Netezza Corporation

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Netezza Performance Server
Getting Started Tips
Document Number: D20293-11 Rev. 1
Software Release: 4.6
Revised: January 19, 2009
The specifications and information regarding the products described in this manual are subject to change without notice. All statements, information, and
recommendations in this manual are believed to be accurate.
Netezza makes no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied, including, without limitation, those of merchantability, fitness for a partic-
ular purpose, and noninfringement, regarding this manual or the products' use or performance. In no event will Netezza be liable for indirect, incidental,
consequential, special, or economic damages (including lost business profits, business interruption, loss or damage of data, and the like) arising out of the
use or inability to use this manual or the products, regardless of the form of action, whether in contract, tort (including negligence), breach of warranty, or
otherwise, even if Netezza has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
Portions of this publication were derived from PostgreSQL documentation. For those portions of the documentation that were derived originally from Postgr-
eSQL documentation, and only for those portions, the following applies:
PostgreSQL is copyright 1996-2001 by the PostgreSQL global development group and is distributed under the terms of the license of the University of
California below.
Postgres95 is copyright 1994-5 by the Regents of the University of California.
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this documentation for any purpose, without fee, and without a written agreement is hereby granted, pro-
vided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph and the following two paragraphs appear in all copies.
In no event shall the University of California be liable to any party for direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages, including lost profits,
arising out of the use of this documentation, even if the University of California has been advised of the possibility of such damage.
The University of California specifically disclaims any warranties, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
particular purpose. The documentation provided hereunder is on an "as-is" basis, and the University of California has no obligations to provide maintenance,
support, updates, enhancements, or modifications.
Netezza, the Netezza logo, NPS, Snippet, Snippet Processing Unit, SPU, Snippet Processing Array, SPA, Performance Server, Netezza Performance Server,
Asymmetric Massively Parallel Processing, AMPP, Intelligent Query Streaming, SQL-Blast and other marks are trademarks or registered trademarks of
Netezza Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All rights reserved.
The Netezza implementation of the ODBC driver is an adaptation of an open source driver, Copyright 2000, 2001, Great Bridge LLC. The source code for
this driver and the object code of any Netezza software that links with it are available upon request to source-request@netezza.com
Red Hat is a trademark or registered trademark of Red Hat, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries.
Linux is a trademark or registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States and/or other countries.
D-CC, D-C++, Diab+, FastJ, pSOS+, SingleStep, Tornado, VxWorks, Wind River, and the Wind River logo are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service
marks of Wind River Systems, Inc. Tornado patent pending.
APC and the APC logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of American Power Conversion Corporation.
All document files and software of the above named third-party suppliers are provided "as is" and may contain deficiencies. Netezza and its suppliers dis-
claim all warranties of any kind, express or implied, including, without limitation, those of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and
noninfringement.
In no event will Netezza or its suppliers be liable for indirect, incidental, consequential, special, or economic damages (including lost business profits, busi-
ness interruption, loss or damage of data, and the like), or the use or inability to use the above-named third-party products, even if Netezza or its suppliers
have been advised of the possibility of such damages.
All other trademarks mentioned in this document are the property of their respective owners.
Document Number: 20293-11
Software Release Number: 4.6 and Later
Netezza Performance Server Getting Started Tips
Copyright 2004-2009 Netezza Corporation.
All rights reserved.
Regulatory Notices
Install the NPS Series in a restricted-access location. Ensure that only those trained to operate or service the equipment have physical access to it.
Install each AC power outlet near the NPS rack that plugs into it, and keep it freely accessible.
You must provide all disconnect devices and over-current protection devices.
Product may be powered by redundant power sources. Disconnect ALL power sources before servicing.
FCC Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are
designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment gen-
erates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case users will be
required to correct the interference at their own expense.
CSA Statement
This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment Regulations (ICES-003).
Cet appareil numrique de la classe A est conforme la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
CE Statement (Europe)
This product complies with the European Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC and EMC Directive 89/336/EEC as amended by European Directive 93/68/EEC/.
Warning: This is a class A product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take
adequate measures.
iii
Contents
1 About the Netezza Performance Server
NPS Hardware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
NPS Host . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Snippet Processing Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Snippet Processing Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Storage Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
NPS Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
NPS Software CDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Installing Administration and Client Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Linux Host Operating System Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Powering Down the NPS System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Powering Down 10000-Series NPS Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Powering Down 5200-Series Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Powering Up the NPS System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
Powering Up a 10000-Series NPS System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
Powering Up 5200-Series Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
Netezza SPU LED Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
Getting Started with Commands and Queries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Default Users and Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Netezza Common Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
Basic Netezza CLI Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
Basic Netezza SQL Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-24
Choosing a Backup and Restore Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27
Getting Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-28
PDF Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-28
Online Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-29
Netezza Support Contact Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-31
iv
v
List of Tables
Table 1-1: NPS Release Software CDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Table 1-2: Rev 7 SPU LED Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Table 1-3: Default Users and Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
Table 1-4: Netezza Common Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
Table 1-5: CLI Command Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
Table 1-6: Commonly Used Command Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22
Table 1-7: Commonly Used nzload Command Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22
Table 1-8: Log files for nzload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-23
Table 1-9: Netezza SQL Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-24
Table 1-10: SQL Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-25
Table 1-11: Commonly Used Internal Slash Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-25
Table 1-12: Commonly Used nzsql Command Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-26
Table 1-13: Choosing a Backup and Restore Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27
Table 1-14: Key User Manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-28
vi
1-1
C H A P T E R 1
About the Netezza Performance Server
Whats in this chapter
NPS Hardware
NPS Software
Linux Host Operating System Requirements
Powering Down the NPS System
Powering Up the NPS System
Getting Started with Commands and Queries
Getting Help
This document provides a brief introduction to some background information and getting
started tips for the Netezza Performance Server (NPS). If you are a new user of the NPS
data warehouse appliance, or you are moving from an older NPS system to the latest
release, review this content to familiarize yourself with the basics.
NPS Hardware
A Netezza system consists of multiple hardware and software components working together
to provide performance and reliability. The NPS models include configurations with one
standalone rack (a standard configuration), or two or more hardware racks clustered in a
high-availability (HA) configuration. Within each rack are numerous components that work
together to provide the asymmetric massively parallel processing of the NPS architecture.
The key hardware components within an NPS include the following:
NPS Host
Snippet Processing Units
Snippet Processing Arrays
Storage Arrays
NPS Host
The NPS host, located within the NPS rack, controls and coordinates the activity of the
NPS. It performs query optimization; controls table and database operations; consolidates
and returns query results; and monitors the NPS system components to detect and report
problems.
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Netezza Performance Server Getting Started Tips
The host is a highly redundant, highly available, server with dual power supplies, error-cor-
recting memory, a disk channel controller, and redundant disks (RAID 5). Each NPS rack
has a keyboard, video, mouse (KVM) unit to give administrators direct access to the host
operating system and commands. In most cases, administrators use remote connect appli-
cations to log in to the host over their secure network and run commands.
Snippet Processing Units
The Snippet Processing Unit (SPU) is the basic unit of processing and storage in the NPS.
Each SPU is essentially a standalone microcomputer, with a CPU, logic processors, mem-
ory, and disk storage. The SPU is an intelligent disk storage device, as it has logic to
quickly search for the correct information and to return only the matching results of the
portions of the data that are saved on its disk.
An NPS system has many SPUs: for example, there are up to 56 in the NPS model 10050
and up to 896 in the NPS model 10800. In optimal configurations, users distribute their
database tables across all of the SPUs to leverage the performance of parallel query
processing.
Each SPU is responsible for managing a portion of your database and tables (called a pri-
mary partition), as well as for maintaining a copy of another SPUs primary partition (called
a mirror partition). If a SPU should fail, the mirror partition is used to create a new primary
partition on a standby SPU within the system, which will then take the place of the failed
SPU.
Snippet Processing Arrays
Snippet Processing Arrays (SPAs) are racks within the NPS system that contain up to
14 SPUs and have the power supplies, fans, and communication fabric that allows the
SPUs to communicate with each other and with the NPS host.
NPS systems contain at least two SPAs. If you add SPAs to the system to increase the num-
ber of SPUs, the SPAs are added in pairs. For each pair of SPAs, one of the 28 SPUs takes
the role of a hot standby, ready to take the place of a failed SPU within the system.
Storage Arrays
The NPS host system may also include optional internal storage arrays, which you can use
for such tasks as backups, load staging, or other user disk space. New 10000-series NPS
HA systems contain the Storage Pad array, which offers 5TB of user disk space for each
system. The Storage Pad XL option provides 10TB per rack (or 5TB for a half-rack configu-
ration such as the 10050). The NPS model 5200 does not have a Storage Pad option.
NPS Software
The NPS appliance leverages a variety of software applications to perform its day-to-day
system tasks as well as to allow users to run administration and data analysis tasks. For
example, the NPS host uses the Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) operating system
(described in more detail in Linux Host Operating System Requirements on page 1-4),
and it also has software to manage the NPS hardware devices and components, such as
firmware, flash, and other applications. These applications are preinstalled when you pur-
chase an NPS system; when the system is installed onsite, Netezza engineers will help you
to finalize the configuration and system settings to connect the system into your data cen-
ter environment.
D20293-11 Rev. 1 1-3
NPS Software
Periodically, Netezza issues patches to correct reported problems as well as to improve sys-
tem performance. Netezza also issues new major and minor software releases to add new
features and capabilities. When software updates and new releases are available, Netezza
Support will work with you to plan upgrade paths as well as to install the patches and
upgrades to your system.
NPS Software CDs
The NPS software release kits include several CD-ROMs of the software and documentation
for your NPS system. Table 1-1 lists the software CDs that are typically shipped with an
NPS software release. These software images are also available as downloadable files from
the Netezza FTP site, ntzftp.netezza.com.
Note: To access the FTP site, you must have a logon account and password. If you do not
have an account or cannot remember the password, contact Netezza Support for assistance
as described in Netezza Support Contact Information on page 1-31.
The NPS software kits also include the Red Hat Enterprise Linux software, which is used on
the NPS host. The kits could include several CDs for RHEL 4.0 or a DVD for RHEL 5.2.
Installing Administration and Client Software
The NzAdmin tool and Web Admin application are administrative tools that you can use to
manage the NPS system from remote workstations. You can install the NzAdmin software
on one or more supported Windows client systems to perform administrative tasks and
Table 1-1: NPS Release Software CDs
Description
The NPS Server Software CD contains the Netezza host software installation files.
The Host Platform Configuration CD (formerly the NPS Software Support CD) contains
various programs, tools, and files for upgrading the Netezza Linux system files.
The NPS Solaris and AIX Clients CD contains the NPS client software such as the CLI
and the ODBC/JDBC drivers for Solaris/AIX clients.
The NPS Linux and HP Clients CD contains the interface software such as the CLI and
the ODBC/JDBC drivers for Linux/HP clients.
The NPS Windows Client CD contains the NPS client software such as the NzAdmin
interface, the NPS CLI, the ODBC/JDBC drivers, and the OLE DB connector. This CD
also includes the Web Admin UI installation program.
The NPS Documentation CD contains the Netezza documentation set.
The NPS Flash Updater for Z Series CD contains tools to update flash on all SPUs.
The NPS DataDirect Driver Manager CD contains the Netezza-licensed version of the
ODBC driver from DataDirect Technologies.
The NPS Host Health Drivers CD contains updated health drivers for HP host servers.
The NPS Host Firmware CD contains updated firmware for the host server.
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Netezza Performance Server Getting Started Tips
obtain status for the system. Netezza also provides a Web Admin application that you can
install on the NPS host. The Web Admin application allows administrators to access the
NPS system using a Web browser to perform various management tasks. To use NzAdmin or
the Web Admin applications, you must install the software located on one of the CDs
labeled NPS Client CD (for either UNIX or Windows clients). Refer to the client installa-
tion instructions in the NPS System Administrators Guide for details.
For business intelligence and data integration applications, the Netezza ODBC and/or JDBC
driver, or OLE-DB provider, must be installed on the client systems to communicate with
the NPS. For a description of the ODBC, JDBC, and OLE DB support and how to install and
configure them, refer to the NPS ODBC, JDBC and OLE DB Installation and Configuration
Guide.
Linux Host Operating System Requirements
The NPS host server runs the Linux operating system. New NPS 10000-series SL/XL and
later systems have the Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) version 5.2 software. In previous
NPS releases, NPS hosts used RHEL version 4.0 or Red Hat Linux Advanced Server (LAS)
2.1 operating systems. The operating system is preinstalled on the NPS host.
Never patch or otherwise alter the Linux kernel or other Linux binaries on your system
unless Netezza directs you to do so. Netezza does not support custom modifications of the
kernel.
Netezza provides kernel updates when security updates, patches, or other service packs
become available for the operating system. Upgrade kits are also available to upgrade the
Linux operating systems. Netezza Support will work with you to upgrade and maintain your
NPS host operating systems.
Netezza supports client connections from a variety of operating systems such as: HP-UX
(11i); Red Hat Linux 7.3, RHEL version 2.1, 3.0, and 4.0; Windows 2000, 2003, XP, and
Vista; AIX 5.1, 5.2, 5.3; and Solaris versions 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, or 2.10.
Powering Down the NPS System
This section describes the steps to completely power down an NPS system. Typically, you
only power down an NPS system to perform tasks such as moving the system, or if the data
center or office location is undergoing maintenance that requires systems to be powered
off.
When you perform host firmware updates, you may need to power-cycle the hosts and stor-
age arrays, but you do not need to completely power-cycle the racks. For a complete
description of how to perform host firmware updates, refer to the NPS Software Upgrade
Guide.
Note: To completely power down an NPS system, you must have physical access to the NPS
to press power switches.
D20293-11 Rev. 1 1-5
Powering Down the NPS System
Powering Down 10000-Series NPS Systems
The procedures for powering down a 10000-series system vary depending upon the type of
NPS model that you have. These procedures and models include the following:
Standard NPS systems
Standard NPS systems with the optional Storage Pad array
HA NPS systems that use the Red Hat Cluster Manager solution
HA NPS systems that use the Linux-HA and DRBD solution and have one or more Stor-
age Pad arrays
The following sections describe the power-down procedures for each of these NPS types.
You must have the root password (or superuser or sudo privileges) to power down the NPS
system.
Powering Down a Standard NPS System
To power down a standard NPS system:
1. Shut down the NPS system:
a. Log on as nz to the NPS system.
b. Enter the following command:
nzstate
c. If the system state is St opped, continue with step 2.
d. If the system state is Onl i ne, enter the following command:
nzstop
2. Log out of nz and log on as root using the following command:
su -
3. Shut down the Linux operating system using the following command:
shutdown -h now
The system displays a series of messages as it stops processes and other system activ-
ity. When it finishes, it displays the message power down which indicates that it is
now safe to turn off the power to the system.
4. Press the power button on the NPS host (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to
power down the host system.
5. Switch off the power to the two PDU units (located in the rear of the NPS cabinet at
the bottom) to completely power down the NPS rack. Make sure that you switch off
power to both power switches.
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Netezza Performance Server Getting Started Tips
Powering Down a Standard NPS System with a Storage Pad Array
To power down a standard NPS system that also has the optional Storage Pad array, such as
a 10050XL or a 10100XL system:
1. Shut down the NPS system:
a. Log on as nz to the NPS system.
b. Enter the following command:
nzstate
c. If the system state is St opped, continue with step 2.
d. If the system state is Onl i ne, enter the following command:
nzstop
2. Log out of nz and log on as root using the following command:
su -
3. Shut down the Linux operating system using the following command:
shutdown -h now
The system displays a series of messages as it stops processes and other system activ-
ity. When it finishes, it displays the message power down which indicates that it is
now safe to turn off the power to the system.
4. Press the power button on the NPS host (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to
power down the host system.
5. In the back of the NPS rack, locate the Storage Pad array component and do the
following:
a. Press and hold the power button for storage processor A (SP A) for a few seconds
until the power shuts off. (See Figure 1-1 for the location of the SP A and B power
switches.)
b. Press and hold the power button for storage processor B(SP B) for a few seconds
until the power shuts off.
Figure 1-1: Storage Pad SP Power Switches
c. Press the standby power supply (SPS) toggle switch on its left side (the O side) to
turn the SPS off (see Figure 1-2).
SP A Power Switch SP B Power Switch
D20293-11 Rev. 1 1-7
Powering Down the NPS System
Figure 1-2: Storage Pad Standby Power Supply (SPS) Switch
6. Switch off the power to the two PDU units (located in the rear of the NPS cabinet at
the bottom) to completely power down the NPS rack. Make sure that you switch off
power to both power switches.
Powering Down an HA NPS System (Red Hat Cluster Manager)
To power down a high-availability (HA) NPS system that uses the Red Hat Cluster Manager
cluster solution:
1. Log on as root to host 1 using the following command:
su -
2. Enter the following three commands to stop the NPS services:
/sbin/cluadmin -- service disable NPS
service cluster stop
ssh ha2 'service cluster stop'
3. Log in to host 2 as root, then shut down the Linux operating system using the following
command:
shutdown -h now
The system displays a series of messages as it stops processes and other system activ-
ity. When it finishes, it displays the message power down which indicates that it is
now safe to turn off the power to the system.
4. Press the power button on host 2 (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to power
down that host.
5. Log in to host 1 as root, then shut down the Linux operating system using the following
command:
shutdown -h now
The system displays a series of messages as it stops processes and other system activ-
ity. When it finishes, it displays the message power down which indicates that it is
now safe to turn off the power to the system.
6. Press the power button on host 1 (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to power
down the host.
7. Press the power button on the MSA500G2 (located on the bottom right corner of
MSA500G2) to power down the device.
8. Switch off the power to the two PDU units (located in the rear of the NPS cabinet at
the bottom) to completely power down the NPS rack. Make sure that you switch off
power to both power switches, and repeat this step on each rack of your HA system.
SPS Switch
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Netezza Performance Server Getting Started Tips
Powering Down an HA NPS System with One or More Storage Pad Arrays
To power down a high-availability (HA) NPS system which has one or more Storage Pad
arrays:
1. Log on as root to host 1 using the following command:
su -
2. Enter the following commands to stop the clustering processes:
/usr/sbin/crm_resource -r nps -p target_role -v stopped
service heartbeat stop
ssh ha2 'service heartbeat stop'
3. Log in to host 2 as root, then shut down the Linux operating system using the following
command:
shutdown -h now
The system displays a series of messages as it stops processes and other system activ-
ity. When it finishes, it displays the message power down which indicates that it is
now safe to turn off the power to the system.
4. Press the power button on host 2 (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to power
down that NPS host.
5. Log in to host 1 as root, then shut down the Linux operating system using the following
command:
shutdown -h now
The system displays a series of messages as it stops processes and other system activ-
ity. When it finishes, it displays the message power down which indicates that it is
now safe to turn off the power to the system.
6. Press the power button on host 1 (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to power
down the NPS host.
7. In the back of each NPS rack that has a Storage Pad array (usually host 1 for an
SL-series system or in each rack for an XL-series system), locate the Storage Pad array
component and do the following steps:
a. Press and hold the power button for storage processor A (SP A) for a few seconds
until the power shuts off. (See Figure 1-1 on page 1-6 for the location of the SP A
and B power switches.)
b. Press and hold the power button for storage processor B (SP B) for a few seconds
until the power shuts off.
c. Press the standby power supply (SPS) toggle switch on its left side (the O side) to
turn the SPS off. (See Figure 1-2 on page 1-7 for a description of the location of the
switch.)
d. If you have a 10000XL-series system, repeat these steps to power down each Stor-
age Pad array; there is one in each rack of the NPS system.
8. Switch off the power to the two PDU units (located in the rear of the NPS cabinet at
the bottom) to completely power down the NPS rack. Make sure that you switch off
power to both power switches, and repeat this step on each rack of your HA system.
D20293-11 Rev. 1 1-9
Powering Down the NPS System
Powering Down 5200-Series Systems
The procedures to power down a 5200 system vary for each type of 5200 system. There are
three types of 5200 systems:
5200-BSA (Business Solutions Appliance)
5200-OA (Office Area)
5200-DC (Data Center)
To power down a 5200-BSA system:
1. Shut down any applications that are currently running on the second, separate host for
your business applications. (This is the DL145G3 host for HP-based systems, or the
x3550 server for IBM-based systems.) Stop the applications using their standard shut-
down procedures, then shut down the host operating system using the instructions for
that operating system.
2. Press the power button on the front of the second host (DL145G3 or x3550) to power
down that server.
3. Shut down the NPS system:
a. Log on as nz to the NPS system.
b. Enter the following command:
nzstate
c. If the system state is St opped, continue with step 4.
d. If the system state is Onl i ne, enter the following command:
nzstop
4. Log out of nz, then log on as root using the following command:
su -
5. Shut down the Linux operating system using the following command:
shutdown -h now
The system displays a series of messages as it stops processes and other system activ-
ity. When it finishes, it displays the message power down which indicates that it is
now safe to turn off the power to the system.
6. Press the power button on the NPS host (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to
power down the host system.
7. Disconnect the two power cables that lead from the auto-transfer switch to the main
power to completely power down the system.
To power down a 5200-OA system:
1. Shut down the NPS system:
a. Log on as nz to the NPS system.
b. Enter the following command:
nzstate
c. If the system state is St opped, continue with step 2.
1-10 D20293-11 Rev. 1
Netezza Performance Server Getting Started Tips
d. If the system state is Onl i ne, enter the following command:
nzstop
2. Log out of nz, then log on as root using the following command:
su -
3. Shut down the Linux operating system using the following command:
shutdown -h now
The system displays a series of messages as it stops processes and other system activ-
ity. When it finishes, it displays the message power down which indicates that it is
now safe to turn off the power to the system.
4. Press the power button on the NPS host (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to
power down the host system.
5. Switch off the power to the UPS located in the bottom of the rack to power down the
UPS.
6. Disconnect the power cable that leads from the isolation transformer to the main power
to completely power down the system.
To power down a 5200-DC system:
1. Shut down the NPS system:
a. Log on as nz to the NPS system.
b. Enter the following command:
nzstate
c. If the system state is St opped, continue with step 2.
d. If the system state is Onl i ne, enter the following command:
nzstop
2. Log out of nz and log on as root.
3. Shut down the Linux operating system using the following command:
shutdown -h now
The system displays a series of messages as it stops processes and other system activ-
ity. When it finishes, it displays the message power down which indicates that it is
now safe to turn off the power to the system.
4. Press the power button on the NPS host (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to
power down the host system.
5. Disconnect the two power cables that lead from the auto-transfer switch to the main
power to completely power down the system.
Powering Up the NPS System
This section describes the steps to power up an NPS system. Typically, you power up an
NPS to return it to service after it was powered off for routine maintenance or if it was
relocated.
D20293-11 Rev. 1 1-11
Powering Up the NPS System
Powering Up a 10000-Series NPS System
The procedures for powering up a 10000-series system vary depending upon the type of
NPS model that you have. These procedures and models include the following:
Standard NPS systems
Standard NPS systems with the optional Storage Pad array
HA NPS systems that use the Red Hat Cluster Manager solution
HA NPS systems with one or more Storage Pad arrays
The following sections describe the power-on procedures for each of these NPS models.
Powering Up a Standard NPS System
To power up a standard NPS system:
1. Switch on the power to the two PDU units (located in the rear of the NPS cabinet at the
bottom) to power up the NPS system rack. Make sure that you switch on both power
controls, one for each unit.
2. Press the power button on the NPS host (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to
power up the host system.
A series of messages appears as the NPS host system boots.
3. After the host has started, log in as nz to the NPS system.
4. Confirm that the NPS system is online using the following command:
nzstate
Powering Up a Standard NPS System with a Storage Pad Array
To power up a standard NPS system that also has the optional Storage Pad array, such as a
10050XL or a 10100XL system:
1. Switch on the power to the two PDU units (located in the rear of the NPS cabinet at the
bottom) to power up the NPS system rack. Make sure that you switch on both power
controls, one for each unit.
2. In the back of the NPS rack, locate the Storage Pad array component and do the
following:
a. Toggle the standby power supply (SPS) switch to the right side (the side) to turn
the SPS on (see Figure 1-3).
Figure 1-3: Storage Pad Standby Power Supply (SPS) Switch
SPS Switch
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Netezza Performance Server Getting Started Tips
b. Press the power button for storage processor A (SP A) to power the device (see
Figure 1-4). Note that SP B automatically powers up after you power up SP A.
Note that SP A may not power up right away if the SPS battery is not charged. Wait
a few minutes to allow the battery to charge and then power up SP A again.
Figure 1-4: Storage Pad SP Power Switches
Note: Wait five minutes for the Storage Pad array to initialize before proceeding to
step 3 to power the host.
3. Press the power button on the NPS host (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to
power up the host system.
A series of messages appears as the NPS host system boots.
4. After the host has started, log in as nz to the NPS system.
5. Confirm that the NPS system is online using the following command:
nzstate
Powering Up an HA HPS System (Red Hat Cluster Manager)
To power up a high availability (HA) NPS system that uses the Red Hat Cluster Manager
solution:
1. Switch on the power to the two PDU units (located in the rear of each NPS cabinet at
the bottom) to power up the NPS rack. Make sure that you switch on both power con-
trols for each PDU in each rack of the HA system.
2. Press the power button on the MSA500G2 (located on the bottom right corner of
MSA500G2) in host 1.
A series of messages appears as the MSA500G2 performs a self-test. Wait until the
self-test completes and both LCDs on the storage array display the message that start-
up has completed. This process usually takes about two minutes to complete.
3. Press the power button on host 1 (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to power up
the host system.
A series of messages appears as the NPS host system boots.
SP A Power Switch SP B Power Switch
D20293-11 Rev. 1 1-13
Powering Up the NPS System
4. Wait at least 30 seconds after powering up host 1, then press the power button on host
2 (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to power up that host. The delay ensures
that host 1 completes its start-up operations first, and thus is the primary host for the
HA system.
5. After both hosts have completed the power-up sequence, log in to host 1 as root and
run the following command to verify that the cluster services have started:
clustat -i 3
Note: When the cluster manager starts and is ready, status appears as follows. (This
could take about one minute.)
Member St at us Node I D Power Swi t ch
ha1 up 0 good
ha2 up 0 good
6. Log on to host 1 as the nz account using the following command:
su - nz
7. Verify that the NPS system is online using the following command:
nzstate
Powering Up an HA NPS System with One or More Storage Pad Arrays
To power up a high-availability (HA) NPS system which uses the Linux-HA and DRBD solu-
tion and has one or more Storage Pad arrays:
1. Switch on the power to the two PDU units (located in the rear of each NPS cabinet at
the bottom) to power up the NPS rack. Make sure that you switch on both power con-
trols for each PDU in each rack of the HA system.
2. In the back of the NPS rack, locate the Storage Pad array component and do the
following:
a. Toggle the standby power supply (SPS) switch to the right side (the side) to turn
the SPS on. See Figure 1-3 on page 1-11 for the location of the switch.
b. Press the power button for storage processor A (SP A) to power the device. See
Figure 1-4 on page 1-12 for the location of the switch. Note that SP B automati-
cally powers up after you power up SP A.
Note that SP A may not power up right away if the SPS battery is not charged. Wait
a few minutes to allow the battery to charge and then power up SP A again.
c. If you have a 10000XL-series system, repeat these steps to power up each Storage
Pad array; there is one in each rack of the NPS system.
Note: Wait five minutes after powering up the last Storage Pad array before proceeding
to step 3 to power the host.
3. Press the power button on host 1 (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to power up
the host system.
A series of messages appears as the NPS host system boots.
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Netezza Performance Server Getting Started Tips
4. Wait at least 30 seconds after powering up host 1, then press the power button on host
2 (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to power up that host. The delay ensures
that host 1 completes its start-up operations first, and thus is the primary host for the
HA system.
5. After both hosts have completed the power-up sequence, log in to host 1 as root and
run the following command to verify that the cluster services have started:
/usr/sbin/crm_mon -i3
The output of the command refreshes at the specified interval rate of 3 seconds (-i3).
Review the output and watch for the resource groups to all have a Started status. This
usually takes about 2 to 3 minutes, then proceed to step 6. Sample output follows:
============
Last updat ed: Mon Oct 6 12: 48: 09 2008
Cur r ent DC: nps50230 ( 6ea6cf f e- 3b61- 4d29- ac92- 5f 36ea5f 4033)
2 Nodes conf i gur ed.
3 Resour ces conf i gur ed.
============
Node: nps50224 ( e00c23e5- 1b17- 4281- 8a2d- 403f 27129e10) : onl i ne
Node: nps50230 ( 6ea6cf f e- 3b61- 4d29- ac92- 5f 36ea5f 4033) : onl i ne
Resour ce Gr oup: nps
dr bd_exphome_devi ce ( hear t beat : dr bddi sk) : St ar t ed nps50230
dr bd_nz_devi ce ( hear t beat : dr bddi sk) : St ar t ed nps50230
exphome_f i l esyst em ( hear t beat : : ocf : Fi l esyst em) : St ar t ed nps50230
nz_f i l esyst em ( hear t beat : : ocf : Fi l esyst em) : St ar t ed nps50230
f abr i c_i p ( hear t beat : : ocf : I Paddr ) : St ar t ed nps50230
wal l _i p ( hear t beat : : ocf : I Paddr ) : St ar t ed nps50230
nzboot pd ( l sb: nzboot pd) : St ar t ed nps50230
snmpt r apd ( l sb: snmpt r apd) : St ar t ed nps50230
st or agepadi ni t ( l sb: st or agepadi ni t ) : St ar t ed nps50230
nzi ni t ( l sb: nzi ni t ) : St ar t ed nps50230
f enci ng_r out e_t o_ha1 ( st oni t h: apcmast er ) : St ar t ed nps50230
f enci ng_r out e_t o_ha2 ( st oni t h: apcmast er ) : St ar t ed nps50224
Press Control-C to exit the crm_mon command and return to the command prompt.
6. Log on to host 1 as the nz account using the following command:
su - nz
7. Verify that the NPS system is online using the following command:
nzstate
Powering Up 5200-Series Systems
The procedures to power up a 5200 system vary for each type of 5200 system. There are
three types of 5200 systems:
5200-BSA (Business Solutions Appliance)
5200-OA (Office Area)
5200-DC (Data Center)
D20293-11 Rev. 1 1-15
Netezza SPU LED Descriptions
To power up a 5200-BSA system:
1. Confirm that the two power cables that lead from the main power are connected to the
auto-transfer switch.
2. Press the power button on the NPS host (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to
power up the host system.
A series of messages appears as the NPS host system boots.
3. After the host has started, log in as nz to the NPS system.
4. Start the NPS system using the following command:
nzstart
5. Press the power button on the front of the second host (the DL145G3 or the x3550
host) to power up the application server.
6. After the host starts, log in to the second host and follow the procedures to start your
business intelligence applications using their standard start-up procedures.
To power up a 5200-OA system:
1. Confirm that the power cable that leads from the main power is connected to the isola-
tion transformer.
2. Switch on the power to the UPS located in either the front or the back of the rack at
the bottom to power up the UPS.
3. Press the power button on the NPS host (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to
power up the host system.
A series of messages appears as the NPS host system boots.
4. After the host has started, log in as nz to the NPS system.
5. Start the NPS system using the following command:
nzstart
To power up a 5200-DC system:
1. Confirm that the two power cables that lead from the main power are connected to the
auto-transfer switch.
2. Press the power button on the NPS host (located in the front of the NPS cabinet) to
power up the host system.
A series of messages appears as the NPS host system boots.
3. After the host has started, log in as nz to the NPS system.
4. Start the NPS system using the following command:
nzstart
Netezza SPU LED Descriptions
The Rev 7 SPUs which are part of the 10000-series, 5200, and z-series NPS systems have
three front-facing LEDs that provide administrators with a high-level status of each SPU.
When lit, the LEDs can be green or amber in color. The three LEDs are stacked in a row
from top to bottom on each SPU.
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Netezza Performance Server Getting Started Tips
The LEDs indicate activity such as hard disk, LAN, or database activity; when the top or
bottom LEDs are amber, they indicate a potential problem situation on the SPU such as a
hardware fault or SPU firmware issue. Table 1-2 describes the LEDs. To manage SPUs
using the nzspu command or the NzAdmin interface, see the NPS System Administrators
Guide.
Getting Started with Commands and Queries
This section provides an overview of the Netezza system, and includes information on how
to start using an NPS.
Default Users and Passwords
Table 1-3 lists default users and passwords for the host computer. Be sure to change these
passwords immediately upon initializing your system.
Note: Users who have permission to write or modify information in the directory /nz/data/
also have access to modify database configuration data, including database administrator
passwords.
As the admin database user, you can create other database users and groups to grant and
manage access to the objects (such as databases, tables, views, and so on) and administra-
tion tasks (such as creating or dropping tables, deleting rows, and creating users). Groups
allow you to organize users that have related roles or functions. Groups make it easier to
assign the same permissions to all the users by changing the permissions on the group,
Table 1-2: Rev 7 SPU LED Description
LED Color Indication
Top Green Database activity (such as a query in progress)
Amber Auxiliary 1 (indicates a hardware fault or SPU firmware issue)
Middle Green Not used (physical LAN0 activity)
Amber Physical LAN 1 link activity
Bottom Green Hard disk activity (such as reads or writes, loads, and so on)
Amber Auxiliary 0 (indicates a hardware fault or SPU firmware issue)
Table 1-3: Default Users and Passwords
User Password Description
nz nz Linux user, not exposed to NPS client users
admin password NPS database super-user for the NPS host software,
with full access to all system functions and objects
at all times
root netezza Linux super-user which provides system root login
D20293-11 Rev. 1 1-17
Getting Started with Commands and Queries
rather than changing each user account. When you assign or revoke permissions to the
group, all the users in the group have that change in permission. For details about user and
group management, refer to the NPS System Administrators Guide.
Note: There is also a default database group called public. All users are automatically
assigned as members of the public group. You cannot delete the public group, or remove
users from it. This group allows you to grant all users the same privilege in one step.
Netezza Common Tasks
Table 1-4 lists some of the common tasks that users perform on the NPS and the com-
mands or interfaces that you can use to perform those tasks. Note that commands in bold
are command line input. SMALL CAPS signify SQL commands.
Note: In Table 1-4, the references in the Where to Find More Information column are to
the NPS System Administrators Guide, unless otherwise noted.
Table 1-4: Netezza Common Tasks
Category Description Command/Tool
Where to Find More
Information
Loading data Load data nzload Refer to Chapter 9,
Loading Database
Data.
CREATE EXTERNAL
TABLE
Update data nzload
Unloading data Unload data CREATE EXTERNAL
TABLE
nzbackup
Refer to Chapter 12,
Backing Up and
Restoring
Databases.
Sessions Manage or view
session
nzsession Refer to Chapter 10,
Creating and Main-
taining Databases
with the CLI.
View session NzAdmin or Web
Admin tool
Refer to Chapter 11,
Creating and
Maintaining
Databases with the
NzAdmin tool.
Terminate jobs nzsession abort Refer to Chapter 10,
Creating and Main-
taining Databases
with the CLI.
Change priorities nzsession priority
Display session
usage
nzsession show
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Netezza Performance Server Getting Started Tips
Queries Display query table nzstats Refer to Chapter 14,
Displaying NPS
Statistics.
NzAdmin or Web
Admin tool
Refer to Chapter 6,
Managing the NPS
with the NzAdmin
Tool.
_v_qrystat view Refer to Chapter 10,
Creating and Main-
taining Databases
with the CLI.
Query history table nzstats Refer to Chapter 14,
Displaying NPS
Statistics.
NzAdmin or Web
Admin tool
Refer to Chapter 6,
Managing the NPS
with the NzAdmin
Tool.
_v_qryhist view Refer to Chapter 10,
Creating and Main-
taining Databases
with the CLI.
Data Distribution View Data
Distribution
NzAdmin or Web
Admin tool
Refer to Chapter 11,
Creating and
Maintaining
Databases with the
NzAdmin tool.
Privileges Create user NzAdmin or Web
Admin tool
Refer to Chapter 11,
Creating and
Maintaining
Databases with the
NzAdmin tool.
CREATE USER Refer to the NPS
Database Users
Guide, Appendix B.
[Create] User Refer to Chapter 8,
Establishing Secu-
rity and Access
Control.
Table 1-4: Netezza Common Tasks (continued)
Category Description Command/Tool
Where to Find More
Information
D20293-11 Rev. 1 1-19
Getting Started with Commands and Queries
Privileges
(continued)
Create group NzAdmin or Web
Admin tool
Refer to Chapter 11,
Creating and
Maintaining
Databases with the
NzAdmin tool.
CREATE GROUP Refer to the NPS
Database Users
Guide, Appendix B.
[Create] Group Refer to Chapter 8,
Establishing Secu-
rity and Access
Control.
Grant rights NzAdmin or Web
Admin tool
Refer to Chapter 11,
Creating and
Maintaining
Databases with the
NzAdmin tool.
GRANT Refer to the NPS
Database Users
Guide, Appendix B.
Revoke access NzAdmin or Web
Admin tool
Refer to Chapter 11,
Creating and
Maintaining
Databases with the
NzAdmin tool.
REVOKE Refer to the NPS
Database Users
Guide, Appendix B.
Alter access NzAdmin or Web
Admin tool
Refer to Chapter 11,
Creating and
Maintaining
Databases with the
NzAdmin tool.
ALTER USER
ALTER GROUP
Refer to the NPS
Database Users
Guide, Appendix B.
Table 1-4: Netezza Common Tasks (continued)
Category Description Command/Tool
Where to Find More
Information
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Netezza Performance Server Getting Started Tips
Monitoring Show system state nzstate show Refer to Chapter 4,
Managing the NPS
with the CLI.
Review system
messages
Browse to the nz log
directory.
Refer to Chapter 4,
Managing the NPS
with the CLI.
View statistics nzstats show -type
<table_name>
Refer to Chapter 14,
Displaying NPS
Statistics.
View mirroring
information
nzinventory show
-type dataSlices
Refer to Chapter 4,
Managing the NPS
with the CLI.
Notification when
the system changes
states, a hardware
component failed, or
when the disk is
more than 80 per-
cent full
nzevent Refer to Chapter 4,
Managing the NPS
with the CLI.
NzAdmin tool or
Web Admin tool
Refer to Chapter 6
or Chapter 7.
Tables Create a table NzAdmin tool Refer to Chapter 10,
Creating and Main-
taining Databases
with the NzAdmin
Tool.
CREATE TABLE Refer to the NPS
Database Users
Guide, Appendix B.
View table specifics NzAdmin tool or
Web Admin
Refer to Chapter 11,
Creating and Main-
taining Databases
with the NzAdmin
Tool.
CREATE VIEW
DROP VIEW
Refer to the NPS
Database Users
Guide, Appendix B.
Table 1-4: Netezza Common Tasks (continued)
Category Description Command/Tool
Where to Find More
Information
D20293-11 Rev. 1 1-21
Getting Started with Commands and Queries
Basic Netezza CLI Information
This section includes basic information to get you started with the CLI commands.
Running the CLI Commands from a Host, Linux Client, and Windows Client
Table 1-5 lists the NPS commands and the locations where they can be found on the NPS
host and on client systems. You can run all of the nz* commands from the NPS host, but
certain commands are not available on clients. In the table, a checkmark indicates that the
command can be run from that location, while a dash indicates that the command is not
available from that location
Table 1-5: CLI Command Locations
Default Location /nz/kit/bin /usr/local/nz/bin
C:\Program
Files\Netezza\Bin
Platform
NPS Server
Host
Linux
Client
Solaris
Client
HPUX
Client
AIX
Client
Windows
Client
nzbackup
nzhostbackup
nzhostrestore
nzrestore
nzstart
nzstop
nzcontents
nzconvert
nzevent
nzinventory
nzload
nzpassword
nzreclaim
nzrev
nzsession
nzsfi
nzspu
nzsql
nzstate
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Netezza Performance Server Getting Started Tips
Common CLI Command Options
Table 1-6 lists some common nz* command options and their default values.
Commonly Used nzload Command Options
Table 1-7 lists commonly used nzload command options. For more information on nzload
command options, refer to the NPS System Administrators Guide.
nzstats
nzsystem
Table 1-6: Commonly Used Command Options
Option Description Default value
-u <user> Database username [NZ_USER]
-pw <password> Database password [NZ_PASSWORD]
-db <database> Database name [NZ_DATABASE]
-host <name/ip> Netezza hostname or IP address [NZ_HOST]
Table 1-7: Commonly Used nzload Command Options
Options Description
-t <name> Specifies the target table into which to load the
data.
-df <data file path> Specifies the dataobject filepath. If you do not
specify a path the system uses the special token
<stdin> to store the filepath string.
-maxErrors <n> Specifies to abort the load after encountering n
bad input rows. Do not set this to 0 (unlimited) or
greater than 100,000. The default is 1.
Note: Internally, the NPS system uses external
tables when working with the -maxErrors option. It
is normal to see a reference to external tables in a
related error message.
-delim <char> Specifies the separator between successive input
fields. (The default is \t.)
Table 1-5: CLI Command Locations (continued)
Default Location /nz/kit/bin /usr/local/nz/bin
C:\Program
Files\Netezza\Bin
Platform
NPS Server
Host
Linux
Client
Solaris
Client
HPUX
Client
AIX
Client
Windows
Client
D20293-11 Rev. 1 1-23
Getting Started with Commands and Queries
Table 1-8 lists nzload log files. For more information about the log files and how to use
them, refer to the NPS System Administrators Guide.
-escapeChar <char> Specifies an escape character in char or varchar
fields. You can specify the escapeChar option to
permit any character preceded with a backslash
(\) to be interpreted as an escape character. In
this way, you could use the zero (byte 0), line feed
(byte 10), carriage return (byte 13), or the closing
delimiter.
-ctrlChars Allows an ASCII value 1-31 in char() and var-
char() fields. (You must escape NUL, CR, and LF.)
-crlnString Allows unescaped carriage returns (CR) in char
and varchar fields. (LF becomes only end of row.)
-dateStyle <style> Specifies how to interpret the date format. Styles
include Y[2]MD, DMY[2], MDY[2], and
MONDY[2]. The default is YMD.
-dateDelim <char> Specifies the delimiter (date component separa-
tor) to use with the dateStyle option. The default -
dateDelim option is a dash (-). The -dateDelim
value cannot be the same as the -timeDelim
value.
timeStyle <style> Specifies the 24 hour or 12 hour time format,
such as 24HOUR or 12HOUR. The default is
24HOUR.
-timeDelim <char> Specifies the delimiter to use for time formats.
The default is a colon (:).
Table 1-8: Log files for nzload
File format Description
<table>.<database>.nzlog Includes summary report and information
about any bad records encountered. (The sys-
tem appends to the nzlog file each time you
load the same table into the same database.)
<table>.<database>.nzbad Includes the bad records in their original state.
(The system overwrites the nzbad file each
time you load the same table into the same
database.)
Table 1-7: Commonly Used nzload Command Options (continued)
Options Description
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Netezza Performance Server Getting Started Tips
Basic Netezza SQL Information
This section includes basic information to get you started with the Netezza SQL
commands.
SQL Commands
Table 1-9 lists some of the Netezza SQL commands. For more information on particular
commands, refer to the NPS Database Users Guide.
Table 1-9: Netezza SQL Commands
List of SQL Commands
ALTER AGGREGATE
ALTER DATABASE
ALTER FUNCTION
ALTER GROUP
ALTER SEQUENCE
ALTER SESSION
ALTER SYNONYM
ALTER TABLE
ALTER USER
ALTER VIEW
BEGIN
COMMENT
COMMIT
COPY
CREATE AGGREGATE
CREATE DATABASE
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
CREATE FUNCTION
CREATE GROUP
CREATE MATERIALIZED
VIEW
CREATE OR REPLACE
VIEW
CREATE SEQUENCE
CREATE SYNONYM
CREATE TABLE
CREATE TABLE AS
CREATE USER
CREATE VIEW
DELETE
DROP AGGREGATE
DROP DATABASE
DROP FUNCTION
DROP GROUP
DROP SEQUENCE
DROP SYNONYM
DROP TABLE
DROP USER
DROP VIEW
EXPLAIN
EXTRACT
GENERATE EXPRESS
STATISTICS
GENERATE STATISTICS
GRANT
INSERT
RESET
REVOKE
ROLLBACK
SELECT
SET
SET SESSION
SET SYSTEM DEFAULT
SET TRANSACTION
SHOW
SHOW SYSTEM DEFAULT
TRUNCATE
UPDATE
D20293-11 Rev. 1 1-25
Getting Started with Commands and Queries
SQL Quick Tips
Table 1-10 lists SQL tips for getting started.
Commonly Used nzsql Internal Slash Commands
Table 1-11 lists commonly used internal slash commands that you can use when you are in
an nzsql session. For more information on the slash options, refer to the NPS Database
Users Guide.
Table 1-10: SQL Tips
Tip Sample
Use single quotes around string literals. 'The quick brown fox'
Use double quotes around labels. SELECT Iname AS Last Name
Identifiers are case sensitive, but
they are treated as uppercase (sys-
tem default) unless you enclose
them in double quotes.
Rather than returning an unknown quantity of
records, first get a sense as to the size of your
result set.
SELECT COUNT (*) FROM (your_query)
AS Wrapper;
Limit the number of records that your application
returns.
...LIMIT <nnn>;
Parse the query, but do not actually run it. ...LIMIT 0;
Table 1-11: Commonly Used Internal Slash Options
Command Description
\? Lists the available internal slash commands.
\h Lists the available NZSQL commands.
\h cmd Displays help for a specific NZSQL command. For example:
\h create table.
\q Quits nzsql.
\l Lists all databases.
\dt Lists all tables.
\dSt Lists all system tables.
\d table Describes a table.
\dv Lists all views.
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Commonly Used nzsql Command Line Options
Table 1-12 lists commonly used nzsql command line options. For more information about
the nzsql command options, refer to the NPS Database Users Guide.
A sample SQL statement follows.
\dSv Lists all system views.
\d view Describes a view.
\echo text Writes <text> to stdout.
\! cmd Shell escape or command. (Runs a shell command without leaving
the nzsql session.)
Table 1-12: Commonly Used nzsql Command Options
Option Description
-A Use unaligned table output mode.
Note: You can combine this option with the next option to dump
a table. For high volume output, use an external table.
-t Print rows only.
-f filename Execute queries from a file, then exit.
-o filename Send query output to filename.
-c query Run only single query or slash command, then exit.
-E Display queries that internal commands generate.
-F string Set the field separator. The default is a vertical bar '|'.
-x Enable expanded table output.
-h Display help.
Table 1-11: Commonly Used Internal Slash Options (continued)
Command Description
USERDB(MARK)=> insert into state_table values ('VA', 'Virginia');
INSERT 0 1
Database
Username
Prompt
Query Response
Query
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Getting Started with Commands and Queries
Choosing a Backup and Restore Method
Netezza provides three backup and restore methods. The one you choose depends on your
needs and particular situation. The three methods are:
Create full and incremental backups and restore any increment by using the nzbackup
and nzrestore commands.
Manually unload and reload individual table data by using the nzsql CREATE EXTER-
NAL TABLE command and specifying compressed internal format external tables.
For information about using the nzsql CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE command, see the
Netezza Performance Server Database Users Guide.
Manually unload and reload individual table data by using the nzsql CREATE EXTER-
NAL TABLE command and specifying text format external tables.
Table 1-13 lists the differences among the backup and restore methods.
Table 1-13: Choosing a Backup and Restore Method
Feature
nzbackup and
nzrestore
Compressed
External Tables
Text Format
External Tables
Schema backup
Full automatic database backup
Manual per-table backup
Manual per-table restore
Veritas NetBackup
Tivoli Storage Manager
Automatic incremental
Compressed format
Non-proprietary format
Machine-size independent
a
a. This option often requires more time.

Rowid preserved
Transaction ID preserved
Upgrade safe
Downgrade safe
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Getting Help
This section describes how to find the Netezza customer user guides and documentation,
how to use online help, and how to contact Netezza Support when you have questions or a
possible problem.
PDF Documentation
Netezza includes user guides in Adobe PDF format on the NPS Documentation CD.
Updated guides are also available on the Netezza FTP site (ntzftp.netezza.com) in the Doc-
umentation area. Table 1-14 lists several of the commonly used manuals.
Note: As of NPS Release 3.0, the user guides are not installed by default to the /nz/kit/doc
directory on the NPS host; however, the NPS Software Upgrade Guide describes how to
manually copy the PDF files to that location or to any network location if you want to make
the guides available across your network to your users.
Table 1-14: Key User Manuals
File Description
Netezza_database_users_guide.pdf NPS Database Users Guide describes the
Netezza SQL language used for queries to
databases on the NPS systems.
Netezza_system_admin_guide.pdf NPS System Administrators Guide is written
for system and database administrators. It
describes how to manage the NPS systems and
database.
Netezza_release_notes.pdf Netezza Performance Server Release Notes
includes a list of new features and enhance-
ments, known issues, and customer-reported
issues that have been fixed in the release.
Netezza_getting_started_tips.pdf Netezza Performance Server Getting Started
Tips (this guide) describes background infor-
mation and tips for using the NPS system.
Netezza_odbc_jdbc_guide.pdf NPS ODBC, JDBC and OLE DB Installation
and Configuration Guide provides information
for those who want to install and configure
ODBC clients, JDBC clients, or the OLE DB
connector to communicate with the NPS.
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Getting Help
Online Help
Netezza documentation includes online help for the administration UIs and commands.
NPS Web Admin Help
You can view the entire system administration help or specific context-sensitive help for the
NPS Web Admin interface. The help is best viewed using an Internet Explorer Web browser;
other browsers may not support the help window navigation controls.
To view the system administration help, click Help Contents in the navigation pane. A
sample help screen follows:
To view context-sensitive help, click the question mark on any page. A sample context-
sensitive help screen follows:
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NzAdmin Online Help
From the NzAdmin interface, you can view context-sensitive administration help for various
tasks, or you can open the entire system administration contents.
To view the system administration help, select Help > NzAdmin Help from the menu.
To view task-oriented help, select an item in the left navigation frame and press F1 to
obtain help for that item. A sample help page for the Alerts task follows.
Netezza CLI Commands Online Help
Netezza CLI commands are commands that begin with an nz prefix. You can view online
help for a Netezza CLI command by entering the command followed by -h. Sample com-
mand help follows:
> nzsystem -h
Usage: nzsyst em[ - h| - r ev] [ - hc] <subcmd> [ <subcmd opt i ons>]
Opt i ons:
- h or - ? or - - hel p di spl ay t hi s hel p
- [ r R] ev or - V pr i nt t he sof t war e r evi si on of t hi s pr ogr am
- hc di spl ay hel p f or <subcmd>
Subcommands:
showSt at e show t he over al l syst emst at e ( def aul t )
showRev show t he syst em' s sof t war e r evi si on
showRegi st r y show t he syst em' s conf i gur at i on r egi st r y
of f l i ne t ake t he syst emof f l i ne
pause pause t he syst em
r est ar t st op and t hen aut omat i cal l y st ar t t he syst em
r esume br i ng t he syst emback onl i ne
st op st op t he syst em
i ni t Topol ogy cr eat e t he i ni t i al t opol ogy conf i gur at i on
set conf i gur e syst emset t i ng( s)
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Getting Help
Netezza CLI commands often include subcommands. In the preceding example of the
nzsystem command, the subcommands are listed in a distinct section. You can view help
for Netezza CLI subcommands by entering the name of the CLI command, followed by -hc,
followed by the name of the subcommand. Sample subcommand online help follows:
> nzsystem -hc stop
Usage: nzsyst emst op [ <subcmd opt i ons>]
Subcmd Opt i ons:
- host <name/ I P> host name or I P addr ess [ NZ_HOST]
- t i meout <secs> t i me t o wai t bef or e exi t i ng wi t h a t i meout er r or
( def aul t = 300)
- u <user name> l ogi n usi ng <user name> [ NZ_USER]
- pw <passwor d> aut hent i cat i on passwor d [ NZ_PASSWORD]
- pw <passwor d> aut hent i cat i on passwor d [ NZ_PASSWORD]
- now do not wai t f or cur r ent wor k t o f i ni sh
- nowAf t er <secs> t i me f or wor k t o f i ni sh bef or e r esor t i ng t o ' - now'
( def aul t = 300)
- f or ce do not pr ompt f or conf i r mat i on
Netezza SQL Commands Online Help
To manage databases and run queries on the NPS, you use the Netezza Structured Query
Language (NZSQL). You access NZSQL using the nzsql command. While you are in the
nzsql interpreter, you can obtain help for the available commands by using the \h slash
command followed by the Netezza SQL command. Sample Netezza SQL command online
help follows:
> \h generate statistics
Command: GENERATE STATI STI CS
Descr i pt i on: Gener at es st at i st i cs on a dat abase, t abl e, and col umns
wi t hi n a t abl e.
Synt ax:
GENERATE STATI STI CS [ ON t abl e [ ( col umn_name [ , . . . ] ) ] ]
GENERATE EXPRESS STATI STI CS ON t abl e [ ( col umn_name [ , . . . ] ) ]
Netezza Support Contact Information
For assistance with the Netezza products, contact Netezza Support over the Internet at the
Netezza Support website: https://support.netezza.com. Users require a valid customer login
to access the Support site.
For critical issues, you can also contact Support by telephone:
North American Toll-Free: +1.877.810.4441
United Kingdom Free-Phone: +0.800.032.8382
International Direct: +1.508.620.2281
If you contact Support by telephone, be sure to also submit a ticket on the website so that
relevant information is saved along with the report and resolution.
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