AP/IB Review Guide CH20-21

Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. The units Tm2/s are equivalent to: a W. . b V. . c N/m. . d webers. . e F .

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2.

sensitive ammeter is connected to a wire loo! and !laced within the ma"netic #ield o# a stron" horseshoe ma"net. The ammeter shows a de#lection when: a the wire is moved !arallel to the #ield. . b the wire is moved !er!endicularl$ to the #ield. . c neither wire nor ma"net is movin". . d the wire%s a&is is !arallel to the #ield. . e the wire%s a&is is !er!endicular to the #ield. .

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'.

ccordin" to (en)%s law the direction o# an induced current in a conductor will be that which tends to !roduce which o# the #ollowin" e##ects* a enhance the e##ect which !roduces it . b !roduce a "reater heatin" e##ect . c !roduce the "reatest volta"e . d o!!ose the e##ect which !roduces it . e !roduce the "reatest ma"netic #ield .

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+.

bar ma"net is #allin" throu"h a loo! o# wire with constant velocit$. The south !ole enters #irst. s the ma"net leaves the wire, the induced current -as viewed #rom above.: a is cloc/wise. .

b . c . d . e .

is countercloc/wise. is )ero. is alon" the len"th o# the ma"net. 0ore in#ormation is needed.

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1.

metal rod is #allin" toward the sur#ace o# the 2arth near the equator. s it #alls, one end o# the rod becomes !ositivel$ char"ed due to the motional em# o# the rod throu"h the 2arth%s ma"netic #ield. The rod is oriented so that: a the rod is vertical with the !ositive end hi"her. . b the rod is hori)ontal with the !ositive end toward the north. . c the rod is hori)ontal with the !ositive end toward the east. . d the rod is hori)ontal with the !ositive end toward the west. . e the rod is hori)ontal with the !ositive end toward the south. .

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3.

strai"ht wire o# len"th is oriented east4west and is in a ma"netic #ield B !ointin" north. The wire is movin" downward at a constant s!eed v. 5# the resistance o# the rod is R, what is the current throu"h the rod* a R/B lv . b B v/R . c B2 2v2/R2 . d B v/R2 . e not "iven .

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6. The rate o# heat dissi!ation in an 7 circuit with resistance, R, and e##ective current, Irms, is "iven b$ which o# the #ollowin"* a 8.1 -Irms)2R . b -Irms)2R . c 2.8 -Irms)2R . d +.8 -Irms)2R . e 8.21 -Irms)2R

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9. The rms current is equal to the direct current that: a !roduces the same avera"e volta"e across a resistor as in an 7 circuit. . b dissi!ates an equal amount o# ener"$ in a resistor at the same rate as in an 7 circuit. . c !rovides the same avera"e current in a resistor as in an 7 circuit. . d results in the same !ea/ !ower in a resistor as in an 7 circuit. . e !roduces the same !ea/ volta"e across a resistor as in an 7 circuit. .

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:. a . b . c . d . e .

n ideal trans#ormer is one that: has a turn ratio, N2/N1, equal to 1. wor/s with direct current. e&!eriences no !ower loss. has an out!ut #requenc$ o# 38 ;). wor/s with alternatin" current.

____ 18. 5n order o# increasin" #requenc$, which o# the #ollowin" is correct* a visible, radio, ultraviolet and &4ra$ . b in#rared, visible, ultraviolet and "amma . c visible, "amma, ultraviolet and &4ra$ . d in#rared, &4ra$, visible and "amma . e in#rared, visible, ultraviolet and radio .

____ 11. 5n order to /ee! its #ood hot, a restaurant will !lace it under which t$!e o# lam!* a in#rared . b visible li"ht . c ultraviolet . d &4ra$

. e "amma .

____ 12. <lass !anes are o!aque to a certain t$!e o# radiation, which !asses throu"h quart). What t$!e o# radiation is it* This radiation is im!ortant in o)one la$er reactions. a microwave . b "amma . c &4ra$ . d ultraviolet . e radio .

____ 1'. 0icrowave radiation is use#ul in which o# the #ollowin"* a sendin" !hone messa"es . b coo/in" #ood . c aircra#t navi"ation . d medical a!!lications . e ll o# the above are valid choices. .

____ 1+. Tem!erature variation o# di##erent !arts o# a !erson%s bod$ can be detected b$ anal$)in" the emission !attern o# which t$!e o# electroma"netic radiation* a microwave . b in#rared . c ultraviolet . d &4ra$s . e "amma .

____ 11. =# the various t$!es o# electroma"netic radiation, which is the most !enetratin" throu"h all #orms o# matter* a in#rared . b "amma

. c visible li"ht . d ultraviolet . e &4ra$s .

____ 13. a . b . c . d . e .

s an electroma"netic wave travels throu"h #ree s!ace, its s!eed can be increased b$: increasin" its #requenc$. increasin" its ener"$ onl$. increasin" both its ener"$ and momentum. decreasin" its #requenc$ None o# the above will increase its s!eed.

____ 16. a . b . c . d . e .

n ob>ect that is "ivin" o## onl$ in#rared electroma"netic waves is "ivin" o## heat throu"h: convection. conduction. radiation. visible li"ht. emission o# electrons.

____ 19. The electroma"netic radiation that causes tannin": a can !roduce cancer. . b rarel$ !asses throu"h "lass windows. . c is absorbed b$ o)one. . d is all o# the above. . e is none o# the above. .

____ 1:. 5n the ?o!!ler e##ect #or electroma"netic waves, which o# the #ollowin" "ives the "reatest shi#t in #requenc$* a the source movin" toward the non4movin" observer at s!eed v

. b the observer movin" toward the non4movin" source at s!eed v . c the source movin" toward the a!!roachin" observer, both at s!eed v/2 . d ll o# the above "ive the same shi#t. .

____ 28. The ?o!!ler shi#t #or electroma"netic radiation #rom distant "ala&ies movin" awa$ #rom the observer is called a: a red shi#t. . b blue shi#t. . c blac/ shi#t. . d vacuum shi#t. . e radiation shi#t. .

Short Answer 21. 22. uni#orm +.14T ma"netic #ield !asses !er!endicularl$ throu"h the !lane o# a wire loo! 8.18 m 2 in area. What #lu& !asses throu"h the loo!* uni#orm +.14T ma"netic #ield !asses throu"h the !lane o# a wire loo! 8.18 m 2 in area. What #lu& !asses throu"h the loo! when the direction o# the +.14T #ield is at a '8 an"le to the normal o# the loo! !lane* loo! o# area 8.218 m2 is in a uni#orm 8.828 84T ma"netic #ield. 5# the #lu& throu"h the loo! is '.9' 184' Tm2, what an"le does the normal to the !lane o# the loo! ma/e with the direction o# the ma"netic #ield* coil in a ma"netic #ield encloses a #lu& o# 8.213 Tm2 when the an"le between the normal to the coil and the direction o# the ma"netic #ield is 68.8@. What #lu& would "o throu"h the coil i# the an"le were chan"ed to +8.8@* coil is !laced in a ma"netic #ield and has a #lu& A throu"h it. The coil is stressed so that its area reduces to 61B o# its ori"inal value. 5# the !lane o# the coil sta$s the same and the #lu& throu"h it remains the same, how must the ma"netic #ield chan"e*

2'.

2+.

21.

23. C<F5C stands #or: 26. The !rinci!le or law that sa$s Can induced em# in a circuit loo! !roduces a current whose ma"netic #ield o!!oses #urther chan"e o# ma"netic #lu&C is credited to:

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square coil, enclosin" an area with sides 2.8 cm lon", is wra!!ed with 2 188 turns o# wire. uni#orm ma"netic #ield !er!endicular to its !lane is turned on and increases to 8.21 T durin" an interval o# 1.8 s. What avera"e volta"e is induced in the coil* 184turn square coil o# area 8.8'3 m2 and a 284turn circular coil are both !laced !er!endicular to the same chan"in" ma"netic #ield. The volta"e induced in each o# the coils is the same. What is the area o# the circular coil* #lat coil o# wire consistin" o# 28 turns, each with an area o# 18 cm2, is !ositioned !er!endicularl$ to a uni#orm ma"netic #ield that increases its ma"nitude at a constant rate #rom 2.8 T to 3.8 T in 2.8 s. 5# the coil has a total resistance o# 8.+8 , what is the ma"nitude o# the induced current* !lanar loo! consistin" o# #our turns o# wire, each o# which encloses 288 cm 2, is oriented !er!endicularl$ to a ma"netic #ield that increases uni#orml$ in ma"nitude #rom 18 mT to 21 mT in a time o# 1.8 ms. What is the resultin" induced current in the coil i# the resistance o# the coil is 1.8 * coil is !laced in a chan"in" ma"netic #ield and an em# is induced. What ha!!ens to the induced em# i# the rate o# chan"e o# ma"netic #ield quadru!les* 8.2884m wire is moved !arallel to a 8.1884T ma"netic #ield at a s!eed o# 1.18 m/s. What em# is induced across the ends o# the wire* n air!lane with a win"s!an o# 38.8 m #lies !arallel to the 2arth%s sur#ace at a !oint where the downward com!onent o# the 2arth%s ma"netic #ield is 8.+88 18+ T. 5# the induced !otential between win"ti!s is 8.:88 V, what is the !lane%s s!eed* lar"e >etliner with a win"s!an o# +8 m #lies hori)ontall$ and due north at a s!eed o# '88 m/s in a re"ion where the ma"netic #ield o# the earth is 38 T directed 18 below the hori)ontal. What is the ma"nitude o# the induced em# between the ends o# the win"* strai"ht wire o# len"th is oriented east4west and is in a ma"netic #ield B !ointin" north. The wire is movin" downward at a constant s!eed v. Which end o# the rod is !ositivel$ char"ed*

2:.

'8.

'1.

'2. ''. '+.

'1.

'3.

'6. What is she e##ective -rms. current value #or an 7 current with an am!litude o# 18 * '9. 5n an 7 series circuit, the current in a !ure resistor di##ers in !hase with the a!!lied volta"e b$ what an"le* ':. n 7 volta"e source, with a !ea/ out!ut o# 288 V, is connected to a 184 resistor. What is the e##ective -or rms. current in the circuit* n 7 volta"e source, with a !ea/ out!ut o# 288 V, is connected to a 184 resistor. What is the rate o# ener"$ dissi!ated due to heat in the resistor* n 7 volta"e source, with a !ea/ out!ut o# 128 V, results in dissi!ation o# ener"$ in a resistor at rate o# 188 W. What is the value o# the resistance*

+8.

+1.

+2. The !ea/ volta"e o# an 7 source is 288 V. What is the rms volta"e*

+'. 5n the t$!ical household 7 volta"e o# 128 V, what is the !ea/ volta"e* ++. The !rimar$ windin" o# an electric train trans#ormer has +88 turns and the secondar$ has 18. 5# the in!ut volta"e is 128 V-rms., what is the out!ut volta"e* +1. +3. trans#ormer consists o# a 1884turn !rimar$ coil and a 2 8884turn secondar$ coil. 5# the current in the secondar$ is '.88 , what is the !rimar$ current* n 7 !ower "enerator !roduces 18 -rms. at ' 388 V. The volta"e is ste!!ed u! to 188 888 V b$ an ideal trans#ormer and the ener"$ transmitted throu"h a lon"4distance !ower line with a total resistance o# 188 . What is the rms current in the lon"4distance line* n 7 !ower "enerator !roduces 21 -rms. at ' 388 V. The ener"$ is transmitted throu"h a lon"4distance !ower line, which has a total resistance o# 188 . What !ercenta"e o# the !ower delivered b$ the "enerator is dissi!ated as heat in the lon"4distance line i# a ste!4u! trans#ormer is not used* trans#ormer is to be desi"ned to increase the '84/V -rms. out!ut o# a "enerator to the transmission line volta"e o# '+1 /V -rms.. 5# the !rimar$ windin" has 98 turns, how man$ turns must the secondar$ have* radar !ulse returns '.8 18+ seconds a#ter it is sent out, havin" been re#lected b$ an ob>ect. What is the distance between the radar antenna and the ob>ect* -c D '.88 189 m/s. radio wave si"nal, which transmits at a #requenc$ o# 6.28 0;), has what wavelen"th* - c D '.88 189 m/s. radar !ulse sent out to an air!lane at a distance o# 28.8 /m will return as an echo to the source in what time interval* -c D '.88 189 m/s.

+6.

+9.

+:.

18. 11.

12. The human e$e is sensitive to li"ht with wavelen"th down to ':8 nm. What is the #requenc$ o# radiation at this wavelen"th* -1 nm D 18: m and c D '.88 189 m/s. 1'. n ultraviolet li"ht wave has a wavelen"th o# '88 nm and s!eed o# 2.1 189 m/s throu"h a trans!arent medium. What is the #requenc$ o# this wave in the medium* -1 nm D 18 : m and c D '.88 189 m/s.

1+. What value o# inductance should be used in a series circuit with a ca!acitor o# 1.9 18' F when desi"ned to radiate a wavelen"th o# '1 m* -c D '.88 189 m/s. 11. What is the wavelen"th o# 18840;) television 20 waves* - c D ' 189 m/s. 13. Find the #requenc$ o# &4ra$s o# wavelen"th 1818 m. -c D ' 189 m/s.

16. n observer is movin" in s!ace toward a distant star at 188 /m/s while the star is movin" toward the observer at 288 /m/sE the relative velocit$ bein" '88 /m/s o# a!!roach. What is the relative chan"e in #requenc$ o# the li"ht #rom the star as seen b$ the observer* -The s!eed o# li"ht in s!ace is '.88 & 18 1 /m/s..

AP/IB Review Guide CH20-21 Answer Section

M !"IP!# CH$IC# 1. A 2. A '. ? +. A 1. 7 3. 2 6. A 9. A :. 7 18. A 11. 12. ? 1'. 2 1+. A 11. A 13. 2 16. 7 19. ? 1:. ? 28.

SH$R" A%S&#R 21. 8.+1 T m2 22. 8.': T m2 2'. +8.8@ 2+. 8.16' Tm2 21. 5t must increase b$ ''B. 23. "round #ault interru!ter. 26. (en). 29. 8.21 V 2:. 8.819 m2 '8. 188 m '1. +9 m '2. The em# quadru!les. ''. 8.118 V '+. '61 m/s '1. 118 mV '3. the east end '6. 6.1 '9. )ero ':. 2.9 +8. +88 W +1. 62 +2. 1+1 V +'. 168 V

++. 11 V +1. 12.8 +3. 1.9 +6. 3:B +9. :28 +:. +.1 18+ m 18. +1.6 m 11. 1'' 183 s 12. 6.6 181+ ;) 1'. 6.8 181+ ;) 1+. 1.: 18+ m; 11. ' m 13. ' 1819 ;) 16. 8.18B increase