Article 1356.

Contracts shall be ____________, in whatever ____________ they may have been entered into,
provided all the ____________ requisites for their ____________ are present. However, when the law
requires that a contract be in ____________ form in order that it may be ____________ or ____________, or
that a contract be ____________ in a certain way, that requirement is ____________ and ____________. In
such cases, the ____________ of the parties ____________ in the following article cannot be ____________.
Article 1357. If the ____________ requires a ____________ or ____________ ____________ form, as in the
____________ and contracts ____________ in the following article, the contracting parties may
____________ each other to ____________ that form, once the contract has been ____________. This right
may be exercised ____________ with the ____________ upon the contract.
Article 1358. The following must ____________ in a ____________ document:
(1) Acts and ____________ which have for their ____________ the ____________, ____________,
____________ or ____________ of ____________ rights over ____________ property;
____________ of ____________ property or of an ____________ therein are governed by articles
1403, No. 2, and 1405;
(2) The ____________, ____________ or ____________ of ____________ rights or of those of the
____________ partnership of gains;
(3) The power to ____________ property, or any other power which has for its object an act
____________ or which should appear in a public ____________, or should ____________ a third
person;
(4) The ____________ of actions or rights ____________ from an act ____________ in a public
document.
All other ____________ where the ____________ involved ____________ five hundred pesos must
____________ in ____________, even a ____________ one. But ____________ of goods, chattels or
things in action are governed by articles, 1403, No. 2 and 1405.
Article 1359. When, there having been a meeting of the ____________ of the parties to a contract, their
____________ intention is not ____________ in the instrument ____________ to ____________ the
____________, by ____________ of mistake, fraud, ____________ conduct or ____________, one of the
parties may ____________ for the ____________ of the instrument to the end that such true ____________
may be ____________.
If ____________, ____________, inequitable conduct, or accident has ____________ a meeting of the minds
of the parties, the ____________ remedy is not reformation of the instrument but ____________ of the
contract.
Article 1360. The ____________ of the ____________ law on the reformation of instruments are hereby
____________ insofar as they are not in ____________ with the provisions of this Code.
Article 1361. When a mutual ____________ of the parties ____________ the ____________ of the
instrument to ____________ their ____________ agreement, said instrument may be ____________.
Article 1362. If one party was ____________ and the other ____________ ____________ or ____________
in such a way that the instrument does not ____________ their true ____________, the former may
____________ for the reformation of the ____________.
Article 1363. When one party was mistaken and the other ____________ or ____________ that the
instrument did not ____________ their real agreement, but ____________ that ____________ from the
former, the instrument may be reformed.

Article 1364. When through the ____________, lack of ____________, negligence or bad faith on the part of
the person ____________ the instrument or of the clerk or ____________, the instrument does not
____________ the true intention of the parties, the ____________ may ____________ that the instrument be
reformed.
Article 1365. If two parties ____________ upon the ____________ or ____________ of real or personal
property, but the instrument ____________ that the property is sold ____________ or with a right
of____________, reformation of the instrument is ____________.
Article 1366. There shall be ____________ reformation in the following cases:
(1) ____________ donations inter ____________ wherein no ____________ is imposed;
(2) ____________;
(3) When the ____________ agreement is ____________.
Article 1367. When one of the parties has brought an action to ____________ the instrument, he cannot
____________ ask for its reformation.
Article 1368. Reformation may be ____________ at the instance of either party or his ____________ in
interest, if the ____________ was ____________; otherwise, upon ____________ of the ____________ party,
or his heirs and assigns.
Article 1369. The ____________ for the reformation of instrument shall be governed by ____________ of
court to be ____________ by the Supreme Court.
Article 1370. If the ____________ of a contract are ____________ and leave no ____________ upon the
intention of the contracting parties, the ____________ ____________ of its stipulations shall ____________.
If the ____________ ____________ to be ____________ to the ____________ intention of the parties, the
latter shall ____________ over the former.
Article 1371. In order to ____________ the intention of the contracting parties, their ____________ and
____________ ____________ shall be ____________ ____________.
Article 1372. However ____________ the ____________ of a contract may be, they shall not be
____________ to ____________ things that are ____________ and cases that are ____________ from those
upon which the parties ____________ to ____________.
Article 1373. If some stipulation of any contract should ____________ of ____________ ____________, it
shall be understood as ____________ that ____________ which is most ____________ to render it
____________.
Article 1374. The ____________ ____________ of a contract shall be ____________ ____________,
____________ to the ____________ ones that sense which may ____________ from all of them taken
____________.
Article 1375. ____________ which may have different ____________ shall be understood in that which is
most in ____________ with the ____________ and ____________ of the contract.
Article 1376. The ____________ or ____________ of the place shall be borne in mind in the ____________
of the ____________ of a contract, and shall ____________ the ____________ of stipulations which are
____________ ____________.

Article 1377. The interpretation of ____________ words or stipulations in a contract shall not ____________
the party who ____________ the ____________.
Article 1378. When it is ____________ ____________to settle ____________ by the rules ____________ in
the preceding articles, and the doubts refer to ____________ circumstances of a ____________ contract, the
____________ ____________ of rights and interests shall ____________. If the contract is ____________,
the doubt shall be ____________ in favor of the ____________ ____________of interests.
If the doubts are ____________ upon the ____________ object of the contract in such a way that it cannot be
____________ what may have been the ____________ or ____________ of the parties, the contract shall be
____________ and void.
Article 1379. The ____________ of ____________ stated in Rule 123 of the Rules of Court shall likewise be
____________ in the ____________ of contracts. (n)
Article 1380. Contracts ____________ ____________ upon may be ____________ in the cases
____________ by ____________.
Article 1381. The following contracts are ____________:
(1) Those which are entered into by ____________ whenever the wards whom they represent
____________ ____________ by more than ____________ of the ____________ of the things which
are the ____________ thereof;
(2) Those agreed upon in ____________ of ____________, if the latter suffer the ____________
stated in the preceding number;
(3) Those ____________ in ____________ of ____________ when the latter cannot in any other
manner ____________ the ____________ due them;
(4) Those which refer to things under ____________ if they have been entered into by the
____________ without the ____________ and ____________ of the ____________ or of
____________ judicial authority;
(5) All other ____________ specially ____________ by law to be subject to ____________.
Article 1382. ____________ made in a state of ____________ for ____________ to whose ____________
the debtor could not be ____________ at the time they were ____________, are also rescissible.
Article 1383. The ____________ for rescission is ____________; it cannot be ____________ except when
the party ____________ ____________ has no other ____________ means to ____________ ____________
for the same.
Article 1384. Rescission shall be ____________ to the extent ____________ to ____________ the
____________ ____________.
Article 1385. Rescission ____________ the obligation to ____________ the things which were the
____________ of the contract, ____________ with their ____________, and the price with its ____________;
consequently, it can be ____________ out only when he who ____________ rescission can ____________
whatever he may be ____________ to ____________.
Neither shall ____________ take place when the things which are the object of the contract are ____________
in the ____________ of third persons who did not act in ____________ faith.

In this case, ____________ for damages may be ____________ from the person ____________ the
____________.
Article 1386. Rescission referred to in Nos. 1 and 2 of article 1381 shall not take place with ____________ to
contracts ____________ by the ____________.
Article 1387. All contracts by virtue of which the debtor ____________ property by ____________ title are
____________ to have been entered into in ____________ of ____________, when the donor did not
____________ ____________ property to pay all ____________ contracted ____________ the donation.
____________ by ____________ title are also presumed ____________ when made by persons against
whom some ____________ has been ____________ in any instance or some ____________ of
____________ has been ____________. The ____________ or ____________ need not ____________ to
the property ____________, and need not have been ____________ by the party ____________ the
rescission.
In addition to these ____________, the ____________ to ____________ creditors may be ____________ in
any other manner recognized by the law of ____________.
Article 1388. Whoever ____________ in bad faith the ____________ ____________ in fraud of
____________, shall ____________ the latter for damages ____________ by them on ____________ of the
____________, whenever, due to any ____________, it should be ____________ for him to ____________
them.
If there are two or more ____________, the first ____________ shall be ____________ first, and so on
____________.
Article 1389. The ____________ to ____________ rescission must be ____________ ____________
____________ years.
For persons under ____________ and for ____________, the ____________ of four years shall not
____________ until the ____________ of the former's ____________, or until the ____________ of the latter
is ____________.
Article 1390. The following contracts are ____________ or ____________, even though there may have been
no ____________ to the contracting parties:
(1) Those where one of the parties is ____________ of giving ____________ to a contract;
(2) Those where the ____________ is ____________ by mistake, violence, intimidation, undue
influence or fraud.
These contracts are ____________, unless they are ____________ by a ____________ action in
____________. They are ____________ of ____________. (n)
Article 1391. The ____________ for ____________ shall be ____________ within four years.
This period shall ____________:
In cases of ____________, ____________ or ____________ influence, from the time the ____________ of
the consent ____________.
In case of ____________ or ____________, from the time of the ____________ of the same.

And when the action refers to contracts ____________ into by ____________ or other ____________
persons, from the time the ____________ ____________.
Article 1392. ____________ ____________the action to ____________ a ____________ contract.
Article 1393. ____________ may be ____________ ____________ or ____________. It is understood that
there is a ____________ ratification if, with ____________ of the ____________ which renders the contract
____________ and such reason having ____________, the person who has a right to ____________ it should
____________ an act which necessarily ____________ an intention to ____________ his right.
Article 1394. Ratification may be ____________ by the ____________ of the ____________ person.
Article 1395. Ratification does not ____________ the ____________ of the contracting party who has no
____________ to bring the action for ____________.
Article 1396. Ratification ____________ the contract from all its ____________ from the ____________ it was
____________.
Article 1397. The action for the annulment of contracts may be ____________ by all who are thereby
____________ ____________ or ____________. However, persons who are ____________ cannot
____________ the incapacity of those with whom they ____________; nor can those who ____________
intimidation, violence, or undue influence, or ____________ fraud, or ____________ mistake base their action
upon these ____________ of the contract.
Article 1398. An ____________ having been ____________, the contracting parties shall ____________ to
each other the things which have been the subject matter of the contract, with their ____________, and the
price with its interest, except in cases provided by law.
In obligations to ____________ ____________, the ____________ thereof shall be the ____________ for
____________.
Article 1399. When the ____________ of the contract ____________ in the incapacity of one of the parties,
the incapacitated person is not ____________ to make any ____________ except insofar as he has been
____________ by the thing or price ____________ by him.
Article 1400. Whenever the person ____________ by the ____________ of annulment to ____________ the
thing cannot do so because it has been ____________ through his ____________, he shall return the fruits
____________ and the value of the thing at the time of the ____________, with ____________ from the same
____________.
Article 1401. The action for annulment of ____________ shall be ____________ when the thing which is the
object thereof is ____________ through the ____________ or ____________ of the person who has a right to
____________ the ____________.
If the right of action is based upon the ____________ of any one of the contracting parties, the ____________
of the thing shall not be an ____________ to the ____________ of the action, unless said ____________ took
place through the fraud or fault of the ____________.
Article 1402. As long as one of the contracting parties does not ____________ what in virtue of the
____________ of ____________ he is ____________ to ____________, the other cannot be ____________
to ____________ with what is ____________ upon him.
Article 1403. The following contracts are ____________, unless they are ____________:

(1) Those entered into in the ____________ of another person by one who has been given no
____________ or ____________ ____________, or who has acted ____________ his ____________;
(2) Those that do not ____________ with the ____________ of ____________ as set forth in this
number. In the following cases an ____________ hereafter made shall be ____________ by
____________, unless the same, or some note or memorandum, thereof, be in ____________, and
____________ by the party ____________, or by his ____________; ____________, therefore, of the
agreement cannot be ____________ without the ____________, or a ____________ evidence of its
____________:
(a) An agreement that by its ____________ is not to be ____________ within a year from the
____________ thereof;
(b) A ____________ ____________ to ____________ for the ____________, ____________,
or ____________ of another;
(c) An agreement made in ____________ of ____________, other than a mutual
____________ to marry;
(d) An agreement for the ____________ of goods, chattels or things in action, at a price not
____________ than ____________ hundred pesos, unless the buyer ____________ and
receive ____________ of such goods and chattels, or the evidences, or some of them, of such
things in action or pay at the time some part of the ____________ money; but when a sale is
made by ____________ and ____________ is made by the auctioneer in his sales
____________, at the time of the sale, of the ____________ and ____________ of property
sold, terms of sale, price, names of the ____________ and person on whose ____________
the sale is made, it is a ____________ ____________;
(e) An agreement for the ____________ for a ____________ period than ____________ year,
or for the sale of ____________ property or of an ____________ therein;
( f ) A ____________ as to the ____________ of a third person.
(3) Those where ____________ parties are ____________ of giving ____________ to a contract.
Article 1404. ____________ contracts are governed by article 1317 and the principles of ____________ in
Title X of this Book.
Article 1405. Contracts ____________ the Statute of ____________, referred to in No. 2 of article 1403, are
____________ by the ____________ to ____________ to the ____________ of ____________ evidence to
prove the same, or by the ____________ of ____________ under them.
Article 1406. When a contract is ____________ under the Statute of Frauds, and a ____________ document
is ____________ for its ____________ in the Registry of ____________, the parties may ____________
themselves of the right under Article 1357.
Article 1407. In a contract where ____________ parties are incapable of ____________ consent, express or
implied ____________ by the ____________, or ____________, as the case may be, of one of the contracting
parties shall give the contract the same ____________ as if ____________ one of them were ____________.
If ratification is ____________ by the parents or guardians, as the case may be, of both contracting parties, the
contract shall be ____________ from the ____________.
Article 1408. ____________ contracts ____________ be ____________ by third ____________.