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UE Section C.

Q1-15

1 The word ‘compelling’ in the phrase ‘the most compelling


themes of our times” (lines 1-2) means something which ...

D cannot be ignored.

Quotation Explanation Skill tested


The rising power “Compel” implies get sth by Guess the meanin
and influence of pressure. It matches the on the context.
Asia is the most theme: central to current
compelling theme political debate.
of our times and is
central to current
political debate in
the West. (lines 1-
3)

2. The phrase “centre of gravity” (lines 7-8) means …

A. the balance of power.

Quotation Explanation Skill tested


The shifting centre of The topic of this article is “The Guess the meaning
gravity in world affairs Asian Challenge”. David on the context.
affects the way we see Howell contrasts East with
our interests and shape West. The register should
our policies, especially related to history, world
foreign policy.(lines 7- affairs.
9)

1. In paragraph 3, the writer suggests that Western


thinkers have

A. been focusing on the questions rather than on their


answers.

The question was deleted.

1. In paragraph 4, which of the following does the writer


suggest that the West needs to consider accepting?
1. Asian business techniques
2. Asian values
3. Asian attitudes

A. all of the above.

Quotation Explanation Skill tested


The west has to be “Adopting” implies “consider 1. Reading for spec
clear-headed not just accepting”. “But also” is a information
about adopting the phrase, suggesting
business techniques of 2. Grammar structu
those now in the “ additional items”.
ascendant – the Asian
dynamos – but also
about the values and
attitudes, which lie
beneath their success,
as both economics and
societies.(lines 20-24)
5. The writer’s attitude towards the fact that “Japan alone
now accounts for 56 percent of the world’s saving” (lines
26-7) is one of
A. Surprise
Quotation Explanation Skill tested
Incredibly, Japan alone “Incredibly” suggests Tone.
now accounts for 56 “impossible to believe”.
percent of the world’s “Alone” suggests emphasis.
saving – as against the
United States’ five per
cent.(lines 26-29)

6. Which of the factors below does the writer believe will


hinder Asian success?

1. autocratic regimes
2. state-driven investments
3. energy supplies

A. None of the above

Quotation Explanation Skill tested


Those who concede that “Concede” suggests “admit”, Tone, discourse ma
Asia is marching ahead and “we are told” suggests
comfort themselves something told are passive.
with the belief that it is “Yet” suggests a contrast,
all being achieved by defending what are mentioned
state-driven investment earlier. These are not factors,
of autocratic regimes which hinder Asian success.
which sooner rather
than later will inevitably
fail. A lack of energy
supplies will also
hamper their efforts, we
are told. Yet, these
“autocratic regimes” are
privatizing their
industries and
increasingly getting rid
of state economic
power. (lines 30-37)
6. Which of the following does the writer feel is the case
concerning current energy supplies?

1. Middle East oil producers are not dependable


2. Asian coal supplies are unreliable
3. Asian coal is environmentally bad

C. all of the above


Quotation Explanation Skill tested
As for energy policies, most The use of “or” and “as well Discourse marker
of these societies long ago as” conveys three different
made the decision to go pieces of information.
nuclear. These policies do
not depend on uncertain
Middle East oil products, or
on unreliable – as well as
environmentally –
undesirable – domestic coal
supplies.(lines 30-34)

8. Which area does the writer feel will have the cleanest
environment in the next century?

1. Asia
2. the Middle East
3. the West
A. 1. Only

Quotation Explanation Skill tested


So, the prospect The second co-ordinate clause Reading for specific
emerges not just of shows that Asian states are information
richer Asian countries with a cleaner environment.
with far better public
amenities, but of states
with a cleaner
environment and more
reliable power supplies
than Western
governments for
decades to come.(lines
41-45)
8. The word “It” (line 48) refers to…

C. the failure

Quotation Explanation Skill tested


The West’s failure “It” is the subject of the Reference
to catch up with sentence. It refers to the
what has occurred subject of the previous
with such sentence.
astonishing speed
and power in parts
of Asia in the last
decade is
widespread. It
extends not just to
the environment
and physical
infrastructure of
modern Asian
societies, which
people are amazed
to

find leave British


and many other
European cities
looking run down
and
dilapidated.(lines
46-52)

9. The word “which” (line 50) refers to …

B. the environment and physical infrustrature of


modern Asian societies.

Quotation Explanation Skill tested


It extends not just “Which” is a relative Reference
to the environment determiner, used to refer back
and physical to preceding noun, “the Relative determine
infrastructure of environment and physical
modern Asian infrastructure of modern
societies, which Asian societies.
people are amazed
to

find leave British


and many other
European cities
looking run down
and

dilapidated.(lines
48-52)
11. The writer suggests that – compared to Asian cities –
European cities …
B. are in a poor state of repair
Quotation Explanation Skill tested
It extends not just ‘Dilapidated” implies “falling Reading for specific
to the environment into pieces and in a bad state information.
and physical of repair.”
infrastructure of
modern Asian
societies, which
people are amazed
to

find leave British


and many other
European cities
looking run down
and

dilapidated. (lines
48-52)
12. In lines 51-54, the writer states that European and
American leaders …

A. like to talk about the basic values of life in the West.

Quotation Explanation Skill tested


1. European and “Good family life, self- Reading for specific
American leaders discipline, hard work, respect information.
are never happier for elders, dedication to Superordinate and
than when children’s education, crime- hyponym
sounding off free communities, suppression
about basic of drugs, and an emphasis on
values, by which duty as well as rights” are
they mean good basic values. “Basic values” is
family life, self- a Superordinate . “Good family
discipline, hard life, self-discipline, hard work,
work, respect for respect for elders, dedication
elders, dedication to children’s education, crime-
to children’s free communities, suppression
education, crime- of drugs and an emphasis on
free communities, duty ” are hyponyms
suppression of
drugs, and an
emphasis on duty
as well as rights.
13. The writer feels that the reasons for the Asian success
story lies in a mixture of …

1. Western capitalism
2. market forces
3. Confucian values

C. all of the above


Quotation Explanation Skill tested
Were we not told that The writer uses a subjunctive 1. Reading for sp
Confucian philosophy subjection to defend the information.
imposed a fatal success for Asian success lies
passivity on these on three factors, not only the 2. tone
peoples and that they western ones.
could only be
energized by good
doses of western
capitalism and market
forces? (lines 61-64)
14. The phrase “their parents” (line 78) refers to
D. parents of all Asian children
Quotation Explanation Skill tested
What this actually “Millions of children” is Reading for specifi
mean is that superordinate . Indonesian, information.
millions of children Indian, Malaysian, Chinese, Superordinate and
– Indonesian, Thai, Vietnamese, and hyponym
Indian, Malaysian, countless others”are
Chinese, Thai, hyponym. They are Asian
Vietnamese, and countries.
countless others –
are coming out of
school more
attuned to the age
of computers than
their Western
counterparts. If
their parents, who
often came from
agricultural
backgrounds, have
already lifted their
societies to the
top rank of
economic
performers, the
mind spins to
think of the impact
a fully-educated
and highly-skilled
younger
generation will
have, leaving the
West even further
behind.
(lines 74-84)
15. The writer states that Westerners usually look at Asian
development in terms of

1. government systems
2. degrees of democracy
3. grassroots relationships

B. 1 and 2 only

Quotation Explanation Skill tested


While the Western eye “Rarely” suggests “not often, Reading for specific
focuses on government seldom’ and it is negative in information
systems and degrees sense.
of democracy, the The use of negative
grassroots adverb.
relationships inside
modernizing Asian
societies are rarely
examined. (lines 84-
86)

UE Section C. Q 16—33

Q. A Explanation Skill tested


16 C The subject is “58 million adults” which is Singularity
a figure. A singular is used after it.
17 A “As” is a preposition, suggesting having a Part of
function or character speech
18 B “Substantial” suggests in a large amount. Collocation
It is supported by the figure 20%
19 C “Get” suggests “obtain”. It collocates with Collocation
“manage to”, suggesting success, and
control.
20 B “Newly” collocates with “discovered”. Collocation
21 D “Which” is used to form a defining Defining
adjective clause. adjective
clause
22 D “Besides” is a preposition, suggesting in Preposition
addition to. A noun phrase should be
followed.
23 D “Led” is a past participle, modifying the Past
previous noun, “the scientist”. participle
24 B “Nearly” is an adjective, suggesting the Collocation
close to. It refers to shape, identity.
25 A “Search” is a noun; it takes “for” after it. Collocation
26 C “Injected” with lepin. The suggested Understandin
answer can be found on the second g the context.
paragraph, line 4.
27 C “On average” suggests “taking account of Understandin
performance”. Losing 30% of their body g the context.
weight after two weeks is the
performance.
28 A “No such” weight loss is the performance Understandin
of a control group. g the context.
29 B “Slim down” suggests losing weight. It Understandin
matches with the theme. g the context.
30 A deleted  
31 D “As” is preposition, after “used”. After the Preposition
preposition, a noun phrase is followed.
32 A “Human lepin reduced weight in the mice” Common
is a fact. expression
33 B “Raised” suggests causing to appear. It Collocation
goes with “the possibility”.

UE Section C. Q 33-44

Q A Explanation Skill tested


34 C 1. “Allowed the blaze to spread 1. Context
rapidly” and “prevented residents 2. Register
form escaping’ are the causes
leading to the tragic fire in 1996. 3. Parallelism
2. There is another clues: the use of
the register: “fire” and “blaze”.

3. The use of the conjunction “and”


links two verbs together. They
should be parallel in structure.
35 A 1. The use of subjunction, 1. Subjunctiv
unconditional type 3. It denotes a e
past unlikely situation.
2. Context
2. “No deaths”, “safely housed” and
“to prevent such incident” goes to
the same direction.
36 D “Premature” goes with “the outcome of Context
the official investigation”
37 C “In fact” carries two functions: one is 1. Discourse
correction; the other is explanation. marker
There are attractions to outside
investors leads to many businesses in 2. Context.
Shenzhen are foreign owned. The
sentence followed Q37 is its
explanation.
38 D “The lack of building and investment Context
control” is an attraction to foreign-
business. This is also the cause of the
blaze.
39 A “Exploited to the full” suggests Cause and effect
“selfishly and unfairly for one’s relationship
advantage”. This leads to the fire.
40 C The conjunction “as” is used to Cause and effect
introduce the adverb clause of reason. relationship
The Shenzhen factory is alleged to
have warned foreign companies.
41 B “ Indeed” is an adverb, to emphasize a 1. Cause and
statement or a description. To tighten effect
control can the Shenzhen authorities relationshi
use an excuse. p

2. Context
42 A It matches the theme: lose nothing by Context
having no principals.
43 D 1. “Through his pocket” matches 1. Context
with “heavy fines”.
2. Register
2. This is a way to force the
businessman to observe the law.
44 B 1. The authorities should not 1, Context
hesitate to impose the companies 2. Reference
act.

2. “Them” refers to “companies act”.

UE Section C Q45-66
Beijing buyers cheated by coal gangs(45)

Military police in Beijing have been aiding and abetting


criminal gangs (45) who are selling low-quality coal and
swindling 40 percent of the city’s coal buyers, according to
an investigation by the Workers’ Daily.

Most of Beijing is heated by coal from the Datong mines


which are 380 kilometers to the north of the capital.
Normally, the coal is shipped to Beijing by rail (47) and its
distribution is supposed to be the monopoly (46) of the
Beijing Coal Corporation. However, since 1991, the
Corporation has seen its annual sales drop from nearly 10
million tonnes to just over six million. Its operating profits
have also dwindles to next to nothing.

The Corporation’s prices are being undercut by coal gangs


who run a number of illicit schemes. These schemes involve
transporting coal by track (48) rather than by rail (47), even
though road transport is problematic (50) and theoretically
more expensive (49). The gangs overcome transport
problems by paying the military police( 51), who then help
them in a number of ways. For example, they hire out their
military vehicles (52) so that the gangs can evade read and
bridge tolls (53) and can even avoid checkpoints(54) . Some
gangs buy(56 the verb form has to be changed) military
police registration plates, while others make fake(55) plates
for their trucks.

On their way to Beijing, the truck drivers usually stop at


guesthouses(57) While they are “resting”, the guest house
owners (58) mix, or sometimes switch, the Datong coal with
inferior coal. The guest house owners make a profit by
selling off the Datong coal they remove while the drivers get
free board and lodging and subsequently pass off their new
loads onto unwary buyers.

There are many other types of illegal activities. Trucks are


only allowed to enter Beijing after 8 p.m., and the gangs
make full use of the darkness. Some pad the loads out with
empty gas barrels(60), used tyres (61) and even large
cement blocks (62). Other gangs mix in coal from local
mines which is cheaper( 59) but of lower quality

When it comes to selling the coal in Beijing, a number of


things may happen. Purchasers often tell what they are
buying. Some do know, but accept bribes(63, the answer
should be in verb form) of up to 28 yuan a tone for looking
the other way. Some customers use weighbrifges to check
how much coal they are buying; here the gangs often resort
to “making a chicken’s nest” that is, they throw blocks of
solid coal(64), which weigh more but are less valuable, onto
the trucks’ loads. Indeed, many customers now have to buy
twice the amount of winter coal they did before.

Police have been making an effort to stop these illegal


activities, but they have achieved very little. Part of the
reason for this, according to the Workers’ Daily,

is that the illegal operators receive tip-offs (66) before


police raids (65)

Answers:

Q Answers Q Answers
45 Criminal/coal gangs 57 Guest houses
46 monopoly 58 Guest house owners
47 By rail/train/railway// on 59 Local, cheap. Cheaper,
trains // 380 kilometers inexpensive

coal
48 By truck// on trucks// by 60 Empty barrels
roads
49 Expensive// costly// dear 61 Used /old tyres
50 Problematic// troublesome 62 Cement blocks
51. Military/army police 63 bribed
52 Vehicles// trucks// lorries 64 Solid coal/large cement
53 tolls 65 raid
54 checkpoints 66 Tip-off
55 Fake    
56 Bought    

UE Section C Q67-77

Q Explanation Skills tested


67H “Rounded up” suggested “arrested. Register,
“Raid” “Operation” and “undercover
work” are of the same register:
operation.
68C A “long –haired youth “ goes with “he”, Cohesive device,
“held up” goes with “a pistol and register
“escaped with money”
elaboration
69L Column B is an additional information Additional
of column A. The word, “also’ is used to information,
imply additional information. “1.4 m” register
parallels 10,000,
70A “Gassed himself” in a car paralleled Register,
“found the body”. These two phrases
refer to the same direction: the man Logical
committed suicide. development
71I “A driver was killed” goes with “a fatal Extension
crash”.
72J “A woman was robbed” in column A is Register
“the victim” in column B which is an
explanation of the first sentence Explanation
73K “His 40-year-old wife” in column A is Register
“the woman” in column B. “Broke into”
matches with ‘bolted”. Column B is the Explanation
explanation of Column A.
74E “Close three lanes” in column A makes Register
“passengers frustrated” because they
have to get out and walk to a nearby Logical
housing estate. It is a logical development
development
75D Column B is a logical development of Logical
column A; it explains why Ma is development
seriously injured. The car bounced off
the anti-crashed railings into an
articulated lorry.
76B “A 33-year-old unemployed man” in Cohensieve
column A matches “Another jobless device;
man” in column B.
Infinite
determiner
77F “An elderly woman” in column A refers 1. Cohesive
to “the woman” in column B. “Dead” device
goes with “passes away”. Column B is 2. Register
the explanation of column A.
3. Explanation

UE Section C. Q78-98

Q Explanation Tested items


78 tick  
79 Underline “verify,” and change to “ Gerund
verifying”. It takes a gerund after the
preposition “without”.
80 Underline “claim”, and change to Singularity
“claims”. It takes a third person singular
after the subject, “a person”.
81 Underline “asked”, and change to “ask”. Parallel structure
It should be parallel in structural with
“call” because they are linked up by the
conjunction “and”.
82. Underline “staffs”, and change to Collective noun
“staff”. The staff is a collective noun,
plural in form, without an “s” at the end.
83. Underline “that ”, and change to “what” Useful phrase
which is an interrogative determiner,
suggesting one or more things in a
definite number. For what purpose, it
means for any particular purpose.
84. Underline “returned”, and change to ellipsis
“returning”. After when, a present
participle is needed, because the
subject and the auxiliary verb can be
omitted. In this case, “you are’ is
omitted.
85 Add “the” between “in” and “evening” to Useful
the phrase “in the evening”. expression
86. 1. Add “you” before “enter” because the 1. Prep
subject is omitted,
2. Conjunction
2. An alternative can be change “enter”
to “entering”. After the word “before’
and “after”, they can be both a
conjunction and a preposition.
87 Underline “secure”, and change to Adverb
“securely”. An adverb is used to modify
the verb “close”.
88 tick  
89 Add, “are” before “provided” to form an 1. adjective
adjective clause, modifying “devices”. clause
Or Cross-out “that”. “Provided” is a
past participle, modifying “devices” 2. past
participle
90 tick  
91 1.Cross out “another” to form a noun 1. noun
phrases “in places”. phrase
2.Underline “another”, and change to 2. determiner
“any, or other” which are determiners s

• Underline places, and change to 3. singularity


place. The noun goes after
“another” should be singular.
92 Add, “be” before or after “easily”, to Passive voice
form a passive voice.
93. Cross out “be”. After negative, a verb Negative
should be directly followed.
94. Underline “hotels”, and change to hotel 1. Compound
to form a compound noun. noun
Or change hotels to hotel’s to form a
possessive adjective. 2. Possessive
adjective
95 Underline “valuables”, and change to Adjective; part of
“valuable” to form an adjective which speech
modify “items”
96 Cross out “for”. After “check”, it is Infinitive
followed either a noun phrase or an
infinitive.
97. Add “are” before “locked” to show Passive voice
passive voice
98 Underline left, and change to “leave” Present tense
because of present simple tense

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