The English Patient is a 1992 novel by Sri Lankan-Canadian novelist Michael Ondaatje.

The story deals with the grad ally revealed histories o! a critically b rned "nglish accented # ngarian $an% his Canadian n rse% a Canadian-&talian thie!% and an &ndian sa''er in the (ritish )r$y as they live o t the end o! *orld *ar && in an &talian villa. The novel won the Canadian +overnor +eneral,s )ward and the (ooker -ri.e !or !iction. The novel was ada'ted into an award-winning !il$ o! the sa$e na$e in 199/. The narrative is non-linear and the $ain characters are e0a$ined in de'th and detail. Plot summary The historical backdro' !or this novel is the Second *orld *ar in 1orthern )!rica and &taly. #ana% a yo ng Canadian )r$y n rse% lives in the abandoned 2illa San +irola$o in &taly% which is !illed with hidden% ndetonated bo$bs. )ll she knows abo t her "nglish 'atient is that he was b rned beyond recognition in a 'lane crash be!ore being taken to the hos'ital by a (edo in tribe. #e also clai$ed to be "nglish. The only 'ossession that the 'atient has is a co'y o! #erodot s, histories that s rvived the !ire. #e has annotated these histories and is constantly re$e$bering his e0'lorations in the desert in great detail% b t cannot state his own na$e. The 'atient is% in !act% L3s.l4 de )l$3sy% a # ngarian desert e0'lorer who was 'art o! a (ritish cartogra'hy gro '. #e chose% however% to erase his identity and nationality. Caravaggio% a Canadian who served in (ritain,s !oreign intelligence service since the late 1956s% was a !riend o! #ana,s !ather% who died in the war. Caravaggio% who entered the world o! s'ying beca se o! his skill as a thie!% co$es to the villa in search o! #ana. #e overheard in another hos'ital that she was there taking care o! a b rned 'atient. Caravaggio bears 'hysical and 'sychological scars7 he was deliberately le!t behind to s'y on the +er$an !orces and was event ally ca ght% interrogated and tort red% his th $bs having been c t o!!. Seeking vengeance three years later% Caravaggio 8like )l$3sy9 is addicted to $or'hine% which #ana s ''lies. One day% while #ana is 'laying the 'iano% two (ritish soldiers enter the villa. One o! the soldiers is :i'% an &ndian Sikh who has been trained as a sa''er or co$bat engineer% s'eciali.ing in bo$b and ordnance dis'osal. :i' e0'lains that the +er$ans o!ten booby-tra''ed $ sical instr $ents with bo$bs% and that he will stay in the villa to rid it o! its dangers. :i' and the "nglish -atient i$$ediately beco$e !riends. -ro$'ted to tell his story% the -atient begins to reveal all; )n "nglish gentle$an% +eo!!rey Cli!ton% and his wi!e% :atharine% acco$'anied the 'atient,s desert e0'loration tea$. The -atient,s job was to draw $a's o! the desert% and the Cli!tons, 'lane $ade this job easier. )l$3sy !ell in love with :atharine Cli!ton one night as she read !ro$ #erodot s, histories alo d aro nd a ca$'!ire. They soon began a very intense a!!air% b t in 195<% :atharine c t it o!!% clai$ing that +eo!!rey wo ld go $ad i! he discovered the$. *hen *orld *ar && broke o t in 1959% the $e$bers o! the e0'loration tea$ decided to 'ack ' base ca$'% and +eo!!rey Cli!ton o!!ered to 'ick ' )l$3sy in his 'lane% and took :atharine with hi$. #owever% +eo!!rey t rned aro nd and crashed his 'lane in an e!!ort to kill all three o! the$% revealing he had known abo t the a!!air. +eo!!rey died i$$ediately7 :atharine s rvived% b t was horribly inj red. )l$3sy took her to =the cave o! swi$$ers%= a 'lace the e0'loration tea$ had 'revio sly discovered% and covered her with a 'arach te so he co ld leave to !ind hel'. )!ter three days% he reached a town% b t the (ritish were s s'icio s o! hi$ beca se he was incoherent and had a !oreign s rna$e. They locked hi$ ' as a s'y. *hen )l$3sy !inally esca'ed% he knew it was too late to save :atharine% so he allowed hi$sel! to be ca't red by the +er$ans% hel'ing the$ s'y cross the desert into Cairo. #e then ret rned to collect :atherine,s body7 however% while !lying over the desert% the aircra!t was observed by

+er$ans and shot down into !la$es. )l$3sy 'arach ted down covered in !la$es which was where the (edo ins !o nd hi$. Caravaggio% who had had s s'icions that the -atient was not "nglish% !ills in details. +eo!!rey Cli!ton was% in !act% an "nglish s'y and had intelligence abo t )l$3sy,s a!!air with :atharine. #e also had intelligence that )l$3sy was already working with the +er$ans. Over ti$e while )l$3sy div lges the details o! his 'ast% :i' beco$es close to #ana. :i',s brother had always distr sted the *est% b t :i' entered the (ritish )r$y willingly. #e was trained as a sa''er by Lord Suffolk% an "nglish gentle$an% who welco$ed :i' into his !a$ily. >nder Lord S !!olk,s training% :i' beca$e very skilled at his job. *hen Lord S !!olk and his tea$ were killed by a bo$b% :i' beca$e se'arated !ro$ the world and e$otionally re$oved !ro$ everyone. #e decided to leave "ngland and began de! sing bo$bs in &taly. :i',s best !riend% a (ritish )r$y sergeant% is killed in a bo$b e0'losion. :i' !or$s a ro$antic relationshi' with #ana and ses it to reconnect to h $anity. #e beco$es a 'art o! a co$$ nity again and begins to !eel co$!ortable as a lover. Then he hears on the wireless that the >nited States have dro''ed the ato$ic bo$b on ?a'an. #e beco$es de'ressed and se'arates hi$sel! !ro$ everyone% incl ding #ana. #e event ally leaves.

Characters in The English Patient

Almsy
Co nt Ladisla s de )l$3sy is the title character. #e arrives% nder #ana,s care b rned beyond recognition. #e has a !ace% b t it is nrecogni.able and his tags are not 'resent. The only identi!ication they have o! hi$ is that he told the (edo ins that he was "nglish. Th s% they call hi$ j st the "nglish -atient. Lacking any identi!ication% )l$3sy serves as a sort o! blank canvas onto which the other characters 'roject their wishes. #ana !inds in hi$ rede$'tion !or not being at her !ather,s side when he died in a si$ilar !ashion witho t anyone to co$!ort hi$. :i' !inds a !riend. The irony in the tale arises in that )l$3sy is not% in !act% "nglish. @ather% he is # ngarian by birth and has tried to erase all ties to co ntries thro gho t his desert e0'lorations. (eca se o! his co$'lete rejection o! nationalis$% $any o! )l$3sy,s actions which wo ld otherwise see$ re'rehensible are so$ewhat !orgiven. To a $an with no nation% it is not wrong to hel' a +er$an s'y across the desert. The +er$an is si$'ly another $an. )l$3sy is 'ortrayed in a sy$'athetic light. This is 'artly beca se )l$3sy tells his own story% b t it is also beca se )l$3sy always adheres to his own $oral code. )l$3sy is also at the center o! one o! the novel,s love stories. #e is involved in an ad ltero s relationshi' with :atharine Cli!ton% which event ally leads to her death and the death o! her h sband% +eo!!rey Cli!ton. :atharine is the !ig re who leads )l$3sy to sens ality. #e !alls in love with her voice as she reads #erodot s. Sens alityAin both the se0 al and observational sensesAis a $ajor the$e to the novel. The character is loosely based on L3s.l4 )l$3sy% who was act ally ho$ose0 al%B1C a well-known desert e0'lorer in 1956s "gy't and who hel'ed the +er$an side in *orld *ar &&. )l$3sy did not s !!er b rns or die in &taly% b t s rvived the war and lived ntil 19D1.

Hana
#ana is a twenty-year-old Canadian )r$y n rse. #ana is torn between her yo th and her $at rity. &n a sense% she has lost her childhood too early. ) good n rse% she learned E ickly that she co ld not beco$e e$otionally attached to her 'atients. She calls the$ all =b ddy%= b t i$$ediately detaches !ro$ the$ once they are dead. #er lover% a Canadian o!!icer% is killed. #ana co$es to believe she is a c rse whose !riends inevitably die. Sy$bolic o! her detach$ent and loss o! childhood% she c ts o!! all o! her hair and no longer looks in $irrors a!ter three days o! working as a n rse. &n contrast to this detach$ent% 'on hearing o! her !ather,s death #ana has an e$otional breakdown. Then she ' ts all o! her energy into caring !or the "nglish -atient. She washes his wo nds and 'rovides hi$ with $or'hine. *hen the hos'ital is abandoned% #ana re! ses to leave and instead stays with her 'atient. She sees )l$3sy as saintlike and with the =hi'bones o! Christ.= She !alls in love with the "nglish -atient in a ' rely non-se0 al way. The character o! #ana is entirely 'arado0ical. She is $at re beyond her years% b t she still clings to childlike 'ractices. She 'lays ho'scotch in the 2illa and sees the 'atient as a noble hero who is s !!ering. She 'rojects her own ro$antici.ed i$ages onto the blank slate o! the 'atient% !or$ing a sort o! !airytale e0istence !or hersel!. ) strong relationshi' with sa''er% :i'% is also !or$ed d ring his stay at the villa.

Kip
:ir'al 8:i'9 Singh is an &ndian Sikh. :i' was trained to be a sa''er o!!icer by Lord S !!olk who also% essentially% $ade hi$ a 'art o! his !a$ily. :i' is% 'erha's% the $ost con!licted character o! the novel. #is brother is an &ndian nationalist and strongly anti-*estern. (y contrast% :i' willingly joined the (ritish $ilitary% b t he was $et with reservations !ro$ his white colleag es. This ca ses :i' to beco$e so$ewhat e$otionally withdrawn. The one 'lace in "ngland where :i' is co$'letely and nreservedly acce'ted is the ho sehold o! Lord S !!olk% the eccentric "nglish noble$an who develo's the 'ractice o! dis$antling ne0'loded +er$an bo$bs% a co$'licated and highly dangero s disci'line F and who beco$es :i',s $entor% !riend and in e!!ect s rrogate !ather. :i',s e$otional withdrawal beco$es $ore 'rono nced when Lord S !!olk and his tea$ are killed while atte$'ting to dis$antle a new ty'e o! bo$b% which detonated. 8&t sho ld be noted that Charles #oward% 26th "arl o! S !!olk% was an act al historical 'erson% who did develo' the 'ractice o! dis$antling bo$bs and was indeed killed in the $anner described in the book9. )!ter this event% :i' is ordered to &taly where he $eets #ana. #e and his 'artner hear her 'laying 'iano% and% as $ sical instr $ents were o!ten wired% entered the villa to sto' her. :i',s 'artner leaves the villa b t :i' stays on to clear the large n $ber o! $ines and booby-tra's he believes the +er$ans have le!t and sets- ' ca$' in the co rtyard. :i' and #ana beco$e lovers and% thro gh that% :i' begins to regain con!idence and a sense o! co$$ nity. #e !eels welco$ed by these westerners% and they all see$ to !or$ a gro ' that disregards national origins. They get together and celebrate #ana,s 21st birthday% a sy$bol o! their !riendshi' and :i',s acce'tance. #e leaves and never ret rns% tho gh later in his li!e he o!ten thinks o! #ana.

Caravaggio
Gavid Caravaggio is a Canadian thie! and long-ti$e !riend o! #ana,s !ather. #is 'ro!ession is legiti$i.ed by the war% as the )llies needed 'eo'le to steal i$'ortant doc $ents !or the$. Caravaggio arrives in the villa as =the $an with bandaged hands.= #is &talian ca'tors had c t o!! his th $bs when he was ca ght in Hlorence. #e recalls the one who ordered the act was na$ed @an ccio To$$asoni7 this is a re!erence to a $an by the sa$e na$e who was $ rdered by the historical Caravaggio in 1/6/.B2C -hysically and $entally% he can no longer steal% having =lost his nerve.= #ana re$e$bers Caravaggio as a very h $an thie!. #e wo ld always get distracted by the h $an ele$ent in a job. Hor instance% i! an advent calendar was on the wrong day% he wo ld !i0 it. She also has dee' !eelings o! love !or Caravaggio. &t is debated i! this love is ro$antic or si$'ly !a$ilial7 however Caravaggio does dis'lay a ro$antic love towards #ana in 'arts o! the book. Caravaggio is also addicted to $or'hine% as is )l$3sy. #e ses this to get in!or$ation o t o! )l$3sy. Caravaggio hears o! the ato$ic bo$b being dro''ed on ?a'an and co$$ents that he does not believe the )$ericans wo ld have dro''ed it on a co ntry o! white 'eo'le. Michael Ondaatje stated in an interview on ((C @adio I broadcast 9 ) g st 2612% that $ost 'eo'le think this co$$ent is attrib ted to :i'% b t it was in !act Caravaggio.

Katharine Clifton
:atharine is the wi!e o! +eo!!rey Cli!ton. She has an a!!air with )l$3sy which her h sband discovers. She is O0!ord ed cated. )l$3sy !alls in love with her as she reads !ro$ )l$3sy,s borrowed co'y o! The #istories aro nd a ca$'!ire. :atharine and Cli!ton $et at O0!ord. G ring the conte0t o! events told by The "nglish -atient% she had been $arried to +eo!!rey !or only a year. The day a!ter they get $arried% she and +eo!!rey !ly to the desert to join )l$3sy,s e0'edition crew. Once the a!!air begins% she is torn by g ilt and event ally breaks o!! the a!!air. )!ter +eo!!rey kills hi$sel!% and they are st ck in the desert% she ad$its she always loved )l$3sy.

Geoffrey Clifton
:atharine Cli!ton,s h sband. #e joins )l$3sy,s e0'loration gro ' as another desert e0'lorer% b t is in !act on a secret $ission o! the (ritish govern$ent 8$ilitary intelligence9 to $ake detailed $a's o! 1orth )!rica. The 'lane he =owns= is not a =wedding 'resent%= b t Crown 'ro'erty. To 'er!or$ his $ission% he leaves his bea ti! l yo ng wi!e in the desert with the real e0'lorers. "verything else !ollows. +eo!!rey and :atharine Cli!ton were based on Sir @obert Clayton "ast-Clayton% 9th (aronet o! Marden% and Dth (aronet o! #all -lace% Maidenhead% and his wi!e% Gorothy% B5C both o! who$ were dead by the ti$e the novel takes 'lace. Clayton,s 'lane% a +i'sy & Moth% was called =@ 'ert%= and both he and Gorothy were 'ilots. Clayton died o! ac te anterior 'olio$yelitis contracted within two $onths o! co$'leting an act al s'ring 1952 e0'edition to the +il! :ebir !or which he hired )l$3sy and -at Clayton 8the basis !or the character o! Mado097BIC Gorothy died in an air'lane accident in 1955.

The real English Patient hero was not womaniser... he was GAY, letters show
Letters have s r!aced in +er$any 'roving that the *orld *ar Two s'y who ins'ired the hero the the Oscar-winning !il$ The "nglish -atient was no wo$aniser b t a gay $an in love with a yo ng soldier called #ans "ntholt. The correso'ondence also indicate the # ngarian-born advent rer Co nt Las.lo de )l$3sy did not die o! a $or'hine overdose a!ter s !!ering terrible b rns and drea$ing o! the wo$an he loved% the !ate the be!ell the !ictional hero 'layed by @al'h Hiennes in the !il$. &nstead )l$3sy s cc $bed to a$oebic dysentry in 19D1 never having once sle't with a wo$an. *hile the &$'erial *ar M se $ in London holds re'orts he wrote !or +er$an intelligence in **2 nder lock and key% letters written by )l$3sy% who worked !or @o$$el,s )!rika Cor's% have been !o nd in +er$any% con!ir$ing the long-ti$e r $o rs abo t his se0 ality. The #einrich (arth &nstit te !or )!rican St dies in Cologne has discovered the inti$ate corres'ondence 'enned by hi$. &t re! ses to ' blish the letters b t a $e$ber o! the instit te,s sta!! told +er$any,s Ger S'iegel $aga.ine; ,"gy'tian 'rinces were a$ong )l$asy,s lovers., )lso discovered recently in "gy't was his s ''ly base !or a daring behind-the-lines $ission against the (ritish. Co nt Las.lo de )l$asy% the ins'iration !or the character 'layed by @al'h Hiennes in The "nglish -atient% was gay and in love with a 1a.i ) strian e0'lorers re'ort they have !o nd old car batteries and inner t bes in a cave as well as *ehr$acht jerrycans% bottles o! +er$an schna''s and ,two cans o! corned bee! !ro$ (ra.il and one can o! condensed $ilk,% said archaeologist :athrin :leibl. ,)s $ ndane as the $aterial is% it re'resents one o! the $ost daring $ilitary o'erations behind (ritish lines. )l$asy was brilliant as a desert tra''er% even tho gh he was on the wrong side d ring the war%, re'orted S'iegel. (orn the son o! a # ngarian noble$an% he is 'ortrayed in the !il$ by Hiennes% as the handso$e yo ng lover o! an "nglishwo$an 8:ristin Scott Tho$as9 in 're-war Cairo. G ring the war he s$ ggled 1a.i agents thro gh the Sahara desert as 'art o! his $issions !or the (randenb rg Givision% a nit o! +er$an !oreign $ilitary intelligence that carried o t acts o! sabotage behind ene$y lines. #is base-ca$' !or the $ission to in!iltrate the s'ies #ans "''ler and -eter Stanstede into "gy't was established in 19I2. # ndreds o! atte$'ts to !ind it in the 'ast have !ailed b t the ) strians discovered it last $onth in a cave in the so th o! "gy't. )l$asy was one o! a n $ber o! $inor 're-war e0'lorers recr ited by +er$an intelligence in a bid to di$inish (ritish in!l ence across )!rica. #is ho$ose0 al lover #ans% an o!!icer in the *ehr$acht% died d ring @o$$el,s retreat !ro$ )!rica a!ter ste''ing on one o! his own side,s land$ines% dise$bowelling hi$.

LA Y

!"!THY CLAYT!# EA$T CLAYT!#, #EE %""A#T &'()*&'++ ,a-ghter of "ev Arth-r -rrant, vi.ar of Leversto./ Green 0 mo,el for Katherine Clifton in the novel The English Patient

orothy1s story is one whi.h has always fas.inate, me from the moment 2 first hear, of it several years ago now, an, is one 2 feel parti.-larly involve, with as it very s-rprisingly lin/e, my own family to her story at the time of her ,eath, an, -ltimately le, me to ,is.over more of my own family history as well as that of Leversto./ Green1s. orothy1s story is one whi.h gra,-ally -nfol,e, over a few years of resear.h, with the -ltimate twist in the story .oming to light as a res-lt of an Ameri.an film .ompany getting in to-.h with me a3o-t her. 4o-r 4eathers 4ilm 2n.. of !ran,ell #ew 5ersey .onta.te, me 6-st 3efore Christmas &''7 .ompletely o-t of the 3l-e. 2 re.eive, a letter from the 4ilm Company see/ing information on La,y orothy an, the -rrant family. They ha, 3een tol, 3y the Ar.hivist at 8C that photographs of orothy1s 4ather the "ev. Arth-r -rrant, an, the ol, "e.tory in Leversto./ Green were to 3e fo-n, in my 3oo/. They rather hope, 2 ha, more photographs in.l-,ing one of orothy, an, they wante, permission to repro,-.e the photos 2 ,i, have. 2t t-rns o-t that 4o-r 4eathers pro,-.e m-ltime,ia presentations for pre9pro,-.tions an, story 3oar,ing. :ith an en, pro,-.t of a vi,eo or C 9"!;. The parti.-lar pro6e.t they .onta.te, me over en.ompasses early aviators an, e<plorers, hen.e the interest in orothy an, her h-s3an,. 2t also so-n,s from the information the .ompany provi,e, me with, that they event-ally hope to pro,-.e a f-ll m-ltime,ia C 9"!; .overing e<plorers an, aviators an, if the se.tion on orothy was approve, they wo-l, nee, 3roa,.ast =-ality photographs an, on9.amera interviews for in.l-sion. Altho-gh the on .amera interviews were -ltimately to materialise, 2 ,i,n1t hear from 4o-r 4eathers after early &''',so it loo/s as if the whole thing may have fi>>le, o-t. The interest of 4o-r 4eathers 4ilms prompte, me to see if more .o-l, 3e ,is.overe,, in parti.-lar to see if a photograph of La,y orothy .o-l, 3e -n.overe,.?Ha, any of -s realise, that there were five won,erf-l portraits of her in teh #ational Portrait Gallery, that wo-l, have 3een easier, 3-t glo3al p-3li.ation via the 2nternet was then very m-.h in its infan.y. Little ,i, 2 realise when 2 starte, pre.isely how involve, her story an, that of her family was to 3e.ome. 2 mentione, too earlier that there t-rne, o-t to 3e a lin/ with my family, namely my gran,father, who live, an, wor/e, on the 2sle of :ight. 8y a strange =-ir/ of fate it wo-l, also seem that 3y the li/elihoo, of orothy having 3een the mo,el for the prin.iple .hara.ter in a Pri>e winning novel, whi.h in its t-rn was to

3e t-rne, into a m-lti9million pri>e winning film, there wo-l, 3e f-rther .onne.tions with the 2slan,. ;ore of that later@@@@@@@@ orothy1s $tory orothy was 3orn in Leversto./ Green on $eptem3er A)th &'(), the yo-ngest .hil, of the "ev. Arth-r -rrant an, his wife Ali.e ;a3le. The el,er three .hil,ren were Lorna, 3orn 5-ly AAn, &BB)C ;i.hael Arth-r, an, Eni,. ;i.hael traine, as an ar.hite.t an, was /ille, in the Great :ar. He is remem3ere, along with others from Leversto./ Green who gave their lives ,-ring that .onfli.t, on the war memorial. As no re.or, appears in o-r Parish registers of ;i.hael or Eni,1s 3aptisms, 2 ass-me that they, li/e Lorna, were 3oth 3orn prior to the -rrants moving to Leversto./ Green in &B''. Ali.e -rrant wo-l, have 3een D( at the time orothy was 3orn, an, there was a twenty year ,ifferen.e in the ages of Lorna an, orothy. orothy was 3aptise, 3y her father in Holy Trinity Ch-r.h on #ovem3er Dth &'(). 8y all a..o-nts the -rrants, who were from a fairly E-pper .r-stE family, an, one of whose an.estors was Eli>a3eth 4ry the famo-s prison visitorFreformer of the early eighteenth .ent-ry, .onsi,ere, themselves rather so.ially s-perior to the general pop-lation of Leversto./ Green. The "ev. -rrant was an e<tremely well e,-.ate, man, having gra,-ate, from Eman-el College, !<for,. ?!nly the moneye, an, privilege, few ha, a..ess to a %niversity E,-.ation in the last .ent-ry, an, parti.-larly either !<for, or Cam3ri,ge.G ;rs. -rrant was ,efinitely .onsi,ere, Ea la,yE an, =-ite a lot of entertaining went on at the "e.tory. A fre=-ent visitor was a Canon Pelly, orothy1s %n.le. However, 3efore we .on,emn this o-tloo/, parti.-larly in a mem3er of the .loth an, his family, we m-st remem3er that this was very m-.h the norm at the 3eginning of the twentieth .ent-ry, an, wo-l, have in.rease, the respe.t of the Leversto./ Green .omm-nity for their Hi.ar an, his family rather than ,iminishe, it. As a mem3er of Ea well 3re, familyE, orothy was therefore not allowe, to atten, the village s.hool, 3-t re.eive, lessons at home with a governess. ;rs. -rrant invite, Hil,a ell, a lo.al girl, to share these lessons with orothy an, to 3e a .hosen playmateF.ompanion. Hil,a1s el,er sister 8eryl, ha, 3een similarly invite, to 3enefit from the governess importe, for orothy1s el,er sister Eni,. 2t was a great privilege for these lo.al girls to 3e single, o-t in this way, parti.-larly as their father was a lo.al hay ,ealer. $everal photographs of the ell family ?relatives of ;a,ge 4iel,1sG appear in my 3oo/, parti.-larly on pp&(+, &&7 an, &&'. A..or,ing to 8etty Thomas, ?3orn ;arie Eli>a3eth Cham3ersG, ,a-ghter of Hil,a ell, orothy was "a lively lassE, generally tho-ght to 3e very 3right an, a,vent-ro-s. 2n &'A(, when the $-n,ay $.hool photograph on page D' of my 3oo/ was ta/en, ?Cli./ here to viewG orothy wo-l, have 3een &+ years of age. Her sister Lorna has 3een positively i,entifie, 3y 3oth 8etty Thomas an, ;ar6orie Ash3y ?nee 8rigginshawG as the la,y in the large 3la./ hat at the very en, of the 3a./ row, 6-st in front of the win,ow. #either were a3le to positively i,entify orothy, 3-t ;ar6orie thin/s she may have 3een the girl in the white hat ne<t to Lorna, as she is one of the few in,ivi,-als she .annot name from the photograph. However, sin.e ,is.overing a st-,io portrait of orothy in a &'+A e,ition of The

aily E<press 2 .an say witho-t hesitation that the girl in the large white hat ne<t to Lorna is -n,o-3te,ly orothy. E<.ept that she a.te, as a 3ri,esmai, at her sister Eni,1s we,,ing in A-g-st &'A(, little else is /nown a3o-t orothy -ntil she herself marries at the age of AI on 4e3r-ary A'th &'+A, an, this in itself was shro-,e, in mystery an, -nanswere, =-estions. $he apparently met $ir "o3ert Claytom East Clayton, a AD ol, offi.er in the "oyal #avy, on an o.ean voyage an, they were marrie, on Leap Year ay in a Lon,on registry offi.e. orothy ha, alrea,y a.hieve, a rep-tation as a s.-lptress. The .o-ple ,e.i,e, to ,evote themselves to e<ploring. 8-t why ,i, they marry in a register offi.eJ A..or,ing to :ho :as :ho &'++, orothy1s h-s3an,, $ir "o3ert Alan Clayton East Clayton, "#C was the 'th 8aronet of ;ar,en ?.reate, &7+AG an, the Ith 8aronet of Hall Pla.e ;ai,enhea,, ?.reate, &B+BG. He was a Lie-tenant in the "oyal #avy, an, atta.he, to the "A4 from &'+A, the year of his marriage to orothy. He was the only son of the Bth 8aronet an, La,y 4ran.es Lo-ise Helen Clayton, yo-ngest ,a-ghter of the late Lie-tenant Col. 5ames Col=-ho-n, .L. $ir "o3ert s-..ee,e, his father in &'A). He owne, &I(( a.res of lan, at Hall Pla.e near ;ai,enhea,. 2t is -nli/ely to have 3een 3e.a-se the .o-ple were from ,iffering ,enominations, as the Clayton1s are e<tremely well represente, 3y memorials et.. in their parish .h-r.h. :hytherefore ,i, orothy .hose to get marrie, in a registry offi.e rather than her father1s .h-r.hJ 2t too/ me a long time to fin, the li/ely answer to this =-estion, whi.h t-rne, o-t to 3e lin/e, to the story of her sister Lorna1s ,oome, roman.eC Lorna1s s-iter have previo-sly 3eing ,eeme, totally -ns-ita3le 3y her father. Having many years previo-sly emigrate, to Cana,a to Ema/e goo,E, Lorna1s s-iter ha, ret-rne, to marry his mi,,le9age, 3ri,e only to 3e re3-ffe, on.e more 3y his inten,e, father9in9law, have their story ma,e front page news, an, his 3ri,e pla.e, in a mental instit-tion. The ,etails of Lorna1s story ha, 3een ma,e highly p-3li. via the #ational ,aily papers. 2t now seems li/ely that orothy1s we,,ing was a =-iet one p-rely in or,er to avoi, p-3li.ity. Her sister an, her father ha, alrea,y in the months lea,ing to orothy1s marriage fo-n, themselves the .entre of national as well as lo.al gossip. At the time of orothy1s marriage itself, even tho-gh the "ev. -rrant ha, 3y that time given his .onsent to the marriage of his el,er ,a-ghter, Lorna was 3eing n-rse, in a sanatori-m an, it wo-l, have seeme, .r-el to have ha, the large so.iety we,,ing e<pe.te, of a .o-ple in "o3ert 0 orothy1s position. $-.h a we,,ing wo-l, -n,o-3te,ly have attra.te, the ma6or press who wo-l, e=-ally as -n,o-3te,ly have ma,e .apital o-t of it. They wo-l, pro3a3ly have also ma,e m-.h o-t of her other sister1s story, 3eing the ,ivor.ee ,a-ghter of a Erespe.te,E .lergyman.The so.ial ni.eties of life in the early &'+(1s are very ,iffernt to those of to,ay. The mi,,le sister E,ith ha, traine, as an artist, an, initially ma,e a highly s-ita3le mat.h to Charles Ha>el,ene ;oore of the King1s Light 2nfantry, the only son of ;r. 0 ;rs. ;oore of ERedbourne HouseE near $t. Al3ans. Their we,,ing too/ pla.e in A-g-st &'A( in Leversto./ Green an, was reporte, in The Ga>ette for A-g-st ABth of that year. The ;arriage too/ pla.e at Holy Trinity Ch-r.h, The "ev. -rrant giving the 3ri,e away, an, the .eremony 3eing .on,-.te, 3y "ev.

Cannon E.5. Gallop. There were two 3ri,esmai,s, the 3ri,e1s sister orothy an, her .o-sin ;iss $tella Pelly. The Hon "o3ert Grimston ?son of His.o-nt Grimston, heir to the Earl of Her-lam. His.o-nt Grimston live, with his fmily in Leversto./ Green at his ho-se EPan.a/eE whi.h he ha, 3-ilt shortly 3efore ::&G an, ;aster "i.har, "an,olph a.te, as pages. $a,ly the marriage was not to last, en,ing in ,ivor.e with Eni, remarrying. $he was sai, later to go to 4ran.e to live after ?pres-ma3lyG marrying a Parisian artist. However, it was generally not .onsi,ere, E.orre.tE to tal/ a3o-t Eni, as she was ,ivor.e,. At orothy1s f-neral Eni, an, her new h-s3an,, George Anson, were present. ?2t is -n.ertain if he was the 4ren.h artist, or if she marrie, for a thir, time.G As it t-rne, o-t, the "ev. -rrant wo-l, appear to have approve, his yo-ngest ,a-ghter1s marriage, an, later performe, a Ch-r.h 8lessing on their -nion. 8-t sa,ly orothy1s marriage was not to last m-.h more than si< months, as $ir "o3ert ,ie, on An, $eptem3er &'+A, having apparently .ontra.te, a form of polio whilst on an e<pe,ition to Li3ya -n,erta/en shortly after their marriage. 2t sho-l, also 3e remem3ere, here that prior to the ,is.overy of anti3ioti.s an, ant9viral ,r-gs, the s-,,en ,eath of otherwise healthy in,ivi,-als ,-e to vario-s viral an, 3a.terial infe.tions was very .ommon as the s.hool log 3oo/s an, parish registers .an grimly testify. The aily E<press1s report for $at-r,ay $eptem3er +r, &'+A rea, as 3elow, The paper also .arrie, two photographs, one a rather fine st-,io type portrait of La,y orothy from whi.h it .o-l, 3e seen that she 3ore a strong resem3lan.e to her ;other ;rs. Ali.e -rrantC the other a smaller portrait of $ir "o3ert. Rare Germ Kills Young Baronet DELAYED ACTION PERIL O T!E DE"ERT E#PLORER$" ATE %%%%%%%% &Daily E'(ress& "(ecial Corres(on)ent* +AIDEN!EAD, ri)ay* A RARE an) -atal tro(ical germ that remains latent in the system -or a consi)era.le time has cause) the su))en )eath o- "ir Ro.ert Alan Clayton East/Clayton the t0enty/-our/ year/ol) .aronet o- ancient ancestry* "ir Ro.ert .ecame ill on +on)ay an) although -i1e )octors an) s(ecialists 0ere calle) an) o'ygen a((lie) his con)ition .ecame 0orse, an) he )ie) at his home !all Place , !urley, near here last night* It is most (ro.a.le that the germ that cause) )eath 0as (ic2e) u( )uring his recent tra1els in the Li.yan Desert* The germ in)uces a con)ition 2no0n as acute anterior (oliomyelitis* The )isease is similar to in-antile (aralysis* !e 0ent out 0ith Count La)islas )e Almasy to -in) the lost oasis o- 3er4ura* The oasis 0as )isco1ere), .ut )uring the e'(e)ition "i Ro.ert an) his com(anion 0ere lost in the )esert -or t0o )ays* The (ri1ations then en)ure) may, it is thought, ha1e un)ermine) his strength an) ma)e him more susce(ti.le to the germ that cause) his )eath*

!is mother La)y Clayton/East 0as on a cara1an holi)ay in "cotlan) 0hen "ir Ro.ert .ecame ill* "he 0as trace) .y .roa)cast messages -rom BBC "cottish stations, an) returne) to +ai)enhea) imme)iately, only to hear that her son ha) )ie)* "ir Ro.ert 0as marrie) on e.ruary 56 to +iss Dorothy +ary Durrant, the t0enty/ -i1e year ol) )aughter o- the Re1* Arthur Durrant 1icar o- Le1erstoc2 Green, !ert-or)shire* "he is a talente) scul(tress*

1952.69.65 LE7ER"TOCK GREEN 7ICAR8"

"ON/IN/LA9* JJJJJJJJJJ M ch local interest has been aro sed by the news o! the death o! Sir @obert Clayton "ast Clayton% (art% @1% which occ rred on Th rsday o! last week at his ho$e% K#all -laceL% # rley% near Maidenhead. #e $arried Miss Gorothy Mary G rrant% a da ghter o! the @ev. )rth r G rrant% 2icar o! Leverstock +reen % last Hebr ary. The late Sir @obert was the only son o! the late Major Sir +eorge H. C. Clayton "ast% and was only 2I years o! age. #e s cceeded his !ather in two baronetcies in 192/. &n )'ril o! this year Sir @obert $ade a jo rney to the Libyan Gesert to !ind the KlostL oasis o! Mer. ra. >n!ort nately the e0'edition was ns ccess! l in locating the oasis and another e0'edition% o! which Sir @obert was to have been a $e$ber% is being 'lanned. Geath was d e to ac te anterior 'olio$yelitis which is si$ilar to in!antile 'aralysis. &t is a rare disease% which is generally !atal% and it is believed that Sir @obert 'icked ' the ger$% while in the desert. Lady Clayton "ast Clayton is a talented sc l'tress. She has a st dio in London and s'ecialises in glass and 'laster work. Many 'eo'le will re$e$ber her char$ing e0hibits at )rts and Cra!t shows in #ert!ordshire. #er !ather% too% is a keen artist. The sy$'athy o! a large n $ber o! !riends in and aro nd Leverstock +reen will go o t to the 2icar and his da ghter in their bereave$ent. The re$ains o! Sir @obert were cre$ated at *oking% on T esday% !ollowing a service which was taken by the 2icar o! Leverstock +reen % assisted by the @ev. G.*. Money. )$ong those 'resent were; Lady Clayton "ast 8$other9% the Misses Clayton "ast and @. Clayton "ast 8sisters9% Mr. #arold Clayton% 8co sin9% Major T.+. )nson% Mrs. )nson% (rigadier+eneral @.T. -erry% Major ?.M. #a$ilton% Mrs. #arrington St art% Mrs. (al!o r% Ca'tain @.+. #arvey% @1% Mrs. Sy$ons ?e ne% Miss Ma de% Miss M r'hy and 1 rse Melnerney. The ashes are to re$ain at the cre$atori $% and will be 'rivately re$oved and scattered over the "nglish Channel !ro$ an aero'lane. B #erts )dvertiser Se't. 9th 1952C An a,,itional snippet of information has re.ently .ome to light, in that on the A)th 5-ne &'+A, the Claytons signe, the g-est 3oo/ of the "oyal Hi.toria Hotel in Pisa. As well as their signat-res was the name an, n-m3er of their plane, an, the note Cairo9Lon,on. They were no ,o-3t en9ro-te for Englan, after their trip to Li3ya. K$o-r.eL e9mail from the present owner of the "oyal Hi.tortia Hotel Pisa.M 2t is interesting to note that, altho-g it was $ir "o3ert who ha, earlier a,,e, the EEast ClaytonE to his name, their 3oth signe, thier names with 6-st a single Clayton. A portrait of $ir "o3ert on his own ?as oppose, to the 6oint protrait mentione, at the top of this pageG is ho-se, at The #ational Portrait Gallery an, .an 3e a..esse, at from their we3site -n,er EColle.tionsE.

Less than si< months after her h-s3an,1s ,eath, orothy herself was reporte, in The Hemel Hempstea, Ga>ette for 4e3r-ary && &'++ as she set off on her own sear.h for a lost oasis in Li3ya in an attempt to a.hieve what her h-s3an, ha, 3een -na3le to ,o. 2t interesting to note that the vario-s newspaper reports 2 have so far -n.overe, all spell the name of the oasis slightly ,ifferently@ They also ,on1t always agree as to the fa.ts. 4or e<ample, .ompare the a..o-nts in the Ga>ette an, The aily E<press of $ir "o3ert1s sear.h for the lost !asis. LE7ER"TOCK GREEN 7ICAR$" DA:G!TER$" LIG!T La)y Clayton to search -or lost oasis The news has been ' blished this week that Lady Clayton "ast Clayton intends to start at the weekend on a !light to the Libyan Gesert to search !or the lost Oasis o! Merr ra. &t is stated that she is to $ake an atte$'t to !ind the oasis in a chain which !or$ed an old caravan ro te !ro$ the S dan to the coast. Hlying in her own aero'lane% Lady "ast Clayton will se the $a's and ro tes le!t by her h sband% and is taking with her a reserve 'ilot% Lie t. Co$dr. @a ndall. -rior to her $arriage to Sir @obert Clayton "ast Clayton at a London @egister O!!ice% on Hebr ary 29th 1952% Lady Clayton "ast Clayton was Miss Gorothy Mary G rrant. She is the da ghter o! the @ev. ). G rrant% 2icar o! Leverstock +reen. &t will be re$e$bered that Sir @obert Clayton "ast Clayton set o!! soon a!ter his $arriage to !ind the Oasis% b t having been lost in the desert !or several days. ret rned ho$e witho t s ccess. )bo t !ive $onths later he died at his ho$e% #all -lace% # rley% near Maidenhead% !ro$ a !or$ o! in!antile 'aralysis. &t is believed that he beca$e in!ected with the ger$ which ca sed the in!antile 'aralysis while in Libya. Lady Clayton "ast Clayton% who has the consent o! the "gy'tian +overn$ent !or the e0'edition% e0'ects to be away !or so$e two $onths or so. $a,ly, within seven months of this e<pe,ition an, within ,ays of her A7th 3irth,ay, orothy herself was ,ea,. The following was among the first items in :illiam Hi./eyNs now famo-s so.iety .ol-mn in The aily E<press. 2n the e,ition for $eptem3er &)th &'++, at the very en, of The #ames ;a/e #ews .ol-mn, was a small paragraph as followsL KILLED YESTERDAY IN UNUSUAL AIRPLANE CRASH. LADY CLAYTON EAST CLAYTON Young attractive widow of young 9th Baronet. Married February 1932, husband died September 1932. Launched only a few weeks ago, new hairdressing fashion: over and through her blond hair were a sleek natural looking lock of black. WILLIAM HICKEY A few ,ays later on $eptem3er &'th &'++, at the top of page 7 in The E<press was splashe, the following hea,lineL T0o atal Days At Broo2lan)s; Gra(hic In<uest "tories %%%%%% %%%%%% LEAP TO DEAT! RACING +OTORI"T 9!O CRA"!ED

aily

AT ==> +ILE" AN !O:R ?The arti.le also in.l-,e, two photographs, one of La,y Clayton, a .lose9-p of her fa.e in her flying helmet. 2t is ,iffi.-lt to tell from the photo if it was ta/en at the time of her leap from the plane, or whether it was repro,-.e, from another o..asion. %n,er the photo was the .aptionL La,y Clayton 6-mpe, from her airplane at fifty miles an ho-r. The other photo was of 4lying !ffi.er :illiam Kent who gave evi,en.e at one of the other in=-ests. KGeath by Misadvent reL was ret rned in each o! the three inE ests held at *eybridge yesterday on the victi$s o! the tragic seE ence o! !atalities at (rooklands on Hriday and Sat rday. The victi$s were;Lady Clayton-"ast -Clayton% widow o! Sir @obert Clayton-"ast-Clayton the e0'lorer who !ell !ro$ her air'lane while it was $oving on the gro nd. Hlying O!!icer Leslie M. Hew% 'ilot o! an @)H 2ickers 2irginia bo$ber which crashed on landing; and Mr. M.(.*atson% the racing $otorist% whose $achine ca ght !ire and overt rned while he was co$'eting in the D66-$iles race........................?Then -ollo0e) )etails o- O e08s in<uest 0hich 0as hel) -irst*@ .................The !irst witness at the inE est on Lady Gorothy Mary Clayton -"ast-Clayton was her !ather% the @ev. )rth r G rrant who said that she was an e0'erienced 'ilot. Mr. Ma0 Hinlay% instr ctor at (rooklands )ero Cl b% said that Lady Clayton was a good a$ate r 'ilot. The air'lane involved was her own. #e had !lown in it with her on the day o! the accident and the 'revio s day. +eorge "dward Lawdell% an instr ctor who was sitting in another $achine% said that Lady ClaytonNs $achine s ddenly swerved to the le!t and then to the right. I saw her head and shoulders coming out of the cockpit as the machine was gathering speed. She stood up as if she were struggling to undo her safety belt, and jumped when the machine was racing along at fifty miles an hour. Major Coo'er% the air $inistry e0'ert% said that the only possible conclusion was that the throttle lever broke, and that Lady layton, acting on a sudden impulse leapt out without realising the speed of the machine. !he lever was e"posed to the weather, and the breaking was probably due to lack of lubrication. !hat matter was one entirely for the private owner. !he engine was #uite controllable even with the lever broken, and it was e"traordinary that she did not knock off the switches.......... ?The rest 0as an account o- +r* 9atson8s in<uest*@ Another national, The Times ran the following o3it-ary on $eptem3er AAn,L LADY CLAYTON EA"T CLAYTON

The ! neral o! Lady Clayton "ast Clayton took 'lace yesterday in Leverstock +reen Ch rchyard% #ert!ordshire% cond cted by the @ev. C.S. Carey and the @ev. Go glas -elly 8 ncle9. The chie! $o rners were;The @ev. ) G rrant 8!ather9% Major and Mrs +eorge )nson 8brother-in-law and sister9% Mr +.H. 1or$an G rrant 8 ncle9% Miss "lla G rrant 8a nt9% Mr. O Mrs. @eginald *oolley 8co sins9% the @ev. )rth r #ackblock 8 ncle9% Mr. @eginald +. G rrant 8co sin9% Mrs. Go glas -elly 8a nt9% (rigadier-+eneral Theodore -elly and Mrs. -elly 8 ncle O a nt9% Miss -a$ela -elly 8co sin9% Mrs +od!rey Law!ord and Mrs. Morti$er @owland 8a nts9% the #on. (lanche )r ndell% and Mrs. )da @osedale 8co sin9. Others 'resent incl ded;Lady Clayton-"ast% Miss Clayton-"ast% Colonel O Lady ?anet (ailey% Miss ?. (ailey% Mr. Go glas ?. (ailey% Mr. O.1.(ailey% Mrs. Mitchell &nnes% Miss -. Sey$o r% Miss ?. Sey$o r% the @ev. H.C.Clare% Miss ). Ca$'bell% Miss 1. Ca$'bell% Mrs.H. @odd% Mr. +.+.@.@odd% Mr. O Mrs. @odd% Mr. -eter @odd% the @ev. ).C. ?e!!eries% Miss Streat!ield% Mr. (rown Teders% Lie tenant-Co$$ander @ondell% Mr. )ndrew Tracey% Mr. Cla d (righten% Mr. -. *ebster and Mrs. ). T ke. 2t wo-l, seem that her ran/, .o-ple, with the fa.t that her ,eath was the res-lt of a flying a..i,ent, an, anything to ,o with flying at the time was news 9 espe.ially if it involve, a woman 9 p-t the story of La,y orothyNs ,eath very m-.h into the national, rather than lo.al s.ene. #o ,o-3t , #ational papers other than The Times an, The E<press .arrie, arti.les on her, an, her ,eath was also note, in spe.ialist 6o-rnals of the ,ay. 4light maga>ine, for $eptem3er A&st &'++ reporte, as followsL Accidents at Brooklands - It is with the greatest regret that FLIGHT has to record the death of Lady Clayton East-Clayton, which took place at Brooklands aerodrome on Friday September 15th. It appears that as she was about to take off., and when the machine was travelling across the ground, Lady Clayton climbed on to the edge of the cockpit abs dropped out on to the aerodrome. If, as at seems most likely, the throttle of the machine in some way or other jammed or broke off near the hand lever, it is difficult to explain why the pilot did not resort to the obvious remedy of switching off the engine. Another accident also occurred at Brooklands on the same day, due it seems to an error or judgement on the part of the pilot..... Half a .ent-ry later in the Hintage Air.raft ;aga>ine, ?#o AB, A-t-mn &'B+G, the following eyewitness a..o-nt of La,y orothyNs ,eath was reporte, 3y 8ill 8o,,y in his reminis.en.es on 8roo/lan,s as he remem3ere, itL ..........But there was a dark side. I was there when Lady Clayton East-Clayton somehow contrived to fall out of her Spartan Arrow right in front of the Clubhouse as she was taking off one September morning in 1933. Her injuries were fatal and the aeroplane had to remain there until the Air Ministry Accident Inspector arrived, to Duncan Davis disgust as he thought this uncondusive to Club recruitment.. The arti.le also in.l-,e, a st-nning aerial view of the 8roo/lan,s Aero Cl-3, an, s-rro-n,ing ra.e tra./, as well as a photograph of La,y orothyNs $partan Arrow plane, G9ACH4 9 3efore the fatal a..i,ent. 2n a very long letter to me .on.erning the .rash in ;ay &''B, 8ill 8o,,y en.lose, a photo.opy of the photo of the air.raft whi.h he ins.ri3e,. The following long arti.le is from the Hemel Hempstea, Ga>ette of $at-r,ay $eptem3er A+ &'++L

TRAGIC DEATH OF VICAR'S DAUGHTER KILLED AT BROOKLANDS FUNERAL AT LEVERSTOCK GREEN The people of the district were profoundly shocked on Friday last to hear the news of the tragic death of Lady Clayton East Clayton, the explorer, and daughter of the Rev. and late Mrs Durrant of Leverstock Green. Lady Clayton East Clayton was killed when she fell from an aeroplane at Brooklands. The machine was taxiing along the ground at about 60 miles an hour, just before taking off, when Lady Clayton fell or jumped from the cockpit, striking the ground with great force. HUNT FOR LOST OASIS Sir Robert Clayton East Clayton died at his home, Hall Place, Hurley, near Maidenhead, almost exactly a year ago from a mysterious disease believed to have been contracted while searching for a lost oasis in the Libyan desert. He met Lady Clayton on an ocean voyage and they were married on Leap Year Day last year. As Miss Dorothy Durrant she had already achieved a reputation as a sculptress. Sir Robert was then 24 and an officer in the Royal Navy. The couple decided to devote themselves to exploring. Their first mission was to discover the lost oasis of Zerzuza. They went to Egypt and obtained permission of the Egyptian authorities to carry out their quest. Sir Robert went alone by motor and aeroplane, leaving Lady Clayton behind. The expedition was unsuccessful and Sir Robert returned to England, where he fell ill and died suddenly last September. Last February, a year after her marriage, Lady Clayton made a second attempt by aeroplane to discover the lost oasis. She was accompanied by a reserve pilot, LtComdr. Raundall. This expedition also failed. THE INQUEST The inquest was held on Monday and the Rev. A. Durrant gave evidence. He said that his daughter was an experienced air pilot. Max Finlay, a flying instructor to the Brooklands club, said Lady Clayton - East Clayton was a very good amateur pilot, she held an "A" licence. She had been flying alone for about 18 months. The machine was a light aeroplane of the Spartan type, new this year, and was her own property. Apart from another member of the club who flew to Folkestone, four or five weeks ago, nobody had been in it apart from Lady Clayton and himself. On the morning of the accident he flew in the machine with Lady Clayton. He was in the front cockpit, where he had the controls. but Lady Clayton actually controlled the machine during the half hour they were in the air. Mr Finlay explained that although Lady Clayton was a good pilot, it was not unusual for owners to invite the instructor to take the first flight of the day with them. She had not been in the machine for four or five weeks, except on a flight the day before, as she had been abroad.

While she was away the machine was in a Brooklands Aero Club hangar. It would not be overhauled without her instructions, and she had not given any. The broken control rod of the machine was produced in court. The coroner (to Mr Finlay): If the control rod broke away, what would happen? The throttle would remain where it was. If it were open it would remain open. And Lady Clayton being in the back would have no means of stopping the engine? Yes, she would, There was the switch. All she had to do was to put her hand over the side and switch off. Did she know that? Oh yes. She had used the switches. Mr Finlay agreed with Major Cooper (Air Ministry inspector of accidents) that it was customary for private owners to have their machines looked over at the end of very 25 hours' flying. As his machine had been flying about 25 hours she would probably have had it looked over shortly. Ernest Nicholls, chief inspector of the Spartan Aircraft Company who had made the machine, said it left the works on June 28th. The throttle control lever which had broken off was obviously rusty. After it had broken off , the thing to do was switch off the engine with the other lever. Mr Nicholls agreed that if the lever came off in the pilot's hand when the machine was taking off it would be very embarrassing and possibly difficult. George Edward Lowdell, an aviation instructor, said he was sitting in his machine, ready to take off, when he saw Lady Clayton's machine suddenly swerve to the left and then to the right. Then he saw her head and shoulders completely out of the cockpit. The machine meanwhile was gathering speed. "She stood up in the machine as if she were struggling and endeavouring to undo her safety belt." Mr Lowdell continued: "She got her right foot out on the right side of the fuselage and then jumped when the machine was racing along at about 50 miles per hour." Marcus Michael Kaye said he was sitting outside the clubhouse watching the flying and saw Lady Clayton's machine swerve. "As it came opposite the clubhouse I saw the pilot apparently getting out of the machine. She fumbled with her safety belt and stood up in the pilot's seat. Then she leapt or was thrown from the machine. She turned a somersault as she fell to the ground. Dr Gardner said Lady Clayton was unconscious when she was admitted to hospital. She had a broken arm and bruises on the head. Her condition was hopeless and she died within about an hour from cerebral haemorrhage due to a fracture of the skull. The fracture was consistent with falling on the hard ground. Major Cooper said the only defect in the machine not manifestly due to the crash was the broken throttle control lever and rod. He thought that the lever could have been

operated satisfactorily if it had not been allowed to become rusty. The fracture was probably the result of lack of lubrication. A verdict of "Death from misadventure" was returned. THE FUNERAL The funeral of Lady Clayton East Clayton took place at Leverstock Green Church on Thursday. The clergy and choir preceding the cortege were met at the church door by the crucifix, thurifier and acolytes. Psalms 39 and 90 were chanted and the Rev. Douglas Pelly, uncle of the deceased, read the lesson. The service and committal rites at the graveside were conducted by the Rev. C. S. Cary, of St Saviour's. St Albans. The hymn "Abide with me" was sung, and Mrs Grimwood, who was at the organ, played as the cortege left the church, "Pleasant are They Courts Above". The grave was next to that of Lady Clayton East Clayton's mother and had been lined with variegated ivy, Michaelmas daisies and asters. Rain fell heavily throughout the solemn service but this did not prevent a large number of villagers attending to pay a last tribute of respect. :hen 2 first rea, the a3ove Ga>ette report, not only was 2 sa,,ene, 3y her story, 3-t fo-n, it very easy to pi.t-re as 2 was intimately a=-ainte, with 8roo/lan,s an, :ey3ri,ge Cottage Hospital where she wo-l, have 3een ta/en after the a..i,ent. ;y father move, from the 2sle of :ight to wor/ at Hi./ers9Armstrong, the air.raft man-fa.t-rers 3ase, at 8roo/lan,s ?:ey3ri,ge, in $-rreyG in &'II, where he .ontin-e, to wor/ -ntil his retirement in &'B+ 9 tho-gh 3y then it was /nown as 8ritish Aerospa.e. The most famo-s of all the aeroplanes ,esigne, at 8roo/lan,s, an, on whi.h 3oth my parents wor/e, 3eing Con.or,e. ;y mother also wor/e, there from a3o-t &')+, an, for m-.h of that time she wor/e, in an offi.e imme,iately ne<t ,oor to the 8roo/lan,s Cl-3ho-se, ?3-ilt in &'(7 when 8roo/lan,s was 3-ilt as the worl,Ns first motor9ra.ing tra./,G whi.h for most of the time 2 /new it serve, as one of the .anteens or Othe messP for the white9.ollar staff at the fa.tory. :hat was left of the motor9ra.ing tra./way an, em3an/ment was an integral part of the fa.tory. The Aero Cl-3ho-se 9 a &'+(Ns Art9 e.o 3-il,ing, was on the 8yfleet si,e of the tra./, an, ha, only 6-st 3een opene, at the time of orothyNs fatal a..i,ent imme,iately in front of it. This 3-il,ing is still stan,ing, an, is now part of the 8roo/lan,s ;-se-m. 2t is also fre=-ently filme, for its ar.hite.t-ral style an, ha, feat-re, in episo,es of Poirot an, similar ,ramas set in the early &'+(Ns. 2n A(('FA(&( the area o-tsi,e the .l-3ho-se was also -se, as the ven-e for a sesion of The 88C1s Anti=-es "oa,show, an, feat-re, in one of the episo,es of 5ames ;ay1s Toys on 88CA. :hen my parents wor/e, at 8ritish Aerospa.e it was -se, as the $ports an, $o.ial Cl-3 for the staff, an, 2 ha, atten,e, several f-n.tions there over the years. ;ost people will 3e familiar with the filmL Those ;agnifi.ent ;en 2n Their 4lying ;a.hines. Altho-gh set in the pre 4irst :orl, :ar Years, rather than the early thirties of orothyNs time, it 4eat-re, the Great Air "a.eC the film was a paro,y of what a.t-ally too/ pla.e at 8roo/lan,s an, the Great Air "a.e of &'&&. 8roo/lan,s was .alle, 8roo/ley in the film, 3-t in.l-,e, many real film .lips from

8roo/lan,s, an, everyone who remem3ers the film will remem3er the sewage wor/s, an, the ,ome of the Cl-3ho-se -se, as a loo/o-t an, from whi.h the fire9engine was s-mmone, every time a plane .rash lan,e,. These feat-res really e<iste,, an, the smell from the sewerage wor/s was part of my .hil,hoo,@ Pilots overshooting the small r-nway at 8roo/lan,s fre=-ently en,e, -p sampling its waters@ "ea,ing on 2 was shattere, to fin, my gran,father 9Ernest #i.holls 9 mentione, in the a..o-nt of the in=-est. As far as 2 /new at the time he ha, wor/e, for $a-n,ers9"oe at East Cowes on the 2sle of :ight. As he ha, retire, shortly after 2 was 3orn, an, ,ie, when 2 was ' 2 ha, not 3een familiar with what he ha, ,one. 2t t-rns o-t that the $partan Company was a s-3si,iary of $a-n,ers9"oeC an, that Gran,,a, ha, risen to 3e.ome not only their Chief 2nspe.tor of Air.raft for $partan an, $a-n,ers9"oe, 3-t also prior to the esta3lishment of the Air "egistration 3oar,, he was area s-rveyor for Lloy,s "egister of $hipping in .onne.tion with iss-ing air worthiness .ertifi.ates to planes. 2t was therefore not really s-rprising that he sho-l, 3e .alle, to give evi,en.e at orothyNs in=-est. ;artin, the 3oys an, 2 were sp-rre, into a nostalgi. ,ays o-ting to the 8roo/lan,s ;-se-m, 3-t they ha, no information a3o-t orothy other than that whi.h 2 .o-l, give them, an, to whi.h 2 .an now a,,. 2 wrote to ame 8ar3ara Cartlan, who was an important mem3er of the 8roo/lan,s ;otor "a.ing Cl-3 in the &'A(Ns an, +(Ns an, who also flew her own planes at 8roo/lan,s, 3-t she .o-l, not re.olle.t orothy at all. A helpf-l mem3er of staff from The 2sle of :ight Co-nty Press has sent me a .opy of my gran,fatherNs o3it-ary, an, has promise, to see if they .an fin, a report on the in.i,ent in the Co-nty Press of the time, as the plane ha,nNt long left the $partan wor/s on the 2slan, when the fatal a..i,ent o..-rre,. This was never forth.oming. 4or anyone wishing for an en6oya3le o-ting, 2 wo-l, re.ommen, a visit to the 8roo/lan,s ;-se-m. The ol, .l-3ho-se has 3een lovingly restore, an, has lots of interesting e<hi3its in.l-,ing many early a-tomo3iles an, ra.ing .ars as well as a history of the motor ra.ing in,-stry. They have a restore, O;otoring HillageP 6-st as it wo-l, have 3een in the &'+(Ns, an, the remaining se.tion of ra.ing em3an/ment is a tr-ly impressive site, espe.ially when viewe, from the ;em3ers 8ri,ge. They also have a large ,isplay of air.raft, most of whi.h were 3-ilt or flown at 8roo/lan,s, in.l-,ing Con.or,e an, the :ellington 8om3er p-lle, o-t of Lo.h #ess not so many years ago. 2t is a m-se-m well worth a trip aro-n, the ;AI to rea.h, an, of interest to all age gro-ps. 2t wo-l, seem yo- .an also get marrie, there these ,ays 9 on Con.or,e if wishe,@ Telephone the ;-se-m on (&'+A BI7+B& for a leaflet giving ,etails an, how to get there. "et-rning to the ,ays following orothy1s ,eath, THE T2;E$ p-3lishe, the following within a .o-ple of ,ays of one anotherL The Times, September 16th 1933 LADY CLAYTON KILLED ______ AN AEROPLANE ACCIDENT

Lady Clayton East Clayton, widow of Sir Robert Clayton East Clayton, who was died last year, was killed yesterday morning at Brooklands by falling from an aeroplane in which she was about to make a short flight. By a remarkable coincidence The Times is able to publish today an article of exceptional interest by Lady Clayton East Clayton. Her husband paid with his life for his zeal for exploration in the Libyan Desert, and when he died his widow resolved to carry out, if possible, his unfinished task. She spent over three months in the spring of this year in a courageous effort to trace the lost oasis of Zerzura. The article from her pen, printed on pages 11 & 12, which describes her journey, reached The Times yesterday afternoon a few hours after her death. Precisely how the accident at Brooklands happened is not clear event to those who saw it. Lady Clayton East Clayton was alone in the light aeroplane, and had begun to taxi it into position for the takeoff. For some reason at present unexplained, she lost control if it and got out while it was travelling at a fair speed across the aerodrome. Her fall appeared not to be a very heavy one, but on examination at Weybridge Cottage Hospital, it was found that her skull was fractured. She died two hours after the accident. The reason for her climbing out of the cockpit is obscure. One view was that she became alarmed at the acceleration of the aeroplane, and that possibly the throttle lever had jammed. This has not been established yet, nor is there any explanation of her failure, if this was the case, to switch off the magneto, which would have stopped the engine. The alternative, on an engine of this size, would have been to open the throttle fully and let the aeroplane take off. It is assumed that, after falling from the machine, Lady Clayton East Clayton was struck by some part of it, and so suffered the injury which caused her death. IN leaving the cockpit she apparently put the control column forward, for the tail lifted, and putting its nose down, the machine turned over. The Times, September 16th 1933

*A memoir appears on page 12. THE LOST OASIS _______________ ACROSS THE SAND SEA ____ POSTHUMOUS NARRATIVE In the following article Lady Clayton East Clayton, who met with a fatal accident at Brooklands yesterday, tells the story of her attempt to find the lost oasis of Zerzura in the Libyan desert, which her late husband also attempted without success to find. The account reached The Times yesterday afternoon shortly after her death. _______________ By the late Lady Clayton East Clayton In the course of an aerial survey which my husband made in 1932 he observed a large well-wooded wadi on the eastern edge of the Gilf Kebir which at the time he believed to mark the site of the legendary oasis of Zerzura, the oasis of birds. It was impossible

then to make a landing, but the possibility that he had discovered the solution of this great puzzle remained in his mind. After my husbands death I determined to finish the work of discovery we had begun. The Gilf Kebir is the great flat plateau bounded by steep cliffs and interested with deeply eroded valleys which lies at the southern end of the Sand Sea and forms a barrier almost as impassable between the Libyan oases of Kufra and Owenat and the Nile Valley and it satellite oases of Baharia, Farafra, and Dakhla. It was accordingly with this end in view that I started out from Cairo last March. I had originally intended to use the aeroplane I had brought out from England in the survey, but local conditions convinced me that it would prove rather a source of worry and danger than a help. I and Commander Roundell, who accompanied me, decided therefore to rely on lorries and camels for our transport. While in Cairo I had the good fortune to be put in touch with Sir Ahmet Hasseinein, without whose assistance it is very doubtful if my expedition would have materialised at all. [MAP}] Hasseinein, whose duties to his King have all too long deprived geography of one of its most brilliant explorers, arranged for me to join forces with P.A. Clayton, who was just off on one of his periodical surveys in the area I was bound for. This fortunate coincidence enormously increased the chances of obtaining valuable scientific results. Our transport consisted of six Ford lorries, four of Claytons and two of mine, and the personnel, besides the Europeans of 12 Arabs. Though prepared by the experience of other travellers, I must admit I was surprised by the performance of our lorries. Neither the cliffs of the Gilf nor the looses sands of the dune sea could provide a serious obstacle for them, and though in the course of the expedition we did break two back axles, all of the lorries were brought safely back to Cairo. Our first stop after leaving Cairo was the oasis of Baharia, where we rested and made up deficiencies in our equipment. This beautiful oasis is thickly inhabited and intensively cultivated, the fresh green giving an impression of unsurpassed luxuriance by contrast with the aridness of the desert. From Baharia we moved to Ain Dalla, a small pool of fairly good water just under the eastern edge of the Sand Sea. Ain Dalla was to become our base for water supplies, for our survey of the waterless country on the western side. Everything depended on the success with which we could organise and maintain communications across the Sand Sea with the camp which we intended to establish on the other side. Our lorries proved themselves equal to this task. No fewer than four double crossings were made, the trip taking about two days each way, and at no time did we feel cut off by this apparently formidable barrier. STREETS IN THE SAND The dunes of the Sand Sea, for most of its length, consist in long ridges running roughly north and south. Between them are streets of comparatively firm sand. The eastern slopes of these ridges are gradual and fairly easy to manage, but the leeward slopes on the west are steep and the sand is loose and tricky. At first, before we became experienced in driving over dunes, we had some trouble with these western slopes. The sand haze and the monotony of the colour as one drives across the crest of a dune

are deceptive. Before one notices it the car has come to the western edge and is hurtling down a steep slope of loose and with its cargo of passengers tumbled in a heap in the back. Gradually, however, we learnt to watch the colour and texture of he sand, and mishaps of this kind became fewer. From our camp on the western side we made a series of trips to the south-east, where the Sand Sea abuts on the Gilf. In the course of one of these we established a camp in an area where large quantities of glass were scattered over the soil. This glass, which is probably of cosmic origin, varies from light bottle green to almost pure white and appears to have some kind of affinity with the darker Moldavites found in the Balkans. Its distribution seemed to indicate an impact and burst, being thick in the centre of the area and more scattered towards the circumference. The geographical results of the surveys are in the course of preparation and will in due course be published. Before returning north to Western camp, and in order to replenish our water and petrol supplies, Commander Roundell and myself decided to make an expedition to Kufra, which we reached by striking the Kufra Abu Mungar Road and following it westwards. The road is one of the hardest of the North African Caravan routes, evidence of its terrors being the white bones of the camels which are the travellers guide along almost its whole length. At Kufra the Italians gave us a great welcome. I had previously on my way out by air made acquaintance with the hospitality of the Italian Air Force Mess and knew that we should find friends; but I was almost overcome with their welcome. I should also like to place on record that both in Italy and North Africa it would be impossible to find greater helpfulness, hospitality, and good company than with the Italian Air Force. During this and another visit to Kufra a week or two later, I made a tour of several of the villages of the oasis. The Arab population has somewhat declined as a result of the occupation, the uncompromising fanaticism of the Sennusiya making it difficult for them to live at close quarters with the Italians. Many wandered out into the desert to die of starvation and thirst after resistance had been broken in 1931. Others crossed the border into Egyptian territory. The Tebbu population, who were the inhabitants of the soasis before the Arabs came, have been less affected by the change. In Kufra they are sedentary and much easier to get on with than their fierce nomadic kinsmen in Tibesti. The Tebbu are a negroid stock, and their clean and tidy dwellings built of palm folds provide a striking contrast to the squalid and dirty houses of their Arab neighbours. We returned from Kiffra to the Gilf and made a survey of the top of the plateau. The car was successfully got up the steep cliffs , but getting it down again nearly ended in tragedy. With all the brakes jammed on and the whole crew holding on for all they were worth, the feat of tobogganing it down was accomplished. This finally convinced us that there is no country which cannot be traversed with a little optimism and a Ford lorry. THE JOURNEY TO SIWA After another trip to Kufra we set out to explore the mysterious Wadi which I had seen from the air. We found the entrance on the eastern side and penetrated some way along it , though a shortage of petrol and water limited our movements. The wadi is well wooded, and we saw a considerable amount of animal life. There were birds and there were foxes, one of which I photographed, but we found no surface water. It is possible that there may be pools in the rocks further up the valley. In one ravine we found a cemetery of mountain sheep. Hundreds of skeletons were piled one on top of another

in a narrow cleft. Whether it is the place where mountain sheep go to die, or a herd was overtaken by some catastrophe, it is difficult to say. There is, so far as I know, no parallel to this place of death. After this expedition we rejoined Clayton and proceeded to Western Camp to prepare for our journey north to Siwa. Clayton was anxious to make the journey through the middle of the whole length of the Sand Sea. A feat which would appear barely possible, but we accomplished it with really very little difficulty. Sometimes we would drive along the crests of the dunes and sometimes in the streets between them, and all the time the going was easier than it had been during the east to west strips between Western Camp and Ain Dalla. From Siwa the journey home to Cairo over the Quattara depression was dull and uneventful. WE reached Cairo after being away just over a month, with all the members of the expedition and the lorries being none the worse. We had covered a wide area of unexplored country, filling in many of the gaps which Clayton himself and the other great travellers, Major Bagnold, Hasseinein Bay, and Prince Kemal ed Din left for their successors, and we had proved that much useful work can be done even with such limited resources. If the problem of Zerzura still remains unsolved, and area which there are wadis with trees and some vegetation has been found. There may even be more than one such valley where recently none was known o exist. When all these have been visited and the oasis of Birds has still not been located then we shall have narrowed down even further the Zerzura problem, perhaps to vanishing point: but until that has been done the lost oasis is still there to be found. * Illustrations of page 14 [These were two photographs showing a view from and the oasis itself of Siwa.] cont............ Obituary ============= LADY CLAYTON EAST CLAYTON _________ TRAVELLER AND EXPLORER Lady Clayton East Clayton, an article by whom and an account of whose death are published on other pages, was the widow of Sir Robert Clayton East Clayton, Bt., the explorer, who died last September from a disease which it is believed he contracted in the Tropics.. Before her marriage to Sir Robert of February 29th 1932, she was Miss Dorothy Mary Durrant, being the daughter of the Rev. Arthur Durrant, vicar of Leverstock Green, Hertfordshire. Her husband who was ninth Baronet of Marden and fifth and last Baronet of Hall Place, had succeeded his father in both baronetcies in 1926. Soon after the marriage Sir Robert set out with Count L.F. de Almasy to explore the unknown are of the Libyan Desert north of the Gilf Kebir, and to find the legendary lost oasis called Zerzura. After being lost for several days in the desert and suffering sever hardships the expedition returned without achieving its object. A full account of the adventure, a map and illustrations were published in The Times of July 6th 1932. In a few weeks Sir Robert

was dead. He developed a disease similar to infantile paralysis, and though respiration was induced by an automatic apparatus he died on September 1st at the age of 24. Lady Clayton East Clayton, determined, if possible, to fulfil her husbands ambition. In February this year she set out on an attempt to find this last undiscovered oasis in a chain which formed an old caravan route from the Sudan to the coast. Before she left she said I am only carrying on my husbands work. We always did this sort of work together. He left with his work unfinished. I want to try and finish it off. She took with her husbands plans and maps, flew her own aeroplane and travelled unarmed. Before she left Hanworth, she had to obtain the permission of the Egyptian Government to carry out the search. Her courageous effort, however, in turn proved unsuccessful and she returned in May. On the 29th of that month she was present at the meeting of the Royal Geographical Society, when Major Bagnolds account of his last journey through the Libyan Desert was read. She was herself to have lectured to the Society in the coming season. In June Lady Clayton East Clayton was in London. making arrangements for a trek across Lapland, and from that journey she returned only five days ago. It was foreign to her nature to be idle, and she met her death at Brooklands when engaged in aviation, which occupied an important place among her varied interests. Always an enthusiastic believer in air travel, she was herself a very experienced pilot. Lady Clayton East Clayton was herself a talented sculptor, and her home, as well as the vicarage of Leverstock Green contained many examples of her work. Transcribed by Barbara Chapman August 11th-13th 1999

* A memoir appears on page 12. A f-rther item appeare, in The Times a few ,ays later. Altho-gh the writer was merely =-ote, as a Corresepon,ant, 2 3eleive this may have 3een written 3y her father, who also wrote items to o-r lo.al paper as !-r $pe.al Correspon,ent, 3-t as its 3eleive, that he later 3lesse, their marriage, it is more li/ely to 3e a .lose family frien,, many of whom were also mem3ers of the .lergy. Times, September 19th 1933 LADY CLAYTON EAST CLAYTON A correspondent writes:There is such vivid picture in my mind of the last time I saw Peter as we all called her, that I will share it if I may, with the many friends who are shaken by the sorrow of her sudden passing. It was two days before her marriage. (If I have not seen her since, it is because some of us live in quiet corners where the younger ones can find us on the rare occasions they need us.) She was sitting on the hearth-rug in the flickering firelight to tell me all about Robert; his strength and fearlessness, and his dream that was soon to become an attempt to achieve the finding of the lost oasis. She was so happy, and so completely one with him in his enterprise with no possible thought of loss for herself. One could see how she loved him. When we think how brief was their time together here, can any one of us grudge her the radiant happiness of her reunion? To outward seeming these two young lives have fallen to the earth with broken wing - have fallen

into the ground and died. But to us who believe, their youth is renewed, for they are risen. The gifts entrusted to them - her sensitive perception of beauty, with the power to reproduce it in loveliness of form and colour; their courage and endurance, their spirit of high adventure, and their personality goes on - purified and irradiated - in higher service. We, rather, seem the dead who stay behind. orothyNs :ill 7th #ovem3er &'++ 9 2n the :ills an, 8e=-ests se.tion of OThe TimesP was the followingL O ame orothy ;ary Clayton East Clayton of ;ai,enhea, 8er/shire, e<plorer an, traveller, who ,ie, at 8roo/lan,s on $eptem3er &Ith, left estate of the gross val-e of QA, BD+ with net personality of Q7AB.P KThe Times, 7th #ovem3er &'++.M 2n to,ay1s terms that is Q&I(,(((.(( -sing the retail pri.e in,e< or QI)I,(((.(( -sing average earnings. KLawren.e H. !ffi.er, EP-r.hasing Power of 8ritish Po-n,s from &A)D to Present,E ;eas-ring:orth, A(('. 8-t f-rther revelations were to follow, -ltimately res-lting in a High Co-rt Case. !n April &(th the following year ?&'+DG in the Kings 8en.h ivision, 3efore ;r 5-sti.e 8ranson, a f-ll a..o-nt of whi.h appeare, in The Times for April &Ath that year, an, e<tra.ts from whi.h 2 =-ote 3elowL His Lorship gave judgement for the defendants, Provident Mutual Life Assurance, in this action brought by Miss Blanche Mary Arundell, as executrix of the will of Lady Claton East Clayton, who was killed in a flying accident at Brooklands on September 15th 1933, which raised a question of the construction of a policy of life assurance. Lady Clayton's husband, Sir Robert Clayton East Clayton, died intestate in 1932, and at the material time she had an income for her life from his estate of between 3,000 & 40000 a year..............She had given a power or attorney to Mr Francis Rennell Rodd, and he....had arrangedwith the agents of the defendents for the assurance of Lady Clayton's life for a sum of 2000 at a premium of 29 a year. The policy contained a special provision.............. Mr W.T.Monkton, K.C. and Mr Valentine Holmes appeared for the plaintiff: Sir William Jowitt K.C. and Mr. Harold Murphey for the defendents................. ........His Lorsdhip, in giving judgement, said the words of the policy specifically prohibited any flying not authorised by the policy itself, it was contended that the reference to racing or exhibition flights was redundant unless lfying generally, unlessaprt from the Egyptian expedition, was contemplated..........he held therefore that on the construction of the policy as it stood all flying was prohibited except the Egyptian expedition........ ..............he was satisfied thatthe association never intended an unrestricted right to fly alone after Lady Clayton had returned from Egypt ....he held therefore that onboth heads the claim failed, and there must be judgement for the defendents...... This arti.le raise, several points. 4irstly it appeare, to .ontra,i.t an earlier item in the Times following $ir "o3ert1s ,eath, when it was state, -n,er the hea,ing EAmongst the Latest :illsLE that $ir "o3ert Clayton East Clayton, Ith 8aronet, ".#. ha, left an estate the gross val-e of whi.h was Q&+A,'+A of whi.h net personality was QAI,ABA. $e.on,ly ?an, a sight of her will may answer thisG why ,i, the e<e.-tri< go to the 3other an, .onsi,era3le e<pense of ta/ing the ins-ran.e to the High Co-rt when it was fairly o3vio-s she wo-l,nt win, an,

orothy ,i,n1t have any .hil,ren of her own to leave her money to. Thir,ly wo-l, aviators e<pe.t to ins-re thier lives int eh &'+(1s. orothy 0 the lin/ to The English Patient. 8-t orothyNs story was not to en, there. The film .rew who ha, originally set me off on f-rther ,etaile, resear.h into the -rrants, also le, to the near .ertainty that orothy -rrant was the real life inspiration for the heroin in the 3oo/ The English Patient. The following are two arti.les 2 wrote for Cham3ers3-ry #ews whi.h will e<plain. OThe English PatientP at Holy Trinity. 2 never imagine, when 2 3egan ,elving into the history of Leversto./ Green, that 2 wo-l, en, -p spen,ing three ho-rs wan,ering aro-n, an, in Holy Trinity f-lly wire, for so-n,, virt-ally 3lin, ?as 2 ha, whilst insi,e the .h-r.h to remove my glasses as they refle.te, 3a,ly in the .amera lens@G, an, a..ompanie, 3y a five man film .rew whilst 3eing interviewe, to .amera for a Television ,o.-mentary. Even less ,i, 2 imagine that the story of an a,vent-ro-s ,a-ghter of one of o-r past Hi.arNs wo-l, t-rn o-t to have 3een the inspiration for a .hara.ter in a novel, whi.h s-3se=-ently was t-rne, into an e<tremely s-..essf-l an, well /now film. Tr-th often t-rns o-t stranger than fi.tion, an, there have 3een plenty of interesting twists an, t-rns in this parti.-lar tale. Those of yo- who rea, my arti.les last year on La,y orothy Clayton East Clayton nRe -rrant, ,a-ghter of Holy TrinityNs Hi.ar "ev. Arth-r -rrant, will re.all that she ,ie, tragi.ally in $eptem3er &'++, age, only A), as a res-lt of an air.raft a..i,ent at 8roo/lan,s in $-rrey. $he was 3-rie, in Holy TrinityNs .h-r.hyar, ne<t ,oor to her mother, an, three years later her father was lai, to rest on her other si,e. orothy ha, 3een the yo-ngest of the -rrant .hil,ren, an, the only one to 3e 3orn an, 3ro-ght -p in Leversto./ Green. $he ,i,nNt go to the village s.hool, 3-t ha, a governess at the Hi.arage to provi,e her e,-.ation. Little is /now a3o-t orothy -ntil her marriage to $ir "o3ert Clayton East Clayton on 4e3r-ary A'th &'+A at a Lon,on "egistry offi.e, other than she ha, apparently ma,e something of a name for herself as a s.-lptress. $ir "o3ert was an offi.er in the "oyal #avy, atta.he, to the "A4, an, they apparently met whilst on an o.ean voyage. After their marriage they anno-n.e, they were going to ,evote their lives to e<ploration, an, it wasnNt long 3efore they set off to the Li3yan esert, together with Co-nt La,islas NAlmasy, other "A4 personnel, an, a mem3er of the Egyptian Government esert $-rvey to try to fin, a lost !asis. 2t is however, -n.lear whether this e<pe,ition was a military one or a p-rely personal enterprise. A few months after their ret-rn from this faile, e<pe,ition $ir "o3ert was ta/en fatally ill with what was reporte, to have 3een a type of a.-te anterior poliomyelitis, s-ppose,ly pi./e, -p whilst $ir "o3ert was in the Li3yan esert. A year following $ir "o3ertNs ,eath orothy is /nown to have gone 3a./ to the esert to see if she .o-l, fin, the lost oasisC later travelling on an e<pe,ition to Laplan,.

orothy was an e<perien.e pilot, an, it was whilst manoevering her $partan Arrow plane in front of the newly 3-ilt 8roo/lan,s Aero Cl-3 3-il,ing, that the throttle leaver apparently 3ro/e. Evi,en.e is somewhat .onf-sing after that, 3-t it wo-l, seem that orothy either 6-mpe, o-t of the plane or was thrown o-t, 3-t she somersa-lte, an, hit her hea, on the har, r-nway s-rfa.e. The in6-ry prove, fatal. There ha, always seeme, to me an, many others who rea, the a..o-nts of the in=-est an, vario-s other reports, that there was something not =-ite right a3o-t the whole a..i,ent, parti.-larly given that the plane was only a few moths ol, an, as it was still A-t-mn ha,nNt yet 3een e<pose, to the vagaries of a 8ritish winterC in a,,ition the plane ha, 3een flown =-ite happily an, 6ointly 3y orothy an, an instr-.tor earlier that ,ay witho-t pro3lems. Yet ,espite this, the throttle leaver ha, 3ro/en off .ompletely 9a..or,ing to .ontemporary reports it was s-ggeste, that it ha, r-ste, thro-gh an, was la./ing in l-3ri.ation. Altho-gh not impossi3le, this ,oes seem highly impro3a3le. :hi.h 3rings me 3a./ to the film .rew. 5anet !sen, a resear.her who wor/s for 4o-r 4eathers 4ilm 2n.. from #ew 5ersey in the $tates has -n,erta/en some resear.h whi.h is ten,ing to s-ggest that the a..i,ent to the plane may have 3een as a res-lt of sa3otage 9 an, it is 6-st remotely possi3le that her h-s3an,Ns ,eath was too. :hen they went on the e<pe,ition to Li3ya, $ir "o3ert was a..ompanie, 3y a Co-nt La,islas NAlmasy. ?He was later to atten, orothyNs f-neral.G Yet it is reporte, that there was e<treme animosity 3etween orothy an, the Co-nt, tho-gh no one seeme, to /now why. At the time of 3oth the original e<pe,ition, an, later orothyNs own, the sit-ation in E-rope was 3eginning to hea, towar,s war. Perhaps orothy an, her h-s3an, ha, st-m3le, on something in the ,esert they sho-l,nNt /now a3o-t, or perhaps the Co-nt ha, affinities with the growing power of Hitler an, #a>i GermanyC perhaps he resente, orothyNs infl-en.e as a new wife over $ir "o3ert. Altho-gh spe.-lation, there is eno-gh .ir.-mstantial evi,en.e to ma/e the whole story of $ir "o3ert an, La,y orothy their e<plorations an, their tragi. ,eaths an important part of a series of Ameri.an TH ,o.-mentaries entitle, O;irageL The :orl, :ar 22 esert $eriesP. :hat ma/es it even more interesting is that it wo-l, seem Leversto./ GreenNs own orothy -rrant was the real life person on whom the .hara.ter Katherine Clifton in the novel OThe English PatientP was loosely 3ase,. The novel whi.h was s-3se=-ently t-rne, into an awar, winning film 3y Anthony ;inghella. ?Another family asso.iation here as he too .ame from the 2sle of :ightG #early seventy9years after her ,eath, orothyNs story meant that the f-ll paraphernalia of a roving film .rew 9 .ameraman, lighting man, so-n, man, the ,ire.tor an, the resear.her, together with their ,river an, mo-ntains of e<tremely hi te.h e=-ipment ,es.en,e, on Holy Trinity whi.h 3e.ame an Oo-tsi,e lo.ationP for three ho-rs. The ver,i.t of the film .rew was that they were really gla, they .ame ?originally the intention was to interview me in Lon,onG as not only was the .h-r.h Oreal pretty, an, loo/s 6-st li/e the ol, pi.t-resP, the graveyar, was loo/ing at its 3est, with n-mero-s wil, flowers in f-ll 3loom, an, there was plenty of .olo-r from the plants in the 3or,ers. The s-n shone over everything, an, even 3-shes were in 6-st the right pla.es to s.reen o-t the Trinity "oom an, the oil tan/ 9this please the .ameraman greatly.

However, having to,ay 3een wal/e, .ontin-o-sly ro-n, the .h-r.hyar, in the very hot s-n, sometimes 3a./war,s whilst ma/ing s-re 2 ,i,nNt loo/ ,ire.tly at the .amera, or trip over the so-n, re.or,istC then 3oile, 3y great 3an/s of lights insi,e the .h-r.h whilst a h-ge 3oom hovere, over my hea, an, 2 was ma,e to repeat a phrase for the -mpteenth time, 2 have ,e.i,e, that film a.tors an, TH personalities perhaps have to wor/ har,er than 2 ha, tho-ght@ The English Patient 9 a posts.ript 3y 8ar3ara Chapman 4ollowing my arti.le in last month1s Cham3ers3-ry #ews, 21ve 3een fort-nate to 3orrow 3oth the vi,eo an, the 8oo/er Pri>e winning novel ?&''AG of The English Patient from the li3raryC intrig-e, to see if 2 too .o-l, lin/ orothy -rrant to the Katherine Clifton in the story. Altho-gh 2 have yet to rea, more than a few .hapters of the 3oo/, there is an o3vio-s lin/ 3etween orothy an, the story in the person of Ethe English patientE Co-nt La,isla-s 1Almsy. He was a gen-ine H-ngarian e<plorer, e,-.ate, an, living in Englan, an, who as a mem3er of the "oyal Geographi. $o.iety -n,ertoo/ e<plorations in the ,esert, in.l-,ing that in &'+A in whi.h $ir "o3ert Clayton an, his new wife too/ part. 2n,ee, the .over photograph on the .opy of the novel 21ve 3een loane, was one of Almsy1s, ta/en ,-ring that parti.-lar e<pe,ition, an, now amongst the ar.hive of the "oyal Geographi.al $o.iety in Lon,on. :ith the Co-nt retaining his own name in the 3oo/, an, the o3vio-s .onne.tion to Ser>-ra in the Li3yan ,esert, it is not too large a leap of imagination to infer that the newly marrie, .o-ple Geoffrey an, Katherine Clifton of the 3oo/1s e<pe,ition in sear.h of Ser>-ra were 3ase, on the gen-ine newly we,s $ir "o3ert an, La,y orothy Clayton 9 even the names Clayton an, Clifton only ,iffer 3y two letters. The prefa.e to the 3oo/ ?fi.tionalG 3eginsL E;ost of yo-, 2 am s-re, remem3er the tragi. .ir.-mstan.es of the ,eath of Geoffrey Clifton at Gilf Ke3ir, followe, later 3y the ,isappearan.e of his wife Katherine Clifton, whi.h too/ pla.e ,-ring the &'+' ,esert e<pe,ition in sear.h of Ser>-ra.................. 2 shall 3e intereste, to see how many other similarities are o3vio-s 3etween what is .-rrently /nown a3o-t orothy Clayton nRe -rrant, an, the .hara.ter in the 3oo/. The ,is.laimer in the 3oo/ states Ethat the portraits of the .hara.ters who appear in it are fi.titional, as are some of the events an, 6o-rneys.E 2t is however, interesting to spe.-late how m-.h is fi.tion, an, how m-.h ,rawn from fa.t. P!$T$C"2PT$, 5%LY A((&FA((A Altho-gh 2 have hear, no f-rther from the film .ompany, 2 ,i, s-3se=-ently -n,erta/e a sear.h on the 2nternet with !"!THY CLAYT!# EA$T CLAYT!#. The res-lt was ama>ing. There are a large n-m3er of sites whi.h refer to her an, her h-s3an, =-ite .learly as the mo,els for Katherine Clifton an, her h-s3an, in the novels. There is also a great ,eal of information .on.erning the sear.h 3y n-mero-s 3o,ies in the &'A(1s an, +(1s for the lost oasis, an, vario-s relate,

material. 2 even fo-n, the Elost oasisE to 3e one of the stran,s in the Amelia Pea3o,y #ovel EThe Last Camel ie, at #oonE 3y Eli>a3eth Peters. P!$T$C"2PT A%G%$T A(&( !ver the years sin.e 2 first -n.overe, orothy1s story an, p-3lishe, it on the 2nternet 2 have 3een .onta.te, at reg-lar intervals 3y many people intereste, in her story, that of her family, an, the e<plorations she an, her h-s3an, -n,ertoo/. 2t seems li/ley to me an, to others, that as more an, more information is release, from vario-s ar.hives, that f-rther twists to orothy1s story will emerge. 2 have gra,-ally over the years -n.overe, her el,er sister1s story, an, .onsi,era3le more information a3o-t her mi,,le sister an, her 3rother who was /ille, ,-ring the 4irst :orl, :ar 2n re.ent years a ,evelopment of new ho-ses in the village ne<t to the .h-r.hyar, was name, Clayton rive in her memory. !ne aspe.t of orothy1s life 2 wo-l, ,early li/e to /now more a3o-t is her s.-lpt-re, an, to ,is.over a pei.e of her wor/ wo-l, 3e ama>ing. AlmAsy LAs4lB C A4 angol .eteg TPbb $int egy Qvti.ed telt el a.4ta% hogy a. )$erikai Hil$akadQ$ia 9 Oscar-dRjjal j tal$a.ta ). angol beteg cR$S !il$et. ) !il$ !ThTse a $agyar sivatagk tat4% )l$3sy L3s.l4% akinek Qlet$SvQre Qvti.edeken 3t a !eledQs !3tyla bor lt s.UlT!PldjQn. MQg a le0ikonokb4l is ki!elejtettQk a s.erkes.tTk% $intha el akart3k volna tPrPlni teljesRt$Qnyeit. ). Oscar-dRjas !il$ rQvQn a.onban a HPld egyik legis$ertebb $agyarj3v3 v3lt% neve a legnagyobb 'Qld3nys.3$V Vjs3gok oldal3ra kerUlt. ) !il$ e.ernyi i.gal$as kQrdQst vet !el. :i volt e. a rejtQlyes e$ber% aki ha.3j3t4l t3vol% a LRbiai-sivatag ko'3r ho$okvil3g3ban kereste a boldogs3gotW Mit tett% hogyan s.erve.te e0'edRci4it a kietlen kTbirodalo$baW #ogyan v3lt !el!ede.TvQW Milyen ered$Qnyeket Qrt elW Milyen titkos kUldetQst teljesRtett a $3sodik vil3gh3borV idejQn a. a!rikai hads.RntQrenW MiQrt lett @o$$el katon3jaW Milyen cQlokat tS.Ptt ki $aga elQW #ol Qs hogyan halt $egW (orosty3nkTtTl "astbo rne-ig ) rQgi kP.$ond3s s.erint a. al$a ne$ esik $ess.e a !3j3t4l. )l$3sy +yPrgy !Pldbirtokos% jeles ornitol4g s Qs X.sia-k tat4 csal3dj3ban 1<9D. a g s.t s 22-Qn PrP$teli ese$Qny tPrtQnt. -ittoni &lona $3sods.UlPtt !iVgyer$ekQnek adott Qletet. )l$3sy L3s.l4 "de vil3grajPvetelQt $egUnne'eltQk (orosty3nkTn% a vastag kT!alakkal kPrbevett% sas!Qs.ekre e$lQke.tetT v3r !alai kP.Ptt. ) csal3d $indPss.e h3ro$ es.tendTvel kor3bban% 1<92-ben kPltP.Ptt lakhelyQre% eredetileg Msad3ny Qs TPrPks.ent$ikl4s kP.elQben voltak a birtokaik. ). )l$3sy csal3dot a 1Y. s.3.adt4l a. ors.3g elTkelT ne$esi csal3djai kP.Ptt tartott3k s.3$on. ) csal3d tPrtQnetQhe. tarto.ik% hogy egyik tagja% )l$3sy -3l 1<I9. 3'rilis 1I-Qn Gebrecenben% a re!or$3t s nagyte$'lo$ !alai kP.Ptt a kQ'viselTh3. elnPkekQnt hirdette ki a ne$.etgySlQs hat3ro.at3t a #absb rg-h3. tr4n!os.t3s3r4l. ) borosty3nkTi birtokot $egv3s3rl4 )l$3sy "d 3rd% a nagy'a'a s.Qles l3t4kPrS% vil3gl3tott e$ber volt. 1agyon QrdekeltQk a !Pldraj.i ta.3sok% a !el!ede.Qsek. TPbb $int Pte.er kPtetes% ga.dag kPnyvt3r3ban !Qle.er kPnyv !oglalko.ott a !Pldraj.% a csillag3s.at% a $eteorol4gia Qs a geol4gia kQrdQskPreivel. ( .g4n gySjtPtte a. VtleRr3sokat% rends.eresen $egv3s3rolta a legkors.erSbb tQrkQ'eket% atlas.okat% s elT!i.etett a nQ$et !Pldraj.i s.ak!oly4iratokra. )la'Rt4 tagja volt a. 1<Y2-ben lQtrejPtt Magyar HPldraj.i T3rsas3gnak. Hia% )l$3sy +yPrgy jogi

di'lo$3t s.er.ett% de ne$ Qr.ett elhivatotts3got a !isk3lisok Qs 'r4k3torok $ nk3ja ir3nt. ) birtokb4l% a ga.das3g jPvedel$QbTl Qlt. ZrPkPlte a.onban a'ja QrdeklTdQsQt a ter$Qs.ett do$3nyok ir3nt. TPbb nagy ta.3st tett X.si3ban% s a Tien-San hegyei kP.Ptti 196/os e0'edRci4j3ra a !iatal !Pldraj.t d4st% -rin. +y l3t is $ag3val vitte. )l$3sy +yPrgy !ia% Laci Vr!i kisgyer$ekkQnt gyakran tart4.kodott a !Qlho$3lyos kPnyvt3rtere$ben% ahol a $egs3rg lt !PldgP$bPk kP.Ptt% a kQnyel$es kaross.Qkben rengeteget olvasott. [gy elTs.Pr (orosty3nkTn t3g lt ki s.3$3ra a vil3g. :Ts.egen% a bencQs gi$n3.i $ di3kjakQnt ke.dett QrdeklTdni a $adarak kPltQsi% von l3si s.ok3sai ir3nt% s itt Qbredt !el benne a re'UlQs t3ni v3gy. ) !iVcska gyer$ekkQnt Qlte $eg Qdesa'ja Gobr d.s3ba Qs a G na-delta vidQkQre% $ajd :P.Q'-X.si3ba s.erve.ett e0'edRci4it% a$ikor tPbb s.ekQrnyi .ool4giai 're'ar3t $ j tott ha.a e t3voli eg.otik s vidQkekrTl. &!jVkQnt l3tta% $ilyen te$Qrdek $ nk3val j3r egy e0'edRci4 elTkQs.RtQse. ) !el!ede.T ta.4v3 v3l3s )l$3sy L3s.l4 esetQben a s.UlTi h3.ban% a borosty3nkTi kastQlyban ke.dTdPtt. 1agy hat3ssal volt r3 Chernel &stv3n% a jeles ornitol4g s% akinek Rr3sait rends.eresen olvasta. :P.Q'iskolai tan l$3nyait +ra.ban vQge.te% ahonnan botr3nyos kPrUl$Qnyek kP.Ptt kellett t3vo.nia% $ivel kQsve ind lt el otthonr4l% s a. iskola ka' j3ban \dr4ts.a$ar3valL robogva elUtPtte a gi$n3.i $ iga.gat4j3t. "$lQke.etes kalandjai kP.Q tarto.ott% a$ikor egy kT!ejtT $eredek 'ere$QrTl elr gas.kodva 'r4b3lta ki saj3t ke.Sleg Q'Rtett re'UlTgQ'Qt% s nQh3ny $3sod'erc $Vlva tPbb $int tR. $Qtert . hant. ) balesetet kisebb sQrUlQsekkel $egVs.ta% de a re'UlQs PrPkre rab l ejtette. ) kP.Q'iskol3t a. angliai "astbo rne-ben !olytatta. )ngliai di3kQvei sor3n is$erte $eg a. angols.3s. k ltVr3t Qs a brit Qlet!or$3t. :itSnTen elsaj3tRtotta a. angol nyelvet% $elyet s.inte anyanyelvi !okon bes.Qlt. :a'csolatba kerUlt a cserkQs.ettel% $elynek kPvetel$Qnyei Qs tPrvQnyei nagy hat3ssal voltak kQsTbbi QletQre. ) hRres brit )!rika-k tat4 Selo s kPnyveit olvasva Qbredt !el benne a. QrdeklTdQs a !ekete kontinens ir3nt. ). eastbo rne-i di3kQvek sor3n $egtan lt viselkedQs- Qs gondolkod3s$4dnak kPs.Pnhette% hogy kQsTbb elnyerte a britek Qs a. egyi'to$iak bi.al$3t% $ajd 'Qn.Ugyi t3$ogat3s3t S.ahara-k tat4 $ nk3j3ho.. &2. :3roly oldal3n ). elsT vil3gh3borV idejQn )l$3sy L3s.l4 katonai s.olg3latot teljesRtett a. oros.% $ajd a. olas. !ronton. TPbb kock3.atos !elderRtTVton vett rQs.t a Gnyes.ter $ellQkQn. ). elsT vil3gh3borVt kPvetTen rQs.t vett &2. :3roly viss.atQrQsi kRsQrletQben% a. Vn. kir3ly' ccsban. 1921. 3'rilis D-Qn gr4! Mikes ?3nos 'Us'Pk t3rsas3g3ban kRsQrte el a #absb rg- ralkod4t a hat3rig. "rre a. idTs.akra nyVlik viss.a 3llRt4lagos gr4!i cR$e% his.en a jelenlQvTk ne$ !eledtQk el% hogy itttart4.kod3sa alatt &2. :3roly kPvetke.etesen gr4! Vrnak s.4lRtotta )l$3syt. ) gr4!i cR$re Rgy e$lQke.ett viss.a Tasn3di L3s.l4nak% a $Segyete$i re'UlTkl b elnPkQnek cR$.ett% 1959. jVli s 21-Qn :air4b4l Rrt levelQben; \Meg lehets. r4la gyT.Tdve% eleget vQdeke.te$ a neke$ itt bTven kios.tott rang ellen. S.e$Qlyes t3jQko.tat3sodra engedd $eg% hogy ennek a viss.3s hely.etnek al3bbi $agyar3.at3t adja$; T!elsQge% &2. :3roly kir3ly tr4nra lQ'Qsekor nagyaty3$ !el lett s.4lRtva% hogy $int a. egyik .sad3nyi Qs tPrPks.ent$ikl4si )l$3sy hitbi.o$3ny t lajdonosa% adja be csal3d nk tPbbi 3gainak rangj3ra val4 e$elQsQnek kQrvQnyQt. ) kQrvQnyt 191Y-ben T!elsQge ell3tta kQ.jegyQvel% $ivel 1agyaty3$ a.onban kP.ben elhal3lo.ott% b3ty3$nak kellett volna a.t ellenjegy.Qs vQgett a $. kir. $inis.tertan3csn3l kij3rni. Tekintettel a h3borVra% b3ty3$ e.t ne$ tette% Qs a. ok$3ny Rgy $ai na'ig csonk3n !eks.ik levQlt3r nkban. )$ikor T!elsQge 1921-ben S.o$bathelyen tart4.kodott% $int s.3rnysegQd volta$ beos.tva $ellQje% s e. idT alatt a :ir3ly F e$lQke.ve a. 3ltala jegy.ett beadv3nyra F kPvetke.etesen gr4!nak s.4lRtott% e. a.t3n a. akkori legiti$ista kPrPkben !olytat4dott% Qs a sajt4ban is !el-!el$erUlt. :Q'.elheted% $ily gyakran kerUlUnk abba a hely.etbe b3ty3$$al% hogy tiltako. nk a gr4!i cR$.Qs ellen% a$ihe. a.onban sokan saj3t hiVs3g k kielQgRtQsQre ragas.kodnak.L

)l$3sy kPrQben s.3$os aris.tokrata ne$es volt% s T is otthonosan $o.gott a !TrangVak kPrQben. ) borosty3nkTi v3r Qs a birtok t lajdonl3sa gyancsak t3'l3lta a gr4!s3ggal ka'csolatos ha$is hiedel$et. ).t a.onban kevesen t dt3k% hogy a tQnyleges )l$3sy-vagyon hitbi.o$3ny% s a. L3s.l4 b3tyj3nak% ?3nosnak a nevQn s.ere'elt. )l$3sy hivatalos ok$3nyain% iga.olv3nyaiban% bi.onyRtv3nyaiban ne$ s.ere'el a gr4!i cR$% s $Sveinek% kPnyveinek% cikkeinek $egjelentetQsQnQl se$ olvashatj k e.t a rangot. ) sivatag bSvPletQben )l$3sy% aki a t4verseny.TkQnt is hRrnevet s.er.ett% egy Steyr a t4val F "sterh3.y )ntal t3rsas3g3ban F )le0andri3b4l kiind lva a 1Rl s $entQn :artV$ig j tott% $ajd 3tkelt a 1Vbiai- Qs a (erber-sivatagon. ) v3llalko.3s nagy viss.hangot keltett. ). os.tr3k Steyr gy3r $egbR.ta )l$3syt a cQg kair4i kQ'viseletQnek ve.etQsQvel% abban a re$Qnyben% hogy 'iac nyRlhat "gyi'to$ban a. os.tr3k j3r$Svek s.3$3ra. ) kPvetke.T Qvben )l$3sy kock3.atos tat tett a :eleti-S.ahar3ban% ahol Y66 k$-es Vton j3rta be )b Moharig ho$okdSne-birodal$3t. TPbb vad3s.e0'edRci4t is tett a LRbiai-sivatagban. "gyik Vtj3n S.Qchenyi Msig$onddal vad3s.ott. ]l$Qnyeiket a neves vad3s.Rr4 #engergT ho$ok cR$S sivatagi vad3s.na'l4j3ban PrPkRtette $eg% de )l$3sy nevQt ne$ Rrhatta ki a $S Vjabb% S.Q'irodal$i :Pnyvkiad4n3l $egjelentetett 19/I-es kiad3s3ban. )l$3sy ka'csolatba kerUlt :e$al el Gin herceggel% $egis$erte H ad kir3lyt s a. egyi'to$i ralkod4h3. s.3$os tagj3t. :itSnT ka'csolattere$tTkQnt s.er.ett t3$ogat4kat a legvagyonosabb egyi'to$i kPrPkbTl. :e$al el Gin bTke.Sen t3$ogatta ta.3sait% $ert !elis$erte% hogy )l$3sy tevQkenysQge "gyi'to$ !Pldraj.i $egis$erQsQt s.olg3lja% s nagy stratQgiai jelentTsQggel bRrnak a S.ahara is$eretlen belsejQben 3ltala gySjtPtt adatok. ). 1956-as es.tendTk sorsdPntTnek bi.ony ltak )l$3sy s.3$3ra. ) s.Rriai )le''4 kP.elQben gr4! Michy 13ndorral els.envedett s.erencsQs ki$enetelS lQgi baleset t3n )l$3sy is$Qt viss.atQrt "gyi'to$ba. 1952. $3j s 1-jQn -enderel sk4t re'UlT ale.redessel egy angol gy3rt$3nyV Moth tR' sV re'UlTgQ'rTl $eg'illantotta a rQgen keresett Mar. ra o3.ist. ) +il!-:ebRr ho$okkT !ennsRkj3nak Qs.aki !TvPlgye% 23di )bd el Malik !el!ede.Qse vil3gs.erte viss.hangot ka'ott. ) kPvetke.T Qv !ebr 3rj3ban )l$3sy nagys.ab3sV e0'edRci4val tQrt viss.a a +il!-:ebRr tQrsQgQbe. @ichard (er$ann os.tr3k Vjs3gRr4 kP.re$SkPdQsQvel sikerUlt elnyernie a >niversal a$erikai !il$t3rsas3g 'Qn.Ugyi t3$ogat3s3t. " v3llalko.3s tagja volt :3d3r L3s.l4 tan3rsegQd% kQsTbbi debreceni !Pldraj.'ro!ess.or. ^s.4 e$berek a sivatagban )l$3sy 1955-as e0'edRci4ja a LRbiai-sivatag tols4 !ehQr !oltjait tPrPlte el a tQrkQ'rTl. Mar. ra F $int ti'ik s esTo3.is F a vR.hi3ny $iatt teljesen elnQ'telenedett. ) S.ahara egyik legelhagyatottabb% legink3bb ho..3!Qrhetetlen . g3ban )l$3sy L3s.l4 volt a. elsT e r4'ai k tat4% aki rQs.letes !Pldraj.i dok $ent3ci4s $ nk3t vQg.ett. ) +il!-:ebRrt tagol4 $eredek !alV s.iklakanyonok% a v3dik $egis$erQse a. 3'rilisi !orr4s3gban ko$oly !i.ikai igQnybevQtelt jelentett a. e0'edRci4 tagjai s.3$3ra. )l$3syQk a +il!-:ebRr !estTi tanVhegyekkel kPrUlvett vPlgyQnek ho$okkTben keletke.ett s.iklabarlangjaiban Tsi 3llat- Qs e$ber3br3.ol3sokra b kkantak. ) 23di-S.Vr3ban F a \:Q'ek vPlgyQbenL F neolitik $i e$ber ke.e nyo$3t Tr.ik a s.iklaodVk !al3ra !estett vPrPs s.RnS str cc- Qs '3l$a!a-3br3.ol3sok% bi.onys3g3 l annak% hogy valaha nPvQny.et .Pldellt ott% ahol $ana's3g csak s.3ra. !Tcso$4k vannak. )l$3sy !el!igyelt a legtal3nyosabb 3br3.ol3sra% a. Vs.4 e$berekre% s v3.latkPnyvQben akvarellen PrPkRtette $eg Tket. ^s.ni csak ott lehet% ahol vR. van% s a S.ahara e kietlen . g3ban $ana's3g se$ vR.% se$ nPvQny.et nincs_ ) legkP.elebbi vR.!oly3s% ahol Vs.ni lehet% a 1Rl s% $ely 23di-S.Vr3t4l keleti ir3nyban csakne$ e.er kilo$Qteres t3vols3gban hP$'PlyPg. M3r'edig akik a !est$Qnyeket kQs.RtettQk% l3thattak Vs.4 e$bereket. HeltehetT% hogy idTs.akos vagy

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