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Gradient
f f f
Cartesian: f xˆ yˆ zˆ
x y z
f ˆ 1 f f
Cylindrical: f ˆ zˆ
z
f 1 f ˆ 1 f
Spherical: f rˆ ˆ
r r r sin
Divergence
f f f
Cartesian: f x y z
x y z
1 1 f f z
Cylindrical: f
f
z
1 1 1 f
Spherical: f 2 r 2 f r f sin
r r r sin r sin
Laplacian
2 f 2 f 2 f
Cartesian: 2 f
x 2 y 2 z 2
1 f 1 2 f 2 f
Cylindrical: f
2
2
2 z 2
1 2 f 1 f 1 2 f
Spherical: 2 f r 2 sin
2 2
r r r r sin
2
r sin
2
1 2 f 1 2
Note that 2 r (rf )
r r r r r 2
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