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The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses. for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Titlu original
Casting Laws / orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses. for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses. for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Ingersoll & Walding (1986) formulated an expanded set of 17 separate
recommendations for spruing, inesting, !urnout, melting & casting procedures" #ollectiel$ t%ese guidelines are referred to as &t%e laws of casting'"
1 st Law of #asting (ttac% t%e pattern sprue former to t%e t%ic)est portion of t%e wax pattern* + ,%is proides t%e molten metal to flow from larger diameter to t%inner sections + -enalt$* cold s%uts, s%ort margins and incomplete casting
. nd Law of #asting /rient wax patterns so all t%e restoration margins will face t%e trailing edge w%en t%e ring is positioned in t%e casting mac%ine* + (dd a wax dot to t%e cruci!le so t%at, it will guide us in placing t%e ring in casting mac%ine + -enalt$* cold s%uts and s%ort margins 0 rd Law of #asting -osition t%e patterns in t%e &cold 1one' of t%e inestment and reseroir in t%e &%eat center' of t%e casting ring* + (d%erence to t%is law causes porosit$ in t%e reseroir + -enalt$* s%rin)age porosit$ 2 t% Law of #asting ( reseroir must %ae sufficient molten allo$ to accommodate t%e s%rin)age occurring wit%in t%e restorations* + 3olten metal s%rin)s and creates a acuum, for complete casting acuum must !e a!le to draw additional metal from ad4acent source" + -enalt$* s%rin)age porosit$ and5or suc)6!ac) porosit$" 7 t% law of casting 8o not cast a !utton if a connector !ar or anot%er internal reseroir is used* + Wit% indirect spruing t%e largest mass of metal s%ould !e t%e reseroir + ( !utton can draw aaila!le molten allo$ from t%e !ar, s%ift t%e %eat centre and reduce t%e feed of t%e metal to t%e restorations + Wax patterns s%ould not !e larger t%an t%e connector !ar + Weig% t%e sprued patterns and use t%e wax pattern6allo$ conersion c%art -enalt$* s%rin)age porosit$ and suc) !ac) porosit$ (potential distortion during porcelain firing)" 6 t% law of casting ,ur!ulance must !e minimi1ed, if not totall$ eliminated + 9liminate s%arp turns, restrictions, points or impingements t%at mig%t create tur!ulance and occlude air in t%e casting + :estrictions or constrictions can accelerate t%e metals flow and a!rade t%e mold surface (mold was%) + -enalt$6 oids and 5or surface pitting 7 t% law of casting ;elect a casting ring of sufficient lengt% and diameter to accommodate t%e patterns to !e inested + ,%e casting ring s%ould permit t%e patterns to !e < inc% apart and < inc% from t%e top of inestment and 058 inc% of inestment !etween pattern and ring liner + -enalt$6 mold fracture, casting fins and s%rin)age porosit$ 8 t% law of casting Increase t%e wetta!ilit$ of wax pattern + Wetting agent s%ould !e !rus%ed or stained on t%e patterns and dried !efore inesting + ,oo muc% wetting can wea)en t%e inestment and produce !u!!les or fins on t%e casting + -enalt$6 !u!!les (due to air entrapment) 9 t% law of casting Weig% an$ !ul) inestment and measure t%e inestment li=uid for precise powder li=uid ratio + ( t%ic) mix of inestment increases inestment expansion and produces loose fitting castings + ,%inner mix $ields less expansion wit% tig%ter fitting castings + -enalt$6 ill fitting casting 1> t% law of casting 9liminate t%e incorporation ofair in t%e casting inestment and remoe t%e ammonia gas !$ ?product of p%osp%ate !onded inestments !$ mixing under acuums + @acuum mixing remoes air and gas proiding an uniform mix wit%out large oids + 9ntrapped air can affect t%e expansion at arious sites of t%e inestment + -enalt$6 small nodules, wee) mold and distortion of t%e casting 11 t% law of casting (llow t%e casting inestment to set completel$ !efore initiating t%e !urn out procedure + ,%e mold ma$ not wit%stand steam expansion during !urnout if t%e mold is not set + (dise to wait till t%e recommended setting time !$ t%e manufacturer + -enalt$6 mold crac)ing5 !lowout or fins on t%e casting 1. t% law of casting Ase a wax elimination tec%ni=ue t%at is specific for t%e t$pe of patterns inoled and recommended for t%e particular t$pe of casting allo$ selected + -lastic sprues s%ould !e %eated slowl$, so t%e$ can soften graduall$ and not exert pressure, so use a two stage !urnout + :ecommended atleast a 0> min %eat soa)ing at 8>>B for t%e first !urnout + -enalt$6 cold s%uts, s%ort margins, cold welds, mold crac)s and5or casting fins 10 t% law of casting (de=uate %eat must !e aaila!le to properl$ melt and cast t%e allo$ + ;elected %eat source s%ould !e capa!le of melting t%e allo$ to t%e point of sufficient fluidit$ + ,oo muc% %eat or %ig% temperature can !urn off minor allo$ing elements and 5or oxidation (!urned metal) + -enalt$6 cold s%uts, s%ort margins and cold welds (too little %eat) or roug% castings and inestment !rea)down (too muc% %eat) 12t% law of casting W%en torc% casting, use t%e Creducing 1oneD of t%e to melt t%e allo$ and not t%e oxidi1ing 1one + 3elt ac%ieed !$ t%e exclusie use of reducing 1one minimi1es t%e li)eli%ood of metal oxidation and gas a!sorption and ensures t%e proper melt + -enalt$6 gas porosit$ and5 or a c%ange of allo$s =uotient of t%ermal expansion 17t% law of casting -roide enoug% force to cause t%e li=uid allo$ to flow into t%e %eated mold + Low densit$ metal generall$ needs four winds of a centrifugal casting arm as compared to %ig%er densit$, gold !ased allo$s + 8o not oer wind + -enalt$6 cold s%uts, s%ort margins, cold welds (insufficient force), or mold fracture and fins (too muc% force) 16t% law of casting #ast towards t%e margins of wax patterns + -lace t%e %eated ring in t%e casting cradle using t%e orientation dot, so t%e pattern margins face t%e trailing edge + -enalt$6 cold s%uts, s%ort margins and ot%erwise incomplete castings 17t% law of casting 8o not =uenc% t%e ring immediatel$ after casting* + Aneen cooling and s%rin)age !etween allo$ and inestment can appl$ tensile forces to t%e casting dot + It can reduce strengt% + -enalt$6 %ot tears