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This boiler calculator determines the fuel energy required to produce 15.9 thousand pounds per hour of saturated steam at 309 pounds per square inch gauge using a boiler with an 81.1% combustion efficiency and 3.1% blowdown rate. It calculates the steam, feedwater, and blowdown properties and energy flows, determining that 21,225 thousand British thermal units of fuel energy are required to provide the 17,214 thousand British thermal units of energy needed for the boiler.
This boiler calculator determines the fuel energy required to produce 15.9 thousand pounds per hour of saturated steam at 309 pounds per square inch gauge using a boiler with an 81.1% combustion efficiency and 3.1% blowdown rate. It calculates the steam, feedwater, and blowdown properties and energy flows, determining that 21,225 thousand British thermal units of fuel energy are required to provide the 17,214 thousand British thermal units of energy needed for the boiler.
This boiler calculator determines the fuel energy required to produce 15.9 thousand pounds per hour of saturated steam at 309 pounds per square inch gauge using a boiler with an 81.1% combustion efficiency and 3.1% blowdown rate. It calculates the steam, feedwater, and blowdown properties and energy flows, determining that 21,225 thousand British thermal units of fuel energy are required to provide the 17,214 thousand British thermal units of energy needed for the boiler.
Steam Mass Flow * 15.9 klb/hr * Required Enter [reset] Allowed Range / Limits Minimum
Maximum
**Example: Saturated Steam Examples: Mouse Over
Calculation Details and Assumptions below Steam Mass Flow 15.9 klb/hr Pressure 309.0 psig Sp. Enthalpy 1,204.0 btu/lbm Temperature 218.0 C Sp. Entropy 6.299 kJ/kg/K Saturated 1.00 Energy Flow 20,197
Boiler Blowdown Rate 3.1 % Boiler Energy 17,214 Combustion Efficiency 81.1 % Fuel Energy 21,225 Blowdown Mass Flow 0.5 klb/hr Pressure 309.0 psig Sp. Enthalpy 401.7 btu/lbm Temperature 218.0 C Sp. Entropy 2.499 kJ/kg/K Saturated 0.00 Energy Flow 216 Feedwater Mass Flow 16.4 klb/hr Pressure 1.4 psig Sp. Enthalpy 184.8 btu/lbm Temperature 102.5 C Sp. Entropy 1.336 kJ/kg/K Saturated 0.00 Energy Flow 3,199
Calculation Details Step 1: Determine Properties of Steam Produced Using the Steam Property Calculator, properties are determined using Steam Pressure and the selected second parameter (Temperature, Specific Enthalpy, Specific Entropy, or Quality). The Specific Enthalpy is then multiplied by the Mass Flow to get the Energy Flow: Pressure = 309.0 psig Quality = 1.00 [Steam Property Calculator] => Specific Enthalpy = 1,204.0 btu/lbm Steam Energy Flow = Specific Enthalpy * Mass Flow [ Steam Energy Flow = 20,197 = 1,204.0 btu/lbm * 15.9 klb/hr ]
Step 2: Determine Feedwater Properties and Mass Flow The feedwater flow rate can be calculated from steam mass flow and blowdown rate: 1. Blowdown Mass Flow = Feedwater Mass Flow * Blowdown Rate 2. Steam Mass Flow = Feedwater Mass Flow - Blowdown Mass Flow 3. Steam Mass Flow = Feedwater Mass Flow - Feedwater Mass Flow * Blowdown Rate 4. Feedwater Mass Flow = Steam Mass Flow / [ 1 - Blowdown Rate ] [ Feedwater Mass Flow = 16.4 klb/hr = 15.9 klb/hr / ( 1 - 0.031 ) ] Using the Steam Property Calculator, properties are determined using Deaerator Pressure and Quality = 0 (Saturated Liquid). The Specific Enthalpy is then multiplied by the Mass Flow to get the Energy Flow: Pressure = 1.4 psig Quality = 0.00 [Steam Property Calculator] => Specific Enthalpy = 184.8 btu/lbm Feedwater Energy Flow = Specific Enthalpy * Mass Flow [ Feedwater Energy Flow = 3,199 = 184.8 btu/lbm * 16.4 klb/hr ]
Step 3: Determine Blowdown Properties and Mass Flow Using the calculated feedwater mass flow and blowdown rate: Blowdown Mass Flow = Feedwater Mass Flow * Blowdown Rate [ Blowdown Mass Flow = 0.5 klb/hr = 16.4 klb/hr * 0.031 ] Using the Steam Property Calculator, properties are determined using Steam Pressure and Quality = 0 (Saturated Liquid). The Specific Enthalpy is then multiplied by the Mass Flow to get the Energy Flow: Pressure = 309.0 psig Quality = 0.00 [Steam Property Calculator] => Specific Enthalpy = 401.7 btu/lbm Blowdown Energy Flow = Specific Enthalpy * Mass Flow [ Blowdown Energy Flow = 216 = 401.7 btu/lbm * 0.5 klb/hr ]
Step 4: Determine Boiler Energy Boiler Energy = Steam Energy Flow + Blowdown Energy Flow - Feedwater Energy Flow [ Boiler Energy (Flow) = 17,214 = 20,197 + 216 - 3,199 ] Step 5: Determine Fuel Energy Fuel Energy = Boiler Energy / Combustion Efficiency [ Fuel Energy = 21,225 = 17,214 / 0.811 ]
Assumptions Deaerator provides feedwater near the boiling temperature for the deaerator's set operating pressure. (Saturated Liquid) Steam, Boiler, and Blowdown Pressure are the same. Combustion Efficiency is the % of fuel energy that is directly added to the feedwater and not otherwise lost or used. Blowdown Rate is the % of incoming feedwater mass flow rate that leaves the boiler as a saturated liquid at boiler pressure. Does not include any evaluation of any complex boiler configurations or fluctuations in operation. Energy from motors (pumps, fans, etc.) are not considered. Boiler and fuel types are not considered.