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Nursing and Midwifery Review
Mezzanine Floor, GAVIEN Building, LANDCO Business Park, LEGAZPI City
TEL. 480-6842
MS Drills 01

1. The client with acute renal failure asks the nurse for a snack. Because the clients potassium level is elevated, which of the
following snacks is most appropriate?
a. A gelatin dessert
b. Yogurt
c. An orange
d. Peanuts
2. In the oliguric phase of acute failure, the nurse should anticipate the development of which of the following complications?
a. Pulmonary edema
b. Metabolic alkalosis
c. Hypotension
d. Hypokalemia
3. An increase in BUN and creatinine levels in clients with renal failure is known as:
a. Encepalopathy
b. Asterixis
c. Azotemia
d. Uremic frost
4. If disequilibrium syndrome occurs during dialysis which of the following would be the priority nursing action?
a. Administer oxygen per nasal cannula
b. Slow the rate of dialysis
c. Reassure the client that the symptoms are normal
d. Place the client Trendelenburgs position
5. The nurse teachers the client how to recognize signs and symptoms of infection in the shunt by telling the client to assess
the shunt each day for :
a. Absence of a bruit
b. Sluggish capillary refill time
c. Coolness of the involved extremity
d. Swelling at the shunt site.
6. The client asks the nurse, How did I get this urinary tract infection? The nurse should explain that in most instances,
cystitis is caused by :
a. Congenital strictures in the urethra
b. An infection elsewhere in the body
c. Urinary stasis in the urinary bladder
d. An ascending infection from the urethra
7. The client, who is a newlywed, is afraid to discuss her diagnosis of cystitis with her husband. Which would be the nurses
best approach?
a. Arrange a meeting with the client, her husband, the physician and the nurse.
b. Insist that the client talk with her husband because good communication is necessary for a successful marriage.
c. Talk first with the husband alone and then with both of them together to share the husband reactions.
d. Spend time with the client addressing her concerns and then stay with her while she talks with her husband
8. Which of the following symptoms would most likely indicate pyelonephritis?
a. Ascites
b. Costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness
c. Polyuria
d. Nausea and vomiting
9. Which of the following factors would put the client at increase risk for pyelonephritis?
a. History of hypertension.
b. Intake of large quantities of cranberry juice.
c. Fluid intake of 2,000 ml/day.
d. History of diabetes mellitus.
10. Which of the following groups of laboratory test is most important for assessing the clients renal status?
a. Serum sodium and potassium levels.
b. Arterial blood gases and hemoglobin.
c. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels.
d. Urinalysis and urine culture.
11. The client with acute pyelonephritis wants to know the possibility of developing chronic pyelonephritis. The nurses
response is based on knowledge that which of the following disorders most commonly leads to chronic
pyelonephritis?
a. Acute pyelonephritis.
b. Recurrent urinary tract infections.
c. Acute renal failure.
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d. Glomerulonephritis.
12. A client has chronic renal failure with persistent hypertension. The nurses actions are guided by the knowledge that this
hypertension is from which one of the following mechanisms?
a. Activation of the aldosterone-estrogen system.
b. Erythropoietin system.
c. Prostaglandin synthesis inhibition.
d. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
13. The nurse assesses the client who has chronic renal failure and notes the following: crackles in the lung bases, elevated
blood pressure, and weight gain of 2 lb in dat. Based on these data, which of the following nursing diagnoses is
appropriate?
a. Excess fluid volume related to the kidneys inability to maintain fluid balance.
b. Ineffective breathing pattern related to fluid in the lungs.
c. Ineffective tissue perfusion related to interrupted arterial blood flow.
d. Ineffective therapeutic regimen management related to lack of knowledge about therapy.
14. The client with chronic renal failure complains of feeling nauseated every day. The nurse should explain that the nausea is
the result of:
a. Acidosis caused by the medications.
b. Accumulation of waste products in the blood.
c. Chronic anemia and fatigue.
d. Excess fluid load.
15. During the clients dialysis, the nurse observes that the solution draining from the abdomen is consistently blood-tinged
after several exchanges. The client has a permanent peritoneal catheter in place. Which interpretation of this
observation would be correct?
a. Bleeding is expected with a permanent peritoneal catheter.
b. Bleeding indicates abdominal blood vessel damage.
c. Bleeding can indicate kidney damage.
d. Bleeding is caused by too-rapid infusion of the dialysate.

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