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OSTEOARTHRITIS
ETIOLOGY
Exact cause or etiology is unknown but there are several factors that
increase a person’s risk of developing Osteoarthritis. It includes:
Age
Age is the strongest risk factor for developing Osteoarthritis. The
chance of developing the disease increases with age. Most people over
age 60 have osteoarthritis to some degree.
Injury
Traumatic injury to a joint increases your risk of developing
Osteoarthritis in that joint.
Joint Overuse
Joints that are used repeatedly in certain jobs or sports may be more
likely to develop Osteoarthritis. Occupations that involve frequent knee
bending increase the risk of knee OA, and those that require frequent
lifting appear linked to hip OA.
Obesity
Obesity increases the risk for osteoarthritis of the knee and hip. Excess
weight causes stress on joints that weren't made to support that
weight.
Gender
Before age 45, osteoarthritis occurs more frequently in men. After age
45, osteoarthritis is more common in women.
Heredity
A person could have a defect in one of the genes responsible for
making cartilage. This can cause cartilage to deteriorate more rapidly.
TREATMENT
The goals of treatment are to:
• Increase the strength of the joints
• Maintain or improve joint movement
• Reduce the disabling affects of the disease
• Relieve pain
MEDICATIONS
The most common medications used to treat osteoarthritis are non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
They are pain relievers that reduce pain and swelling. Types include aspirin,
ibuprofen, and naproxen.
Although NSAIDs work well, long-term use of these drugs can cause stomach
problems, such as ulcers and bleeding. Manufacturers of NSAIDs include a
warning label on their products that alerts users to an increased risk for
cardiovascular events (heart attacks and strokes) and gastrointestinal
bleeding.
NURSING MANAGEMENT
Teaching the patient to balance exercises and rest.
- Excess weight puts stress on your joints, especially your hips, knees,
back, and feet.
NURSING DIAGNOSES
Chronic pain related to joint tenderness and edema
Impaired Physical Mobility related to joint deterioration