AbstractThese instructions give you guidelines for

preparing papers for the International Journal of e-

Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning
(IJEEEE. !se this document as a template if you are using
Microsoft "ord #$% or later$ &ther'ise, use this document as
an instruction set$ The electronic file of your paper 'ill (e
formatted further at International Journal of e-Education, e-
Business, e-Management and e-Learning$ )efine all sym(ols
used in the a(stract$ )o not cite references in the a(stract$ )o
not delete the (lan* line immediately a(ove the a(stract+ it
sets the footnote at the (ottom of this column$
Index Terms,(out four *ey 'ords or phrases in
alpha(etical order, separated (y commas$
I. INTRODUCTION
Highlight a section that you want to designate with a
certain style, then select the appropriate name on the style
menu. The style will adjust your onts and line spacing. )o
not change the font si-es or line spacing to s.uee-e more
te/t into a limited num(er of pages$ Use italics or
emphasis! do not underline.
To insert images in Word, position the cursor at the
insertion point and either use Insert " #icture " $rom $ile or
copy the image to the %indows clip&oard and then 'dit "
#aste (pecial " #icture )with *$loat o+er te,t- unchec.ed/.
INT'RN0TION01 2OURN01 O$ '3'DUC0TION, '3
4U(IN'((, '350N06'5'NT 0ND '31'0RNIN6
reser+es the right to do the inal ormatting o your paper.
II. #ROC'DUR' $OR #0#'R (U45I((ION
A. Review Stage
(u&mit your manuscript electronically or re+iew.
B. Final Stage
%hen you su&mit your inal +ersion, ater your paper has
&een accepted, prepare it in two3column ormat, including
igures and ta&les.
C. Figures
0s said, to insert images in Word, position the cursor at
the insertion point and either use Insert " #icture " $rom $ile
or copy the image to the %indows clip&oard and then 'dit "
7
5anuscript recei+ed Octo&er 8, 9::;)%rite the date on which you
su&mitted your paper or re+iew./ This wor. was supported in part &y the U.(.
Department o Commerce under 6rant 4(;9<=>? )sponsor and inancial
support ac.nowledgment goes here/. #aper titles should &e written in
uppercase and lowercase letters, not all uppercase. 0+oid writing long
ormulas with su&scripts in the title! short ormulas that identiy the elements
are ine )e.g., @NdA$eA4@/. Do not write @)In+ited/@ in the title. $ull names o
authors are preerred in the author ield, &ut are not reBuired. #ut a space
&etween authorsC initials.
$. 0. 0uthor is with the National Institute o (tandards and Technology,
4oulder, CO D:<:> U(0 )e3mailE authorF &oulder.nist.go+/.
(. 4. 0uthor, 2r., was with Rice Uni+ersity, Houston, TG HH::> U(0. He
is now with the Department o #hysics, Colorado (tate Uni+ersity, $ort
Collins, CO D:>9< U(0 )e3mailE authorFlamar. colostate.edu/.
T. C. 0uthor is with the 'lectrical 'ngineering Department, Uni+ersity o
Colorado, 4oulder, CO D:<:8 U(0, on lea+e rom the National Research
Institute or 5etals, Tsu.u&a, 2apan )e3mailE authorFnrim.go.jp/.
#aste (pecial " #icture )with *$loat o+er te,t- unchec.ed/.
The authors o the accepted manuscripts will &e gi+en a
copyright orm and the orm should accompany your inal
su&mission.
III. 50TH
I you are using Word, use either the 5icrosot 'Buation
'ditor or the MathType add3on )httpEIIwww.mathtype.com/
or eBuations in your paper )Insert " O&ject " Create New "
5icrosot 'Buation or 5athType 'Buation/. *$loat o+er
te,t- should not &e selected.
IJ. UNIT(
Use either (I )5K(/ or C6( as primary units. )(I units
are strongly encouraged./ 'nglish units may &e used as
secondary units )in parentheses/. This applies to papers in
data storage$ $or e,ample, write *;> 6&Icm
9
);::
6&Iin
9
/.- 0n e,ception is when 'nglish units are used as
identiiers in trade, such as *<L in dis. dri+e.- 0+oid
com&ining (I and C6( units, such as current in amperes
and magnetic ield in oersteds. This oten leads to
conusion &ecause eBuations do not &alance dimensionally.
I you must use mi,ed units, clearly state the units or each
Buantity in an eBuation.
The (I unit or magnetic ield strength H is 0Im.
Howe+er, i you wish to use units o T, either reer to
magnetic lu, density B or magnetic ield strength
sym&oliMed as N:H. Use the center dot to separate
compound units, e.g., *0Om
9
.-
J. H'1#$U1 HINT(
A. Figures and Tables
4ecause the inal ormatting o your paper is limited in
scale, you need to position igures and ta&les at the top and
&ottom o each column. 1arge igures and ta&les may span
&oth columns. #lace igure captions &elow the igures! place
ta&le titles a&o+e the ta&les. I your igure has two parts,
include the la&els *)a/- and *)&/- as part o the artwor..
#lease +eriy that the igures and ta&les you mention in the
te,t actually e,ist. )o not put (orders around the outside
of your figures$ Use the a&&re+iation *$ig.- e+en at the
&eginning o a sentence. Do not a&&re+iate *Ta&le.- Ta&les
are num&ered with Roman numerals.
Include a note with your inal paper indicating that you
reBuest color printing. )o not use color unless it is
necessary for the proper interpretation of your figures$
There is an additional charge or color printing.
$igure a,is la&els are oten a source o conusion. Use
words rather than sym&ols. 0s an e,ample, write the
Buantity *5agnetiMation,- or *5agnetiMation M,- not just
*M.- #ut units in parentheses. Do not la&el a,es only with
units. 0s in $ig. ;, or e,ample, write *5agnetiMation
)0Im/- or *5agnetiMation )0

m
;
/,- not just *0Im.- Do
not la&el a,es with a ratio o Buantities and units. $or
International 2ournal o (ocial (cience and Humanity
)I2((H/
$irst 0. 0uthor, (econd 4. 0uthor, and Third C. 0uthor, Meber, !"#RC
e,ample, write *Temperature )K/,- not *TemperatureIK.-
5ultipliers can &e especially conusing. %rite
*5agnetiMation ).0Im/- or *5agnetiMation );:
<
0Im/.- Do
not write *5agnetiMation )0Im/ ;:::- &ecause the reader
would not .now whether the top a,is la&el in $ig. ; meant
;?::: 0Im or :.:;? 0Im. $igure la&els should &e legi&le,
appro,imately D to ;9 point type.
T041' IE TH' 0RR0N6'5'NT O$ CH0NN'1(
Channels 6roup ; 6roup 9 6roup $
5ain channel Channel ; Channel 9 Channel $
0ssistant channel Channel 9 Channel < Channel ;
$ig. ;. 5agnetiMation as a unction o applied ield.
B. Re%eren$es
Num&er citations consecuti+ely in sBuare &rac.ets P;Q.
The sentence punctuation ollows the &rac.ets P9Q. 5ultiple
reerences P9Q, P<Q are each num&ered with separate
&rac.ets P;QAP<Q. %hen citing a section in a &oo., please
gi+e the rele+ant page num&ers P9Q. In sentences, reer
simply to the reerence num&er, as in P<Q. Do not use *Re.
P<Q- or *reerence P<Q- e,cept at the &eginning o a
sentenceE *Reerence P<Q shows ... .- Num&er ootnotes
separately in superscripts )Insert " $ootnote/.
;
#lace the
actual ootnote at the &ottom o the column in which it is
cited! do not put ootnotes in the reerence list )endnotes/.
Use letters or ta&le ootnotes )see Ta&le I/.
#lease note that the reerences at the end o this
document are in the preerred reerencing style. 6i+e all
authorsR names! do not use *et al.- unless there are si,
authors or more. Use a space ater authorsC initials. #apers
that ha+e not &een pu&lished should &e cited as
*unpu&lished- P=Q. #apers that ha+e &een su&mitted or
pu&lication should &e cited as *su&mitted or pu&lication-
P>Q. #apers that ha+e &een accepted or pu&lication, &ut not
yet speciied or an issue should &e cited as *to &e
pu&lished- P?Q. #lease gi+e ailiations and addresses or
pri+ate communications PHQ.
CapitaliMe only the irst word in a paper title, e,cept or
proper nouns and element sym&ols. $or papers pu&lished in
translation journals, please gi+e the 'nglish citation irst,
ollowed &y the original oreign3language citation PDQ.
C. Abbreviations and A$ronys
Deine a&&re+iations and acronyms the irst time they are
used in the te,t, e+en ater they ha+e already &een deined
in the a&stract. 0&&re+iations such as (I, ac, and dc do not
ha+e to &e deined. 0&&re+iations that incorporate periods
should not ha+e spacesE write *C.N.R.(.,- not *C. N. R. (.-
;
It is recommended that ootnotes &e a+oided )e,cept or the unnum&ered
ootnote with the receipt date on the irst page/. Instead, try to integrate the
ootnote inormation into the te,t.
Do not use a&&re+iations in the title unless they are
una+oida&le )or e,ample, *INT'RN0TION01 2OURN01
O$ '3'DUC0TION, '34U(IN'((, '350N06'5'NT
0ND '31'0RNIN6- in the title o this article/.
#. "&uations
Num&er eBuations consecuti+ely with eBuation num&ers
in parentheses lush with the right margin, as in );/. $irst
use the eBuation editor to create the eBuation. Then select
the *'Buation- mar.up style. #ress the ta& .ey and write
the eBuation num&er in parentheses. To ma.e your
eBuations more compact, you may use the solidus ) I /, the
e,p unction, or appropriate e,ponents. Use parentheses to
a+oid am&iguities in denominators. #unctuate eBuations
when they are part o a sentence, as in
. / ) / ) / " " ) e,p
/Q 9 ) I P / , )
: 9 ;
;
:
: 9
:
9


d r ' r ' ( (
r d dr r F
i i )
r

);/
4e sure that the sym&ols in your eBuation ha+e &een
deined &eore the eBuation appears or immediately
ollowing. ItaliciMe sym&ols )T might reer to temperature,
&ut T is the unit tesla/. Reer to *);/,- not *'B. );/- or
*eBuation );/,- e,cept at the &eginning o a sentenceE
*'Buation );/ is ... .-
". *ther Re$oendations
Use one space ater periods and colons. Hyphenate
comple, modiiersE *Mero3ield3cooled magnetiMation.-
0+oid dangling participles, such as, *Using );/, the
potential was calculated.- PIt is not clear who or what used
);/.Q %rite instead, *The potential was calculated &y using
);/,- or *Using );/, we calculated the potential.-
Use a Mero &eore decimal pointsE *:.9>,- not *.9>.- Use
*cm
<
,- not *cc.- Indicate sample dimensions as *:.; cm
:.9 cm,- not *:.; :.9 cm
9
.- The a&&re+iation or
*seconds- is *s,- not *sec.- Do not mi, complete spellings
and a&&re+iations o unitsE use *%&Im
9
- or *we&ers per
sBuare meter,- not *we&ersIm
9
.- %hen e,pressing a range
o +alues, write *H to 8- or *H38,- not *HS8.-
0 parenthetical statement at the end o a sentence is
punctuated outside o the closing parenthesis )li.e this/. )0
parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the
parentheses./ In 0merican 'nglish, periods and commas
are within Buotation mar.s, li.e *this period.- Other
punctuation is *outside-T 0+oid contractions! or e,ample,
write *do not- instead o *donRt.- The serial comma is
preerredE *0, 4, and C- instead o *0, 4 and C.-
I you wish, you may write in the irst person singular or
plural and use the acti+e +oice )*I o&ser+ed that ...- or *%e
o&ser+ed that ...- instead o *It was o&ser+ed that ...-/.
Remem&er to chec. spelling. I your nati+e language is not
'nglish, please get a nati+e 'nglish3spea.ing colleague to
prooread your paper.
JI. (O5' CO55ON 5I(T0K'(
The word *data- is plural, not singular. The su&script or
the permea&ility o +acuum N: is Mero, not a lowercase letter
*o.- The term or residual magnetiMation is *remanence-!
the adjecti+e is *remanent-! do not write *remnance- or
*remnant.- Use the word *micrometer- instead o
*micron.- 0 graph within a graph is an *inset,- not an
*insert.- The word *alternati+ely- is preerred to the word
*alternately- )unless you really mean something that
alternates/. Use the word *whereas- instead o *while-
)unless you are reerring to simultaneous e+ents/. Do not
use the word *essentially- to mean *appro,imately- or
*eecti+ely.- Do not use the word *issue- as a euphemism
or *pro&lem.- %hen compositions are not speciied,
separate chemical sym&ols &y en3dashes! or e,ample,
*Ni5n- indicates the intermetallic compound Ni:.>5n:.>
whereas *NiA5n- indicates an alloy o some composition
Ni,5n;3,.
4e aware o the dierent meanings o the homophones
*aect- )usually a +er&/ and *eect- )usually a noun/,
*complement- and *compliment,- *discreet- and
*discrete,- *principal- )e.g., *principal in+estigator-/ and
*principle- )e.g., *principle o measurement-/. Do not
conuse *imply- and *iner.-
#rei,es such as *non,- *su&,- *micro,- *multi,- and
*@ultra- are not independent words! they should &e joined to
the words they modiy, usually without a hyphen. There is
no period ater the *et- in the 1atin a&&re+iation *et al.- )it
is also italiciMed/. The a&&re+iation *i.e.,- means *that is,-
and the a&&re+iation *e.g.,- means *or e,ample- )these
a&&re+iations are not italiciMed/.
0n e,cellent style manual and source o inormation or
science writers is P8Q.
JII. 'DITORI01 #O1ICU
The su&mitting author is responsi&le or o&taining
agreement o all coauthors and any consent reBuired rom
sponsors &eore su&mitting a paper. It is the o&ligation o
the authors to cite rele+ant prior wor..
0uthors o rejected papers may re+ise and resu&mit them
to the journal again.
JIII.#U41IC0TION #RINCI#1'(
The contents o the journal are peer3re+iewed and
archi+al. The journal International 2ournal o e3'ducation,
e34usiness, e35anagement and e31earning pu&lishes
scholarly articles o archi+al +alue as well as tutorial
e,positions and critical re+iews o classical su&jects and
topics o current interest.
0uthors should consider the ollowing pointsE
;/ Technical papers su&mitted or pu&lication must
ad+ance the state o .nowledge and must cite rele+ant
prior wor..
9/ The length o a su&mitted paper should &e
commensurate with the importance, or appropriate to
the comple,ity, o the wor.. $or e,ample, an o&+ious
e,tension o pre+iously pu&lished wor. might not &e
appropriate or pu&lication or might &e adeBuately
treated in just a ew pages.
</ 0uthors must con+ince &oth peer re+iewers and the
editors o the scientiic and technical merit o a paper!
the standards o proo are higher when e,traordinary or
une,pected results are reported.
=/ 4ecause replication is reBuired or scientiic progress,
papers su&mitted or pu&lication must pro+ide
suicient inormation to allow readers to perorm
similar e,periments or calculations and use the
reported results. 0lthough not e+erything need &e
disclosed, a paper must contain new, usea&le, and ully
descri&ed inormation. $or e,ample, a specimenCs
chemical composition need not &e reported i the main
purpose o a paper is to introduce a new measurement
techniBue. 0uthors should e,pect to &e challenged &y
re+iewers i the results are not supported &y adeBuate
data and critical details.
IG. CONC1U(ION
0 conclusion section is not reBuired. 0lthough a
conclusion may re+iew the main points o the paper, do not
replicate the a&stract as the conclusion. 0 conclusion might
ela&orate on the importance o the wor. or suggest
applications and e,tensions.
0##'NDIG
0ppendi,es, i needed, appear &eore the
ac.nowledgment.
0CKNO%1'D65'NT
The preerred spelling o the word *ac.nowledgment- in
0merican 'nglish is without an *e- ater the *g.- Use the
singular heading e+en i you ha+e many ac.nowledgments.
0+oid e,pressions such as *One o us )(.4.0./ would li.e
to than. ... .- Instead, write *$. 0. 0uthor than.s ... .-
0ponsor and financial support ac*no'ledgments are
placed in the unnum(ered footnote on the first page.
R'$'R'NC'(
(1eriodical style
P;Q (. Chen, 4. 5ulgrew, and #. 5. 6rant, *0 clustering techniBue or
digital communications channel eBualiMation using radial &asis unction
networ.s,- !""" Trans. on +eural +etwor,s, +ol. =, pp. >H:3>HD, 2uly
;88<.
P9Q 2. U. Duncom&e, *Inrared na+igationV#art IE 0n assessment o
easi&ility,- !""" Trans. "le$tron #evi$es, +ol. 'D3;;, pp. <=3<8, 2an.
;8>8.
P<Q C. U. 1in, 5. %u, 2. 0. 4loom, I. 2. Co,, and 5. 5iller, *Rotation,
scale, and translation resilient pu&lic watermar.ing or images,- !"""
Trans. !age -ro$ess., +ol. ;:, no. >, pp. H?H3HD9, 5ay 9::;.
(Boo* style
P=Q 0. Cichoc.i and R. Un&eha+en, +eural +etwor,s %or *ptii(ation and
Signal -ro$essing, ;st ed. Chichester, U.K.E %iley, ;88<, ch. 9, pp. =>3
=H.
P>Q %.3K. Chen, .inear +etwor,s and Systes, 4elmont, C0E %adsworth,
;88<, pp. ;9<3;<>.
P?Q H. #oor, An !ntrodu$tion to Signal #ete$tion and "stiation! New
Uor.E (pringer3Jerlag, ;8D>, ch. =.
(Boo* style 'ith paper title and editor
PHQ R. 0. (choltM, *The (pread (pectrum Concept,- in Multiple A$$ess, N.
0&ramson, 'd. #iscataway, N2E I''' #ress, ;88<, ch. <, pp. ;9;3;9<.
PDQ 6. O. Uoung, *(ynthetic structure o industrial plastics,- in -lasti$s,
9nd ed. +ol. <, 2. #eters, 'd. New Uor.E 5c6raw3Hill, ;8?=, pp. ;>3?=.
(1u(lished 2onference 1roceedings style
P8Q (. #. 4ingulac, *On the compati&ility o adapti+e controllers,- in -ro$.
/th Annu. Allerton Con%. Cir$uits and Systes Theory, New Uor.,
;88=, pp. D3;?.
P;:Q %. D. Doyle, *5agnetiMation re+ersal in ilms with &ia,ial anisotropy,-
in -ro$. 0123 !+T"RMA4 Con%., ;8DH, pp. 9.93;39.93?.
(1resented 2onference 1aper style
P;;Q 6. %. 2uette and 1. '. Weanella, *Radio noise currents n short sections
on &undle conductors,- presented at the I''' (ummer #ower 5eeting,
Dallas, TG, 2une 9939H, ;88:.
(Thesis or )issertation style
P;9Q 2. %illiams, *Narrow3&and analyMer,- #h.D. dissertation, Dept. 'lect.
'ng., Har+ard Uni+., Cam&ridge, 50, ;88<.
P;<Q N. Kawasa.i, *#arametric study o thermal and chemical
noneBuili&rium noMMle low,- 5.(. thesis, Dept. 'lectron. 'ng., Osa.a
Uni+., Osa.a, 2apan, ;88<.
(1atent style
P;=Q 2. #. %il.inson, *Nonlinear resonant circuit de+ices,- U.(. #atent < ?9=
;9, 2uly ;?, ;88:.
(0tandards style
P;>Q .etter Sybols %or 5uantities, 0N(I (tandard U;:.>3;8?D.
(3and(oo* style
P;?Q Transission Systes %or Couni$ations, <rd ed., %estern 'lectric
Co., %inston3(alem, NC, ;8D>, pp. ==3?:.
P;HQ Motorola Sei$ondu$tor #ata Manual, 5otorola (emiconductor
#roducts Inc., #hoeni,, 0W, ;8D8.
(Journal &nline 0ources style
P;DQ R. 2. Jidmar. )0ugust ;889/. On the use o atmospheric plasmas as
electromagnetic relectors. !""" Trans. -lasa S$i. POnlineQ. 9;)</.
pp. DH?3DD:. 0+aila&leE httpEIIwww.halcyon.comIpu&IjournalsI9;ps:<3
+idmar
)0ll authors should include &iographies with photo at the end o regular
papers./
4irst ,$ ,uthor and the other authors may include
&iographies at the end o regular papers. 4iographies
are oten not included in conerence3related papers.
This author &ecame a 5em&er )5/ o I0'N6. The
irst paragraph may contain a place andIor date o &irth
)list place, then date/. Ne,t, the authorRs educational
&ac.ground is listed. The degrees should &e listed with
type o degree in what ield, which institution, city,
state or country, and year degree was earned. The
authorRs major ield o study should &e lower3cased.
The second paragraph uses the pronoun o the person )he or she/ and not
the authorRs last name. It lists military and wor. e,perience, including
summer and ellowship jo&s. 2o& titles are capitaliMed. The current jo& must
ha+e a location! pre+ious positions may &e listed without one. Inormation
concerning pre+ious pu&lications may &e included. Try not to list more than
three &oo.s or pu&lished articles. The ormat or listing pu&lishers o a &oo.
within the &iography isE title o &oo. )city, stateE pu&lisher name, year/ similar
to a reerence. Current and pre+ious research interests ends the paragraph.
The third paragraph &egins with the authorRs title and last name )e.g., Dr.
(mith, #ro. 2ones, 5r. Kajor, 5s. Hunter/. 1ist any mem&erships in
proessional societies other than the I0'N6. $inally, list any awards and
wor. or committees and pu&lications. I a photograph is pro+ided, the
&iography will &e indented around it. The photograph is placed at the top let
o the &iography. #ersonal ho&&ies will &e deleted rom the &iography.
0uthorRs ormal
photo