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Advanced Polymer Encapsulation Advanced Polymer Encapsulation Advanced Polymer Encapsulation Advanced Polymer Encapsulation
Providing Solutions to Challenging Providing Solutions to Challenging Providing Solutions to Challenging Providing Solutions to Challenging
Marine Repair Projects Marine Repair Projects Marine Repair Projects Marine Repair Projects
2
1 I Repairing Marine Structures
2 I Advanced Pile Encapsulation
3 I Case Studies
FRP Protection Systems FRP Protection Systems FRP Protection Systems FRP Protection Systems
3 3 3
LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia
Trestle Trestle Trestle Trestle
constructed in constructed in constructed in constructed in
1980 1980 1980 1980
Precast concrete Precast concrete Precast concrete Precast concrete
cylinder piles cylinder piles cylinder piles cylinder piles
4 4 4
1
LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia
Routine Routine Routine Routine
inspection in inspection in inspection in inspection in
1983 (3 years 1983 (3 years 1983 (3 years 1983 (3 years
after after after after
construction) construction) construction) construction)
revealed severe revealed severe revealed severe revealed severe
marine borer marine borer marine borer marine borer
attack attack attack attack
616 piles 616 piles 616 piles 616 piles
affected affected affected affected
5 5 5
LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia
The owner required that the repair method The owner required that the repair method The owner required that the repair method The owner required that the repair method
Would eradicate the existing borers Would eradicate the existing borers Would eradicate the existing borers Would eradicate the existing borers
Would repair the damage done by the borers Would repair the damage done by the borers Would repair the damage done by the borers Would repair the damage done by the borers
Would not be susceptible to future borer attack Would not be susceptible to future borer attack Would not be susceptible to future borer attack Would not be susceptible to future borer attack
Would stay in place and continue to provide Would stay in place and continue to provide Would stay in place and continue to provide Would stay in place and continue to provide
protection for 20+ years without any maintenance protection for 20+ years without any maintenance protection for 20+ years without any maintenance protection for 20+ years without any maintenance
6 6 6
Repairing Marine Structures Repairing Marine Structures Repairing Marine Structures Repairing Marine Structures
Marine Structures Marine Structures Marine Structures Marine Structures
Submerged Piles
Submerged Piers
Seawalls
Dams / raceways
Offshore Platform Supports
7 7 7
The Need for Repair and Protection The Need for Repair and Protection The Need for Repair and Protection The Need for Repair and Protection
Marine Environment Marine Environment Marine Environment Marine Environment
Highly Corrosive
Environment
Susceptible to Rot
Attack from Marine
Organisms
Damage from Scour and
Abrasion
8 8 8
Repairs to Marine Structures Repairs to Marine Structures Repairs to Marine Structures Repairs to Marine Structures
Repair Zones Repair Zones Repair Zones Repair Zones
Atmospheric Zone
Splash Zone
Submerged Zone
A
t
m
o
s
p
h
e
r
i
c

Z
o
n
e
S
p
l
a
s
h

Z
o
n
e
S
u
b
m
e
r
g
e
d

Z
o
n
e
9 9 9
Repairs to Marine Structures Repairs to Marine Structures Repairs to Marine Structures Repairs to Marine Structures
Splash Zone Splash Zone Splash Zone Splash Zone
Wetting & Drying
Cycles
Available Oxygen
Heavy Wear &
Abrasion
S
p
l
a
s
h

Z
o
n
e
10 10 10
Repairs to Marine Structures Repairs to Marine Structures Repairs to Marine Structures Repairs to Marine Structures
Repair Challenges Repair Challenges Repair Challenges Repair Challenges
Durability of Materials for Repair / Protection
Adequate Performance of Materials for Repair /
Protection
Proper Placement of Materials for Repair / Protection
11 11 11
Durability Durability Durability Durability
Polyethylene wraps Polyethylene wraps Polyethylene wraps Polyethylene wraps
Applied with mastic
Sometimes with corrosion
inhibitors
Sometimes with mechanical
fasteners
12 12 12
Durability Durability Durability Durability
Repair system must be Repair system must be Repair system must be Repair system must be
robust enough to robust enough to robust enough to robust enough to
withstand wear and withstand wear and withstand wear and withstand wear and
abrasion in the splash abrasion in the splash abrasion in the splash abrasion in the splash
zone zone zone zone
This polyethylene wrap
is less than 1-year old!
13 13 13
Durability Durability Durability Durability
Nylon bags filled Nylon bags filled Nylon bags filled Nylon bags filled
w/ concrete w/ concrete w/ concrete w/ concrete
Bags are placed
around pile
Filled with up
to 9 of
additional
concrete
14 14 14
Durability Durability Durability Durability
Repair must Repair must Repair must Repair must
maintain integrity maintain integrity maintain integrity maintain integrity
over time over time over time over time
Concrete shrinks
and cracks
Nylon bag wears
away
15 15 15
Durability Durability Durability Durability
Repair must Repair must Repair must Repair must
maintain integrity maintain integrity maintain integrity maintain integrity
over time over time over time over time
Eventually
concrete debonds
and scours away
Putting the pile
back to its
original
condition
16 16 16
Performance Performance Performance Performance
Fiberglass jackets Fiberglass jackets Fiberglass jackets Fiberglass jackets
filled with grout filled with grout filled with grout filled with grout
Fiberglass
jacket
Cementicious
grout
17 17 17
Performance Performance Performance Performance
Repair system must Repair system must Repair system must Repair system must
possess adequate possess adequate possess adequate possess adequate
bond bond bond bond
Cementicious
grouts do not
bond well to the
fiberglass forms
Also do not bond
well to the pile
Jackets slip off
of the grout
18 18 18
Performance Performance Performance Performance
Repair system must Repair system must Repair system must Repair system must
possess adequate possess adequate possess adequate possess adequate
bond bond bond bond
Or slide off of
the pile
19 19 19
Performance Performance Performance Performance
Fiberglass jackets Fiberglass jackets Fiberglass jackets Fiberglass jackets
filled with epoxy filled with epoxy filled with epoxy filled with epoxy
Neat epoxy has a
higher
coefficient of
thermal
expansion than
pile and the
fiberglass
jacket
Expansion causes
jacket to
rupture
20 20 20
Performance Performance Performance Performance
Repair material Repair material Repair material Repair material
must remain in must remain in must remain in must remain in
equilibrium with equilibrium with equilibrium with equilibrium with
substrate substrate substrate substrate
Or split at the
seams
21 21 21
Performance Performance Performance Performance
Coefficient of Thermal Coefficient of Thermal Coefficient of Thermal Coefficient of Thermal
Expansion (10 Expansion (10 Expansion (10 Expansion (10
- -- -6 6 6 6
/ / / / C) C) C) C)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Neat Epoxy Filled Epoxy Concrete Steel
22 22 22
Placement Placement Placement Placement
Fiberglass jacket Fiberglass jacket Fiberglass jacket Fiberglass jacket
with epoxy grout with epoxy grout with epoxy grout with epoxy grout
poured from the poured from the poured from the poured from the
top top top top down down down down
Epoxy grout
better matches
the CTE
23 23 23
Placement Placement Placement Placement
Material must be Material must be Material must be Material must be
able to be placed able to be placed able to be placed able to be placed
underwater without underwater without underwater without underwater without
effecting the effecting the effecting the effecting the
integrity of the integrity of the integrity of the integrity of the
repair material repair material repair material repair material
Placement from
the top down
leads to
segregation of
the material
24 24 24
Placement Placement Placement Placement
Material must be Material must be Material must be Material must be
able to be placed able to be placed able to be placed able to be placed
underwater without underwater without underwater without underwater without
effecting the effecting the effecting the effecting the
integrity of the integrity of the integrity of the integrity of the
repair material repair material repair material repair material
Large voids form
and cannot be
seen behind the
fiberglass form
The form
ultimately
debonds
revealing the
voids
25 25 25
Repairs to Marine Structures Repairs to Marine Structures Repairs to Marine Structures Repairs to Marine Structures
Repair Challenges Repair Challenges Repair Challenges Repair Challenges
Durability of Materials for Repair / Protection
Adequate Performance of Materials for Repair /
Protection
Proper Placement of Materials for Repair / Protection
26
1 I Repairing Marine Structures
2 2 2 2 I I I I Advanced Polymer Encapsulation Advanced Polymer Encapsulation Advanced Polymer Encapsulation Advanced Polymer Encapsulation
3 I Case Studies
FRP Protection Systems FRP Protection Systems FRP Protection Systems FRP Protection Systems
27 27 27
The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process
Step 1 Step 1 Step 1 Step 1
Surface preparation
Remove marine growth
Clean rust and scale
Profile substrate
28 28 28
The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process
Step 1 Step 1 Step 1 Step 1
Sandblasting
Pneumatic Rotary Grinder
29 29 29
The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process
Step 2 Step 2 Step 2 Step 2
Fiberglass Jackets
Placed Around
Structure
Leaving 3/8 to
1/2 Annulus between
Jacket and Structure
Seams are sealed with
epoxy
Translucent
Fiberglass
Jackets
30 30 30
Purpose Designed FRP Jackets Purpose Designed FRP Jackets Purpose Designed FRP Jackets Purpose Designed FRP Jackets
Step Step Step Step 2 22 2
Appropriately sized FRP
Jackets Delivered to Site
Polymer Stand-offs
Seam adhesive applied on
deck
31 31 31
Purpose Designed FRP Jackets Purpose Designed FRP Jackets Purpose Designed FRP Jackets Purpose Designed FRP Jackets
Step 2 Step 2 Step 2 Step 2
Jackets set in place
around pile
32 32 32
The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process
Step 3 Step 3 Step 3 Step 3
Seams are riveted in
place
Temporary bracing is
installed
Bottom of Jacket is
sealed w/ epoxy coated
backer rod
Temporary Bracing
Epoxy Seal
33 33 33
APE Purpose Designed FRP Jackets APE Purpose Designed FRP Jackets APE Purpose Designed FRP Jackets APE Purpose Designed FRP Jackets
Step 3 Step 3 Step 3 Step 3
Temporary bracing installed
34 34 34
The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process
A B
Step 4 Step 4 Step 4 Step 4
Each component of Each component of Each component of Each component of
a two a two a two a two- -- -component component component component
marine grade marine grade marine grade marine grade
epoxy is mixed epoxy is mixed epoxy is mixed epoxy is mixed
with sand with sand with sand with sand
35 35 35
Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed
Step 4 Step 4 Step 4 Step 4
Plural component grout
plant
Part A & Part B mixed
with sand in each
hopper
36 36 36
The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process
Step 5 Step 5 Step 5 Step 5
Grout plant is
attached to injection
port in fiberglass
jacket
Dual-umbilical hose
w/ static mixer at
injection site
A B
37 37 37
Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed
Step 5 Step 5 Step 5 Step 5
Downstream mixer
38 38 38
Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed
Step 5 Step 5 Step 5 Step 5
Fluid sand-filled epoxy
grout is dispensed out of
the mixer
39 39 39
The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process
Step 6 Step 6 Step 6 Step 6
Epoxy grout is pumped
into annulus
Water in the annulus
is displaced and
expunged out of the
top of the jacket
A B
40 40 40
Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed
Step 6 Step 6 Step 6 Step 6
Grout is pumped Grout is pumped Grout is pumped Grout is pumped
into the annulus into the annulus into the annulus into the annulus
Water is displaced Water is displaced Water is displaced Water is displaced
above grout above grout above grout above grout
Grout progress is Grout progress is Grout progress is Grout progress is
monitored monitored monitored monitored
41 41 41
Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed Epoxy Grout Infill Properly Placed
Step 6 Step 6 Step 6 Step 6
Water is expunged Water is expunged Water is expunged Water is expunged
out of the top of out of the top of out of the top of out of the top of
the jacket the jacket the jacket the jacket
42 42 42
The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process
Step Step Step Step 7 77 7
Top of jacket is Top of jacket is Top of jacket is Top of jacket is
sealed with epoxy sealed with epoxy sealed with epoxy sealed with epoxy
Bracing is Bracing is Bracing is Bracing is
removed removed removed removed
Seal top of jacket
43 43 43
The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process The APE Process
Encapsulation is Encapsulation is Encapsulation is Encapsulation is
complete! complete! complete! complete!
44 44 44
Complete Encapsulation Complete Encapsulation Complete Encapsulation Complete Encapsulation
FRP Jacket FRP Jacket FRP Jacket FRP Jacket
Epoxy Grout Infill Epoxy Grout Infill Epoxy Grout Infill Epoxy Grout Infill
Complete Coverage Complete Coverage Complete Coverage Complete Coverage
of Grout of Grout of Grout of Grout
Well Bonded to the Well Bonded to the Well Bonded to the Well Bonded to the
Pile Pile Pile Pile
45 45 45
Complete Encapsulation Complete Encapsulation Complete Encapsulation Complete Encapsulation
Epoxy Grout is Epoxy Grout is Epoxy Grout is Epoxy Grout is
pumped under pumped under pumped under pumped under
pressure pressure pressure pressure
Grout penetrates Grout penetrates Grout penetrates Grout penetrates
into cracks and into cracks and into cracks and into cracks and
voids in the voids in the voids in the voids in the
substrate substrate substrate substrate
46
1 I Repairing Marine Structures
2 I Advanced Polymer Encapsulation
3 I 3 I 3 I 3 I Case Studies Case Studies Case Studies Case Studies
FRP Protection Systems FRP Protection Systems FRP Protection Systems FRP Protection Systems
47 47 47
Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway,
New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana
Pile Encapsulation Pile Encapsulation Pile Encapsulation Pile Encapsulation
Started in 1988
still ongoing
26 mile long bridge
54 diameter
concrete cylinder
piles
48 48 48
Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway,
New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana
Pile Encapsulation Pile Encapsulation Pile Encapsulation Pile Encapsulation
Encapsulations soon
after completion in
1989
49 49 49
Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway,
New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana
Pile Encapsulation Pile Encapsulation Pile Encapsulation Pile Encapsulation
Encapsulations in
2002
50 50 50
Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway,
New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana
Coring 13 Coring 13 Coring 13 Coring 13- -- -year old year old year old year old
encapsulations encapsulations encapsulations encapsulations
51 51 51
Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway,
New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana
Core sample Core sample Core sample Core sample
52 52 52
Bond testing 13 Bond testing 13 Bond testing 13 Bond testing 13- -- -
year old year old year old year old
encapsulations encapsulations encapsulations encapsulations
Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway,
New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana
53 53 53
Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock, Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock, Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock, Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock,
Virginia Virginia Virginia Virginia
1993 1993 1993 1993
RC Piers Showing RC Piers Showing RC Piers Showing RC Piers Showing
Corrosion and Corrosion and Corrosion and Corrosion and
Spalling Spalling Spalling Spalling
Encapsulations all Encapsulations all Encapsulations all Encapsulations all
Above Water Above Water Above Water Above Water
54 54 54
Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock, Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock, Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock, Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock,
Virginia Virginia Virginia Virginia
1993 1993 1993 1993
RC Piers Showing RC Piers Showing RC Piers Showing RC Piers Showing
Corrosion and Corrosion and Corrosion and Corrosion and
Spalling Spalling Spalling Spalling
Encapsulations all Encapsulations all Encapsulations all Encapsulations all
Above Water Above Water Above Water Above Water
55 55 55
Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock, Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock, Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock, Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock,
Virginia Virginia Virginia Virginia
Jackets placed Jackets placed Jackets placed Jackets placed
over spalled areas over spalled areas over spalled areas over spalled areas
No patching was No patching was No patching was No patching was
done done done done
56 56 56
Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock, Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock, Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock, Rappahannock River Bridge, Tappahannock,
Virginia Virginia Virginia Virginia
Completed Completed Completed Completed
Encapsulation Encapsulation Encapsulation Encapsulation
57 57 57
BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland
Badly deteriorated Badly deteriorated Badly deteriorated Badly deteriorated
H HH H- -- -Piles Piles Piles Piles
58 58 58
BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland
Encapsulate 44 Encapsulate 44 Encapsulate 44 Encapsulate 44
H Piles H Piles H Piles H Piles
Completed in 1993 Completed in 1993 Completed in 1993 Completed in 1993
59 59 59
BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland
Corroded steel Corroded steel Corroded steel Corroded steel
section replaced section replaced section replaced section replaced
with new with new with new with new
structural steel structural steel structural steel structural steel
Steel channels Steel channels Steel channels Steel channels
bolted and spliced bolted and spliced bolted and spliced bolted and spliced
onto existing onto existing onto existing onto existing
piles piles piles piles
60 60 60
Jackets sized to Jackets sized to Jackets sized to Jackets sized to
H HH H- -- -Pile Profile Pile Profile Pile Profile Pile Profile
BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland
61 61 61
BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland BG&E Facility, Baltimore, Maryland
Encapsulations in Encapsulations in Encapsulations in Encapsulations in
place place place place
62 62 62
Warren Road Bridge, Warren Road Bridge, Warren Road Bridge, Warren Road Bridge,
Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore, Maryland
Deteriorated piers Deteriorated piers Deteriorated piers Deteriorated piers
Large concrete pier
63 63 63
Warren Road Bridge, Warren Road Bridge, Warren Road Bridge, Warren Road Bridge,
Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore, Maryland
Pier Encapsulation: Pier Encapsulation: Pier Encapsulation: Pier Encapsulation:
Large concrete pier
Jacket Fabrication
64 64 64
Warren Road Bridge, Warren Road Bridge, Warren Road Bridge, Warren Road Bridge,
Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore, Maryland
Pier Encapsulation: Pier Encapsulation: Pier Encapsulation: Pier Encapsulation:
Large concrete pier
65 65 65
13 13 13 13- -- -year old year old year old year old
encapsulatio encapsulatio encapsulatio encapsulatio
ns ns ns ns
Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway,
New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans, Louisiana
66 66 66
Des Joachims Hydroelectric Dam Des Joachims Hydroelectric Dam Des Joachims Hydroelectric Dam Des Joachims Hydroelectric Dam
Deep River, Ontario, Canada Deep River, Ontario, Canada Deep River, Ontario, Canada Deep River, Ontario, Canada
Tailrace Structure Tailrace Structure Tailrace Structure Tailrace Structure
Sits on the Ottawa River
between Ontario and Quebec
200-km Upstream from
Ottawa, ON
8 power generation units
67 67 67
Challenges Challenges Challenges Challenges
Tailrace Structure Tailrace Structure Tailrace Structure Tailrace Structure
Structure built in 1940s
Damage to tailrace from
scour and abrasion
68 68 68
Challenges Challenges Challenges Challenges
Damage to Piers Damage to Piers Damage to Piers Damage to Piers
Loss of section
12 to 18 of section
loss in some instances
Reinforcing steel
exposed
69 69 69
Challenges Challenges Challenges Challenges
Repair Procedure Repair Procedure Repair Procedure Repair Procedure
Restore loss of section
Protect against future
abrasion damage
Protect the downstream
ecosystem
Minimize dam shutdown
time to less than 10-
days
70 70 70
Concept Concept Concept Concept
Epoxy Grout
Pumped In
Contaminated Water
Vacuumed Out
Fiberglass Jacket
Encapsulation Complete
71 71 71
Implementation Implementation Implementation Implementation
FRP Panels FRP Panels FRP Panels FRP Panels
Face of peirs
encapsulated using FRP
panels
Thicker than usual
panels (1/4) were
used due to severity of
scour and abrasion
Panels hoisted into
place
72 72 72
Implementation Implementation Implementation Implementation
Panels Installed Panels Installed Panels Installed Panels Installed
Panels are anchored
into the face of the
wall at appx 12o.c.
EW
Stiffeners are placed
to resist grouting
pressure
73 73 73
Implementation Implementation Implementation Implementation
Grouting Operation Grouting Operation Grouting Operation Grouting Operation
Grout pumped into
annular space
Expunged water and
excess grout reclaimed
by vacuum pumps
installed on upper
ports
Contaminated water
disposed of separately
to minimize
environmental impact
74 74 74
Des Joachims Hydroelectic Dam Des Joachims Hydroelectic Dam Des Joachims Hydroelectic Dam Des Joachims Hydroelectic Dam
Deep River, Ontario, Canada Deep River, Ontario, Canada Deep River, Ontario, Canada Deep River, Ontario, Canada
Encapsulation in Place Encapsulation in Place Encapsulation in Place Encapsulation in Place
Completed without
dewatering
Only 7-days of shutdown
time for the generators
75 75 75
Testing Testing Testing Testing
Core Samples Core Samples Core Samples Core Samples
Excellent bond to
backwall
Good grout
consolidation
No cracking in grout
from exotherm
76 76 76
Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion
Before Before Before Before
77 77 77
Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion
and After and After and After and After
78 78 78
Des Joachims Hydroelectric Dam Des Joachims Hydroelectric Dam Des Joachims Hydroelectric Dam Des Joachims Hydroelectric Dam
Deep River, Ontario, Canada Deep River, Ontario, Canada Deep River, Ontario, Canada Deep River, Ontario, Canada
and In Service and In Service and In Service and In Service
79 79 79
Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia
Encapusulate 41 Encapusulate 41 Encapusulate 41 Encapusulate 41
braced piers braced piers braced piers braced piers
Completed in 1997 Completed in 1997 Completed in 1997 Completed in 1997
80 80 80
Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia
Jackets are field Jackets are field Jackets are field Jackets are field
cut to fit at cut to fit at cut to fit at cut to fit at
connections connections connections connections
81 81 81
Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia
Jackets are field Jackets are field Jackets are field Jackets are field
cut to fit at cut to fit at cut to fit at cut to fit at
connections connections connections connections
82 82 82
Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia
Joints are sealed Joints are sealed Joints are sealed Joints are sealed
with epoxy with epoxy with epoxy with epoxy
Grout is injected Grout is injected Grout is injected Grout is injected
into annulus into annulus into annulus into annulus
83 83 83
Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia Point Murat Pier, Exmouth, Australia
Encapsulation in Encapsulation in Encapsulation in Encapsulation in
place place place place
84 84 84
LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia
The 616 piles The 616 piles The 616 piles The 616 piles
were encapsulated were encapsulated were encapsulated were encapsulated
using the using the using the using the
advanced pile advanced pile advanced pile advanced pile
encapsulation encapsulation encapsulation encapsulation
technique in 1984 technique in 1984 technique in 1984 technique in 1984
85 85 85
LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia LPG Trestle, JuAymah, Saudi Arabia
Over 20 years Over 20 years Over 20 years Over 20 years
later later later later
The repair and The repair and The repair and The repair and
protection via protection via protection via protection via
Advanced Pile Advanced Pile Advanced Pile Advanced Pile
Encapsulation Encapsulation Encapsulation Encapsulation
remains in remains in remains in remains in
place and place and place and place and
continues to continues to continues to continues to
provided provided provided provided
protection protection protection protection
without any without any without any without any
maintenance maintenance maintenance maintenance
86
Thank You! Thank You! Thank You! Thank You!
FRP Strengthening Systems FRP Strengthening Systems FRP Strengthening Systems FRP Strengthening Systems

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