Partial Discharge Measurements

on Instrument Transformers
Dr. Michael Krger (c) OMICRON
Faults on Instrument Transformers
PAGE 2
Faults on Instrument Transformers
PAGE 3
Faults on Instrument Transformers
PAGE 4
Faults on Instrument Transformers
PAGE 5
Measurement Method Application Indicated by FRT*
Oil Diagnosis
(Water Content, Breakdown
Voltage , DGA ...)
Routine Test
Periodical Tests
e.g. every 7 years
FRT
Tan-Delta / PF
Insulation Diagnosis, Ageing,
Moisture
Karl-Fischer Titration, DGA FRT
Dielectric Response
Insulation Diagnosis, Ageing,
Moisture
Karl-Fischer Titration, DGA FRT
Partial Discharge
Measurement
Insulation Diagnosis, Partial
Discharges
DGA T
Ratio VT Accuracy After Outage, Oil Values FRT
Ratio CT Accuracy Wrong Current Readings FRT
Excitation Current VT Core Faults, Shorted Turns After Outage, Oil Values FT
Excitation Current CT Knee Point Voltage Malfunction of the Protection FRT
*F=Fingerprint, R=Routine, T=Troubleshooting
Electrical Measurement Methods for
Instrument Transformers
PAGE 6
PD Circuit according to IEC60270
(IEC 60270)
PAGE 7
PD Testing on Instrument Transformers
Example Ur = 10kV
1 min
28kV 7kV
< 20pC
PAGE 8
Design of a MV Epoxy Type
Voltage Transformer
Source: RITZ Technical Dictionary Instrument Transformers
Faults on MV Epoxy Type Instrument
Transformers
PAGE 10
PAGE 11
Exploded 6.6kV Voltage Transformer
HV Transformer with Coupling Capacitor,
Quadripole and PD Instrument
PAGE 12


Generation of the 150Hz Test Voltage with
CPC100 + TR7
PAGE 13
Good CT with PD < 10pC at 12kV
PAGE 14
Conspicuous Voltage Transformer
PD > 500pC at 8kV
PAGE 15
Hazardous PD on a Voltage Transformer
TE = 2nC at 2.5kV!
PAGE 16
High Hydrogene on a 123kV VT-CT
PAGE 17
PD Measurements on GIS Voltage Transformers
PAGE 18
GIS Voltage Transformer
PAGE 19
Technical Assessment
Test Voltage: 1.2 x Um / 3 = 1.2 x 242 / 3 = 170 kV
PAGE 20
Technical Assessment
Calculation of the test current
Voltage Transformer Data
Primary voltage U
Prim
242 [kV]
Sekundary voltage U
Sec
0,11 [kV]
Maximum operation voltage U
m
245 [kV]
Operation voltage U 230 [kV]
Calculation of the Capacitances
Capacitance of the busbar -B3 C
GIS
600 [pF]
Capacitance of the voltage transformer C
TP
300 [pF]
Capacitance of the HV SF6 - outdoor bushing C
Trav
400 [pF]
Cpacitance of the coupling capacitor 300 kV C
Condo
300 [pF]
Total capacitance C
tot
1600 [pF]
Test Data
Test voltage 1.2 * Um / V3 170 [kV]
Test frequency f 60 [Hz]
Calculation of the Test Current
Primary current (245kV) I
Prim
0,103 [A]
Secondary current (110V) I
Sec
226 [A]
Needed test power =75V * 226A S 17 [kVA]
PAGE 21
Test Setup
> 01.31.13034 Omicron - Diag.-Woche - TE 220 kV Spgswandler
GIS
Gas volume B4

GIS
SF6 / outdoor
bushing
GIS
Gas volume B3

Coupling capacitor
333pF / 300kV
Quadri
pole
PD
instrument
MPD600
CPC100
CP TR8
CP CR6
CP CR6 CP CR6
CP CR6
PAGE 22
110V Measurement Circuit
> 01.31.13034 Omicron - Diag.-Woche - TE 220 kV Spgswandler


PAGE 23
Resonance:
I =226A
Setup - 110V Side
CPC100 (Source)
Matching transformer and
compensation reactors
Secondary terminals
PAGE 24
Setup
242kV Side

Coupling Caoacitor
333pF 300kV
with Quadripole
and MDD600


PAGE 25
PD Calibration with 100pC
PD
Calibrator
PAGE 26
PD Level < 6pC at 170kV
PAGE 27
michael.krueger@omicron.at
Questions and Remarks?