. #'ro)ean *ranches, .ike the co%)any:s resta'rant o)erators in the Unites "tates, can now %ake %en' additions or try no-e. ways to *'i.d their *'siness and draw c'sto%ers. 8n "wit>er.and 4or e$a%).e, 7c&ona.d6s 4ood is ser-ed on .oca. trains and aero).anes. /ea.th concerns re.ated to the cons'%)tion o4 %eat in recent years ha-e *een *ad news 4or the co%)any, and sa.es o4 ha%*'r(ers ha-e 4a..en shar).y. 7c&ona.d:s has res)onded to this *y de-e.o)in( other areas, s'ch as the o)enin( o4 40 Aroma Cafes, *ased in the United ?in(do%, which se.. co.d sandwiches and co44ee. 7c&ona.d6s, .ike %any other %'.tinationa.s, is disco-erin( that chan(e and i%a(ination are the key to s'r-i-a. and s'ccess. 1! In"icate #$et$er t$e fo%%o#in& statements are tr'e or fa%se an" #rite "o#n #$ic$ (art of t$e text )'stifies *o'r ans#er! +, (ointsa9 The 7c&ona.d:s hote.s are desi(ned to attract two di44erent ty)es o4 c'sto%er. *9 A.. 7c&ona.d:s resta'rants ha-e si%i.ar d@cor. c9 The co%)any:s di-ersi4ication strate(y is re.ated to the )ro*.e%s ca'sed *y eatin( %eat )rod'cts. d9 7c&ona.d:s 4ood can on.y *e 4o'nd on )'*.ic trans)ort in "wit>er.and. ,! Ans#er t$e fo%%o#in& .'estions in *o'r o#n #or"s! +, (ointsa9 /ow ha-e A%erican 7c&ona.d:s resta'rants chan(ed< *9 ;hat sort o4 )eo).e wi.. stay at the 7c&ona.d:s hote.s in "wit>er.and< 3! /in" #or"s or ($rases in t$e text t$at corres(on" to t$e #or"s an" "efinitions &i0en! +1!1 (ointsa9 8ntended 4or *9 Protected a(ainst noise c9 To attract 2! Com(%ete t$e fo%%o#in& sentences #it$o't c$an&in& t$e meanin&! +1!1 (ointsa9 8n the )ast 7c&ona.d:s was 4a%o's 4or ser-in( e$act.y the sa%e 4ood in e-ery resta'rant. 7c&ona.d:s 'sed to *9 "o%e 7c&ona.d:s ser-e 4resh.y *aked *isc'its. 2resh.y *aked *isc'its c9 7c&ona.d:s is the wor.d:s *i((est 4ast 4ood co%)any and it is known 4or its 0i( 7ac /a%*'r(ers and 2rench-4ried )otatoes. 7c&ona.d:s, which 1! 3rite a s$ort essa* +abo't 144 #or"s- on t$e fo%%o#in& to(ic5 +owadays yo' can 4ind a 7c&ona.d:s resta'rant in %ost *i( cities in the wor.d. &o yo' think this is a (ood or *ad thin(<

Test 3 T E ENIG6A 6AC INE 8t is co%%on know.ed(e that the disco-ery o4 radar (a-e the 0ritish a decisi-e ad-anta(e in the "econd ;or.d ;ar since it acted as an ear.y-warnin( syste%, ena*.in( %i.itary inte..i(ence to detect the )osition o4 ene%y air).anes and s'*%arines. 2ewer )eo).e know, howe-er, a*o't the cr'cia. ro.e ).ayed *y the #ni(%a %achine. 6#ni(%a6 was the na%e (i-en to the !er%an %i.itary codin( syste% 'sed to direct shi)s, s'*%arines and ar%ies. 8t 'sed %achines si%i.ar to ty)ewriters to code and decode %essa(es. Unknown to the !er%ans, in 1A3A two #ni(%a de-ices were handed to 0ritish inte..i(ence a(ents *y the Po.ish. The %achines were then e$a%ined *y s)ecia.ists at 0.etch.ey Park, a code-*reakin( centre near London. Accordin( to the 0ritish Pri%e 7inister, ;inston 5h'rchi.., the )ossession o4 the #ni(%a %achines shortened the war *y two years since the !er%an co%%and did not know its %essa(es were *ein( interce)ted and decoded. 2or reasons which sti.. re%ain 'nc.ear, one o4 these %achines was sto.en 4ro% the %'se'% in 0.etch.ey in A)ri. 2000. 8n cto*er a ranso% note 4or B25,000 was sent, a.on( with a threat that the %achine wo'.d *e destroyed i4 the %oney was not )aid *e4ore a dead.ine. The estate said it had a(reed to )ay the ranso%, *'t the %oney was ne-er handed o-er, and the %ystery dee)ened when the %achine was sent to the 005. ;hi.e e$)erts say that the sto.en %achine was worth a*o't B100,000, its historica. -a.'e is i%)ossi*.e to esti%ate. 1! In"icate #$et$er t$e fo%%o#in& statements are tr'e or fa%se an" #rite "o#n #$ic$ (art of t$e text )'stifies *o'r ans#er! +, (ointsa9 #-eryone knows a*o't the #ni(%a:s i%)ortance in the war. *9 +o*ody rea..y knows why an #ni(%a %achine was taken 4ro% the %'se'%. c9 Twenty-4i-e tho'sand )o'nds was )aid in order to reco-er the %achine. d9 The %achine was sti.. in 'se when it was sto.en. ,! Ans#er t$e fo%%o#in& .'estions in *o'r o#n #or"s! +, (ointsa9 ;hy was 0.etch.ey Park i%)ortant d'rin( ;or.d ;ar 88 *9 ;hy did the two #ni(%a %achines contri*'te so %'ch to the 0ritish war e44ort. 3! /in" #or"s or ($rases in t$e text t$at corres(on" to t$e #or"s an" "efinitions &i0en! +1!1 (ointsa9 ;arnin(. *9 !i-en to. c9 Cery i%)ortant. 2! Com(%ete t$e fo%%o#in& sentences #it$o't c$an&in& t$e meanin&! +1!1 (ointsa9 The %achine wo'.d ha-e *een destroyed i4 the %oney was not )aid *e4ore a dead.ine. Un.ess *9 Two s'ch de-ices were handed o-er to 0ritish inte..i(ence a(ents in 1A3A *y the Po.ish. The Po.ish c9 8t re.ied on %achines si%i.ar to ty)ewriters to code and decode %essa(es. 7achines si%i.ar to ty)ewriters 1! 3rite a s$ort essa* +abo't 144 #or"s- on t$e fo%%o#in& to(ic5 &o yo' think that *y .earnin( a*o't history we wi.. .earn no to re)eat the %istakes %ade *y ear.ier (enerations<

ANS3ER 9E: Test 1

1! a9 2a.se. D5hi.dren are -ery res)ect4'. and interested in what o.der (enerations can teach the% a*o't the )ast: *9 Tr'e. D&o'( has .earnt how to 'se a co%)'ter: c9 2a.se. D:they soon 4ind that the chi.dren ha-e (ot the sa%e as)irations as they had as yo'n(sters and that they act'a..y ha-e a .ot in co%%on: d9 2a.se. D -era.., there are %ore than 150 -o.'nteers workin( direct.y 4or the sche%e.: ,! a9 The sche%e is i%)ortant *eca'se retired )eo).e tend to 4ee. they are worth.ess. The sche%e he.)s their se.4-estee%. *9 /e is con-inced that *y co..a*oratin( in a )ositi-e way, yo'n( )eo).e and o.d )eo).e can *eco%e c.oser and 'nderstand one another *etter. 3! a9 As)irations. *9 0'i.d 0rid(es. c9 Under-a.'ed. 2! a9 &o'( Ti))er is no .on(er a %iner. *9 The 4o'ndation *rin(s to(ether yo'n(er and o.der (enerations. c9 The 4o'ndation, which has 4o'r %ain )ro3ects, works with the .oca. co%%'nity. Test , 1! a9 Tr'e. Dwhich are ai%ed at *'siness tra-e..ers d'rin( the week and 4a%i.ies at the weekend: *9 2a.se. D8n the )ast, 7c&ona.d:s resta'rants were 4a%o's 4or, and e-en ha-in( the sa%e d@cor, *'t ti%es ha-e chan(ed.: c9 Tr'e. D/ea.th concerns re.ated to the cons'%)tion o4 %eatha-e *een *ad news 4or the co%)any 7c&ona.d:s has res)onded to this *y de-e.o)in( other areas.: d9 2a.se. DThe "wiss *ranch o4 7c&ona.d:swhich a.ready has 116 resta'rants.: ,! a9 They ha-e *eco%e %'ch %ore di-erse and ada)ted their 4ood, ser-ices and d@cor to s'it the %arket, 4or e$a%).e ser-in( )rod'cts and ser-ices s'ch as *isc'its and 8nternet access, as we.. as %ore .'$'rio's d@cor in so%e *ranches. *9 &'rin( the week, the hote. wi.. *e occ')ied *y *'siness tra-e..ers, and at the weekend, the %ain c'sto%ers wi.. *e 4a%i.ies. 3! a9 Ai%ed at. *9 "o'nd)roo4ed. c9 &raw. 2! a9 7c&ona.d:s 'sed to *e 4a%o's 4or ser-in( e$act.y the sa%e 4ood in e-ery resta'rant. *9 2resh.y *aked *isc'its are ser-ed *yEat so%e 7c&ona.d:s c9 7c&ona.d:s, which is the wor.d:s *i((est 4ast 4ood co%)any, is known 4or its 0i( 7ac ha%*'r(ers and 2rench-4ried )o)atoes.

Test 3 1! a9 2a.se. D2ewer )eo).e know, howe-er, a*o't the cr'cia. ro.e ).ayed *y the #ni(%a %achine.: *9 Tr'e. D2or reasons sti.. 'nc.ear, one o4 these %achines was sto.en 4ro% the %'se'% at 0.etch.ey: c9 2a.se. DThe %oney was ne-er handed o-er:. d9 2a.se. Done o4 the %achines was sto.en 4ro% the %'se'%: FThe %achine co'.dn:t ha-e *een in 'se i4 it was on dis).ay in a %'se'%9 ,! a9 0eca'se it was the code-*reakin( centre where the #ni(%a %achines were 'sed to decode %essa(es 4ro% the !er%an %i.itary. *9 8t a..owed s)ecia.ists to decode the %essa(es sent *y the !er%an %i.itary and, accordin( to ;inston 5h'rchi.., shortened the war *y two years. 3! a9 Threat. *9 /anded. c9 5r'cia.. 2! a9 Un.ess the %oney was )aid *e4ore a dead.ine, the %achine wo'.d ha-e *een destroyed. *9 The Po.ish handed o-er two s'ch de-ices to 0ritish inte..i(ence a(ents. c9 7achines si%i.ar to ty)ewriters were re.ied on to code and decode %essa(es.