Proiect Masini Electrice II

Autor:FIRU GEORGIANA-COSMINA
An III ET grupa 2!

Coor"onator: TUTE#EA #UCIAN
I$ Cuprins:
Tema de proiectare............................................................pag.3
Memoriu de proiectare......................................................pag.4

Fisierul cu rezultate din MATLAB....................................pag.5
Caracteristici de functionare..............................................pag.10
esene de tole....................................................................pag.13
esen de ga!arit.................................................................pag.15
Calculul de incalzire...........................................................pag.1"
Bi!liografie.........................................................................pag.1#
$
II$ Te%a "e proiectare

%a se proiecteze un motor asincron trifazat cu rotor in coli&ie in scurtcircuit ' in
constructie cu talpa care sa ai!a urmatoarele caracteristici(
) puterea nominala ( PN & 22 '()* +
) turatia sincrona ( n! & ,-. 'rp%* +
) tensiunea nominala ( UN & /.. '0* +
) frec&enta nominala ( 1N & -. '23* +
) randament nominal ( *N & 4!5- '6*+
) factorul de putere ( cos7N & .5,, +
) curentul de pornire raportat (
"
+
+
,
-
=
) cuplul de pornire raportat (
. ' 1
M
M
,
-
=
) cuplul ma/im raportat (
. ' $
M
M
,
0
=
) cone/iune stea 1
) clasa de izolatie F dar cresterea temperaturii &a fi corespunzatoare clasei B1
3
III$ Me%oriu "e pre3entare
+n urma proiectarii au rezultat urmatoarele caracteristici te2nice(
) randament nominal ( *N & 4.54 '6* (mai slab cu 0,6 %)
) factorul de putere ( cos7N & .58.8 (mai bun cu 4,9 % ) +
) cuplul nominal ( MN& 28.5!! 'N%*+
) curentul nominal ( IN&/952. 'A* +
) curentul de pornire ( IP&2/,58 'A* +
) cuplul de pornire ( MP&/9-52- 'N%* +
) curentul de pornire raportat (
.3 ' 5
+
+
,
-
=
1
) cuplul de pornire raportat (
" ' 1
M
M
,
-
=
1
) cuplul ma/im raportat (
3 ' $
M
M
,
0
=
1
) dimensiune de ga!arit 4 315 5mm61
4
I0$Fisierul cu re3ultate "in MAT#A:
Para%eters o1 Electrical %ac;ine
T;is is a results 1ile generate" <= e,>or$% using sa?e>par$%
Generate" at: .2-@un-2..A 2!:9-:-9
Rate" para%eters
-n4$$.0000001 78 rated -o9er
n!4.50.0000001 rpm rated s:nc2ronous ;!ase< speed
=n4400.0000001 = rated line =oltage
m43.0000001 -2ase num!er
cone/4>:>1 %tator 9indings connections
poles43.0000001 num!ers of poles
rpos4>i>1 rotor position( i )inner rotor' o ) outer rotor
r97ind4>s>1 7ind of rotor 9indings( s ) s2ortcircuit cage
designAs4>m>1 esign as( m)motor' g)generator
=fn4$30.#401031 =
+n443.$005##1 A ?ated Current
fn450.0000001 @z ?ated freAuenc:
TorA4$30.11$.001 ,m ?ated TorAue
Mma/4.3#."41."31 ,m -ea7 TorAue
nn4.$1.15.#4"1 rpm ?ated speed
nslip40.03345"1 ?ated slip
7slip40.$.4"$51 critical slip
rB4$.4"".0$1 7gCmD$ +nertial moment of rotor
Tmn40.""50031 s Mec2anical time constant ;rated tor7<
Tm740.$453451 s Mec2anical time constant ;pea7 torA<
-1n4$4.1##"531 78 ?ated Electric po9er
etan40.#0#1041 ?ated efficienc:
cosp2in40.303535 ?ated po9er factor
etama/40.#$#1131 Ma/imum of efficienc:
cosp2ima/40.305"3$ Ma/imum of po9er factor
lcpertau41.5000001 lengt2 per pole tau ;for start design<
seltaT4100.0000001 C Temperature rise in stator 9inding
reltaT4140.0000001 C Temperature rise in rotor 9inding
Bolt@oles 41.0000001 Factor to allo9 for !olt 2oles in stator core
F8 4 110.0000001 8 Friction and 9indage loss at full load speed
Stator Bin"ings
,14.$1 Turns per stator p2ase
-arallel-at2s411
la:ers4$1
s%lots-er-ol-er-2ase431 %tator %lots -er -ole -er -2ase
s%tep40.33333#1 %tator coil step
s!Fc43.14353$1 Turns per coils in stator 9indings from calculus
s!43.0000001 C2ose turns per coils in stator 9indings as integer num!er
Cp%4".0000001 Conductors per slot in stator
f9s40.##.4"31 istri!ution factor for stator 9inding
fc2s40.####331 %2orting factor
f940.#45$141 %tator 9indings factor
sG&er2angLengt24$3".303.551 mm' %tator o&er 2ang lengt2
MLC453..303.551 mm' Lengt2 of t2e mean conductor
sdelcc40..413#51 mm' diameter of elementar: conductor from calculatin
selc4$#1 %tator elementar: conductor on coil
sdelc40..500001 mm' it is standard diameter around sdelcc
5
sdelcFins40.33$0001 mm' diameter of insulated elementar: conductor
sacu41$.3113031 area of stator eAui&alent conductor
sacuFins415..""4.$1 area of insulated stator eAui&alent conductor
s8ireBare 44.0333.41 eAui&alent diameter of stator 9ire
s8ireCo& 44.43045.1 eAui&alent diameter of insulated stator 9ire
Rotor Bin"ings
r8ireBare41.3$1#"4eH0011 mm iameter of rotor !are
rEnd?ingC%A 4314.1335141 mmD$ End of ring area
r2?ing 4$4.0000001 mm radial ring 2eig2t
f9r 40.#5"0001 8inding factor for sAuirrel)cage motor
Stator %ain "i%ensions
so4543.0000001 mm' %tator G
si440".0000001 mm' %tator !ore diameter
s%lots4.$.0000001 ,o. of stator slots
Bolt@oles41.0000001 T2ere are not e/actl: !olt 2oles
lc4$51.0000001 mm' Core lengt2
lcEff4$33.4300001 mm' Effecti&e iron lengt2
tau-ole415#.4353$.1 mm' pole pitc2
C04"3.3$"5"#1 7=AsImD3 Mac2ines constant' used for design start
lgMin40."1..0.1 mm minimum lengt2 of air)gap from calculus
lg40.$500001 mm' air)gap lengt2
Stator slots - Pri%ar= "i%ensions
sMs4$."000001 mm' Mout2 of stator slot
s2440.3000001 mm' 2eig2t of slot mout2
s834..43.$5"1 mm' 9idt2 of top slots
s2341.01$1341 mm
s8$4..43.$5"1 mm
s2$40.0000001 mm
s814#.5453131 !ottom slots 9idt2 mm
s214$3.53"4531 mm
s?144...$"5"1 mm' radius of !ottom of stator slot
s2t4$3.5"3"$41 mm' distance from !ottom circle center to air gap
s2GA430.1$1$#31 mm' o&er all slot 2eig2t
sAlp2a4$$.5000001 degrees
s%lotAlp2a40.03.$""1 rad' angle !et9een t9o stator slots
tau%slot41...150#$1 mm' stator slot pitc2 at !ore
s%lotArea4$45.33153"1 mmD$
s%lot8indingArea4$3".$".#341 mmD$' %lot area need for 9indings
Stator slot insulation
slot+nsulT2ic740.1500001 mm' T2ic7ness of slot insulation
slotClosureT2ic740.5000001 mm' T2ic7ness of slot closure ;9edge<
Rotor %ain "i%ension
r%lots444.0000001 ,um!er of rotor slots
ri4340.0000001 mm' rotor !ore diameter
ro4405.5000001 mm' rotor outer diameter
rrB413#.503110 mm' rotor inertial radius
Rotor slots "i%ensions
rMs41.$000001 mm
r244".4$15#51 mm' 2eig2t of mout2 of rotor slot
r2340.0000001 mm
"
r2140.5000001 mm
r2GA413.34313#1 mm
r8141$.34313#1 mm
r8$41$.34313#1 mm %tator magnetic circuit dimensions
sToot2Top410.3313"51 mm' 9idt2 at toot2 root
sToot2Bot410.335#.#1 mm' 9idt2 nearest air)gap
sCoreept2440.3.3.0.1 mm
/44#3.4#505.1 mm' effecti&e diameter of magnetic lengt2 pat2 in stator core
Rotor %agnetic circuit "i%ensions
rToot2Top41".0330431 mm' 9idt2 of root of rotor Toot2
rToot2Bot414.$040401 mm' 9idt2 of rotor toot2 nearest air)gap
:43"5.3.5.431 mm' effecti&e diameter of magnetic lengt2 pat2 in rotor core
rCoreept241#.40"3111 mm
Stator Beig;t
8eig2t+ronJsed454"...#.0#1 7g' 8eig2t of iron used
8eig2t%tCore+ron4113.5.#"451 7g
8eig2t%tTeet2+ron441.003$##1 7g
8eig2t%t+ron415#.53$#431 7g' 8eig2t of stator +ron
8eig2t%tCu4$".53113$1 7g' Copper 9eig2t
8eig2t%t413".1"40."1 7g' %tator 9eig2t
Rotor Beig;t
8eig2t?t+ron453.33$11"1 7g' 8eig2t of ?otor +ron
8eig2tCage4#.35"3.#1 7g' ?otor Copper 9eig2t
8eig2t?t4"3."334#51 7g' ?otor 9eig2t
8eig2tM4$54.35$5.01 K7g' Lenerator 9eig2t
Electrical para%eter
s?40.143"441 G2m' %tator resistance at 1$0.000000 grade C
r?40.1#143$1 G2m' ?otor resistance at 1"0.000000 grade C
rm441#.33111#1 G2m' EAui&alent iron loss resistance
l240.03414$1 @
7FCarter41.1#31$11 Carter Factor
7Fsat4$.30500$1 %aturated Factor
Bs43.51.3.01 AImmD$ %tator current densit:
Br43.4000001 A.mmD$ ?otor current densit:
s%lotFill40.50#.#01 fill factor for stator
Magnetic in"uction
BgFma/40.43"33"1 T air)gap magnetic induction
sBToot240.#5#...1 T magnetic induction in stator toot2
sBCore40..534.51 T magnetic induction in stator :o7e
rBToot241.0$"35"1 T magnetic induction in rotor
rBCore41.4.$40$1 T magnetic induction in rotor :o7e
#osses
spcu433$.$3"5.41 8' %tator 9indings losses
+ronLoss43...5$350#1 8' +ron Loss
+ronLossCore4$40.35$51$1 8' +ron Loss
+ronLossTeet2413".".0##.1 8' +ron Loss
stLoss41$0#.."00331 8' %tator Loss
rpcu4334.1$33$$1 8' ?otor 9indings Loss
pmec4105.."#33$1 8' Mec2anical loss
.
Rotor %ec;anical stress
&ma/431.34.3#"1 mIs Ma/imum &alue of perip2er: speed
sigmaF:o7e4".""#4..1 ,ImmD$ Mo7e stress under itself 9eig2t
sigmaFma/411.51$$$.1 ,ImmD$ Ma/imum stress in rotor :o7e
Tor(ue an" poBer "ensit=
Tdn41.1431$"1 ,mI7g ?ated torAue per 7ilo
Td743.0#34$"1 ,mI7g -ea7 torAue per 7ilo
-d40.03"3$41 78I7g -o9er per 7ilo
T;is outputs Bas pro"uce" using t;e neCt "ata as input:
-n4$$1 78' rated -o9er
n!4.501 rpm' rated ;!ase< sped
nma/4$Cn!1
=n44001 =' rated line =otage
m431 -2ase num!er
cone/4>:>1 %tator 9indings conections
: for star and d for poligon conection
poles431 num!ers of poles
eta%pec40.#151 rated eficienc:
cos-2i%pec40...1 rated po9er factor
rpos4>i>1 rotor position( i )iner rotor' o ) outer rotor
r97ind4>s>1 7ind of rotor 9indings( s ) s2ortc2ircuit
designAs4>m>1 esign as( m)motor' g)generator
lg4.$51 mm lengt2 of airgap1
Stator slots - Pri%ar= "i%euBnsions
s%lot%2ape 4 5>!>61 %tator slot s2ape
sMs4$."1 Mout2 of stator slot mm.
s2440.31 @eig2t of slot mout2 mm.
sAlp2a4$$.51 degrees
s2$401 in t2is case as 9inding fills slot
Rotor slots - Pri%ar= "i%ensions
r%lot%7e94$.1 ?otor s7e9 4 1Ir%lot%7e9 of rotor perip2er:
r%lot%2ape4 5>!>61 ?otor slot s2ape
rMs41.$1 Mout2 of rotor slot mm.
r2140.51
C;arge o1 %aterials
Bs43."1 AImmD$ %tator current densit:
Br43.41 AImmD$ ?otor current densit:
Bendring4$.51 AImmD$ Current denssit: in rotor end ring of rotor cage
elsp41"1 7AIm %pecificate electric load
sBToot2sp41.11 T %pecificate magnetic inductin in stator Toot2
sBMo7esp40.31 T %pecificate magnetic inductin in stator :o7e
rBToot2sp41."1 T %pecificate magnetic inductin in rotor Toot2
rBMo7esp41..1 T %pecificate magnetic inductin in rotor :o7e
Bagsp40." 1 T %pecificate magnetic inductin in air gap
s%lotFills40.41 %pecificate stator sllot fill
3
Secon"ar= "ata prescriptin
-arallel-at2s411
lcpertau41.51
s%lots-er-ol-er-2ase431 %lots per pole per p2ase
la:ers4$1
s%tep4;mCs%lots-er-ol-er-2ase)1<I;mCs%lots-er-ol-er-2ase<1 %tator coill step
sG&e2angFins4$1 mm %tator o&er2ang insulated' minimum distance !et9een a/e and o&er2ang
delcma/4..51 mm Ma/imum diameter for elementar: conductor in stator
r%lots4441
seltaT 41001 Temperature rise in stator 9inding
reltaT 41401 Temperature rise in rotor 9inding
Bolt@oles 4 11 Factor to allo9 for !olt 2oles in stator core
4 1 if no !olt 2oles
4 1.05 if !olt 2oles
F8 4 5C-n1 8 Friction and 9indage loss at full load
Assumed 0.5K from -n
M0430CF8I;piCn!<1
constant1 get constant
d7""F"51 get magnetc features of lamination
#
0$ Caracteristici "e 1unctionare+
10





11
0I$ Sectiune D"etaliu crestaturiE



1$
Fetaliu crestatura statorica:

Fetaliu cresatatura rotorica:

13
0II$ Fesen "e ga<arit

14
0III$ Calcul "e incal3ire
-artile motorului care se dez&olta caldura sunt(infasurarile pac2etul de tole si lagarele.
-ierderile de putere care apar in motor la functionarea acestuia in regimul nominal sunt(
) -Cu1 4 $43'#0 1
) -Fe 4 55'5. 1
) -Al$ 4 $11'". 1
) -mec 4 10'033 1
%e calculeaza incalzirea carcasei fata de mediul am!iant(

6 C 5 33 ' 3"
34$ ' 14
1.3 ' 5$1

< #"4 ' 0 03# ' 0 ; 3 ' 14
033 ' 10 5. ' 55 ". ' $11 #0 ' $43
< % % ;
- - - -
o
$ 1 0
mec Fe $ Al 1 Cu
c
= =
+
+ + +
=
+
+ + +
=


Jnde (

=
C m
8
3 ' 14
$ 0 1
61 m 5 #"4 ' 0 #$5 ' 0 03# ' 0 0 L
4

%
61 m 5 03# ' 0
4
04#.$# ' 0
14 ' 3
4

%
$
L = o
$
o
1
$
$
o
$
= + = + =
= = =
+ntre suprafata e/terioara a pac2etului de tole statoric si suprafata interioara a carcasei se
formeaza un interstitiu
6 m 5 10 5 ' .
5
a

=
' prin care se transmit pierderile din pac2etul de tole
statoric -Fe si infasurarea statorica -cu11
+ncalzirea pac2etului de tole statoric fata de carcasa este(
6 C 5 15 ' 11
0$5 ' 0
0000.5 ' 0
#5 ' 3.13 A
o
a
a
s s
= =

=
Jnde(
15
[ ]
su!tiri straturi in aerului litatea conducti!i
C m
8
0$5 ' 0
m 305$53 ' 0 115 ' 0 $$3 ' 0 14 ' 3 l %
m
8
#5 ' 3.13
305$53 ' 0
5. ' 55 #0 ' $43
%
- -
A
o
a
$
1 1 e e
$
e
Fe 1 cu
s

=
= = =

=
+
=
+
=
+ncalzirea pac2etului de tole statoric fata de mediul am!iant este(
6 C 5 43" ' 4. 33 ' 3" 15 ' 11
o
c s fe
= + = + =
A&em (
6 m 5 3$0"04 ' 0 54 115 ' 0 < 00.4 ' 0 1'5. 0'0$ $ ;
, Lc < 1 s9
$
1 s2 $ ; , Lc - %
izolatiei1 a termica liatatea conducti!i )
C m
8
0'1
izolatiei1 grosimea 6 m 5 10 $5 ' 0 iar
m
8
.5 ' ."0
3$0"04 ' 0
#0 ' $43
%
-
A
( e/presia are si lor crestaturi suprafata prin caloric flu/ului densitatea A ( unde
61 C 5 01# ' 1
1 ' 0
000$5 ' 0
.5 ' ."0 A
$
1 1 cr
>
cr
o
i
3
i
$ >
cr
1 cu
i
i
o
i
i
i i
= + =
=

+ = =

=
=

= = =

= =

+ncalzirea infasurarii statorului fata de mediul am!iant(

6 C 5 33" ' 4# 43" ' 4. # ' 1
o
fe i cu
= + = + =
aca incalzirea motorului este suflata de aerul de racire;functionarea motorului cu
&entilator<' calculul anterior se &a corecta astfel(
eoarece suprafata %1 este suflata cu aer ' in aceasta zona apare o im!unatatire a
transmisiei de caldura.=iteza aerului se apreciaza la =4")13 mIs' corespunzator turatiilor de
.50)3000 rpm.Coeficientul de transmisie a caldurii pe partea suflata este(

= + =
C m
8
03 ' .3 < = 3 ' 1 1 ; 3 ' 14
o $
& 1
+ncalzirea carcasei fata de mediul am!iant de&ine(

61 C 5 33 ' .
#"4 ' 0 03 ' .3 03# ' 0 3 ' 14
033 ' 10 5. ' 55 ". ' $11 #0 ' $43
% %
- - - -
o
1 & $ 0
mec Fe $ Al 1 cu
c
=
+
+ + +
=
+
+ + +
=
1"
ceea ceconduce la modificarea incalzirii infasurarii statorice si a pac2etului de tole statoric
fata de mediul am!iant .
61 C 5 5 ' 13 01# ' 1 43# ' 13
si
61 C 5 43# ' 13 15 ' 11 33 ' .
o
i
>
Fe
>
Cu
o
s
>
C
>
Fe
= + = + =
= + = + =
+ncalzirile corespund claselor de izolatie B1

IG$ :i<liogra1ie
1.
- I$ Cioc5 C$ Nica : HProiectarea %asinilor electriceI
- To%a For"ea : HProiectarea %asinilor electrice ?ol IJIII
HConstructia %asinilor electriceI
- I$ Sora 5 I$ No?ac : HIn"ru%ator "e proiectareI
13