09 Combustion (burners, combustion systems)

energy sources. The paper also dwells on the steps we need to take so that
we can utilize renewable energy sources without facing environmental
backlashes of the type we got from hydropower projects.
00/02020 Utilization of wastes containing materials of organic
origin, in particular plastics
Zmuda. W. Pol. PL 170,472 (Cl. B09B3/00), 31 Dee 1996, Appl. 298.008, 8
.
Mar 1993. 3. (In Polish)
Wastes, especially plastic that is less than 10 wt% can be added to a coal
charge and the resultant mixture is subjected to conventional coking. An
optional stage in the process. is the wastes being dissolved and carbonized
either in a high-boiling organic liquid, such as anthracene oil or coal tar
pitch prior to mixing with the coal charge for coking. Incineration of the
plastic wastes produces gas emissions, which are eliminated from this
procedure. However, there is no decrease in the quality of the resultant
coke and coke-oven gas.
08 STEAM RAISING
Boiler operation/design
00102021 Determination and standardization of discharges of
fuel nitrogen oxides from a TP-92 boiler
Ivasik, Y. F. Ekorekh~ol. Resu~.~osh~r~~h~f?i~. 1998. (I). 43-45. (In Ukraine)
The TP-92 boiler has been experimentally researched. The main objective
for the study was to determine and standardize the discharges of fuel
nitrogen oxides produced by the burning of coal from the Lviv-Volyn basin.
Optimization of the TP-92 boiler was carried out. in an attempt to decrease
the nitrogen oxide discharges.
00102022 Disc feeders deliver the goods
Anon., Po&-r Bu/X EIIR., 1999. 13. (I ). 44-47, 49-50. 52. 54.
A review on disc feeders used to monitor the quantity of coal delivered to
boilers. A discussion is also included on the bypass mode and elimination of
coal stoppage.
00102023 Effects of chlorine in coal on boiler superheater/
reheater corrosion
Chou, M-l. M. Prepr. S,vnp. - Am. Chmn. SM.. Dn FM~ Chern.. 1999. 44,
(I). 167-171.
The effects of superheater/reheater corrosion in pulverized coal boilers has
been linked to the chlorine (Cl) content in coals. according to many British
studies. This finding has led to most US boiler manufacturers to set their
maximum recommended Cl level at 0.3%. However, Cl-related boiler
corrosion has not been reported by US utilities burning high-chlorine
Illinois coals. Other factors, such as boiler parameters, have been studied
for their effect on corrosion rate. This study measured the rate of corrosion
caused by two high-Cl coals (British and Illinois) and one low-Cl Illinois
coal under identical pilot-scale combustion conditions for a duration that
would give reliable comparisons. No correlations were shown between coal
Cl content and rate of corrosion in the experimental results, but a
correlation was shown between the rate of corrosion and the metal
temperature used. The data produced by this investigation could result in
the limit being lifted of burning high chlorine Illinois coals in the utility
boilers.
00102024 Heat and firing engineering concept of the steam
boiler for Unit K of the Niederaussem brown coal power plant
with optlmized firing technology (BOA)
Heitmuller, R. J. and Kather, A. VGE T&r. li,r. GI.o.FS~I.(I~~II,C~.~.~~C~~...
[Tugwtgsher.] VGB-TB, 1998. Al/l-Al/25. (In German)
For the conversion of brown coal in a lOOO-MW Block K power plant with
optimized firing and heating technology, the conversion efficiency is 45%.
Improved pollution free combustion control and a reduction of losses with
flue gases is provided by the firing technology. In order to reduce the
temperature in the waste gases a corrosion resistant plastic heat exchanger
is used. The process uses fresh supercritical steam in contact with austenitic
heating surfaces and newly developed tubing materials. A test operation is
scheduled to be performed in Block K on November 1st 2002.
00102025 Mathematical modelling of a steam generator with
circulating fluidized bed with the objective of a real-tlme
simulation (results of VGB Research Project 151)
Schafer, J. P WR (A/II. So<,. Me&. .!+?.I. 199X. 2. 641-648.
The development of a comprehensive model simulating the transient
behaviour of a steam generator with a circulating fluidized bed combustion
(CFBC) is presented. The model serves as a basis for a training simulator
located at Kraftwerksschule E. V., the training centre of power plant
operators in Essen, Germany. Operating staff of power plants with CFBCs
can be educated with the aid of this model. At present. the simulation
includes the combustor, cyclones, external heat exchangers and a convective
pass as well as the water-steam cycle from the feed-water pump to the inlet
of the turbine. Also included as part of the simulation are the main control
facilities. The performance of the simulation wa\ verified by comparison
with measured data.
00/02026 Partial oxidation type gasification apparatus for
steam reforming fuel manufacture
Yanome, S. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP I I lllh.702 [YY lOh.70?] (Cl.
BOlD3/36), 20 Apr 1999, Appl. 971266.414, .?(I Sep 1007. 7. (In Japanese)
This gasification apparatus was designed with the intcntlon of producing a
hydrogen-containing high temperature gas. The process involve\ heating a
hydrocarbon fuel together with an oxidizing agent and steam to a reaction
temperature in a gasification furnace that is provided with a steam heating
apparatus. The steam heating apparatus comprises a first and a second heat
storing and exchanging apparatus whose one ends communicate with the
gasification furnace, taking-out and supplying pipes respectively provided
with valves and properly connected for taking out a produced high
temperature gas and for supplying steam, respectively and a controller to
control the taking-out valves and the supplying valves as to take out
produced high temperature gas from either one of the heat storing and
exchanging apparatus and simultaneously supply steam from the other. The
steam that is supplied to the gasification furnace IS heated to the production
temperature of the high temperature gas, which results in a notable
increase in hydrogen production efficiency and a decrease in fuel and
oxidizing agent consumption.
00102027 Performance enhancement in coal fired thermal
power plants. Part I: boilers
Siddhartha, B. M. and Jothibasu, S. //I/. J. L?,I~.~J. Rc\.. lY9Y. 23. (6). 465
487.
The performance of 22 coal fired thermal power stations of capacities 30-
500 MW were studied and this paper presents the results. The efficiencies
and performance indexes of the equipment are evaluated which then leads
to the performance evaluation route-operational optimization. simple
modification of equipment or renovation. The generic prtrhlems associarrd
with design, operation and fuel inputs is investigated and appropriate
solutions are suggested to immediately improve the boiler efficiency levels
from 71-870/o and 89-YO% on a long-term (S-IO year) has&. Also presented
are large volumes of data in the form of curve fits for computer simulation
of the performance of boilers for coals with a htgh ash content.
00102028 Steam aenerator for aasifvina coal
James, D. E. PCT In;. Appl. WO Y915,64% (?I. COIB), 27 May IYYY. US
Appl. 114,743, 13 Jul 1998. 37.
The main components of a combined integral steam generator coal gasifier
include a vertically elongated, all welded, gas tight enclosure with a burner
zone having a double pitch sloping furnace floor and a slag tap extending
through the floor. Above the burner zone, there are successive zone\
containing appropriate tube materials for conveying synthesis gas produced
by the coal gasification process. A multi-pass convection pass zone having
up-flow and down-flow passes is located at an upper portion of the
enclosure and contains a plurality of superheater (primary and secondary)
as well as economizer heating surfaces which extract heat from the synthesi\
gas to produce steam. On the outlet of the convection pass zone an ash
remover is connected, to remove ash from the synthesis gas exiting from the
convection pass zone. At the bottom of the burner zone a slag tap is located.
it communicates with a slag tank or a submerged drag chain deasher fol
receiving and removing slag from the burner zone.
OOiO2029 Thermal and fuel engineering concept of the steam
boiler for the BOA-unit Niederaussem K, Germany
Heitmuller, R. J. and Kather. A. LGB Kro/nwrk\rc~ It. IYYY. 7Y. (5). 75 x2
(In German)
The deign of a novel brown coal based I000 MW unit with the optimum
BoA technology is presented in this paper. The apparatu\ had an expected
net efficiency of 45%, with the steam generator contrihutlng dccisivcly to
this increase. The process will he operated under high-supercritical lite
steam conditions implementing austenitic heating surfaces and novel piping
material at plant limits. Low-emission levels and ctrmpletc combustion wert:
achieved because of the optimized firing conditions.
09 COMBUSTION
Burners, combustion systems
00/02030 A model of the coal reburning process
Ostberg, M. SJ.,,I/J. /In/.) Conrhr~\-/.. /Frm ./. 199X 27th. 2. 3027 31135
Fuel and Energy Abstracts July 2000 225