Notes

1
Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc.

Video 1
Welcome to Hyper-V!
Your Instructor:
Benjamin Coach Culbertson
MCITP, MCT, MCTS, MCSA, etc., etc.
About Your Instructor and
Train Signal
Whats Covered in this
Course
Hardware
Welcome to Hyper-V!
In this video:
About Your Instructor and Train Signal
MCITP, MCSA, MCDBA, MCT, A+, Net+, CIW, and a few others
2 Year Tour of Duty as an Inner City High School Teacher in Chicago
Launched a couple hundred careers
About Train Signal
Casual Training Method that teaches real skills first
Scenario-Based Training to answer the question "Why does this
change my life?"
About Benjamin Coach Culbertson
2
2. What You Need to Know About Hyper-V
3. Your Very First Virtual Machine
4. Virtual Networks
5. Virtual Disk Tricks
6. Using Windows Deployment Services to
Deploy Virtual Machines
7. Making Your Virtual Machines Portable
Whats Cover In This Course
Whats on the hit parade for this course, Coach?
8. Providing Access to Hyper-V
9. Building a Complete Active Directory Test
Environment in Hyper-V
10.The Server 2008 R2 Upgrade
11.New Features for Hyper-V in
Server 2008 R2
12.Failover Clustering and Live Migration for
Hyper-V in R2
Hardware
Heres what I used for the course
1 VMWare DC
NY-DC1-2K8
Globomantics.com
HYPERV.Globomantics.com
1 Intel QuadCore CPU
4GB of RAM
3 HDDs 250GB
2 NICs
1 VMWare Web Server
Globomantics.com
3
You Ready?
Cmon, Lets Go!
Video 2
What You Need To Know About
Hyper-V
Because You Want To Sound As
Smart As Possible
Virtualization 101
What Hyper-V Really Is
Hyper-Vs Many Flavors
What You Need To Run The Hyper-V
Server Role
Getting Hyper-V Installed
What You Need To Know About Hyper-V
In this video:
4
Virtualization 101
One physical machine, multiple Operating Systems
Server Consolidation
Save Money!
Actually use more of your hardware capacity
Testing Environments
Break stuff while testing without taking down
your network
Dynamic Data Center
Easy Stop and Start on VMs
Integration with System Center (via SCVMM)
Super Fast Super Easy Server Deployment
Virtualization 101
When Virtualization is a good idea
Hyper-V works off
the Hypervisor layer
between the
hardware and the
Operating Systems
Advantages:
Reduced Hardware,
Energy, and Licensing
Costs
Snapshots of VMs
32-bit and 64-bit OS
Supportplus Linux!
What Hyper-V Really Is
The Hyper-V Whizbang
5
Server 2008s Hyper-V Server Role
Built into Server 2008 64-bit Editions
Hyper-V Server
Standalone Hyper-V Server
No other Server Roles
Hyper-V on Server 2008 Core 64-bit
Low Overhead, Not the easiest to get set-up
Hyper-Vs Many Flavors
Theres more than one
Component What You Need Notes
OS Server 2008 64-bit Enterprise,
Standard, and Datacenter
Not supported on 32-bit
RAM Coach Says: 4GB at least MS says: Server 2K8
Requirements plus extra
RAM for VMs
HDD Coach says: 2 250GB SATA
drives
MS Says: Server 2K8
Requirements
Processor Intel or AMD processor with
virtual extensions
Intel-VT and AMD-V
You must enable Intel XD
bit or AMD NX bit in the
BIOS
NICs At least 2 NICs One for actual
connectivity, one for
management
What You Need
And now for the obligatory hardware requirements
Server 2K8 Edition
(All 64-bit edition)
Licenses
Standard 1 VM + 1 Physical
Enterprise 4 VMs + 1 Physical
Datacenter Unlimited VMs + 1
Physical
What You Need
Server 2008 comes with extra licenses for VMs
Datacenter is priced per processor, but may still be more cost
effective depending on how many VMSs you may be
implementing
6
Hank wants to leverage Open Source
more in Globomantics and wants to
start testing several different Open
Source server applications. You need
to start laying the foundation for
testing servers using a Hyper-V
implementation.
You have a machine with 4GB of RAM,
an Intel processor with virtual
extensions running at 2.4 GHz, and
three 250GB HDDs. Your job is to now
install the Hyper-V Server Role.
Time to rock.
Getting Hyper-V Installed
This part is easy
VirtualizationThe ability to create a virtual version of a
device or resource, such as a server, storage device, network
or even an operating system where the framework divides
the resource into one or more execution environments
Virtual MachineA self-contained operating environment
that behaves as if it is a separate computer
HostThe physical machine where virtual machines live
GuestAnother name for virtual machine
VHDVirtual Hard DiskA file that lives on a physical HDD
that acts like a physical HDD on a virtual machine.
Critical Vocabulary
Time for some big words
Describe virtualization and
Hyper-V
Identify the basic requirements
to install the Hyper-V Server Role
Install the Hyper-V Server Role
on a 64-bit Edition Server 2008
What We Covered
After watching this video, your should be able to:
7
Video 3
Your Very First Virtual Machine
More fun than a Tamogatchi
Lets just make one first
Processor Stuff
RAM Stuff
Disk Stuff
Your Very First Virtual Machine
In this video:
Lets just make one first
You know you want to get your hands dirty
8
Integration Services allows for a huge amount of
stuff:
IDE and SCSI Drivers
Allows Mouse Interaction
while in Remote Desktop session
Network Drivers (Kind of a big deal)
You should have the latest Service Pack edition
of the OS to make Integration Services play nice
Yes, you do need install Integration Services if
its all possible to make your VM work as you
expect
One Quick Note
Integration Services
Heres the dealdepending on how many VMs you want
to run on a box, you might need multiple core processors:
A single-processor/dual-core gives you 2 logical processors
A dual-processor/dual-core processor gives you 4 logical
processors
A dual-processor/quad-core processor gives you 8 logical
processors
A quad-processor/dual-core, hyper-threaded system gives you
16 logical processors
You can configure up to 4 logical processors per VM
You can provide up to 24 logical processors per physical
box that hosts your Hyper-V
Processor Stuff
On the processor thing
Operating System Maximum RAM Per Virtual Machine
Standard 31GB
Enterprise 64GB
Datacenter 64GB
RAM Stuff
So, exactly how much RAM can you have?
On Your Physical Machine:
Up to 1 TB of RAM for 64-bit Editions
of Server 2K8 on a Physical Machine
(32GB for Standard Edition)
9
You get up to 4 IDE Devices
per VM (2 IDE Controllers)
But you can also add up to 4
Virtual SCSI Controllers to
your VM as well (even if you
dont have physical SCSI
hardware)
Each SCSI Controller can have
up to 64 Disks, which means
you can have up to 256 Disks
on a VM (if you really wanted
to, I suppose)
Maximum size for any one
vhd: 2040GB
Disk Stuff
And now, Disk Stuff You Need To Know
Integration ServicesA quick software
installation that allows for network
connectivity and additional drivers
Logical Processor A virtual allocation of
physical processor resources
Critical Vocabulary
A couple of new words
Create a new Virtual Machine in Hyper-V
Manager
Install Server 2008 from an ISO file
Install Integration Services into a guest
operating system
Describe particulars on Processors, RAM and
VHDs, including maximum amounts of each
Add RAM, Processors, SCSI Controllers, and SCSI
Disks to a Virtual Machine
What We Covered
After watching this video, you should be able to:
10
Video 4
Virtual Networks
Networking Inside the Machine
and no, Keanu Reeves Will Not Be
Making An Appearance
What do you need for a Virtual
Network
The 3 kinds of Virtual Networks
Nifty Options for An Internal VN
How many networks can you
have?
Virtual Networks
In this video:
Youll need at least one
physical NIC dedicated
for VM use if you want
to have your VMs talk
to the outside world
But VMs also use
Virtual Network
Adapters that you can
configure much the
same as physical NICs
What do you need for a Virtual Network?
Its pretty simple
11
Theres two kinds of virtual
NICs
Network Adapter
Legacy Network
Adapters
Legacy Network Adapters
are slower but if you want
to use Windows
Deployment Services for
VM server installs, you
gotta have em
What do you need for a Virtual Network?
however
Type of Virtual
Network
Notes
External Uses the physical NIC
to talk to everything
Internal Connects to other
machines only
through the Parent
Partition (the host
OS)
Private Connects only to
other Virtual
Machinesno
outside connectivity
The 3 Kinds of Virtual Networks
So heres the critical knowledge
Everybody
Internet
Internet
Nifty Options for Your Internal VN
12
You can have an unlimited number of virtual networks with
up to 512 virtual machines per virtual network.
Each virtual machine can be configured with up to
A maximum of 12 virtual network adapters
8 can be the network adapter type
4 can be the legacy network adapter type.
Each virtual network adapter offers integrated virtual local
area network (VLAN) support and can be assigned a unique
VLAN channel (if youre using an Internal virtual network)
You cannot connect a virtual network to a wireless network
adapter. As a result, you cannot provide wireless networking
capabilities to virtual machines.
How Many Networks Can You Have?
Really? Unlimited?
So Hank has sent you a link to some software
he wants to try out, but as you do research, you
find that the software has some significant
security holes. Hank has hired an Open Source
guru programmer, but you dont want to install
the software on a server that has open access
on your network.
You need to build a private network (along with
an additional VM) for the guru to play with.
Globomantics Test Environment
Wed like to test some beta software.
Virtual Network-- A logical grouping of hosts on
one or more local area networks (LANs) that
allows communication to occur between hosts
as if they were on the same physical LAN.
Virtual Network AdapterA software-based
network adapter
Legacy Network AdapterA virtual network
adapter that allows for network boot-up for
network based OS installation
Critical Vocabulary
Nifty neat-o words to help you talk the talk
13
Identify the types of virtual network adapters
List and describe the three types of Virtual
Networks
Identify the options available for an Internal
Virtual Network
Identify the number of virtual networks
possible on a Hyper-V machine
Create a Virtual Network
What We Covered
Video 5
Virtual Disk and Snapshot Tricks
Differencing Disks and the Magic of
Time Travel (a.k.a Snapshots)
More Virtual Disk Stuff
Differencing Disk
Deployment
Time Travel with
Snapshots
Virtual Disk and Snapshot Tricks
In this video:
14
There are three different kinds of Virtual
Hard Disks:
Fixed: A VHD file that takes up a fixed amount of
space on a physical HDD
Dynamic: A VHD file that starts small and grows
as more space is required up to a particular size
Differencing: A VHD file that relies on another
base VHD and only stores the differences made
on a VHD
Some more stuff about Virtual Disks
A Differencing Disk
only stores changes
that might be made
to a hard drive.
Its linked to a base
VHD that contains
an installed OS
If the base VHD is
changed at all, the
differencing disk
becomes invalid and
all data is lost
Differencing Disks
Using differencing
disks, you can install
only one base
Operating System, and
then create multiple
VHDs and VMs that
use Differencing Disks
This is great for faster
deployment for testing
updates, service packs,
applications, and all
kinds of stuff
Differencing Disk Deployment
You can install one OS on a machine, and then
Vista
Vista SP 1
Vista SP 2
15
A software sales representative has talked Hank into
having a demonstration of the new greatest software
widget ever. The software requires IIS and a host of
other Server 2008 roles and features.
You decide that the best way to have a demonstration of
the software is to deploy a Server 2008 Virtual Machine
on your new shiny Hyper-V box using a differencing disk.
And, oh yeah, Hank just said the software rep will be
here in 20 minutes.
Now isnt that just great.
Differencing Disk Deployment
So Hanks got this guy coming in
Snapshots actually create a
differencing disk that
captures the current state
of the VM
You can move backwards
and forwards to different
snapshots
Coachs SecretTake
Snapshots, then do
whatever you want, blow
stuff up, and then apply a
previous snapshot
Time Travel with Snapshots
Havent you ever blown up a server and then wished
you hadnt hit the enter key right before?
Differencing DiskA virtual hard disk that
relies on another hard disk for its base OS
and only stores changes
SnapshotSaves the state of a VM using
differencing disks
Critical Vocabulary
Just because I know youve been word deprived
16
Describe the three types of virtual hard
disks
Describe what a Differencing Disk is
Lock a base OS disk to ensure that a
Differencing Disk will not blow up
Create a differencing disk
Attach a differencing disk to a VM
Create and apply Snapshots
What We Covered
Video 6
Using Windows Deployment
Services to Deploy Virtual Machines
Super Easy Mass Deployment
A Quick Review of WDS
Set Up WDS in 3 Easy Steps
Lets Make Some
Machines!
Using WDS to Deploy Virtual Machines
In this video:
17
Windows Server 2008 and Vista are both
image-based installations
A Quick Review of WDS
Easy installation for not only Server 2008, but also Vista!
An image can taken of a hard drive, stored on a server, and then deployed via
broadcast to several machines all at once. Works with older OSs as well.
DEPLOY1
MEDIA1
WEB1
TS1
CL1-VISTA
1. Join the machine to the Domain
2. Install the WDS Role
3. Add Images from the Windows 2008 Install Disk (and Vista,
if youre deploying clients)
Youll need to add these two images from the sources
folder:
The boot.wim
The install.wim
Also, if youre planning on deploying both 32-bit and
64-bit editions, youll need to grab the WIM files from
both the 32-bit and 64-bit disks.
WDS in 3 Easy Steps
Theres not a lot of difference
Since youve been demonstrating the power of
Hyper-V to Hank, hes starting to see how much it
can benefit the company. Hes planning on buying
more hardware to start consolidating servers and
implementing better testing environments.
In order to prepare for his purchase, you decide to
build a WDS server in Hyper-V for a portable
solution to creating servers as well as virtualizing
current servers.
Lets Make Some Machines!
Hank does something smart for a change
18
WIM fileWindows Image FormatThe
semi-new file type that stores an image of a
hard drive that contains an OS for installation
Critical Vocabulary
Only One New Word for WDS and Hyper-V
Install the WDS Server Role on a Hyper-V
machine
Add WIM files from a ISO file of a Server
2008 installation disk (or any ISO of an OS)
Create New VMs that are ready to accept an
OS installation from a WDS server
Install an OS on a VM using WDS
Virtualize an Existing Server using WDS
What We Covered
Video 7
Making Your Virtual Machines
Portable
Exporting and Importing Virtual
Machines to Make Your
Deployments A Little Easier
19
Why This is a Good Idea
Export Your VM
Store It!
Import Your VM
Making Your Virtual Machines Portable
In this video:
Exporting and Importing your VMs is
useful for lots of scenarios:
Back Up a VM
Your Hyper-V hardware is headed for a
crash and you need to move your VMs to a
new box
Youre deploying more VMs and you dont
want to do bare metal installs
Why This is a Good Idea
Your Own Portable Deployment Server
Describe scenarios in which
exporting and importing VMs
can be useful
Export a VM
Import a VM
What We Covered
20
Video 8
Providing Access to Hyper-V
Letting Other People Play in the
Sandbox and Security Stuff
Hyper-V Access from Vista
(Hooray!)
Easy Remote Access
Configuration
Some Additional Thoughts on
Hyper-V Security
Providing Access to Hyper-V
In this video:
Microsoft has a Hyper-V
Manager available for Vista
thats free to download
This is great for when you
want to allow another User
access to Hyper-V for testing
Theres a 32-bit and a 64-bit
version available
Hyper-V Access from Vista (Hooray!)
Hyper-V Manager now in Vista flavor!
21
You can go into the Authorization Manager in an
MMC, configure permissions in a half-dozen
places, and generally waste about a half-hour to
an hour
You can add a user to the Local Administrators
Group on the Hyper-V Machine (but, ummm,
yeah, no-no)
Or you can grab a way-cool script from
http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/HVRemote/Re
lease/ProjectReleases.aspx?ReleaseId=2338and
just add a user the easy way
Easy Remote Access
There are three ways to allow Remote Access for Hyper-V
For the masochistic: %programdata%\Microsoft\Windows\Hyper-V\InitialStore.xml
Hanks fired his other Open Source guru and hired
a new one, Sheila. She feels like shed like to have
access to the Hyper-V box at a high level. Shes had
Hyper-V experience in her previous gig, so Hank
has informed you that you now have to give your
Hyper-V box to Sheila.
However, you do not want to give her
administrator access to the whole box. Youll
install the Hyper-V manager on a Vista client, and
then use the HVRemotescript to provide access
for her account.
Providing Remote Access
Your developer needs access
Run Hyper-V on Server Core
Less Overhead and Attack Surface
Have to have Hyper-V Manager installed on a
separate Full-Install Server 2008 (or Vista)
Keep your Virtual Machines patched!
Just because you have VMs doesnt mean that
you dont have to have an update strategy
Use Windows Server Update Services to deploy
patches to multiple machines
Some Additional Thoughts on Hyper-V Security
Just some thoughts on beefing up your Hyper-V Security
22
Locate and install the Hyper-V
Manager for Vista
Provide a User Account with
Remote Access to only the Hyper-V
Server Role using HVRemote
Describe other Security
Considerations for your Hyper-V
Machine and VMs
What We Covered
Video 9
Building a Complete Active
Directory Test Environment in
Hyper-V
Putting All the Pieces Together in a
Shockingly Short Amount of Time
The Globomantics Test
Environment
Private Network
Using Differencing Disks
Using WDS
Using Cloning (i.e. Copy and Paste)
Building a Complete Test Environment
In this video:
23
Building the Globomantics Test Environment
Heres what were going to build:
AD DS
DNS
Domain: V-Globomantics.com
Functional Level: Server 2008
HYPERV
WDS-Portable
V-DC1
V-WebServ
V-File
Our testing environment will be a completely
Self enclosed environment that will house a
Domain Controller, A File Server, and a Web Server
Create a complete Private Network testing
environment using a variety of Hyper-V
deployment techniques
Install AD DS, DNS, a Web Server, a File
Server, and create a Domain for the testing
environment
What We Covered
Video 10
The Server 2008 R2 Upgrade
Powering Up Your Hyper-V Host with
More Toys
24
Upgrading your Server
2008 Hyper-V Host to
R2
Then were going to
upgrade the box!
The Server 2008 R2 Upgrade
In this video:
Server 2008 R2 has some very cool
enhancements to Hyper-V:
Live Migration for Failover Clusters
Better Fault Tolerance and Cluster Validation Tool
Enhancements to the Hyper-V Manager
Better Virtual Networking
Hot-switching of VHDs
Ok, so we know its cool, lets upgrade our
box!
Upgrading your Server 2008 Hyper-V Host to R2
More toys! More toys!
Describe a few of the key
benefits of Server 2008 R2
Hyper-V
Upgrade an existing Server
2008 Hyper-V host to Server
2008 R2
What We Covered
25
Video 11
New Features for Hyper-V in
Server 2008 R2
Dynamic Storage, Switching VM Settings
Quickly, Core Parking, and Processor
Migration
What? You Need Another VHD?
Fast and Easy VM Setting
Alteration
Moving On Up To Processor
Migratability
Core Parking: Stop The Power
Suck
Core Parking and More
In this video:
Rule #1Your primary
bootable drive must be
IDE on your VMs
You can attach up to 64
HDDs to a Virtual SCSI
controller on R2
You can add VHDs and
remove VHDs on the fly
on your VMs SCSI
Controllers on R2
What? You Need Another VHD?
Dynamic StorageEasy Swapping of VHDs on SCSI
1
st
Disk IDE
Bootable
2
nd
Disk
SCSI
3
rd
Disk
SCSI
26
Hot-Add and Hot-Remove VHDs on a virtual
SCSI controller
Change Settings on multiple VMs Quickly
Enable (or Disable) the capacity to migrate a
VM to different versions of processors
Describe the advantages of Core Parking as
an automatic power saving feature of Server
2K8 R2
What We Covered
Video 12
Failover Clustering and Live
Migration for Hyper-V in R2
A Science Experiment in Creating
Highly Available Virtual Machines on
a Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V Cluster
A Primer on Failover
Clustering
Science Time!
Live Migration and Quick
Migration of Virtual
Machines
Failover Clustering and Live Migration in R2
In this video:
27
Failover Clustering is a High-
Availability technology for
keeping critical services and
applications online even in case
of hardware failure
And its really expensive
A Primer on Failover Clustering
Its, ummmm.easier than in past versions, but
A Primer on Failover Clustering
Heres what a basic Failover Cluster might look like
Your need at least
two or more
Servers with
identical
Configurations and
Hardware
for running Your
Application or
Service (or Hyper-V)
SAN/NAS Storage
(iSCSI is a good option)
Your SAN/NAS must support
SCSI-3 persistent connections
Science Time!
And heres what Ive got
1 HP Proliant ML350
Xeon Quad Core
4GB of RAM
2 NICs
1 Frankenstein
Intel Quad Core
4GB of RAM
3 NICs
ReadyNAS Pro
Storage Appliance
1 VMWare
Virtual Machine
Windows Storage
Server 2008
512 MB of RAM
3 NICs
28
Describe Failover Clustering in terms of how its
useful with Hyper-V
Describe the Hardware Requirements for
Failover Clustering
Run the Validate a Configuration Wizard to
determine viability of hardware for Clustering
Attach iSCSI storage using the iSCSI Initiator in
Server 2008 (and R2)
Create a Basic Failover Cluster using a Node
Majority and File Share Quorum configuration
What We Covered
Create a Highly Available Virtual Machine
using the Failover Clustering Manager
Describe the differences between Quick
Migration and Live Migration

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Coach Culbertson | Train Signal, Inc.

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