Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 6)

Posted NO V 29 2013 by JI GUPARM AR in ENERGY AND PO WER with 2 CO MM ENTS

Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow, Part 6 (On photo: View in the Transformer Room in the underground area during White House renovation on March 26, 1952 - via trumanlibrary.org)

Continued from: Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 5)

12 electrical thumb rules to follow:

1. Transformer earthing wire / Strip size 2. Motor earthing wire / Strip size 3. Panel earthing wire / Strip size 4. Electrical equipment earthing 5. Earthing wire (As per BS 7671) 6. Area for transformer room: (As per NBC-2005) 7. Span of transmission line (Central electricity authority) 8. Max. lock rotor amp for 1-phase 230V motor (NEMA) 9. Three phase motor code (NEMA) 10. Service factor of motor 11. Type of contactor 12. Contactor coil

1. Transformer earthing wire / Strip size

Size of T.C or DG <315 KVA 315 KVA to 500 KVA 500 KVA to 750 KVA 750 KVA to 1000 KVA
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Body Earthing 253 mm Cu / 406 mm GI Strip 253 mm Cu / 406 mm GI Strip 253 mm Cu / 406 mm GI Strip 253 mm Cu / 406 mm GI Strip

Neutral Earthing 253 mm Cu Strip 253 mm Cu Strip 403 mm Cu Strip 503 mm Cu Strip

2. Motor earthing wire / Strip size

Size of Motor < 5.5 KW 5.5 KW to 22 KW 22 KW to 55 KW >55 KW
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Body Earthing 85 SWG GI Wire 256 mm GI Strip 406 mm GI Strip 506 mm GI Strip

3. Panel earthing wire / Strip size

Type of Panel Lighting & Local Panel Control & Relay Panel D.G & Exciter Panel D.G & T/C Neutral
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Body Earthing 256 mm GI Strip 256 mm GI Strip 506 mm GI Strip 506 mm Cu Strip

4. Electrical equipment earthing

Equipment LA (5KA,9KA) HT Switchgear Structure Cable Tray Fence / Rail Gate
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Body Earthing 253 mm Cu Strip 506 mm GI Strip 506 mm GI Strip 506 mm GI Strip 506 mm GI Strip

5. Earthing wire (As per BS 7671)

Cross Section Area of Phase, Neutral Conductor(S) mm2 S<=16 16<S<=35 S>35 Minimum Cross Section area of Earthing Conductor (mm2) S (Not less than 2.5 mm2) 16 S/2

6. Area for transformer room: (As per NBC-2005)

Transformer Size Min. Transformer Room Area (M2) 14 28 15 30 16.5 33 49.5 36 54 36 54 39 58 39 58 Min. Total Sub Min. Space Station Area( Width Incoming HV,LV (Meter) Panel, T.C Roof) (M2) 90 118 91 121 93 125 167 130 172 132 176 135 181 149 197 9 13.5 9 13.5 9 13.5 18 14.5 19 14.5 19 14.5 14 14.5 19

1 x 160 2 x 160 1 x 250 2 x 250 1 x 400 2 x 400 3 x 400 2 x 500 3 x 500 2 x 630 3 x 630 2 x 800 3 x 800 2 x 1000 3 x 1000

- The capacitor bank should be automatically switched type for substation of 5MVA and higher. - Transformer up to 25 KVA can be mounted direct on pole. - Transformer from 25 KVA to 250KVA can be mounted either on H frame of plinth .

- Transformer above 250 KVA can be mounted plinth only. - Transformer above 100 MVA shall be protected by drop out fuse or circuit breaker.

7. Span of transmission line (Central electricity authority)

Voltage 765 KV 400 KV 220 KV 132 KV 66 KV
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Normal Span 400 to 450 Meter 400 Meter 335,350,375 Meter 315,325,335 Meter 240,250,275 Meter

8. Max. lock rotor amp for 1-phase 230V motor (NEMA)

HP 1 HP 1.5 HP 2 HP 3 HP 5 HP 7.5 HP 10 HP Amp 45 Amp 50 Amp 65 Amp 90 Amp 135 Amp 200 Amp 260 Amp

9. Three phase motor code (NEMA)

HP <1 HP 1.5 to 2.0 HP 3 HP 5 HP 7 to 10 HP >15 HP
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Code L L,M K J H G

10. Service factor of motor

HP 3600 RPM 1 HP 1.5 to 1.25 HP 150 HP 200 HP > 200 HP
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Synchronous Speed (RPM) 1800 RPM 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1200 RPM 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1 900 RPM 1.15 1.15 1.15 1.15 1 720 RPM 1 1.15 1.15 1.15 1 600 RPM 1 1.15 1.15 1 1 514 RPM 1 >1.15 1 1 1

1.25 1.15 1.15 1.15 1

11. Type of contactor

Type AC1 AC2 AC3 AC4,AC5,AC5a, Application Non Inductive Load or Slightly Inductive Load Slip Ring Motor, Starting, Switching OFF Squirrel Cage Motor Rapid Start & Rapid Stop

AC5b,AC6a AC 5a AC 5b AC 6a AC 6b AC 7a AC 7b AC 5a AC 8a AC 8b AC 12 AC 13 AC 14 AC 15
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Auxiliary Control circuit Electrical discharge Lamp Electrical Incandescent Lamp Transformer Switching Switching of Capacitor Bank Slightly Inductive Load in Household Motor Load in Household Hermetic refrigerant compressor motor with Manual Reset O/L Relay Hermetic refrigerant compressor motor with Automatic Reset O/L Relay Control of Resistive Load & Solid State Load Control of Resistive Load & Solid State Load with Transformer Isolation Control of small Electro Magnetic Load (<72 VA) Control of Electro Magnetic Load (>72 VA)

12. Contactor coil

Coil Voltage 24 Volt 48 Volt 110 to 127 Volt 220 to 240 Volt 277 Volt 380 to 415 Volt
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Suffix T W A B H L