Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Achievement Report

Identifying Data:

Name: Billy Gates Date of Examination: 09/09/2013

Date of Birth: 09/13/1979 Grade: Graduated

Age: 34-0 Examiner: Hillary Enyert


Reason for Referral:
This test was administered for training purposes only. This
person is not being referred.

Background History
Billy was born September 13, 1979. He has two older siblings, one
42 and the other 39, and one younger sibling at the age of 30. Both of
Billys parents are now retired.
Billy was bullied throughout school, which he marked as a
traumatic experience.
Billy completed high school, but did not continue or pursue higher
education. He listed writing as the subject the presented most difficulty
throughout school and art and math as the least difficult.
Billys hobby is photography and he is currently a business owner
for a landscape design company, specifically focused on waterfalls and
ponds.

Behavioral Observations
During the assessment, Billy showed an advanced level of
conversational proficiency, being able to communicate when he was
getting frustrated or when he needed a break. He was exceptionally
cooperative throughout the exam. Billys level of activity was typical for
his age. He was attentive to each task, with minimal distractions and
some boredom. He seemed to be at ease and comfortable throughout
the exam. He was prompt but careful when responding to most
questions. He generally persisted with difficult tasks, but did become
frustrated on a few of the subtests and would not continue or attempt to
finish the test.

Tests and Procedures Administered
The Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Achievement

Test Results:

Table 1
Achievement
Tests
Standard Score Percentile Rank Classification
Letter-Word
Identification
106 65 Average
Reading Fluency 87 18 Low Average
Story Recall 87 20 Low Average
Understanding
Directions
107 69 Average
Calculation 84 15 Low Average
Math Fluency 90 25 Average
Spelling 98 45 Average
Writing Fluency 95 38 Average
Passage
Comprehension
92 30 Average
Applied
Problems
105 62 Average
Writing Samples 99 48 Average
Story Recall
Delayed
41 <0.1 Very Low
Picture
Vocabulary
90 25 Average


For this assessment, only the Standard Battery, subtests 1 12, as well
as one subtest from the Extended Battery were administered. The tests
that were administered to Billy are listed and described below.

Letter-Word Identification: a measure of reading decoding, including
ability to identify letter names of several uppercase and lowercase
letters and the ability to identify words. Billys performance was in the
average range, receiving a standard score of 106. His percentile rank
was 65, meaning he did as well as or better than 65 percent of all
persons when compared to the norms based on age. Billy reached his
basal in the beginning of this subtest, but did not reach a ceiling. His age
equivalent for this subtest was greater than 22.0 and his grade
equivalent was greater than 18.0. Billy performed very well on this
subtest, only incorrectly identifying two words.

Reading Fluency: a measure of reading speed and rate. The task
requires the ability to read and comprehend simple sentences quickly.
Billys performance was in the Low Average range, receiving a standard
score of 87. His percentile rank was 18, meaning he did as well as or
better than 18 percent of all persons when compared to the norms
based on age. Billys age equivalent was 13-2 and his grade equivalent
was 7.9. Billy completed 59 questions out of 98, answering two
questions wrong, but without making any self-corrections. Low
performance may be a function of limited basic reading skills,
comprehension difficulties, and/or an inability to sustain concentration.

Story Recall: used to measure aspects of oral language including
language development and meaningful memory. Billys performance
was in the low average range, receiving a standard score of 87. His
percentile rank was 20, meaning he did as well as or better than 20
percent of all persons when compared to the norms based on age. Billy
started this subtest on story number 7 and 8, but only received 8 points,
causing the examiner to administer stories 5 and 6. Billy successfully
completed stories 5 and 6. His age equivalent was 9-1 and his grade
equivalent was 3.6. Low performance mat be a function of limited
vocabulary, limited comprehension, poor expressive language, or poor
attention skills. It appeared that Billys low average results were due to
poor attention skills.

Understanding Directions: measures listening ability and language
development aspects of comprehension knowledge. It also measures
memory span, an aspect of short-term memory. Billys performance was
in the average range, receiving a standard score of 107. His percentile
rank was 69, meaning he did as well as or better than 69 percent of all
persons when compared to the norms based on age. Billy reached his
basal at the beginning of this subtest, but did not reach a ceiling. His age
equivalent was 23 and his grade equivalent was 13.4. Billy was
administered pictures 4 through 6, missing only 3 directions.
Calculation: a test of math achievement measuring the ability to perform
mathematical computations. Billys performance was in the low average
range, receiving a standard score of 84. His percentile rank was 15,
meaning he did as well as or better than 15 percent of all persons when
compared to the norms based on age. Billy did not reach the basal in the
first section of this subtest, leading the examiner to administer the
previous section, which then created the basal. Billy attempted numbers
14 through 25. Once he reached number 26, he became frustrated and
refused to continue this subtest. Billy did not enjoy being watched while
completing this subtest. His age equivalent was 12-4 and his grade
equivalent was 6.7.

Math Fluency: used to measure the ability to solve simple addition,
subtraction, and multiplication facts quickly. Billys performance was in
the average range, receiving a standard score of 90. His percentile rank
was 25, meaning he did as well as or better than 25 percent of all
persons when compared to the norms based on age. Billy completed 96
out of 160 problems, getting each 96 answers provided correct. Billys
age equivalent was 13-10 and his grade equivalent was 8.4.

Spelling: used to measure the ability to write orally presented words
correctly. Billys performance was in the average range, receiving a
standard score of 98. His percentile rank was 45, meaning he did as
well as or better than 45 percent of all persons when compared to the
norms based on age. Billy reached his basal in the beginning of this
subtest and reached his ceiling at the end. Billys age equivalent was 18-
4 and his grade equivalent was 12.9.

Writing Fluency: used to measure skill in formulating and writing
simple sentences quickly. Billys performance was in the average range,
receiving a standard score of 95. His percentile rank was 38, meaning
he did as well as or better than 38 percent of all persons when
compared to the norms based on age. Billy completed 26 out of 40
sentences during the 7-minute time limit available for this test. His age
equivalent was 13-9 and his grade equivalent was 8.4.

Passage Comprehension: require the person to read a short passage and
identify a missing key word that makes sense in the context of that
passage. Billys performance was in the average range, receiving a
standard score of 92. His percentile rank was 30, meaning he did as
well as or better than 30 percent of all persons when compared to the
norms based on age. Billy completed 11 out of 18 problems. He reached
his basal in the beginning of the subtest, however, reached his ceiling
shortly there after. He began to become frustrated toward the end of
the test, stating that certain passages did not require a word. He also
was showing signs of boredom during this subtest. He successfully
completed 11 out of 18 questions. His age equivalent was 12-8 and his
grade equivalent was 7.7.

Applied Problems: requires the person to analyze and solve math
problems. Billys performance was in the average range, receiving a
standard score of 105. His percentile rank was 62, meaning he did as
well as or better than 62 percent of all persons when compared to the
norms based on age. Billy reached his basal in the beginning of this
subtest and reached his ceiling close to the end of the test. He
successfully completed 19 out of 25 problems. His age equivalent was
greater than 28 and his grade equivalent was greater than 18.0.

Writing Samples: used to measure skill in writing responses to a variety
of demands. Billys performance was in the average range, receiving a
standard score of 99. His percentile rank was 48, meaning he did as
well as or better than 48 percent of all persons when compared to the
norms based on age. Billys age equivalent was 20 and his grade
equivalent was 13.0. During this subtest, Billy took many deep breaths,
appearing to be a self-soothing mechanism. He also expressed that he
was getting tired of writing so many sentences.

Story RecallDelayed: used to measure aspects of language
development and meaningful memory, an aspect of long-term retrieval,
using previously presented stories. Billys performance was in the very
low range, receiving a standard score of 41. His percentile rank was
<0.1, meaning he did as well as or better than <0.1 percent of all persons
when compared to the norms based on age. Billy was administered this
subtest approximately an hour after hearing the stories for the first
time. He was only able to recall 2 details out of the four stories he heard.
There were 28 possible details from the original stories.


Picture Vocabulary: used to measure oral language development and
lexical (word) knowledge. Billys performance was in the average range,
receiving a standard score of 9. His percentile rank was 25, meaning he
did as well as or better than 25 percent of all persons when compared to
the norms based on age. Billy reached his basal at the beginning of this
subtest and reached his ceiling close to the end. He correctly identified
16 out of 28 pictures. His age equivalent was 14-8 and his grade
equivalent was 9.2.

Table 2
Cluster/Test Standard Score Percentile Rank Classification
Oral Language 101 53 Average
Oral Expression 88 22 Low Average
Broad Reading 96 38 Average
Broad Math 95 38 Average
Broad Written
Language
98 44 Average
Math Calc Skills 87 20 Low Average
Written
Expression
97 43 Average
Academic Skills 98 45 Average
Academic
Fluency
90 25 Average
Academic Apps 98 45 Average

Oral Language: an aggregate measure of linguistic competency, listening
ability, and comprehension. Billys performance was in the average
range, receiving a standard score of 101. His percentile rank was 53,
meaning he did as well as or better than 53 percent of all persons when
compared to the norms based on age.

Oral Expression: an aggregate measure of linguistic competency and
expressive vocabulary. Billys performance was in the low average
range, receiving a standard score of 88. His percentile rank was 22,
meaning he did as well as or better than 22 percent of all persons when
compared to the norms based on age.

Broad Reading: provides a comprehensive measure of reading
achievement including reading decoding, reading speed, and ability to
comprehend connected discourse while reading. Billys performance
was in the average range, receiving a standard score of 96. His
percentile rank was 38, meaning he did as well as or better than 38
percent of all persons when compared to the norms based on age.

Broad Math: provides a comprehensive measure of math achievement
including problem solving, number facility, automaticity, and reasoning.
Billys performance was in the average range, receiving a standard score
of 95. His percentile rank was 38, meaning he did as well as or better
than 38 percent of all persons when compared to the norms based on
age.

Broad Written Language: provides a comprehensive measure of written
language achievement including spelling of single-word responses,
fluency of production, and quality of expression. Billys performance
was in the average range, receiving a standard score of 98. His
percentile rank was 44, meaning he did as well as or better than 44
percent of all persons when compared to the norms based on age.

Math Calculation Skills: an aggregate measure of computational skills
and automaticity with basic math facts and provides a measure of basic
mathematical skills. Billys performance was in the low average range,
receiving a standard score of 87. His percentile rank was 20, meaning
he did as well as or better than 20 percent of all persons when
compared to the norms based on age.

Written Expression: an aggregate measure of meaningful written
expression and fluency providing a measure of written expression skills.
Billys performance was in the average range, receiving a standard score
of 97. His percentile rank was 43, meaning he did as well as or better
than 43 percent of all persons when compared to the norms based on
age.

Academic Skills: an aggregate measure of reading decoding, math
calculation, and spelling of single-word responses providing an overall
score of basic achievement skills. Billys performance was in the average
range, receiving a standard score of 98. His percentile rank was 45,
meaning he did as well as or better than 45 percent of all persons when
compared to the norms based on age.

Academic Fluency: provides an overall index of academic fluency. Billys
performance was in the average range, receiving a standard score of 90.
His percentile rank was 25, meaning he did as well as or better than 25
percent of all persons when compared to the norms based on age.

Academic Applications: require the application of academic skills to
academic problems. Billys performance was in the average range,
receiving a standard score of 98. His percentile rank was 45, meaning
he did as well as or better than 45 percent of all persons when
compared to the norms based on age.

Conclusion
Billy Gates is a 34-year-old man who was administered the
Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Achievement. The areas of Letter-Word
Identification and Applied Problems (mathematical problems) appear to
be his greatest strengths. Billy appears to have difficulties with both
reading fluency and story recall. It appeared that he struggled with
these two areas due to poor attention skills, as well as meaningful
memory. There were a few times the Billy became frustrated and
wanted to discontinue testing during certain subtests. He also displayed
boredom during a few subtests as well. Billys overall performance was
average and he was very cooperative throughout testing.

Recommendations
It appears that Billy needs to improve his short-term memory based off
of his scores on Story Recall as well as Story Recall-Delayed. Here are
some recommendations:
Exercise. Studies show the more physically active a person is the
greater his or her cognitive performance becomes.
Visualize and associate. By taking any list of items and being able
to visualize and associate those items with something or someone
will increase the ability to remember those items.
Increase attention span. Paying attention to everything from little
things to big things will help you remember them when it comes
time.
Focus and engage when learning something new.