7C S14 Lecture 9BW

Physics 7C
Sections A, B, C & D
Professor Lawrence B. Coleman
1
Lecture 9 Finish up on Magnetic & Electric Fields &
Electromagnetic Waves
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 9
Quote of the Week:
I am a great believer in luck and I find the harder I work the more
of it I have.
-- Thomas Jefferson
! Today is the Last Lecture in 7C
! Next Week on Thursday from 8AM till
10AM in 66 Roessler
Physics 7 in the Real World
! While this is the official last day of class
for sections A&B, all of 7C is invited.
! One topic will be musical instruments so
if you have one you can bring, please do
and we will analyze the physics.
Physics 7C Spring 2014 - Lecture 9 2
Announcements
! Quiz 2 & 3 reconsiderations last call this
Friday- May 30th.
! Quiz 4 reconsiderations last call during
my review session & final exam
! As soon as Quiz 4 is graded I will post a
grade sheet with all four quizzes and
Mastering grade.
! Check it over for accuracy let me know
ASAP of any errors, by Review Session I
will assume it is correct!
Announcements
! What about the charges moving in a
wire.
! They create a magnetic field, but
what if the wire is in a magnetic
field?
! Look at two parallel wires that carry
current. Look at one creating the B-
field and the force that field puts on
the moving charges of the other.
Magnetic Force on a Moving Charge
Magnetic Force on a Moving Charge
! What happens if I put a loop of wire
into a B field and move it so that the
amount of B field going through the
loop changes?
! Need to describe a quantity called
flux.
! Flux is the amount of field per area =
The Last Connection Between E & B
!
!
! If I change the amount of flux going
through a loop of wire, it generates
an EMF and thus a current flows.
! Demo generator
!
! If I change the amount of flux going
through a loop of wire, it generates
an EMF and thus a current flows.
! I changed flux by moving loop in
and out of field
!
emf = V =
!"
!t
! But I can also change flux by rotating
loop.
! That is called a generator.
! Direction of current in loop??
! It is such that the magnetic field it
creates tries to counter the change in
flux.
! All that we have explored says that if
I have an oscillating charge it will
create an oscillating electric field
which in turn will create an
oscillating magnetic field.
! Turns out these fields will propagate.
! They are E&M waves.
! E&M waves are different from
matter waves.
! No media, travel slower in media
than vacuum
! Same

v = c = f !
The E&M Spectrum
The Visible Spectrum
! ROY G. BIV
! Red is the lowest frequency, the
longest wavelength. The lowest
energy.
! Blue is the highest frequency, the
shortest wavelength. The highest
energy
! IR vs. UV
! An individual E&M wave has a
defined direction of the oscillating
electric field.
! That is called the polarization of the
wave.
Electromagnetic Waves - Polarization
! In a beam or ray of light all the individual
waves have a polarization but many waves.
! Light beams are unpolarized
! E&M Waves are transverse
! Polarized light ( E&M Wave) is one
where all the waves have the same
orientation of the electric field
oscillations.
! Since any vector can be resolved into
components, the polarization of a
E&M Wave can be created by the
vector sum of two polarizations.
! Why only two
! Why only two
! Because E&M waves are transverse so
the oscillating E-field is perpendicular
to the direction of travel.
! We can polarize a beam of light by
either
! Eliminating one polarization
! Separating the two polarizations
! Eliminating one polarization -absorption
! The polaroid filter a polymer that
absorbs one polarization.
! Separating the two polarizations
by reflection
! When light (aka E&M Waves) reflects
off a non-conducting (aka dielectric
glass, plastic, water) interface, the
reflected and refracted rays are
partially polarized.
Separating the two polarizations by reflection
Brewster's Angle

When the refracted
ray is normal to the
reflected ray,
polarization of
reflected ray is
100%
Brewster's Angle

! When the refracted ray is
normal to the reflected ray,
polarization of reflected ray is
100%
! That happens when
n
a
sin!
B
= n
b
sin!
b
!
b
= 90 "!
B
n
a
sin!
B
= n
b
sin(90 "!
B
) = n
b
cos!
B
#tan!
B
=
n
b
n
a
! Brewsters Angles
! air-glass = 57
! air-water = 53
! How sunglasses work.
! E&M Waves are also polarized by
scattering.
! Scattering is an absorption and re-
emission of E&M waves.
! Rayleigh found that the effectiveness
of scattering by simple molecules is
proportional to
! So blue scattered more than red.
Polarization & Scattering
1
!
4
! When you look to the sky, the light
you see is scattered by the molecules
of the air.
! Scattering is more efficient for blue
than red, so the sky looks blue.
! In clouds the light is reflected by
water droplets, reflection is
frequency (color) independent, so
clouds are white.
Why the Sky is Blue
! Why is the sky not purple??
! Why is the skylight Polarized??
! Why are sunsets so colorful?
Why the Sky is Blue
Please use #2 pencil or black ink

Note that not all the questions line up with the
bubbles. So be careful like the SATs and
MCATs

This is for Dr. C and the Lectures, in DL you evaluated
the TA and the DLs.

Your written comments on the back are very helpful
and greatly appreciated! I take them all seriously.
Instructor Evaluations
! Final Exam is Thursday June 12th
@ 6:00 PM to 8:00 PM
! No early, late or otherwise different exams
! Practice Problems and Things to Ponder
are posted
! TA Office Hours & Reviews Sessions to be
posted
! Dr. C.s Special Review Session Tuesday,
June 10
th
3:30 to 5:30 PM in 198 Young Hall,
podcast if technology in room.
Announcements-Final Exam
Final Exam Rooms
Exam Room Last Name Starts With
198 Young Hall A ! D
Social Science 1100 E ! L
Haring 1227 M,N,O
Haring 2205 P ! T
3 Klieber U ! Z
! The final exam will be comprehensive covering the
entire 7C course.
! Lecture and DL Material
! 5 problems
! A little heavy on the material since quiz #4.
! Very light on the material from quiz #4.
! Lens problem for sure
! It may be that a problem uses more than one
concept from the course.
Whats on the Final
! Topics include
! Oscillations and Traveling Waves
! Sound
! Interference
! Standing Waves
! Reflection & Refraction
! Lenses How they work, Ray Tracing and Lens
Equation
! Charges, Electric Fields, potentials, potential
energy ( Quiz 4 not much if anything)
Whats on the Final
! And Topics include
! Magnetic Fields, Lorentz forces, Flux and induced
emf .
! Electromagnetic Waves
! No Quantum or Nuclear Physics
Whats on the Final
! A wide awake and ready to go brain
! Calculator NO Cell phones or other
devices that send and receive information.
! I will not have calculators to lend!!!!
! Any attempt to send or receive electronic
communications will be considered cheating
and your exam will be collected, you will
receive a zero for the final and SJA will be
notified.
! Pencils, erasers & ruler ( for possible ray
tracing)
Bring to the Final
! One page ( 8 ! x 11 inches) of notes
! Yes, both sides if you want
! But do not go overboard!
! Sample formula sheet is posted.
! Your UC Davis ID We will be checking
you in.
! A wide awake and ready to go brain
Bring to the Final

! It is the Physics that is the most important.
! Make sure you understand each of the concepts
we explored this quarter
! Make sure you show your thinking
Words of Advice on Studying For
and Taking the Final

It is the Physics that is the most important.

The right Physics is more important than the
right formula.

You should start each solution with
The Physics is...

Advice
" Read the Question or problem carefully
" If a word or words are bolded, make sure
you read them
" Make sure you understand what is being
asked ----
" If you have questions ASK!
" Draw Pictures


Advice
" Label your figures with everything you
know and what you need to find out.
" Use descriptive subscripts do not let
the alphabet soup mess you up!
" Remember VECTORS are VECTORS
Vectors have magnitude & direction & units


Advice Neatness helps
" If we cannot read it, we cannot know what
you thinking or trying to say.
" There will be NO chance for re-grades. If it
is not clear, we may not know what you are
trying to say and you may not get the
credit.


If you find yourself stuck look at the last
place you had understanding and ask
yourself, what are each of these things?

Things = words or parts of an equation.


Words of warning
Be careful of units MKS is always safe.
Radians and degrees
Right hand rules need a right hand!
Do not waste time looking for the right
formula.
Do not forget your calculator and your sheet
of notes. AND
A wide awake and ready to go brain


! Next Week on Thursday from 8AM till
10AM in 66 Roessler
Physics 7 in the Real World

Closing Words

It has been a pleasure helping
you learn.

I truly hope that you will find
what you learned in Physics 7
helpful to you in your further
studies and as you continue to
explore the world around you!


The END of Physics 7
But not the end of your use of
physics, I hope

See some of you next Thursday 8AM -10AM

7C S14 Lecture 9BW

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