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high shear bond strength to denture base materials superior resistance to stain low water sorption no soluble components (low solubility) color stability optimal hardness for specific lining material
high fatigue limit increased transverse strength minimal dimensional change during polymerization (dimensional stability) ease of finishing abrasion resistance tissue compatibility absence of taste and odor low exothermic temperature release absence of free methyl methacrylates.1,2,5,8,16-24
Although the search continues for the ideal lining material, there is no one material that can achieve the requirements of every clinical situation. A review of the clinical considerations for the use of hard and soft liners may provide the clinician with the knowledge required to make the appropriate selection of liner material for each individual clinical situation. Denture reline materials can be subdivided into two categories: hard and soft liners. A description of the clinical indication for application of each material may provide answers for both clinicians and technicians in their uncertainties about selection of these different liner materials.
atrophic ridges bone undercuts denture(s) opposing natural teeth reduced thickness and viscoelasticity of the mucosa pain from gingival irritation maxillofacial defects traumatic or pathologic tissue loss.38-44
The Ufi Gel SC consists of three basic components. These include the adhesive, the reline materials, and the glaze. The adhesive is composed of a reactive polymer, a special silane, and a commonly used solvent. The adhesive is easily applied to the denture, and after 1 minute the ready-to-use reline material can be applied straight from the cartridge. The reline material is composed of traditional A-silicones and special catalysts. The glaze consists of a twocomponent A-silicone, which smoothes and seals any trimmed areas of the relining material to prevent bacterial or fungi penetration. In at least one study conducted by Professor D. Welker at the University of Jena, Ufi Gel SC exhibited considerably better performance in terms of tear resistance and percent elongation when compared to a number of other systems currently on the market.45 Such tests were conducted at body temperature (37 C) at the end of 6 months. The shear bond strength (adhesion) of Ufi Gel SC to polymethyl methacrylate over a 6-month period was also appreciably greater.45 Similar results were also published at the Universities of Hanover and Giessen. 46,47 Also, according to the later studies, Ufi Gel SC was shown to be highly resistant to discoloring agents and was relatively property-insensitive in water storage over extended periods of time.45 Finally, Ufi Gel SC has been shown to be a dimensionally stable and permanently soft material. A permanent set value of 12.1% demonstrates its high elasticity. In addition, its elastic recovery of 99.76% indicates that it will always return to its original dimension or shape when deformed. The Shore A hardness value of 26 is within the ideal range for soft lining materials and indicates that it does remain permanently soft. Incidentally, the amount of water sorption after 9 months in storage was only 0.1%. This value can be compared to other commercial agents, which were as high as 3.5% after only 1 day in water storage.45
The following clinical procedure demonstrates the art of relining a maxillary overdenture using this new type of hard reline material through direct application.
Clinical Procedure
A 74-year-old woman presented with an ill-fitting overdenture 6 months after immediate placement. A soft liner had been repeatedly placed for several months to condition the tissue. This material not only improves denture stability and retention but also absorbs and uniformly distributes the applied functional forces while the supporting soft and hard tissues mature from surgery.25 The maxillary right central had an existing gold post that was contoured and polished while the remaining abutment teeth were restored with a hybrid composite resin (Aelite LS, Bisco, Inc, Schaumburg, IL), contoured, finished, and polished. The clinical procedure illustrates the authors relining procedure (Figure 1; Figure 2; Figure 3; Figure 4; Figure 5; Figure 6; Figure 7; Figure 8; Figure 9; Figure 10; Figure 11; Figure 12; Figure 13; Figure 14; Figure 15; Figure 16; Figure 17).
Conclusion
Knowledge and a desire to create are limited by the products clinicians have available to them for restorative procedures, and knowledge must be integrated with the proper selection of material and technique for each clinical situation. Maintaining the balance between function, comfort, and esthetics with removable and complete dentures requires periodic clinical evaluation and long-term maintenance. There are a myriad of reline materials available to the restorative dentist and a wide variety of applications. This article has attempted to provide an overview of one relining system. Although this clinical procedure has provided excellent clinical results in specific cases, clearly these direct reline materials and techniques require peer research to determine their long-term effectiveness. As with most procedures, clinical experience and judgment based on scientific evidence must dictate the final decision for application.
References
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