1

Introduction

1.1 Industry profile

A Brief History of Information Technology

The information technology is not new to the world. It is been used from many
years but they were in different forms and different techniques were used. As time
passed the technology also went on changing, The Information Technology got a new
dimension when it got the technology support. There are few stages which help us to
know about the changes happened in the Information Technology sector.

1. The Premechanical Age: 3000 B.C. - 1450 A.D.

During this period the people were trying to use some symbols, pictures and tried to
communicate by speaking to each other. By Around 2000 B.C., Phoenicians created
symbols, later The Greeks later adopted the Phoenician alphabet and added vowels;
the Romans gave the letters Latin names to create the alphabet we use today.
Sumerians' input technology was a stylus that could scratch marks in wet clay. About
2600 B.C., the Egyptians write on the papyrus plant and later, around 100 A.D., the
Chinese made paper from rags, on which modern-day papermaking is based. The
Religious leaders in Mesopotamia kept the earliest "books" for future reference. The
Egyptians kept scrolls and Around 600 B.C., the Greeks began to fold sheets of
papyrus vertically into leaves and bind them together, later the number system started
by Egyptian system ,The numbers 1-9 as vertical lines, the number 10 as a U or circle,
the number 100 as a coiled rope, and the number 1,000 as a lotus blossom. The first
numbering systems similar to those in use today were invented between 100 and 200
A.D. by Hindus in India who created a nine-digit numbering system. Around 875
A.D., the concept of zero was developed. And by using the zero and one the
computers are operated.
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2. The Mechanical Age: 1450 - 1840

This was the stage where the machines were used to speed up the work and to
make the work easier. The First Information Explosion was by Johann Gutenberg who
invented the movable metal-type printing process in 1450.the name ‘computer’ was
given to those people who were working with numbers. Under this stage the invented
the first basic model of calculator and a slide rule. This by gradual development of
book indexes and the widespread by using the page numbers.

3. The Electromechanical Age: 1840 - 1940.

During this period the machines were used with the help of electricity to store
and retrieve the data. The few machines which were used during this period are radio,
Morse Code machines, telegraph, electronic waves. The discovery of ways to harness
electricity was the key advance made during this period. Knowledge and information
could now be converted into electrical impulses. In the beginning of
telecommunication around late 18th century Voltaic battery was found later in early
1800s telegram was used. Again in the year 1835 Samuel Morse developed Morse
code in which dots & dashes were used. In the year 1876 Alexander Graham Bell
invented Telephone & Radio which is still in existence. Followed by the discovery
that electrical waves travel through space and can produce an effect far from the point
at which they originated. These two events led to the invention of the radio by
Guglielmo Marconi in 1894. Then electromechanical computing was invented by
Herman Hollerith and IBM. During this period the IBM invented a machine which
was used to Paper tape stored data and program instructions. This machine was ready
for use on January 1942, it was built by using 8 feet tall, 51 feet long, 2 feet thick,
weighed 5 tons, used about 750,000 parts.

4. The Electronic Age: 1940 - Present.

The generation of computers was found in this stage. Hear the computers were
made able to use the vacuum tubes. Then Eckert and Mauchly found first high speed
General-Purpose Computer using Vacuum Tubes called Electronic Numerical
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Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) in 1946. Then many machines came into existence
later personal computer was invented later even super computers have been used, now
laptops & palm tops are widely used.

By seeing the above four stages of the computer we can come to know the
process of information technology is changing day by day. Now the computers are
playing a tremendous role in the field of information technology.

Now in the modern world no one let the opportunity so in IT sector there are
many companies which are playing in the market. They are:

1.2 MAJOR PLAYERS IN INDIA

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RANK RANK COMPANY CEO/COUNTRY HEAD Revenue (Rs crore) Growth (%) 06-
06-07 07-08 06-07 07-08 07 06-07

1 1 TCS S Ramadorai 17,560 21,465 34 22

2 2 Wipro Suresh 13,252 16,884 41 27
Vaswani/Girish
Paranjpe
3 3 Infosys S Gopalakrishnan 13,240 15,758 45 19
Technologies
4 4 Hewlett-Packard Neelam Dhawan 11,917 15,454 37 30
India
5 5 IBM India Shanker 8,245 10,179 52 23
Annaswamy
6 6 Ingram Micro K Jaishankar 6,896 8,620 25 25
7 7 Satyam Computer Ramalinga Raju 6,111 7,889 34 29
Services
11 8 Cognizant Francisco D Souza 4,584 6,310 83 38
Technology
Solutions
8 9 Redington India PS Neogi/EH 5,023 6,280 23 25
Kasturi Rangan
9 10 HCL Technologies Vineet Nayar 4,930 6,200 39 26
12 11 Cisco Systems Naresh Wadhwa 4,424 5,837 30 32
10 12 Oracle India Krishan Dhawan 4,753 5,808 52 22
15 13 HCL Infosystems Ajai Chowdhry 3,522 5,058 32 44
14 14 Intel Praveen 3,760 4,310 14 15
Vishaknantaiah
16 16 Tech Mahindra Vineet Nayar 2,900 3,636 133 25
18 17 Microsoft India Ravi Venkatesan 2,580 3,263 26 26
24 18 SAP India Ranjan Das 1,774 3,260 33 84
21 19 Dell India Sameer Garde 2,000 3,200 66 60
19 20 Lenovo India Amar Babu 2,562 3,014 35 18

1.3 HISTORY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDIA

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India’s software exporting industry is one of the world’s successful

information technology industries. Begun in 1974, it employed 345,000 persons in
2004 and earned revenue of $12.2 billion, equal to 3.3% of global software services
spending. The industry originated under untypical conditions. Local markets were
absent and government policy toward private enterprise was hostile. These conditions
influenced the industry’s origins. The industry was begun by Bombay-based
conglomerates which entered the business by supplying global IT firms located
overseas with programmers. Their success owed to the innovative exploitation of a
new global market opportunity and protection from transnational corporations and
startups by policy.

IT INDUSTRY IN INDIA

The Indian information technology sector has been instrumental in driving the
nation's economy onto the rapid growth curve. According to the Nasscom-Deloitte
study, the Information Technology industry's contribution to the country's GDP has
increased to a share of 5.2 per cent in 2007, as against 1.2 per cent in 1998.

Further, the IT and BPO industries are poised to clock revenues worth US$ 64
billion by the end of fiscal year 2008, registering a growth of 33 per cent with exports
expected to cross US$ 40 billion and the domestic market estimated to clock over
US$ 23 billion, according to a study. Simultaneously, the Indian Information
Technology services market is estimated to remain the fastest growing in the Asia
Pacific region with a CAGR of 18.6 per cent, as per a study by Springboard Research.

India's Information Technology growth in the world is primarily dominated by

Information Technology software and services such as Custom Application
Development and Maintenance (CADM), System Integration, Information
Technology Consulting, Application Management, Infrastructure Management
Services, Software testing, Service-oriented architecture and Web services.

A report by the Electronics and Software Export Promotion Council (ESC)

estimates software exports to register a 33 per cent growth in the current financial
year with export figures during FY 2008 expected to reach US$ 45 billion. The
country's Information Technology exports have, in fact, come quite far, starting from
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a few million dollars in the early 1990s. The Government expects the exports turnover
to touch US$ 80 billion by 2011, growing at an annual rate of 30 per cent per annum

CAREER PROSPECTS

In the year 2006-07, the industry hired approximately 3, 80,000 people. Out of
these, the Information Technology sector hired 2, 00,000 people and the rest were
taken by Information Technology sector. The recruitment trends of some Information
Technology giants are given below:

TCS- 35,000

Infosys-30,000

Wipro-28,000

Satyam-20,000

Some of the areas of specialization in the Information Technology Industry are-

□ Designing
□ Research and Development in Peripheral Integration
□ Product Quality Control and Reliability Testing
□ Computer Manufacturing
□ Maintenance Service
□ System Developing /Programming /Software Engineering
□ Networking
□ Application Programming
□ EDP/ E- Commerce
□ Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
□ Database Warehousing and Management
□ Operating jobs, Computer operators, Data Entry
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Government attitude to the information sector

Changes in information technology have the potential for impacting the way in
which individuals participate in politics, such as future online voting and registration,
and obtain information from government. Yet because of unequal access to
technology, the Internet may only increase turnout rates or information among those
who are already predisposed to vote or become engaged, broadening the gulf between
those groups that do and do not participate. Consistent with cross-national accounts of
the digital divide, our data on willingness to use information technology for political
purposes reveals a democratic divide individuals with higher education and income
are more supportive of digital democracy, and are more likely to participate in politics
online. Our research suggests the Internet may increase the participation gap based on
education and income, while reducing the disparities in participation based on age.
Overall support for different forms of political participation varied from a low of 48%
for online voting, to a high of 78% for searching for government information online.
Education emerged as the most important factors in the democratic divide. Support
for online voting and online registration were 19 and 22 percentage points higher
among individuals with a college degree compared to those with only a high school
diploma, holding other factors constant. This mirrors existing disparities in civic
participation, which are largely associated with educational differences. This suggests
that in order to close the democratic divide in cyberspace, as well as traditional
politics, education will be crucial as well as access to technology

Competitive conditions
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No industry in market is free from threats, so the threats and rivalry or the
competitors are common in the business. This can be easily explained with the help of
the Five Forces Model of Porter.

1. In the Five Forces Model, Porter explains that in any industry there are
five forces that influence what happens within the industry:

1. Rivalry among Existing companies

2. Threat of new entrants
3. Threat of substitutes
4. Bargaining power of suppliers
5. Bargaining power of buyers
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The porters model helps us to identify our business competitors and the threats.
Information Technology business is never out of threats and Rivals. Information
Technology companies have many compotators as well as threat of new entrains, as
Information Technology is never ending as it is coming with new and new
innovations to reduce the work load. The Information Technology business is still a
child in this sector. The life for this sector in very long. So the new companies are
entering into this business day by day.

Competitors:Those companies which are providing the same services which we are
providing in the market. The companies which want to overtake our company by
providing the same services to the customers.

New Entrants: These are the companies which are coming into the same market to
provide the same service, which is been right now provided by us and by our
compotators. These are entering into market to compete with us.

Customers: Customers are the people who need software and web sites for their
organization. All the people who need internet for the day to day transactions to run
their business.

Suppliers: In Information Technology sector there are very less physical suppliers,
but the Information Technology companies suppliers are the companies who will
provide them by there needs to develop a software and web site. Some of them are the
domain name provider, templates provider, programmer writers.

Substitutes: Other means and sources for the same products, web hosting, designing,
web maintaining, securities for web sites.

Using the five forces, we can get a clearer picture of the business environment
in which our Website competes.

Future Ahead: The Indian Information Technology sector continues to be one of the
important sectors which will lead, India to become a developed country.

1.4 Future of Information Technology Industry in INDIA

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• Expected 33% growth rate in FY2008 to reach US$ 45 billion.

• Govt. expects the export turn over to touch US$ 80 billion by 2011, with
growing at an annual rate of 30 % per year.
• McKinsey believes revenues from Information Technology Industry will reach
$87bn by 2008.

A report prepared by McKinsey for NASSCOM, the exports component of the

Indian industry is expected to reach US$ 175 billion in revenue by 2020. The
domestic component will contribute US$ 50 billion in revenue by 2020. Together, the
export and domestic markets are likely to bring in US$ 225 billion in revenue, as new
opportunities emerge in areas such as public sector and healthcare, and as geographies
including BRIC and Japan opt for greater outsourcing.

One of the major advantages of Information Technology sector of India is that,

India is only 25% dependent on the U.S orders. 75% of it is free from U.S statements
or actions against the Information Technology sector. India’s Information Technology
exports to touch US$ 60 billion by 2010. Exports contribute nearly 65 % of
Information Technology sector revenue.
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INDIAN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY SECTOR

-Figures in US $ billions

FY 2004 FY 2005 FY 2006 FY 2007 FY 2008

Information 10.4 13.5 17.8 23.5 31

Technology
Services
Exports 7.3 10 13.3 18 23.1
Domestic 3.1 3.5 4.5 5.5 7.9
BPO 3.4 5.2 7.2 9.5 12.5
Exports 3.1 4.6 6.3 8.4 10.9
Domestic 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.6
Engineering 2.9 3.8 5.3 6.5 8.5
Services and
R&D, Software
Products
Exports 2.5 3.1 4.0 4.9 6.3
Domestic 0.4 0.7 1.3 1.6 2.2

1.5 Career Opportunity in Information Technology

 Software Engineers
 Web Developers
 System Analysts
 Consultants
 Technical Writers
 E-Commerce
 Web Masters
 Networking
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IT: One of the Fastest Growing Sector in India

Revenues - USD 36 billion (2006 Est.)
CAGR (FY 2004-06) - 30 %
Contribution to GDP up from 2% in 2000 to 5% in 2006

Exports - USD 23.5 billion (2006 Est.)

CAGR (FY 2004-06) - 35 %
Has nearly doubled in last three years
Domestic Market - USD 13 billion (2006 Est.)
CAGR (FY 2004-06) - 22%

1.6 MARKET SIZE:

More than 80% of

revenues come from
Exports and only 20%
from domestic

Figure: Revenues from domestic and export (in

USD billion)

1.7 MARKET SHARE:

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Figure: Indian Information Technology industry Revenue Break-up by company

Sources of Revenue:

Indian Information Technology market is dominated by a few large companies

with presence of a number of small and medium companies. Information Technology
industry is largely dependent on Banking and financial industry. With the decline in
these sectors, the revenue from these is expected to decline, hurting the bottom-line of
Information Technology majors. This calls for exploring new verticals.

Industry Share prices relative to industry earnings

P/E ratios – increased from 19.81(1995) to 26.49(2008)

When P/E ratio is increased the profit will increase and the share holders
invest more on one unit of share.

Dividend Yield - 1.144909

When yield is increasing means that the company is going under profit and the
share holders will get there profit amount in the form of dividend.

1.8 7S Model
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Style:
Infosys believes that leadership is one of the most essential ingredients of
organizational success which is provided by its Chairman, N R Narayanmurthy.
Leadership is based on high business vision and predominantly supportive styles.
There is emphasis on developing leadership qualities among employees. For this
purpose, it has established "Infosys Leadership Institute". Top management
emphasizes on open door policy, continuous sharing of information, takes inputs from
employees in decision making, and builds personal rapport with employees. As we
have seen over last few years, we have seen smooth transition from N R
Narayanmurthy to Nandan Nilakeni and from Nandan Nilakeni to Kris Gopalkrishnan
without any adverse effects on the company outlook and each one has proved to be an
able leader taking company forward.
Staff (Human Resources):
Since Infosys is in knowledge-based industry, it focuses on the quality of the
human resources. Out of total personnel, about 90 per cent are engineers. At the entry
level, it emphasizes on selecting candidates who find the company's meritocratic
culture satisfying, superior academic records, technical skills, and high level of learn
ability. The company emphasizes on training and development of its employees on
continuous basis and spends about 2.65 per cent of its revenues on up gradation of
employees' skills, and around 50% as employee costs. In spite of thousands of people
joining every month, Infosys has been able to maintain its training standard mostly
due to its highly matured processes capabilities and investment in infrastructure.
Strategy:
Infosys has adopted a client-focused strategy to achieve growth. Rather than focusing
on numerous small organizations, it focuses on limited number of large organizations
throughout world. In order to cater its clients, the company emphasizes on custom-
built software’s. Another differentiating factor for Infosys is that it commands
premium margins. Company does not negotiate over margins beyond a certain limit
and some time prefers to walk-out rather than compromise on quality for low-cost
contracts. This has helped in building an image for quality driven model rather than
cost-differentiating model.
Shared Values:
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Values are important part of Infosys's organizational culture. In fact its tagline depicts
how much emphasis it lays on core values. The core values are:

• Customer Delight: A commitment to surpassing customer expectations.

• Leadership by Example: A commitment to set standards in business and

transactions and be an exemplar for the industry and teams.

• Integrity and Transparency: A commitment to be ethical, sincere and open in our

dealings.

• Fairness: A commitment to be objective and transaction-oriented, thereby earning

trust and respect.

• Pursuit of Excellence: A commitment to strive relentlessly, to constantly improve

ourselves, our teams, our services and products so as to become the best.
System:
Infosys focuses on emerging trends, new technologies, specific industries and
pervasive business issues that confront our clients. In recent years, it has added new
service offerings, such as consulting, business process management, systems
integration and infrastructure management, which are major contributors to its
growth.
Structure:
The company has adopted a free form organization devoid of hierarchies.
Everyone is known as associates irrespective of his position in the company. Software
development is undertaken through teams and the constitution of teams is based on
the principle of flexibility. A member, who might have been team leader in one
project, may be replaced by another member of the same team for another project.
This system not only helps in creating the feeling of equality but also helps in
developing project leaders.
Skills:
From last year, Infosys has made it mandatory for every employee 7uto clear a
predefined certifications, domain as well as technical, in order to be eligible for
appraisal. This is just one of the initiatives taken by Infosys which signifies the efforts
taken for building competencies. Apart from internal initiatives like knowledge
management, Infosys has been CMM-Level 5 certified for its process capabilities.
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Infosys has entered the Balanced Scorecard Hall of Fame for Executing Strategy for
achieving breakthrough performance results using the Balanced Scorecard (BSC).

Figure: Number of employees in Information Technology Sector (Direct

employment)

IT industry provides direct employment to more than 20 lakh people; indirect

employment number goes far beyond.

Source: CUED analysis

1.9 ESTABLISHED IT HUBS in INDIA
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LABOUR CONDITIONS
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2006-2007 2007-08
Number of engineering 501,000 536,000
graduates
Degree 270,000 290,000
Diploma & MCA 231,000 246,000
Number of Information 280,000 303,000
Technology (computer
science,electronics,telecom
professionals)
Engineering Information 162,000 180,000
Technology graduates
Engineering Information 118,000 123,000
Technology
graduates(diploma)

India creates a large pool of skilled Information Technology professionals each year,
to meet industry requirements

1.10 SWOT ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SECTOR

Strengths
Large human resources
Every year, approximately 19 million students are enrolled in high schools and 10
million students in pre-graduate degree courses across India. Moreover, 2.1 million
graduates and 0.3 million post-graduates pass out of India's non-engineering colleges.
While 2.5-3 percent of them find jobs in other fields or pursue further studies abroad,
the rest opt for employment in the Information Technology industry. If the flow from
high schools to graduate courses increases even marginally, there will be a massive
increase in the number of skilled workers available to the industry. Even at current
rates, there will approximately be 17 million people available to the Information
Technology industry by 2008.

Indian Education System

The Indian education system places strong emphasis on mathematics and science,
resulting in a large number of science and engineering graduates. Mastery over
quantitative concepts coupled with English proficiency has resulted in a skill set that
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has enabled the country to take advantage of the current international demand for
Information Technology.

Quality Manpower
Indian programmers are known for their strong technical skills and their eagerness
to accommodate clients. In some cases, clients outsource work to get access to more
specialized engineering talent, particularly in the area of telecommunications. India
also has one of the largest pools of English-speaking professionals.
Strengths at a Glance
• Great history in software development
• English Language proficiency
• Government Support and policies
• Cost advantage
• Strong tertiary education
• Process quality focus
• Skilled workforce
• Expertise in new technologies
• Entrepreneurship
• Reasonable technical innovations
• Reverse brain drain
• Existing long term relationships
• Creation of global brands
• Expansion of existing relationships
• Chinese domestic & export market
• Leverage relationships in West to access overseas markets
• Indian domestic-market growth
Weaknesses
• Excessive dependence on USA for revenues
US Companies are cutting down Information Technology budget hence
revenues to be hit hard of Indian Information Technology firms
• Excessive dependence on BFSI sector for revenues - Banking sector is
facing a crisis globally and is going to spend less on Information Technology.
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•High rates of attrition - Although slowdown in global economy has lowered

attrition rate but the industry still faces high attrition rates as compared to
other sectors.
• Decreasing competitive advantage - rising salary expenses is taking away
the cost advantage enjoyed by India.
• Absence of practical knowledge
• Work load on workers will be more
• Less Research and Development
• Contribution of Information Technology sector to India’s GDP is still
rather small.
• Employee salaries in Information Technology sector are increasing
tremendously.
• Low wages benefit will soon come to an end.

Opportunities

• Greater scope to service domains other than BFSI such as Transportation,

Infrastructure, etc.
• Greater scope for product innovation
• Increased focus on high end work like consulting and KPO
• Domestic demand for IT services is to grow at 20%
• Growth in internet marketing
• Increase in internet users
• High quality IT education market
• Increasing number of working age people
• India 's well developed soft infrastructure
• Upcoming International Players in the market
• Moves towards the economic growth

Threats
• Global economic slowdown may continue for several years - hence low
Information Technology spending globally US Government, against
outsourcing
• Shrinking margins due to rising wage inflation
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• Rupee-dollar movement affects revenue and hence margins

• Increased competition from foreign firms like Accenture, IBM etc.
• Increased competition from low-wage countries like China, Indonesia etc.
• Hackers problems
• Countries like China and Philippines with qualified workforce making efforts
to overcome the English language barrier
• Information Technology development concentrated in a few cities only
• Lack of data security systems

1.11 SWOT ANALYSIS OF FORADIAN TECHNOLOGIES

Strengths:

• The strong man power

• Experienced advisor
• Young and dynamic designers
• A software company with marketing department
• Concentrating on many services in one sector

Weaknesses:
• Less known to big companies
Opportunities:
• Increasing online marketing
• Brand building conscious is getting popular
Threats:
• The big competitors like Wipro and Infosys
• Rescission
• Setup cost

1.12 Suggestions to companies:

1. Companies must provide diverse services to refrain from being over-dependent and
increasing exposure to the vulnerabilities of few sectors/companies/geographies.
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2. Provide more high-end services in value chain (3rd WAVE in Information

Technology)
There is a move required from ADM (Application Development and maintenance),
BPO to Consulting and Package Implementation, etc.
3. Shift in focus from Low cost advantage to high quality services.
4. Consolidation and strategic acquisitions are essential for future growth of revenues.
5. Quickly adapt to high growth markets is necessary: In FY2010, Indian domestic
market grew by 20%.

COMPANY PROFILE

FORADIAN TECHNOLOGIES PVT LTD.

2.1 Company at a Glance
Serial Company at a Glance Name of the industrial concern
No
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1 Name of the company Foradian Technologies Pvt Ltd

2 Address
a) Founded 2009
b) Registered office Mangalore

3. Directors
a) President Abdul Salam
b) Chief Executive Officer Unni Krishnan
c) Chief Technical Officer Aravind G S
d) Chief Operations Officer Vishwajith
e) Managing Director Abdul Hisham
f) Chief Marketing Officer-India Arun Raveendran
g) Chief Marketing Officer-Asia Praveen Prabhu
Pacific
4 Line of activity Brand identity,Internet
identity,Software Development.
5 Size of the industry Small Scale Industry
6 Industry Internet Engineering Company
7 Website www.Foradion.com

2.2 Meaning of Foradian

Foradian is a name initially coined from “four” and “radian”

Radian is the unit of angular measurement in two dimensional physics.

Steradian is the unit of angular measurement in three dimensional physics. We coined
the term Foradian as the unit of angular measurement in four dimensional physics.
Our motto is “business in next dimension”. Which means taking the offline business
to online i.e., the new dimension of internet.

2.3 MISSION

1 Internet identity

2 Delight by making them succeed

3 Web = Foradian

4 Web 3.0 leaders

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5 Power of internet to normal people

6 One world

7 Net neutrality

8 Safe and secure internet

2.4 VISION

• To be the most successful and profitable company in the world by 2030

• To come with new products and services which no other company have

OBJECTIVES

• Achieve a total revenue of Rs.10 crore in the first year of operations

• To be the best internet engineering company in India by 2011
• To develop and launch our first killer application by 2012
• To be one of the top5 internet engineering companies in the world by 2013
• To generate a total revenue of Rs.10k crore in 2015

Foradian Philosophies:
• ONE WORLD
• BE WATER
• FREEDOM

Man Power:
ADMINISTRATION TECHNICAL
1) General Manager 1) Engineer
2) Chief Accounts 2) Designers
3) Receptionist 3) Trainee’s
4) Marketing manager 4) Attenders
5) HR manager 5) Project manager
6) Others
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Means of finance:
a) Promoters Contribution 25,00,000
b) Term loan 000000
Total 25,00,000

2.5 Background or About the Company:

Foradian Technologies Pvt Ltd was started in the month of April in 2009.the
company main office was started in kasargoud.hear all the technical work is been
done. The technical office had been made in kasargood because of the proprietor’s
decisions. The kasargoud was the home town of many of the proprietors. Then they
had a franchise type of office in dubai. The head office of the company is in
Mangalore and another office is in Bangalore.
In future the company is planning to enter the securities sector and advertising
sector. The company is planning to come with many new killer products to get them
self to be identified in the market.

2.6 DEPARTMENT STUDY

HUMAN RESOURCE:
With a corporate philosophy that considers Human Resource as the most
prized assets of the organization, it’s natural for the company to continually gone
employee skills; enhance their knowledge and their expertise. The company will
motivate the employs by boosting their skills and knowledge by giving them training
when needed.
 Foradian believes that their staffs are one of the best in their field like
designers and marketing people are there main strength.
 Foradian believes that their future depends on their staff who are providing
services to their valued customers and stay in touch with them.
 To meet technological challenges, the company is trying to do the work by
using all new technologies in the market.
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 The company is having its training center in kasrgoud and they are planning to
open another branch in Bangalore by next year. Marketing training is right
now given in Mangalore and Bangalore.

MARKETING
Marketing process followed by Foradian.
 Discovering what product, service or idea customers need.
 Producing a product or service with multiple options.
 Fixing the price according to the market competition.
 Promoting the product and services through viral marketing; spreading the
world about why customers should buy it.
 Selling delivering the product through mails and other software’s.

Marketing Positioning Strategies

On the basis of Market Analysis

1. Size
According to a survey 1.8 billion users will in 2010.so there a lot more to come in this
field and by this we can expect a big growth in the internet marketing.
2. Products and services
Web designing, web hosting, web maintaining, logo design, software, brand
identity.
3. Trends
New features website, gaming websites.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
With the convergence of technologies, catalyzed by the global IT revolution
the world is witnessing change as never before in recorded history. Now the web
marketing is bringing a new look to marketing. As technology is changing the
marketing style is also changing. In previous days the seller was going to buyers but
through the internet the buyers only come to the sellers when they are in need.
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2.7 Organization Structure

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Product/Service profile

3.1 Product/Service Market

The directors, who have got experience in software, web designing and brand
identity. All the people working in this company had worked for few years in
different field, so these people came together and started a business which includes
products and services like Web designing, Software development, Brand identity,
Logo designs, Packing design, Web maintaining, Web hosting and search engine
optimization(SEO).
Products/Services competitors
Website Designing, web maintaining, Digital Arts
web hosting, E-Mail ids, Internet WebPort
marketing (SEO), Internet security Magnon Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
JEHOVASOFT
Overtake software technologies
FuGenX Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
Datanumeric Internetworks
DesignLabz.com India
Wonesty Web Services
Quick2Host
OWD
KRISH INDIA DESIGN
Keltron Kerala
Kaveri Communications Pvt Ltd
Logo Designing logodesignguru
HFB Advertising
Interbrand Singapore
My Corporate Logo
LogoPie
GyanArt
LogoYes
ArtisLogo
Logo Blog
Package Designing Zoli Design
 29

Design Force
Tijuana Design
Wilmer Fong & Associates
Wencel/Hess Design
Sonic Images Design
Soulo Design
Mark Oliver
Shoe Horn
Mark Oliver
Shoe Horn
Brand Identity Branding
Pixel Productions Inc
4am group
AVID
Cranberry Communications
Stress Design
Software Development Bilz Information & Technology
Services Pvt. Ltd.
Double Spring
Acme Insurance Services Pvt Ltd
Aditi Technologies Pvt Ltd
Akamai Technologies India Pvt Ltd
Antares Systems Ltd
Artech Infosystems Pvt Ltd
e-Infochips Ltd.
Hinduja TMT Ltd
Seva Systems Pvt Ltd

3.2 Opportunities and Threats:

Web designing:
 30

The company can design a web site according to the customer needs. The
company can design a basic and super class model web site. The company follows
three format of web site designing, those are web1.0, web2.0(zumra) and web
3.0(Ruby on Rails) the rates of the web site will differ according to these formats and
the models. The company’s basic model starts from RS 3000 and the higher end
models goes to lacks and cores.
The higher end models include Flash, Sound, Videos, owner update capacity,
own E-Mail ID,chat room and many more facilities with high server service.
Opportunities:
The company finds a huge opportunity in this web designing because the
company says that, her are many companies are coming into the market and now
India is in growing in its no of internet users. so the company can trace the new
companies which are coming in and after providing them a web site will not end there
contact because no company will keep the same design and service for long type they
will update and for up dated they had to contact us again and also yearly they had to
revival there demine name. So for all these purposes they had to come back to us
again. So the company says that if they get a customer, then their relationship of
business will be never ending.
Threats:
There are many companies which are working as web designers. So the
competition it this field is growing rapidly. Catching the big customers is very
difficult in this big compotation business. The awareness of web site in small towns
and cities is very less.

Software development:
All the business are growing and all are trying to widen there business and to
do this there are taking the support of online business and software’s to support there
business. To standardize there business they use computer billing, bar-coding, cc-
camera e.t.c.

Opportunities:
 31

There are many companies which are providing many hard drives which
support the business in many aspects. So the hard drive only can’t work for their
business, they need a specific form of software, which can work according to their
need and to make their business process easy.
Threats:
Many of the hard ware providers are using their own software for many
business people and the government offices and banks all call tenders for these
software’s of any other business orders.

Brand identity:
Today the company are not only concentrating on the selling and making
profit. Now a day the business people think of profit but not only on the present one
but now there are thinking the profit of the future. So in order to get more customers
towards then and to sustain the old customers with them for the future, they had to
build a strong identity that is of their brand. So now a day the brand identity is very
necessary to make a strong place in the market. Brand identity will be including
Stationary designing and visiting card designing and the posters and paper ads designs
and there stickers designs. All the things which will reach their customers which make
them attract to make a business with them.
Opportunities:
Providing an attractive brand identity to a business is not so easy, so the
company had tried in and got a good result in it. There are very less companies which
are into brand identity business and we are one among them. There are very few
competitors in this brand identity sector. So by our impressing work we can overtake
the other few companies and make our own way in this sector of market.
Threats:
The brand conscious in metro city is not a problem, but in other r big cities
like mysore,hubli,davangere,shimoga,manglore and many ore city which have good
business in many sector they don’t have the brand conscious. And the business people
who are well success in their business in their own Reagan are not aware of the
benefits from the brand building.

Packing designing:
 32

Packing has its own place in the marketing place. Packing acts as a silent sales
man in the market. He packing is called as a silent sales man who won’t interact with
the customers, but it will make a customer to buy the product by the designs and
colors of the packs. Sometimes the products promotion will get famous by its
packing. One of the best examples for this is the Mb rice. This rice product had
created smash sales in the beginning and after 3 months the company got shutdown to
the defective product inside the packing.
Opportunities:
The packing designs are getting famous now a days and many companies are
believing that packing matters to their products promotion and sales. In this sector
also there are only a few companies into this business, because till now the pickings
were designed by the people who were working for the banners and outdoor
advertisements, but now the companies are coming into the professional who
particularly designs the attractive packs. Now this is just the beginning and we can see
that all the companies are concentrating on their pickings.
EX: Dairy fresh ice cream, shanthala silks, Videocon, Dabur, Tele phone
companies.
Threats:
The only threat in this sector is that the small outdoor advertisers and the flex
printers in the local areas. These people will directly contact them with their local
links and they will make the designs for free if they get the flex printing and the
outdoor ads for free of cost.

Logo designing:
Logo means a design or a sign which denotes a message or which gives an
identity of a company or a organization. Now the logo also works as a brand identity,
which creates a standard of the products. Some logo’s acts as prestigious.
EX: FILA, adidas, Rebook, Pepsi, coke e.t.c

Opportunities:
 33

There are many companies in the market who don’t have their logo and there
are many companies in the market who want to change their logo according to their
business are changing. So there is a huge demand for the logo designers.
Threats:
There are many competitors in this field. And many old people don’t want to
change their logo which had come from their grandfather’s days.

Web Hosting:
Our host rating system is based on the customer satisfaction, affordability,
reliability, uptime and technical support. Probably the most critical success factor in
E-Commerce is the web hosting platform and server performance. Website hosting
and your web server needs to be economical, robust and web administration friendly
to ensure swift server response time, uptime, download speeds, database applications,
e-mail functioning and bandwidth
Opportunities:
We are giving the cheapest rate in the market as compared to other companies
in market. So the customers prefer us to give their business.
Threats:
The old companies in the market are providing the hosting the sites of their
clients for full free. This will affect us in the market to grow faster.

E-MAILS:
Email ids are that the company provides separate email ids for the customers as per
their preference. In this if the customer wants email ids less than 50 it will be under
the domain name of Google and if they want more than 50 a separate domain name
will be given. E.g. rajesh@xxx.com,ramesh@xxx.com
Opportunities:
As now a day the companies are now doing more online business, the
companies need to deal with the E-Mail. So the companies now a day’s want to have
their own companies id.

Threats:
 34

As many companies who are starting newly are not ready to invest on this.
And the existing companies do not come to know till we inform them regarding this
plan.

Web maintenance:
Web maintenance is that the company takes care of editing the information
according to the customer’s requirement and the charges for this web maintenance is
charged on hourly basis.
Opportunities:
If a company gets its website then they had to upgrade at the time being and
they had to consult us back to update their website.
Threats:
Many of the company will open there websites and they won’t look up to their
websites and they won’t update it at the regular time being.

Internet marketing (SEO):

Now many people’s are using internet in homes and mobile. If they want any
information on anything first they will type that in a search engine, which acts as a
mediator between the user and his needs.
Opportunities:
It had become a habit to the people to use a search engine if they want to
collect some information.
Threats:
There are many search engines and one search engines link in first maybe last
in the other.

Working Capital:
The detailed working capital estimates are to 25 lacks invested business
started in kasergood and Mangalore branch. No bank loons are taken from banks.

Selling arrangement: The Sales are directly handled by the directors itself with the
help of qualified Staff of the company through commission agents & brokers.
 35

3.3 Some of the stages in the SEO Process:

Key Phrase / Keyword Analysis

An industry would be researched and a brainstorming session will be

undertaken to arrive at a best set of keywords / key phrases pertaining to your
business interest. This allows there team as well as our team to come up with best
possible "outcome-based" key phrases for deriving optimal results through this
program.

Competition Analysis

Our SEO professionals would analyze the competition on keywords / key

phrases chosen by the company. We would tend to study websites which appear on
top listings on search engines on those key phrases and strategies our service delivery
accordingly. This analysis basically includes studying competitor back links,
rankings, there wordings, their positions etc.

Website & Content Analysis

The website and content would be thoroughly analyses for the presence and
density of the chosen keywords. We would also be reviewing your website for
usability and adaptability with major search engines. Your website would also be
checked for web-design standards and compliance. Compliance of SEF (Search
Engine Friendly) of various types of sites is checked. For e.g. the seo and sef for a
Joomla based site would be different from what a static site would require.

Web-page Code Optimization

Our SEO specialists would code-optimize the website based on expertise and
experience gained in optimizing various websites over a period of 4 years. Websites
are code-optimized according to over 250 parameters identified by our experts and
ensure that websites are crawled by search engine crawlers and eventually rank higher
on search engines. Different practices are adopted for sites which are made on
different platforms. Again SEO for a Joomla based site could be different from SEO
for a Static Website.

Ongoing Directory Submissions

 36

The website would then be submitted and registered with directories such as
Yahoo, MSN etc. which facilitate data retrieval by search engines. This component
also includes research and selection of appropriate categories to which directory
submissions would be made.

Ongoing Link Building

A website's Google Page Rank (PR) will depend on the number of back links
it has and with an increase in the page rank of a website, improvement in page
rankings can also be expected. Our SEO Specialists would ensure that a
comprehensive link exchange program is undertaken with the objective of increasing
the link popularity and page rank for your website. These were just some of the things
we do to get website ranked higher on the world's best search engines.

3.4 Shares of different search engines in internet:

Top 10 Asia-Pacific Search Properties April 2008

Total Asia-Pacific Internet Audience*, Age 15+ - Home 8c Work Locations
 37

Source: comScore q-Search

Top 10 Properties Searches Share of Searches

(MM) (%)
Total Internet 22,363 100.0
Google Sites 8,737 39.1
Yahoo! Sites 5,366 24.D
Baidu.com Inc. 3,725 16.7
NHN Corporation 1,178 5.3
Alibaba.com Corporation 488 2.2
Microsoft Sites 401 1.8
Lycos Sites 388 1.7
TENCENT Inc. 307 1.4
FRIENDSTER.COM 273 1.2
Sohu.com Inc 178 0.8

• Excludes searches from public computers such as Internet cafes or access

from mobile phones or PDAs.

Category of searches made:

U.S. Category upstream Traffic from Search Engines and Google - July 2008
% Category % in Share of % of % in Share of
Traffic Traffic From Category Traffic From
Category from Search Search Traffic from Google, July-08
Engines, Engines, July- Google, -July-07
July-08 08 - July-07 July-08
Health and Medical 45.14% 3% 31.42% 9%
Travel 34.97% 8% 2560% 23%
 38

Shopping and 25.13% 1% 17.49% 12%

Classifieds
News and Media 20.99% 2% 1434% 12%
Entertainment 23.53% 11-.',. 1664% 24%
B u s i n e s s arid Finance 18.71% 11% 12.82%. 27%
Sports 13.31% 11%. 9.38% 21%
Online Video' 30.01% 34% 21.89% 57%
Social Network rig* 16.68% 23% 10.76% 38%
• All figures are based on U.S. data from the Hitvvise sample of 10 million
Internet users. Denotes custom category.
• Source: Hirvvise

3.5 Survey conducted on Indian internet users and advertisers

Searches by Indians every month over 1 billion

Searches by Indians that result in 308 million

sponsored links shown, every month
 39

Total clicks on sponsored links by Over 4.8 million

Indian users in a month

Number of advertisers targeting Over 40,000

Indian web users

Total annualized spend by all Rs. 236crores(US$52m)

advertisers
targeting Indian users
Most amount spent by one advertiser Rs.9/7 crores{USS2.2m)

Average cost per click paid by Rs. 16.20 ($0.36)

advertiser in India

Highest cost per click paid by Rs. 266 {$5.92)

advertiser in India

Top 10 websites receiving traffic from key Grand Theft Auto IV search terms. 4
weeks ending 15 05 2008.

Search term: 'gta4' Share of visits

RockStar Games Grand www Rockstargames .com 30.30%

Theft Auto IV Wikipedia www.gta4.net 23.7%

GTA4.TV Gamespot UK www.wikipedia.org 5.36%

 40

YouTube www.gta4.tv 4.28%

www.gta4land.com uk.gamespot.com 2.67%

GameTrailers.com www.youtube.com 2.28%

Play.com www.gta4land.com 2.30%

www .gametrailers .com 2.50%

play.com 2.38%

GTAforums.com www .ataforums .com 1.52%

By seeing the above table of a survey conducted by a gaming company named

Rock star. This game was launched in the beginning of the year 2008.they launched a
game named GTA4 which was a smash hit in the market.

We can observe hear that people search for the things need for them in net not
only in the company site but the visit other sites. In other sites they can get comments
on the product or service which they are searching in internet. The browsers will not
know the information about a product or services and they don’t know how to get it,
so they will take the help of the internet.

In internet there are many sites again they are confused in which site they get
the right information. So they will take the help of the search engine optimization.
Through this they can get the links of the sites which contain the information
regarding the product or service that you are searching.

3.6 Process of search engine can be explained by this diagram:

 41

Research Methodology
4.1 INTRODUCTION:

Problem Statement: “To analyse the awareness of search engine optimization with
respect to customers of Foradian Technologies,Bangalore”.
 42

In the research of Search engine optimization or SEO, how the peoples

reaction will be there while they open there web site. And this research also tells us
about what all this SEO guide walks you through and which are the major steps,
which are to:

• Tune your content

• Optimize your design and code

• Get other sites to link to your pages

• Refresh content regularly

• Monitor results and continue to optimize

What is Search Engine Optimization?

Search Engine Optimization is one of the most cost-effective methods of
advertising which contributes by providing one of the highest pre-qualified audiences-
online.
4.2 Objective of the study:
• To check the awareness towards Search engine Optimization by the customers
of Foradian.
• To evaluate the customers of Foradian about “search engine optimization”
concept.
• To analyze the usage of search engine optimization by the customers of
Foradian technologies.

Scope of the study:

The survey was limited to a city and the number of customers of Foradian
company was less as it was a new company in the market.

Many of the business people wonder at many times that is his business making the
most out of the Internet. Is he is the only using the Internet for faster and more
 43

efficient communication while his competitors are making money on it? Is there more
that can be done using the World Wide Web?

Now assume that a company is looking for a supplier in India, the first thing
he will do is Search on the Internet. While searching he will come across millions of
results, but he will limit yourself to the first, second or say maximum the third page.
He would then shortlist 3-4 suppliers from there and begins his choose. This is how
the supplier in India bags does business. Now imagine if this supplier was not listed
on top rankings, he would have lost out on the opportunity to get the orders.

Data Collection:
Primary data: A survey would be conducted on “search engine optimization”
to determine how internet search engines are playing its role as a useful marketing
tool. Questionnaires had been distributed among the customers to conduct the survey.
For clarifications and suggestions, the respondents are dealt personally. In this way,
information had been collected from the customers to attain the objectives of the
survey/ research.
Secondary data: Secondary data had been collected through internet to get
the information about the current market benefits from search engines.

Sample frame:
Sample frame selected under this study from which we derive the sample unit.
The sample frames for the study are Bangalore, Davangere and shimoga city.

Sampling unit:
The sampling unit of this survey will be Bangalore city, davangere and
shimoga. The areas visited will depend upon the location of business, business
enterprises, professionals, trading concerns etc who will be referred to for collecting
the information.

Sampling design:
A decision has to be taken concerning a sampling unit before selecting sample.
Sampling unit had been chosen according to the geographical area such as a city,
state, district, village, country etc.
 44

Sampling technique:
Sample technique was use to do survey which was conducted. Only the
business people were interviewed to know that how much the companies are
interested and aware of SEO.
The different types of sampling methods used in the study are
1. Convenience sampling:- This sampling was used because all the business
peoples were not in a position to spend their time for our survey.
2. Purposive sampling:-Where information is obtained from the specific targets-
respondents who will be able to provide the desired information. So I had
interviewed the people who can spend their time for us for few minutes.

The sampling technique used in the study is a mixture of Convenience and

Purposive sampling.
Sampling size:
All the important areas of Bangalore, davangere and shimoga will be touched
to cover the prominent business enterprises, professionals, other concerns etc. The
sampling size selected for the survey will range between40 to 50.Therefore
approximately 50 respondents will be dealt with for the purpose of the survey.

Statistical tools for analysis:

The various statistical tools for analysis are:
• Graphs:
Graphs are the schematic representatives of the figures. It is
most preferably used method as the variations in the statistical data can also be
understood by a common man. So the surveyed data which are necessary are shown in
the graphs.

4.3 Limitations of the Study:

Following are the few limitations
Sampling error:
 45

As my survey involved businessmen as respondents there could have

been some error in the data collected, due to the errors they may have done in
answering the questions, keeping in mind of their tight schedule or job stress.

Area limit:
My study was limited only to Bangalore city.

Only Foradian customers:

The study was limited only to the customers of Foradian
Technologies and not customers of other companies.

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF SURVEY DATA

 46

With the object of knowing consumer attitude towards “To analyse the
awareness of search engine optimization with respect to customers of Foradian
Technologies, Bangalore’’ and to know the customers respond to the topic.

GENDER
Table 1: The gender of the sample consumers is presented
Gender Number Percentage(%)
Male 43 86
Female 07 14
Total 50 100

Table: 1 Reveals that among the 50 respondents who are interviewed 43 (86%)
are male and the reaming 07 (14%) are female.
Figure: 5.1- The gender of the sample consumers is presented

AGE
 47

Table 2: The age groups of the consumers interviewed is presented

Age group in years Number Percentage

20-30 18 36
30-40 13 26
40-50 8 16
50 & above 11 22
Total 50 100

About 36% of the respondents are in the age of 20-30, 20% in the age group of
30-40, 26% are in the age group of 40-50& 16% in the age group of 50 and above
22%.
Figure:5.2- The age groups of the consumers interviewed is presented
 48

INCOME

Table 3: Showing the incomes of respondents

Monthly/Annual Number Percentage

turnover
50000-100000 33 66
100000-200000 9 18
200000&above 08 16
Total 50 100

Figure:5.3- Showing the incomes of respondents

About 66% of the respondents are having the income around rs.50000-
100000, 18% are having the income around the rs.100000-200000, and 18% are
having the income around 200000 & above.

BRANDS OF SEARCH ENGINE:

 49

Table 4: Showing brand preferred

Brand Number Percentage
Google 38 76
Yahoo 7 14
Ask 1 2
MSN 4 8
AOL 0 0
Total 50 100

Figure:5.4- Showing brand preferred

By the above table we can come to know that Google are most commonly
used type. And as a lots of brand search engines are available. Not one single brand
has a significant market share. The Google holds the 1st place in the table and the
Yahoo holds to 2nd,and MSN holds for 3rd.

OPINION

Table 5 : Showing opinions of the consumers towards 5 point Likrt scale.

 50

Opinion Number Percentage

Very good 28 56%
Good 11 22%
Satisfactory 6 12%
Worth 5 10%
No use 0 0%
Total 50 100

Figure: 5.5- Showing opinions of the consumers towards 5 point Likrd

scale.

This 5 point Likert scale table shows us the opinions of the customer
and most of the consumers opinion about search engine is very good 28(56%)
and satisfactory 6(12%) and 5 people say it as worth 5(10%).0 people say it as
no use.
 51

FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS

FINDINGS:

The findings of the study are follows

 The SEO is not known to all the companies or the people are not
having the knowledge about the SEO. More than 40% of the
people don’t know about this.
 The people are ready to spend on it if they are well known to
what is SEO, 63% people are ready to invest on this.
 There is a huge demand for SEO in the market as because of
competition.
 Many people have a big business but they don’t know the use of
internet marketing. More than 60% of the people don’t know
about the use of internet marketing.
 The 14% of business peoples who are using this SEO for their
business purpose are well satisfied by this technique.
 Business people that these techniques bring them more customers
towards them.
.

SUGGESTIONS
 52

The suggestions for the findings from the study are follows:

 To give information to those 40% who don’t know about this, they had
to arrange for Exhibitions or tutorial classes should be taken to the
people who are not use to internet marketing.
• The companies should guide them how can they improve their business
with the help of SEO and by this they can tackle these customers
towards them.

• To give some basic idea about their product to the new customers to
whom the company is targeting. A brochure should be made and given
to the customers, so they could study it when they have free time.

General Recommendations:
• Do not concentrate only on marketing

• Try to mingle freely with the company members which will help
you

CONCLUSION

The study concludes that, the motivational program procedure in

Foradian is found effective. The study on search engine highlighted so many
factors which will help to marketing of web sites. The study was conducted
among 50 customers and collected information through structured
questionnaire. The study helped to findings which were related with customers
needs in the market.
 53

The company is moving at the right speed according to the market

requirement. The company is getting good name in the market and the
company had even crossed the breakeven point within 3 months.
 54

CUSTOMER QUESTIONNAIRE
Dear sir/madam
I am very happy to introduce myself as “MADESH.M.B” as a part of
our academic study. I am required to work under a project on any of the
management aspects. “I ‘am a management trainee in Foradian Technologies Pvt
ltd. I request you to spend few minutes to go through these few questions &
answer them. The information provided by you will be kept confidentially &
the information is purely for academic purpose only.
THANKING YOU Yours faithfully
MADESH.M.B

1) Name of company :

2) Company address :

3) Qualification:

3) Sex: a) Male b) Female

4) Age: a) 20-30 b) 30-40

c) 40-50 d) above50

5) Monthly/Annual turnover:

a) 50000-100000 b)100000-200000 c) 200000above

 55

6) Do you use internet for your business purpose?

a) YES b) NO

8) Do you have your company web site? If no are you planning to have?

a) YES b) NO

9) Do you know about search engine optimization?

a) YES b) NO

10 Do you think search engine is an effective marketing tool for all business
organizations?

a) YES b) NO

1) Do you want your company to be listed at top 3 links in search engine?

a)YES b) NO

12) Are you ready to pay to bring your company in top links?
 56

a) YES b) NO

13) Have you ever come across the Foradian Technologies Pvt Ltd?

a)YES b) NO

14) What is your opinion on search engine optimization?

Very Good
Good
Satisfactory
Worth
No use

15) What do you expect from search engine providing company if you want to
design your website by them?
Cost
To be in many search engines

16)which all search engine do you use for your business purpose?
a)Google
b)Yahoo
c)ask
d)MSN
e)AOL

16) Please give us few suggestion’s with regard to refined oil?

 57

Thank you for your cooperation, valuable time and information.

Date:
Place: Signature of the respondent