DOROTHEA OREMS GENERAL THEORY

IN NURSING
Orems theory addresses clients self-care needs. It is defined as
goal-oriented activities that are set towards generating interest in the
part of the client in maintaining life and health development. The theory
is aimed towards making the client perform self-care activities in order
to live independently.

Orems general theory of nursing is divided into three inter-
related parts: theory of self care, theory of self care deficit, and theory of
nursing system.

As to Dorothea Orem, her definition of Self-Care is an activity that
promotes and maintains a persons well-being (since she doesnt need
much dependent care, the patient may care for herself. The main goal
that were going forward to is health promotion and prevention of
further complications due to her HPN and rashes). It is performed by
persons who are aware of the time frames on behalf of maintaining life,
continuing personal development and a healthy functional living. (but
she may need her guardians assistance)

Self-Care requisites are insights of actions or requirements that a
person must be able to meet and perform in order to achieve well-
being, according to Orem. These are reasons for any actions of self-
care that must be undertaken. (These are the identified needs of the
patient that may need help with. For example, her knowledge about
good dieting and healthy foods.)

Self-care agency is a human ability which is the ability for
engaging in self-care- conditioned also by age developmental state, life
experience, and available resources. (So, shes 6 years old, she may not
have much experience that may teach her the proper healthy lifestyle
practices that she may need but if we teach her and as well as her
mother, she may practice a better lifestyle that she did before. As to the
available resources, if her school provide junk food and carbonated
drinks, we may encourage them to bring healthy foods and teach about
eating healthy and how junk food may affect them.)

Therapeutic Self-Care Demands consists of the summation of care
measures necessary at specific-times or over a duration of time for
meeting all of an individuals known self-care requisites particularized
for existent conditions and circumstances using methods appropriate
for:
Controlling or managing factors identifies in the requisites, the
values of which are regulatory of human functioning. (like
sufficiency or air, water, and food)
Fulfilling the activity elements of the requisite (maintenance,
promotion, prevention, and provision.

The objective of these theories are to identify the needs of the
patient, demonstrate an effective communication and interaction with
the patient/parent, and to apply the theory to solve the identified
problems of the patient.

The Theory of Self-Care Deficit is when Nursing is required to the
patient that is incapable or limited in the provision of continuous
effective self-care. By this, we may use the help of the parent in the
educative-supportive aspect of the theory. Orem uses 5 methods in
helping, which is: acting for and doing for others, guiding others,
supporting another, providing an environment promoting personal
development in relation to meet future demands, and teaching another.

We chose this theory to be applied to the patient for she is still a
dependent to her parent and the theory requires the care agent to
modify the teachings to a more understandable manner for a 6 year old.
Health teachings may be used for the parent on how to provide a better
lifestyle change for their child.

Our Nursing Care Plan shows the Nursing process that we used
for the client. We identified what needs that the patient may have in
order for us to diagnose appropriately to know what interventions and
health teachings we can give her and her parent.