MEC 2700: AEROSPACE ENGINEERING LAB 1

EXPERIMENT NO: 3
TITLE OF THE EXPERIMENT: HEAT CONDUCTION

Date/ Day of Experiment: 18
th
April 2014 Due Date: 25
th
April 2014

Authors Name:
Nur Adlina Binti Mat Nizam 1224256

Group Members:
Nur Aini Binti Zulkipli 1229182
Madihah Binti Mazlizam 1220020
NurAin Binti Sapie 1229102


Name of Lecturer:
Dr Mirghani




OBJECTIVES
To study the Fouriers Law on linear and radial conduction heat transfer.
To illustrate the transfer of heat by conduction in solid materials while varying the
parameters affecting conduction.

THEORY

Conduction is heat transfer by means of molecular agitation within a material
without any motion of the material as a whole. If one end of a metal rod is at a higher
temperature, then energy will be transferred down the rod toward the colder end because
the higher speed particles will collide with the slower ones with a net transfer of energy to
the slower ones. For heat transfer between two plane surfaces, such as heat loss through
the wall of a house, the rate of conduction heat transfer is:


where
Q: Heat transferred in time = t
k: Thermal Conductivity of a Barrier
A: Area
T: Temperature
d: Thicknessof the barrier
[3]








(Eq. 1)

Figure 1 The heat flows from high
temperature to low temperature.
[4]

RESULT
PART A: LINEAR CONDUCTION
Graph of temperature versus distance:
25mm brass bar

/m

()




44.5
43.1
41.1
36.2
32.3
28.8
27
26.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e

(
o
C
)

Distance (m)
Temperature vs Distance
25mm brass
Linear (25mm brass)
13mm brass bar

()








47
45.9
45.1
34.9
30.4
24.2
23.3 23.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e

(
o
C
)

Distance (m)
Temperature vs Distance
13mm brass
Linear (13mm brass)
25mm stainless steel bar

()











38.6
37.7
36.9
30.5
25.2
22.3
21.6 21.7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e

(
o
C
)

Distance (m)
Temperature vs Distance
25mm stainless steel
Linear (25mm stainless steel)
PART B: RADIAL CONDUCTION

Graph of temperature vs distance:



Power: 10W

Power: 20W

Power: 30W

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e

(
o
C
)

Distance (m)
Temperature vs Distance
10W
20W
30W
40W
Linear (10W)
Linear (20W)
Linear (30W)
Linear (40W)
Power: 40W

DISCUSSION

In part A, we have to test the Fouriers law of heat conduction on linear conduction.
According to Fouriers law of heat conduction:


()( )

or,

where k is the thermal conductivity of a material which is a constant value.
In comparison of result of k of 25mm diameter and 13mm diameter of brass,
according to the law above, they should be the same in result. However, they do not seem
to be close in this experiment due to some errors. There are also different in the values of k
in comparison to the values that contained in the tables of published data where k of brass
should be 109
o
C/m and k of stainless steel should be 16
o
C/m. As can be seen here, this is
happen due to some error during conducting the experiment. The experiment also shows
that by the same rate of heat conduction,

, if the area, A, is increased, the

temperature gradient , dT/dx, will decrease accordingly.
There are some errors when conducting the experiment, the first one is the
sensitivity of the thermocouples and the worn out conducting gel. Hopefully, the errors will
be solved.
In part B, we have to test the Fouriers law of heat conduction on linear conduction.
Based on Fouriers law, while the other parameters are constant, if the rate of heat
conduction,

, is increased, the temperature gradient, dT/dx, will also increase as they

are proportional to each other. Thus, this is proved by the graph and result obtained in this
experiment.

There are some errors we encountered that shows a few wavy graph from the graph
we plotted. The first one is the sensitivity of thermocouples. Next is the out conducting gel.
Thus, it is hoped that these problem would be solved for a better result.

CONLUSION
The objectives have been achieved. We are able to study the Fouriers law on linear
and radial conduction heat transfer, as well as to illustrate the transfer of heat by
conduction in solid materials while varying the parameters affecting conduction.