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n
=
where, k is the stiffness and m is the mass of the element.
While designing the element of the machine tools, their natural frequencies should be
checked at the design stage and should be ensured as far as possible that the natural
frequency should be 2.5 times greater than highest excitation frequency.
In machine tools, the excitation frequencies generally appear from rotating shaft, gears,
spindles,etc. They are relatively low in most of the machine tools. Eg: If a lathe spindle
rotates with a maximum speed of 1200rpm, it would produce a maximum excitation
frequency of 1200/60 = 20 Hz. Correspondingly, the heaviest lathe unit should have a
natural frequency of
n
= 12.5*20 = 50 Hz.