J 5124 QUALI TY J 5124 QUALI TY

CONTROL CONTROL
CHAPTER 5 CHAPTER 5
Ac c ept anc e Sampl i ng Ac c ept anc e Sampl i ng
2012/2013 2012/2013
COURSE OUTLI NE COURSE OUTLI NE
-- Usage of ac c ept anc e sampl i ng Usage of ac c ept anc e sampl i ng
-- Advant ages and di sadvant ages of Advant ages and di sadvant ages of
ac c ept anc e sampl i ng ac c ept anc e sampl i ng
-- Types of sampl i ng pl an (si ngl e, doubl e, Types of sampl i ng pl an (si ngl e, doubl e,
mul t i pl e) mul t i pl e)
-- For med l ot For med l ot
-- OC (Oper at i ng Char ac t er i st i c s) OC (Oper at i ng Char ac t er i st i c s)
-- Consumer s Ri sk , pr oduc er s r i sk , AQL Consumer s Ri sk , pr oduc er s r i sk , AQL
(Ac c ept anc e qual i t y l evel ), LTPD ( l i mi t i ng (Ac c ept anc e qual i t y l evel ), LTPD ( l i mi t i ng
t ol er anc e per c ent age def ec t i ve) t ol er anc e per c ent age def ec t i ve)
What i s ac c ept anc e What i s ac c ept anc e
sampl i ng? sampl i ng?
Ac c ept anc e Ac c ept anc e
sampl i ng i s a sampl i ng i s a
met hod used t o met hod used t o
ac c ept or r ej ec t ac c ept or r ej ec t
pr oduc t based on a pr oduc t based on a
r andom sampl e of r andom sampl e of
t he pr oduc t . t he pr oduc t .
What i s ac c ept anc e What i s ac c ept anc e
sampl i ng? sampl i ng?
Pur poses Pur poses
Det er mi ne t he qual i t y l evel of an Det er mi ne t he qual i t y l evel of an
i nc omi ng shi pment or , at t he end i nc omi ng shi pment or , at t he end
pr oduc t i on pr oduc t i on
Ensur e t hat t he qual i t y l evel i s Ensur e t hat t he qual i t y l evel i s
w i t hi n t he l evel t hat has been w i t hi n t he l evel t hat has been
pr edet er mi ned pr edet er mi ned
What i s ac c ept anc e What i s ac c ept anc e
sampl i ng? sampl i ng?
Can be ei t her 100% Can be ei t her 100%
i nspec t i on, or a f ew i t ems of a i nspec t i on, or a f ew i t ems of a
l ot . l ot .
Compl et e i nspec t i on Compl et e i nspec t i on
I nspec t i ng eac h i t em pr oduc ed t o I nspec t i ng eac h i t em pr oduc ed t o
see i f eac h i t em meet s t he l evel see i f eac h i t em meet s t he l evel
desi r ed desi r ed
Used w hen def ec t i ve i t ems w oul d Used w hen def ec t i ve i t ems w oul d
be ver y det r i ment al i n some w ay be ver y det r i ment al i n some w ay
What i s ac c ept anc e What i s ac c ept anc e
sampl i ng? sampl i ng?
Pr obl ems w i t h 100% i nspec t i on Pr obl ems w i t h 100% i nspec t i on
Ver y ex pensi ve Ver y ex pensi ve
When pr oduc t must be dest r oyed When pr oduc t must be dest r oyed
t o t est t o t est
I nspec t i on must be ver y t edi ous I nspec t i on must be ver y t edi ous
l ess ef f ec t i ve. l ess ef f ec t i ve.
Ac c ept anc e Sampl i ng Ac c ept anc e Sampl i ng
Ac c ept anc e Sampl i ng Ac c ept anc e Sampl i ng
met hod met hod
ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING
ACCEPT LOT
RETURN LOT TO SUPPLIER 100% INSPECTION
DECISION
REJ ECT LOT SAMPLE AGAIN
DECISION
INSPECT SAMPLE
Type title here
TAKE SAMPLE
When you w oul d use i t ? When you w oul d use i t ?
When pr oduc t s i n use c oul d be When pr oduc t s i n use c oul d be
damaged easi l y damaged easi l y
When usi ng new suppl i er s When usi ng new suppl i er s
When new pr oduc t s pr oduc ed When new pr oduc t s pr oduc ed
When c ur r ent suppl i er i n quest i on When c ur r ent suppl i er i n quest i on
Test i ng w hol e l ot c oul d be har mf ul Test i ng w hol e l ot c oul d be har mf ul
Ac c ept anc e sampl i ng Ac c ept anc e sampl i ng
ex pl ai ned ex pl ai ned
Sampl i ng Pl an Sampl i ng Pl an
For ms af t er n and c val ues have been For ms af t er n and c val ues have been
f ound f ound
nn
Sampl e si ze t ak en f or your sampl i ng Sampl e si ze t ak en f or your sampl i ng
pl an pl an
cc
Wher e r ej ec t i ons w oul d oc c ur w hen Wher e r ej ec t i ons w oul d oc c ur w hen
def ec t s ex c eeded t hi s per c ent def ec t s ex c eeded t hi s per c ent
Pr oduc er s Ri sk and Pr oduc er s Ri sk and
Consumer s Ri sk s Consumer s Ri sk s
TYPE I ERROR= P(r ej ec t good l ot ) TYPE I ERROR= P(r ej ec t good l ot )
or Pr oduc er s r i sk or Pr oduc er s r i sk
Ri sk assoc i at ed w i t h a l ot of Ri sk assoc i at ed w i t h a l ot of
ac c ept abl e qual i t y r ej ec t ed ac c ept abl e qual i t y r ej ec t ed
TYPE I I ERROR= P(ac c ept bad l ot ) TYPE I I ERROR= P(ac c ept bad l ot )
or Consumer s r i sk or Consumer s r i sk
Rec ei ve shi pment , assume good Rec ei ve shi pment , assume good
qual i t y, ac t ual l y bad qual i t y qual i t y, ac t ual l y bad qual i t y
A Lot A Lot --by by--Lot Sampl i ng Pl an Lot Sampl i ng Pl an
Spec i f y t he pl an (n, c ) gi ven N Spec i f y t he pl an (n, c ) gi ven N
For a l ot si ze N, det er mi ne For a l ot si ze N, det er mi ne
t he sampl e si ze n, and t he sampl e si ze n, and
t he ac c ept anc e number c . t he ac c ept anc e number c .
Mak e a dec i si on t o r ej ec t or ac c ept l ot . Mak e a dec i si on t o r ej ec t or ac c ept l ot .
Spec i f y c our se of ac t i on i f l ot i s r ej ec t ed Spec i f y c our se of ac t i on i f l ot i s r ej ec t ed
Sampl i ng Pl ans spec i f y t he l ot si ze, sampl e si ze, Sampl i ng Pl ans spec i f y t he l ot si ze, sampl e si ze,
number of sampl es number of sampl es and ac c ept anc e / r ej ec t i on and ac c ept anc e / r ej ec t i on
c r i t er i a. c r i t er i a.
Sampl i ng pl ans i nvol ve Sampl i ng pl ans i nvol ve
. Si ngl e sampl i ng . Si ngl e sampl i ng
. Doubl e sampl i ng . Doubl e sampl i ng
. Mul t i pl e sampl i ng . Mul t i pl e sampl i ng
Si ngl e Sampl i ng Pl an Si ngl e Sampl i ng Pl an
The most c ommon and easi est pl an t o use but The most c ommon and easi est pl an t o use but
not most ef f i c i ent i n t er ms of aver age number not most ef f i c i ent i n t er ms of aver age number
of sampl es needed. of sampl es needed.
Si ngl e sampl i ng pl an Si ngl e sampl i ng pl an
-- N = l ot si ze N = l ot si ze
-- n= sampl e si ze (r andomi zed) n= sampl e si ze (r andomi zed)
-- c = ac c ept anc e number c = ac c ept anc e number
-- d= number of def ec t i ve i t ems i n sampl e d= number of def ec t i ve i t ems i n sampl e
Rule: If d c, accept lot; else reject the lot Rule: If d c, accept lot; else reject the lot
Pr oc edur e (Si ngl e) Pr oc edur e (Si ngl e)
Ex ampl e 1 (Si ngl e) Ex ampl e 1 (Si ngl e)
Dec i si on mak i ng has t o f i nal i ze f or pr oduc t Dec i si on mak i ng has t o f i nal i ze f or pr oduc t
l ot N =1000. Consi der sampl i ng pl an as per l ot N =1000. Consi der sampl i ng pl an as per
bel ow : bel ow :
n = 89 n = 89
c = 2 c = 2
Found def ec t , d = 8 Found def ec t , d = 8
Answ er Answ er
-- The l ot i s r ej ec t ed bec ause no of pr oduc t The l ot i s r ej ec t ed bec ause no of pr oduc t
def ec t i ve i s mor e t han ac c ept ed l ot ( d > c ) def ec t i ve i s mor e t han ac c ept ed l ot ( d > c )
Doubl e Sampl i ng Pl an Doubl e Sampl i ng Pl an
A A Doubl e Sampl i ng Pl an al l ow s t he oppor t uni t y t o Doubl e Sampl i ng Pl an al l ow s t he oppor t uni t y t o
t ak e a sec ond t ak e a sec ond sampl e i f t he r esul t s of t he or i gi nal sampl e i f t he r esul t s of t he or i gi nal
sampl e ar e i nc onc l usi ve. sampl e ar e i nc onc l usi ve.
Typi c al l y, f our par amet er s ar e spec i f i ed: Typi c al l y, f our par amet er s ar e spec i f i ed:
nn
11
== number of uni t s i n t he f i r st sampl e number of uni t s i n t he f i r st sampl e
cc
11
== ac c ept anc e number f or t he f i r st sampl e ac c ept anc e number f or t he f i r st sampl e
nn
22
== number of uni t s i n t he sec ond sampl e number of uni t s i n t he sec ond sampl e
cc
22
== ac c ept anc e number f or bot h sampl es ac c ept anc e number f or bot h sampl es
Doubl e Sampl i ng Pl an Doubl e Sampl i ng Pl an
Doubl e Sampl i ng Pl an Doubl e Sampl i ng Pl an
Pr oc edur e (Doubl e) Pr oc edur e (Doubl e)
Tak e smal l i ni t i al sampl e and c ompar e w i t h Tak e smal l i ni t i al sampl e and c ompar e w i t h
c 1 and c 2 c 1 and c 2
If d1 c1, accept If d1 c1, accept
I f c 1 < d1 < r 1 t ak e sec ond sampl e I f c 1 < d1 < r 1 t ak e sec ond sampl e
Ac c ept or r ej ec t l ot based on 2 sampl es Ac c ept or r ej ec t l ot based on 2 sampl es
-- if (d1 + d2) c2 , accept if (d1 + d2) c2 , accept
-- i f (d1 + d2) > r 2 , r ej ec t i f (d1 + d2) > r 2 , r ej ec t
Less i nspec t i on t han i n si ngl e Less i nspec t i on t han i n si ngl e--sampl i ng sampl i ng
Ex ampl e 2 (Doubl e) Ex ampl e 2 (Doubl e)
Gi ven: Gi ven: N = 9000, n1 = 60, c 1 = 1, r 1=4 N = 9000, n1 = 60, c 1 = 1, r 1=4
d1 = 5 d1 = 5
n2= 150, c 2 =6, d2 = n2= 150, c 2 =6, d2 = 22
Det er mi ne ei t her t o ac c ept or r ej ec t l ot . Det er mi ne ei t her t o ac c ept or r ej ec t l ot .
Answ er Answ er
Rej ec t l ot Rej ec t l ot
Mul t i pl e Sampl i ng Pl an Mul t i pl e Sampl i ng Pl an
A A Mul t i pl e Sampl i ng Pl an i s si mi l ar t o t he Mul t i pl e Sampl i ng Pl an i s si mi l ar t o t he
doubl e sampl i ng pl an i n t hat doubl e sampl i ng pl an i n t hat suc c essi ve suc c essi ve
t r i al s ar e made, eac h of w hi c h has t r i al s ar e made, eac h of w hi c h has
ac c ept anc e, r ej ec t i on and i nc onc l usi ve ac c ept anc e, r ej ec t i on and i nc onc l usi ve
opt i ons. opt i ons.
Choosi ng A Sampl i ng Choosi ng A Sampl i ng
Met hod Met hod
Whi c h Pl an you c hoose depends on Whi c h Pl an you c hoose depends on
Cost and t i me Cost and t i me
Number of sampl es needed and number Number of sampl es needed and number
of i t ems i n eac h of i t ems i n eac h sampl e sampl e
Si ngl e sampl i ng pl ans Si ngl e sampl i ng pl ans
hi gh sampl i ng c ost s hi gh sampl i ng c ost s
Doubl e/Mul t i pl e sampl i ng pl ans Doubl e/Mul t i pl e sampl i ng pl ans
l ow sampl i ng c ost s l ow sampl i ng c ost s
Lot r ej ec t ed w i l l be send bac k t o
pr oduc t i on uni t and i sol at e t he
nonc onf or mi ng uni t s w i t h t he c onf or mi ng
uni t s. How ever , t hi s pr oc ess w i l l del ay t he
pr oduc t i on pr oc ess. But i f t he pr oduc t s ar e
r eal l y r equi r ed, t hen t hi s w i l l be a good
c hoi c e.
ACTI ON CAN BE TAKEN TO ACTI ON CAN BE TAKEN TO
THE REJ ECTED UNI T THE REJ ECTED UNI T
The r ej ec t ed l ot s w i l l be r epai r ed on t he
spot af t er i nst al l at i on i n t he c ust omer s
w or k pl ac e by t he manuf ac t ur er or t he
c ust omer t hemsel ves. How ever , t hi s w i l l
l eave a psyc hol ogi c al ef f ec t as t he
c ust omer r eal i ze t hat t he pr oduc t t hey
bought may be f aul t y, but w i l l be t ak en as a
good ex c use i f any c ompl i c at i on happen i n
t he f ut ur e.
ACTI ON CAN BE TAKEN TO ACTI ON CAN BE TAKEN TO
THE REJ ECTED UNI T THE REJ ECTED UNI T
The r ej ec t ed l ot w i l l be send bac k t o t he
manuf ac t ur er f or r epai r . Thi s i s t he best
ac t i on as i t hel ps t o i mpr ove t he qual i t y.
Usual l y t he c ost of t r anspor t ar e c ount ed
f or t w o w ays (i nc l udi ng c ost t o send bac k i f
r ej ec t ed), t her ef or e t hi s t ype of c ost w i l l
al so be a mot i vat i on f or qual i t y
i mpr ovement . How ever , t hi s ac t i on may
c ause a c ompl et e hal t i n pr oduc t i on and
may gi ve an i mpac t t o t he suppl i er of r aw
mat er i al s on t he i mpor t ant of qual i t y
assur anc e.
ACTI ON CAN BE TAKEN TO ACTI ON CAN BE TAKEN TO
THE REJ ECTED UNI T THE REJ ECTED UNI T
Oper at i ng Char ac t er i st i c s Oper at i ng Char ac t er i st i c s
Cur ve(OC) Cur ve(OC)
An An Oper at i ng Char ac t er i st i c Cur ve (OCC) i s a Oper at i ng Char ac t er i st i c Cur ve (OCC) i s a
pr obabi l i t y c ur ve f or a pr obabi l i t y c ur ve f or a sampl i ng pl an t hat show s t he sampl i ng pl an t hat show s t he
pr obabi l i t i es of ac c ept i ng l ot s w i t h var i ous l ot qual i t y pr obabi l i t i es of ac c ept i ng l ot s w i t h var i ous l ot qual i t y
l evel s (% def ec t i ves). l evel s (% def ec t i ves).
EXERCI SE EXERCI SE
What the probability the lot is accepted and rejected?
If lot has:
a) 5% defectives
b) 12% defectives
c) 17 % defectives
Cust omer Ac c ept anc e Cust omer Ac c ept anc e
Level s Level s
Most c ust omer s under st and t hat 100% i nspec t i on i s Most c ust omer s under st and t hat 100% i nspec t i on i s
i mpr ac t i c al and ar e gener al l y w i l l i ng t o ac c ept t hat i mpr ac t i c al and ar e gener al l y w i l l i ng t o ac c ept t hat
a c er t ai n l evel of def ec t i ves w i l l be pr oduc ed. a c er t ai n l evel of def ec t i ves w i l l be pr oduc ed.
The The Ac c ept abl e Qual i t y Level (AQL) Ac c ept abl e Qual i t y Level (AQL) i s t he i s t he
per c ent age l evel of def ec t s at w hi c h a c ust omer i s per c ent age l evel of def ec t s at w hi c h a c ust omer i s
w i l l i ng t o ac c ept as l ot as good . w i l l i ng t o ac c ept as l ot as good .
The The Lot Tol er anc e Per c ent Def ec t i ve (LTPD) Lot Tol er anc e Per c ent Def ec t i ve (LTPD) i s t he i s t he
upper l i mi t on t he per c ent age of def ec t i ves t hat a upper l i mi t on t he per c ent age of def ec t i ves t hat a
c ust omer i s w i l l i ng t o ac c ept . c ust omer i s w i l l i ng t o ac c ept .
AQL AQL
Ac c ept abl e Qual i t y l evel s(AQL) Ac c ept abl e Qual i t y l evel s(AQL)
Number of def ec t per c ent age al l ow ed i n a l ot Number of def ec t per c ent age al l ow ed i n a l ot
w hi c h c an st i l l be c onsi der ed ac c ept ed w hi c h c an st i l l be c onsi der ed ac c ept ed
(Type I er r or ) (Type I er r or )
The per c ent age i s usual l y bet w een 1 The per c ent age i s usual l y bet w een 1 --2 % 2 %
def ec t i ve. def ec t i ve.
The pr oduc er w oul d l i k e t o desi gn a The pr oduc er w oul d l i k e t o desi gn a
sampl i ng pl an suc h t hat t her e i s a hi gh sampl i ng pl an suc h t hat t her e i s a hi gh
pr obabi l i t y of ac c ept i ng a l ot t hat has a pr obabi l i t y of ac c ept i ng a l ot t hat has a
def ec t l evel l ess t han or equal t o t he AQL. def ec t l evel l ess t han or equal t o t he AQL.
Lot Tol er anc e Per c ent Def ec t i ve(LTPD) Lot Tol er anc e Per c ent Def ec t i ve(LTPD)
Amount of def ec t s t hat w i l l c ome w i t h a l ot of Amount of def ec t s t hat w i l l c ome w i t h a l ot of
goods(Type I I er r or ). goods(Type I I er r or ).
The r ange c ont ai n i ndi f f er ent qual i t y i t ems, an The r ange c ont ai n i ndi f f er ent qual i t y i t ems, an
upper l i mi t on t he per c ent age of def ec t i ves t hat a upper l i mi t on t he per c ent age of def ec t i ves t hat a
c onsumer i s w i l l i ng t o t ol er at e i n ac c ept ed l ot s. c onsumer i s w i l l i ng t o t ol er at e i n ac c ept ed l ot s.
Consumer w i l l not ac c ept any l ot w i t h a def ec t i ve Consumer w i l l not ac c ept any l ot w i t h a def ec t i ve
per c ent age ex c eeds t he LTPD. per c ent age ex c eeds t he LTPD.
LTPD i s a desi gnat ed hi gh def ec t l evel t hat w oul d LTPD i s a desi gnat ed hi gh def ec t l evel t hat w oul d
be unac c ept abl e t o t he c onsumer . The c onsumer be unac c ept abl e t o t he c onsumer . The c onsumer
w oul d l i k e t he sampl i ng pl an t o have a l ow w oul d l i k e t he sampl i ng pl an t o have a l ow
pr obabi l i t y of ac c ept i ng a l ot w i t h a def ec t l evel pr obabi l i t y of ac c ept i ng a l ot w i t h a def ec t l evel
as hi gh as t he LTPD. as hi gh as t he LTPD.
LTPD LTPD
Ther ef or e t he sampl i ng pl an must be desi gned t o assur e Ther ef or e t he sampl i ng pl an must be desi gned t o assur e
t he c ust omer t hat t hey w i l l be r ec ei vi ng t he r equi r ed t he c ust omer t hat t hey w i l l be r ec ei vi ng t he r equi r ed AQL AQL
and LTPD. and LTPD.
The The AQL and LTPD ar e dependent on many t hi ngs AQL and LTPD ar e dependent on many t hi ngs
(r el i abi l i t y, l i abi l i t y, (r el i abi l i t y, l i abi l i t y, c ompet i t or qual i t y l evel s, et c .) and c ompet i t or qual i t y l evel s, et c .) and
w i l l var y by i ndust r y and by c ust omer . w i l l var y by i ndust r y and by c ust omer .
Typi c al l y i ndust r y st andar ds ar e set bec ause suppl i er s Typi c al l y i ndust r y st andar ds ar e set bec ause suppl i er s
have mor e t han one c ust omer and c ust omer s have mor e have mor e t han one c ust omer and c ust omer s have mor e
t han one suppl i er . t han one suppl i er .
The The Consumer s Ri sk i s t he pr obabi l i t y t hat an Consumer s Ri sk i s t he pr obabi l i t y t hat an
unac c ept abl e l ot (e.g. unac c ept abl e l ot (e.g. above t he above t he LTPD) w i l l be ac c ept ed. LTPD) w i l l be ac c ept ed.
The The Pr oduc er s Ri sk i s t he pr obabi l i t y t hat a good l ot Pr oduc er s Ri sk i s t he pr obabi l i t y t hat a good l ot
w i l l be r ej ec t ed. w i l l be r ej ec t ed.
Cust omer Ac c ept anc e Cust omer Ac c ept anc e
Level s Level s
OCC, AQL & Pr oduc er s OCC, AQL & Pr oduc er s
Ri sk Ri sk
OCC, LTPD & OCC, LTPD &
Consumer s Ri sk Consumer s Ri sk
Pr oduc er s r i sk Consumer s r i sk
i) Represented by symbol .
ii) Probability of non-acceptance of a
conforming lot.
iii) This risk given as 0.05.
iv) Pa=1- =1-0.05 =0.95
i) Represented by symbol .
ii) Probability of acceptance of a
nonconforming.
iii) This risk given as 0.05.
iv) Associated with the consumers risk
is a numerical definition of
nonconforming lot, called
LIMITING QUALITY(LQ)
OC CURVE AND MI L OC CURVE AND MI L--STD STD--
105D 105D
TUTORI AL TUTORI AL
EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 1
Dr aw OC Cur ve f or bel ow sampl e Dr aw OC Cur ve f or bel ow sampl e
pl an: pl an:
N = 3000, n= 89, c =2 N = 3000, n= 89, c =2
STEP STEP
1) 1) Assume Nonc onf or mi ng, Po Assume Nonc onf or mi ng, Po
Val ue Val ue 0.01,0.02,0.03.0.07 0.01,0.02,0.03.0.07
2) 2) Cal c ul at e Cal c ul at e nPo nPo val ue val ue
3) 3) Det er mi ne Pa val ue f r om Tabl e Det er mi ne Pa val ue f r om Tabl e
C (Poi sson Di st r i but i on) C (Poi sson Di st r i but i on)
4) 4) Pl ot Gr aph Pa Vs 100Po (% Pl ot Gr aph Pa Vs 100Po (%
def ec t i ve) def ec t i ve)
Summar y al l t he STEP i n Tabl e. Summar y al l t he STEP i n Tabl e.
Tabl e f or OC Cur ve Tabl e f or OC Cur ve
Assumed Pr oc ess
Qual i t y Sampl e Si ze Nonc onf or mi ng
Pr obabi l i t y of
Ac c ept anc e
Po 100Po n nPo Pa
0.01 1 89 0.9 0.938
0.02 2 89 1.8 0.731
0.03 3 89 2.7 0.494
0.04 4 89 3.6 0.302
0.05 5 89 4.5 0.174
0.06 6 89 5.3
0.07 7 89 6.2

LQL
AQL
USE MI L USE MI L--STD STD--105D TO 105D TO
DETERMI NE SI NGLE SAMPLI NG DETERMI NE SI NGLE SAMPLI NG
PLAN PLAN
EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 1
REFER PAGE 12 (UNI T 5) I N THE REFER PAGE 12 (UNI T 5) I N THE
WORKBOOK WORKBOOK
EXAMPLE 2 EXAMPLE 2
For a l ot of 5000, an AQL of For a l ot of 5000, an AQL of
0.65% and i nspec t i on l evel of I I I , 0.65% and i nspec t i on l evel of I I I ,
det er mi ne t he si ngl e sampl i ng det er mi ne t he si ngl e sampl i ng
pl ans f or nor mal , t i ght ened and pl ans f or nor mal , t i ght ened and
r educ ed i nspec t i on. r educ ed i nspec t i on.
Answ er Answ er
Nor mal Ti ght ened Reduc ed
n =
Ac =
Re =
n =
Ac =
Re =
n =
Ac =
Re =
Fr om a l ot of
a r andom sampl e of
i s i nspec t ed.
I f or l ess
nonc onf or mi ng uni t s
ar e f ound, t he l ot i s
ac c ept ed. I f
or mor e
nonc onf or mi ng uni t s
ar e f ound, t he l ot i s
r ej ec t ed
Ex er c i se Ex er c i se
Di f f er ent i at e t he number of Ac , Re and n Di f f er ent i at e t he number of Ac , Re and n
f or si ngl e sampl i ng i nspec t i on t abl e f or si ngl e sampl i ng i nspec t i on t abl e
ac c or di ng t o MI L ac c or di ng t o MI L--STD STD--105D f or t hr ee (3) 105D f or t hr ee (3)
c ases of i nspec t i on l evel s above (S4c ), i f c ases of i nspec t i on l evel s above (S4c ), i f
you have t he f ol l ow i ng: you have t he f ol l ow i ng:
Lot Si ze N Lot Si ze N = 20,000 uni t s = 20,000 uni t s
AQL AQL = 0.65 % = 0.65 %
Gener al I nspec t i on l evel s Gener al I nspec t i on l evel s = I I = I I