Oisd GDN 232

Draft 3
OISD- GDN- 232

First Edition

For Restricted Circulation Only

Identification of Hazards and Control Measures in E&P
Industry

OISD GDN 232
First Edition, September 2011

Prepared by

FUNCTIONAL COMMITTEE ON GUIDELINES FOR IDENTIFICATION OF
HAZARDS AND CONTROL MEASURES IN E&P INDUSTRY

OIL INDUSTRY SAFETY DIRECTORATE
8
th
Floor, "OIDB Bhavan"
Plot No. 2, Sector-73
Noida-201301

Note

OISD (Oil Industry Safety Directorate) publications are prepared for use in the Oil and Gas Industry
under Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas. These are the property of Ministry of Petroleum & Natural
Gas and shall not be reproduced or copied and loaned or exhibited to others without written consent
from OISD.

Though every effort has been made to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in
the document, OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage
resulting from their use.

The document is intended to supplement rather than replace the prevailing statutory requirements.

________________________________________________________________________________

(ii)

Foreword

The Oil Industry in India is more than 100 years old. Because of various collaboration agreements, a
variety of international codes, standards and practices have been in vogue. Standardisation in design
philosophies and operation and maintenance practices at a national level was hardly in existence.
This coupled with feed back from some serious accidents that occurred in the recent past in India and
abroad, emphasised the need for the industry to review the existing state- of- the-art in designing,
operating and maintaining oil and gas installations.

With this in view, the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas in 1986 constituted a Safety Council
assisted by the Oil Industry Safety Directorate (OISD) staffed from within the industry, in formulating
and implementing a series of self regulatory measures aimed at removing obsolescence,
standardising and upgrading the existing standards to ensure safe operations. Accordingly, OISD
constituted a number of functional committees of experts nominated from the industry to draw up
standards and guidelines on various subjects.

The present guidelines on Identifications of Hazards and Control Measures in E&P Industry have
been prepared by the Functional Committee. The document is based on the accumulated knowledge
and experience of industry members and the national / international codes and practices.

This document will help in adopting a systematic approach for identification of hazards and control
measures in E&P industry. The Guidelines allow the users to choose the relevant provisions and
adapt them in light of their particular circumstances.

Suggestions are invited from the users after it is put into practice to improve the document further.
Suggestions for amendments to this document should be addressed to:

The Coordinator
Functional Committee on
Guidelines for Identification of Hazards and Control Measures in E&P Industry,
Oil Industry Safety Directorate,
8
th
Floor, OIDB Bhavan,
Plot No. 2, Sector-73,
Noida - 201301.
____________________________________________________________________________

(iii)

Functional Committee on

Guidelines for Identification of Hazards and Control Measures in
E&P Industry

________________________________________________________________________

Name Organisation

LEADER

Shri P.S. Sehmi Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited

MEMBERS

Shri A.K. Chakrabarty Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited

Shri D.K. Varshney Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited

Shri D.M. Pradhan Oil India Limited

Shri Pankaj Goswami Oil India Limited

MEMBER CO-ORDINATOR

Shri H.C. Taneja Oil Industry Safety Directorate

In addition to the above, several other experts from Industry contributed in the
preparation, review and finalisation of the Guidelines.
__________________________________________________________________________
(iv)

Guidelines for Identification of Hazards and Control
Measures in E&P Industry

Contents
_____________________________________________________________

Section Description Page No.
__________________________________________________________________
1.0 Introduction 01

2.0 Scope 01

3.0 Definitions 01

4.0 Statutory Requirements 03

5.0 Process of Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment 03

6.0 Qualitative Risk Assessment 05
6.1 Risk matrix framework 06
6.2 Screening criteria for risk assessment 07
6.3 Risk reduction measures 07
6.4 Job safety analysis 09
6.5 Functional requirements 10

7.0 Generic Checklists of Hazards and Risk Reduction
Measures for E&P Industry 11
7.1 Drilling and related operations 11
7.2 Production, processing and related operations 12
7.3 Well servicing and related operations 13

8.0 References 14

Annexures:

Annexure-1: Checklist for drilling and related operations 16
Annexure-2: Checklist for production, processing and related
operations 32
Annexure-3: Checklist for well servicing and related operations 48

________________________________________________________________________

(v)

OISD hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from the use of the OISD
Standards / Guidelines

OISD-GDN- 232 1

Guidelines for Identification of Hazards and Control Measures in
E&P Industry

1.0 Introduction

Hazards associated with operations in E&P industry may lead to incidents due to human
factors, equipment failure, procedures failure, planning failure, risk assessment failure and
organizational management (control, cooperation, communication, competence, monitoring
and review) failure. Risk management is a critical component of safety management system.

This document has been prepared with an objective of providing guidance to the
organizations to identify hazards and establish control measures. Organizations can use
these guidelines to develop effective control measures for any potential hazard(s), which are
location and scenario specific.

2.0 Scope

This document lays down guidelines for identifying hazards and establishing control
measures in E&P Industry: in drilling, production, well servicing and related operations; in
both on land and offshore, in existing installations, with focus on qualitative risk assessment.
This document should also be referred during design stage of new E&P installations.

3.0 Definitions

Barrier

Measure which reduces the probability of realizing a hazards potential for harm and its
consequence. Barriers may be physical (materials, protective devices, shields, segregation,
etc.) or non-physical (procedures, inspection, training, drills, etc.).

Control of hazards

Limiting the extent and/or duration of a hazardous event to prevent escalation.

Hazard

An inherent property of a substance, agent, source of energy or situation having the potential
of causing undesirable consequences for human injury, damage to the environment, damage
to property or a combination there of.

Hazards / risk register

Document providing a brief, but complete, overview of the identified hazards and the
measures necessary to manage them.

Hazard analysis

Identification of individual hazards of a system, determination of the mechanisms by which
they could give rise to undesired events, and evaluation of the consequences of these events
on health (including public health), environment and property.


OISD-GDN- 232 2

High consequence event

An incident with potential of causing high consequences for human injury, damage to the
environment, damage to property or a combination there of.

Mitigation

Limitation of the undesirable effects of a particular event

Performance standard

A statement which can be expressed in qualitative or quantitative terms, of the performance
required of a system, item of equipment, person or procedure, and which is used as the basis
for managing the hazard through the life cycle of the installation

Risk

Combination of the chance that a specified hazardous event will occur and the severity of the
consequences of the event

Risk assessment

Overall process of risk analysis and risk evaluation against risk acceptance criteria

Risk evaluation

Judgement, on the basis of risk analysis, of whether a risk is tolerable

Risk management

Coordinated set of activities and methods used to direct an organization and to control many
risks that can affect organisations ability to achieve objectives. Coordinated set of activities
and methods are also known as architecture and this architecture includes risk management
principles, risk management framework, and risk management process.

Safety management system

The part of an organisations general management system that includes the organisational
structure, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes, and resources for determining
and implementing an accident prevention policy. The safety management system normally
addresses a number of issues including, but not limited to: organisation and personnel;
identification and evaluation of hazards and risks; operational control; management of
change; planning for emergencies; monitoring performance; audit and review

Screening criteria

Standard used to judge the tolerability of an identified hazard or effect

Shall

The word shall is used to indicate that requirements / provisions are mandatory.


OISD-GDN- 232 3

Should

The word should is used to indicate that requirements / provisions are recommended as per
sound engineering / good management practice.

4.0 Statutory Requirements

Relevant statutory requirements, as per the following, as amended from time to time, inter
alia, are applicable for hazard identification, risk evaluation and establishing control
measures in E&P industry:

4.1 The Oil Mines Regulation 1984 (OMR).

4.2 The Petroleum and Natural Gas (Safety in Offshore Operations) Rules,
2008.

4.3 For environment related regulatory requirements refer OISD-RP-201.

Additionally, all statutory requirements notified by the Central Government or States, from
time to time, shall be complied with, as applicable.

5.0 Process of Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment

Understanding of the concept that hazard has the potential for something undesirable to
happen rather than the actual event itself is important for approach to be adopted towards
hazard identification and risk assessment.

Identification of hazards is based on physical and chemical properties of the material
(including fluids) being handled, processing conditions, environmental conditions,
arrangements of equipment and operating and maintenance procedures.

Risk is evaluated by estimating the likelihood of the hazardous event occurring and the
severity of the consequences that might be expected from it. Steps involved are identification
of initiating events, identification of possible accident sequences, estimation of probability of
occurrence of these accident sequences and assessment of consequences.

The effectiveness of a hazards and risk assessment depends on the skills, knowledge and
efforts of the personnel undertaking the work. Multi disciplinary team including members from
field operations having competence should carry out hazard identification, risk evaluation and
establishing control measures. Competence includes skills in the risk assessment techniques
and knowledge about the design, operation and maintenance of the facilities under
consideration.

At every installation appropriate risk management should be established and maintained. For
guidance on hazard identification and risk assessment techniques refer section 6.1 of OISD-
GDN-227 (2007 edition) and Annexure B of ISO 17776.

Elements of a risk management process as described in ISO 31000 include Establishing the
context, Hazard identification, Risk analysis (analysis of potential initiating events, analysis of
potential consequences), Risk evaluation (comparing with acceptance criteria), Risk treatment
(includes control measures). In addition to these elements of the process, two key functions to
be performed continuously throughout the risk management process are: Communication
and consultation; and Monitoring and review.


OISD-GDN- 232 4

A framework for risk management, based on ISO 31000 and NORSOK Standard Z-013 is
presented below.

Risk Management Process: ISO 31000:2009 / NORSOK Standard Z-013:2010

Risk Assessment

Objective of establishing the context for risk assessment process is to set scope and criteria
for the risk assessment process, while ensuring that process is:
Suitable with respect to its intended objectives and purpose.
Appropriate for area of interest e.g. facility, system(s), operations etc.
Suitable for the required and available level of details.
Executed with desired scope and quality.
Includes all activities carried out and all control measures implemented prior to or as
a part of the initiating phase of risk assessment process.
Provides sufficient and appropriate inputs for the decision support at the right time.

During defining of scope the following should be considered:
Risk to persons, environment and assets.
The risk acceptance criteria and the objectives of risk assessment process.
Frequency of loosing main safety functions and impairment of barrier functions and /
or elements, systems.

Scope should also include identification, assessment and/or establishment of:
Defined situation of hazards and accidents
Dimensioning accident loads
Requirements for barrier functions, systems and/or elements
Risk Assessment
Establishing the Context
Hazard Identification

Analysis of
potential
Consequences
Risk Evaluation /
Establishing Risk Picture
Risk Treatment
C
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m
m
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n
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a
n
d

C
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M
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,

r
e
v
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e
w

a
n
d

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p
d
a
t
e

Analysis of
potential
initiating events


OISD-GDN- 232 5

Operational limitations
Equipment, area, system classification.
Human and organisational factors

Methods, models and tools to be used in the process should be suitable with respect to the
decisions to be made, keeping in view objective(s) and scope for the assessment.

Boundaries of system to be subjected to risk assessment should be defined and described
covering following aspects:
Technical system(s): structures, buildings, layout, process, storage, pipelines, wells,
utility, safety, emergency preparedness etc.
Period, phase(s) and activities.
Organisation and the operational system.

Responsibilities for planning and executing risk assessment process should be defined.
Relevant concept is risk owner defined in ISO 31000, as person (or entity) with the
accountability and authority to manage the risk.

For guidance on hazard identification, analysis of potential initiating events, analysis of
potential consequences, establishing the risk picture, risk evaluation, communication and
consultation and monitoring and review of risk assessment process refer NORSOK standard
Z-013:2010 on Risk and emergency preparedness assessment.

For detailed checklist of hazards and effects refer Annex D (table D.1) of ISO 17776.

Where risk potential is high (high on consequences), it would be desirable to carry out
quantitative risk assessment, to decide upon the extent of control measures required.

For guidance on quantitative risk assessment (QRA) during life cycle stages (concept
selection phase, concept definition, optimisation and detailed engineering phases,
operational phase) refer NORSOK standard Z-013:2010

6.0 Qualitative Risk Assessment

Following a systematic approach for the identification of hazards and the assessment of
associated risk is an essential prerequisite for an effective safety management system. The
information provided by this systematic hazard identification and assessment of risk, is
fundamental for decision making, on the need of introducing risk reduction measures.

Hazard identification should be carried out by using hazard identification methods such as
preliminary hazard analysis (PHA), what-if analysis, hazard checklist, hazard and operability
study (HAZOP), failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA), cause-consequence analysis
(CCA) and Human factors (interface between the human operators and the systems they
operate) analysis.

Likelihood is the possibility of something happening. Likelihood is based on probability and/or
frequency. Probability is number of chances an event may occur to the total number of
chances. It is expressed as a number in the range of 0 to 1. Frequency is a rate; how often an
event occurs within a stated time period and is defined as the reciprocal of the average time
between events, such as 1 per 1000 years.

In qualitative risk assessment likelihood of incident is based on qualitative assessment.

The judgement regarding the likelihood of the hazard actually causing harm is more difficult
than deciding on the consequence of the hazard. Typical factors affecting the analysis of
likelihood are:-


OISD-GDN- 232 6

The number of times the situation occurs
Duration of exposure
Quantity of materials involved
Condition of equipment
Competence of people involved
Environmental conditions
Distractions

The other important factors to take into account are the control measures already provided or
to be provided. In analysing the likelihood of harm, the risk assessor(s) must take into account
the possibility of in place control measures not being implemented due to human error, lack of
maintenance, difficulty in compliance, complexity of instructions, etc. It is essential to discover
how the task is actually carried out and base the assessment on this, rather than assessing
the likelihood on how the task is supposed to be carried out.

In qualitative risk assessment, the risk can be expressed as the direct product of the
probability of occurrence and the severity in relative term such as low, medium, high.

6.1. Risk matrix framework (from ISO 17776):

Consequence Increasing probability
S
e
v
e
r
i
t
y

r
a
t
i
n
g

P
e
o
p
l
e

A
s
s
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t
s

E
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t

R
e
p
u
t
a
t
i
o
n

A

Has
occurred
in E&P
Industry
B

Has
occurred
in the
operating
company
C

Occurr
ed
several
times a
year in
the
operati
ng
compa
ny
D

Occurr
ed
several
times a
year at
the
locatio
n

0 Zero
injury
Zero
damage
Zero
effect
Zero
Impact

Manage for continued
improvement (Low
risk hazards)

1 Slight
injury
Slight
damage
Slight
effect
Slight
impact
2 Minor
injury
Minor
damage
Minor
effect
Limited
impact

3 Major
injury
Local
damage
Local
effect
Consider
able
impact
Incorporat
e risk
reducing
measures
(Medium
risk
hazards)

4 Single
fatality
Major
damage
Major
effect
Major
national
impact

5 Multipl
e
fataliti
es
Extensiv
e
damage
Massiv
e effect
Major
internatio
nal
impact
Fail to meet screening criteria
(High risk hazards)


OISD-GDN- 232 7

6.2. Screening criteria for risk assessment

Screening criteria for risk assessment should be appropriate for the hazards identified and
should reflect best practice as per national or international standards. Diligence should be
exercised when screening out low probability / high consequence events. The person(s)
carrying out the risk assessment should not become too obsessed with the figures. One of the
objectives of the risk assessment is to identify the additional control measures; that need to
be implemented and these figures are designed to assist with the prioritisation of such
measures. The objective of this process is not to arrive at a certain number but to provide a
systematic method of ensuring that consequence and likelihood ratings are analysed
carefully. For qualitative assessments: it is possible to use a risk matrix to compare options
and the value of risk-reducing measures. Also records of the analysis should be made for
future reference and review.

6.3. Risk reduction measures

Hazardous event occurs when the hazards potential to cause harm is realised. In order to
prevent a hazard being realised, risk reducing measures or barriers are required. Barriers
may be either physical, such as shields, isolation, separation, protective devices, etc. or non-
physical measures, such as procedures, alarm systems, training, drills, etc.

Hierarchy of risk reducing measures prevention, detection, mitigation and emergency
response should be followed. Control measures / barriers have to be divided in two categories
preventive measures and protective measures. Preventive measures have objective of
reducing probability of occurrence. Protective measures (also called residual risk control)
have objective of mitigating the effects of hazard situations. Protective measures should be
considered after possible preventive measures.

Hierarchy of control: Elimination; Substitution; Engineering controls; Administration controls
and PPE should be followed during identification of control measures.

Elimination is removal of hazard by eliminating a requirement to carry out the task, use of
particular equipment or use of a chemical.

Substitution is replacement of the material; plant- equipment, process; or work practice with a
less hazardous one.

Engineering controls reduce the reliance on human factors. Engineering controls can be
redesign of equipment, redesign of process or increase of automation. Engineering controls
also include changes in layout separation distances, ventilation, guards, enclosures,
firewalls etc.

Administration controls are the procedural aspects of managing hazards, such as planned
and preventive maintenance programmes, standard operating procedures (SOP), work permit
system and competence of personnel.

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is the last and least effective control method because it
relies on human behaviour.

Risk reducing measures in case of low risk hazards include: controls as per general
workplace practices and procedures, based on job safety analysis (JSA). JSA is covered in
detail in section 6.4.

Risk reducing measures in case of medium risk hazards include: availability of barriers or
controls for prevention and mitigation of hazards; controls as per workplace practices and
procedures based on job safety analysis (JSA).


OISD-GDN- 232 8

Risk reducing measures for high risk hazards should include:
a. For each cause of hazard, identify the barriers to prevent the release of hazard.
b. For every hazard, identify the barriers to reduce the consequences and/or facilitate
the recovery from the consequences.
c. For each identified barrier:
Identify the critical task / activities required to ensure barriers are in place,
working effectively and their integrity is maintained.
Identify the resources and competencies required for the barriers to be
implemented and effective.
Identify where barrier is referred in safety management system.
Identify any factors that prevent such barriers from being defeated, removed
from service or any reduction or elimination of their effectiveness. Identify any
compensatory barriers and the associated activities, resources,
competencies to address such barrier defeating factors.

Risk reduction measures should include:
a. Preventive measures such as using inherently safer designs and ensuring asset
integrity; SOPs; to prevent incidents or reduce the probability of occurrence of
incidents and to control incidents (limit the extent and duration of a hazardous event).
b. Mitigating measures to mitigate the effects or reduce the consequences.
c. Measures to recover from incidents taking into account possible failures of the
control.
Preventive measures should be emphasised.

In case of failure of barriers provided to prevent occurring of a hazardous event, mitigating
measures to bring the situation to normal are required.

Examples of mitigating measures are fire and gas detection systems, active and passive fire
protection including fire water systems, evacuation systems, emergency procedures etc.

All measures taken following a hazardous event are known as emergency response. For
guidance on emergency preparedness and response, refer OISD-GDN-227.

Selection of risk reduction measures should be based on sound engineering principles and
common sense.

Risk Matrix (based on ISO 17776, as explained above) is suggested below, which can be
used for qualitative risk assessment.

Sl.
No.
Work
Activi
ty
Associat
ed
Hazards
Control
measures
in place
Probability Consequences Risk
Level
(Low /
Mediu
m /
High)
Remarks*
P
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o
p
l
e

A
s
s
e
t
s

E
n
v
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o
n
m
e
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t

R
e
p
u
t
a
t
i
o
n

* Remarks should specify, in case of medium and high risk levels, whether these risk levels
are because of inherent hazardous nature of the activity OR because of deficiencies in control
measures. In case of latter, action(s) in hand to remove deficiencies should be recorded.


OISD-GDN- 232 9

The risk matrix should include all the emergency scenarios considered in the Emergency
Response Plan of the installation.

Risk matrix should be treated as a live document, to be updated periodically to reflect the
action(s) taken related to deficient control measures besides incorporating new hazards (due
to change in process parameters, plant modifications, change of personnel, learning from
incidents etc.).

6.4. Job safety analysis

Job safety analysis (JSA) is a systematic stepwise review of all risk factors prior to an activity
or operation, with an objective of ensuring operational safety. JSA or job hazard analysis
(JHA) is a qualitative method of assessing risks for a particular job. JSA helps in identifying
the measures to be taken for eliminating or reducing identified hazards, and integrating
accepted safety standards and practices into a particular task or job operation. The terms job
or task are commonly used interchangeably for a specific work assignment.

JSAs are not suitable for jobs defined too broadly, for example drilling a well; or too narrowly,
for example, placing power tong on tool joint. Following category of jobs should be
considered for JSA:
a. Jobs where incidents occur frequently
b. Where the potential consequences of accidents are severe (in case of infrequent
incidents)
c. Newly established jobs
d. Modified jobs / changed job procedures
e. Non routine infrequently performed jobs

Job or activity is defined in terms of the work to be performed and JSA is carried out by
breaking down the job or activity into a number of logical (correct sequence) steps to be
taken; to accomplish the task. A step is the segment of the operation, necessary to move
ahead the work process. It is expressed as what is done rather than how it is done. Care
should be taken for not to miss specific steps and associated hazards. JSA should not
attempt to uncover individual unsafe act(s). A number of questions are asked for each step, in
order to identify hazards, potential consequences and risks associated with that particular
step. The job, not the individual is being studied to make it safer by identifying hazards and
required control measures. Potential hazard is identified by listing what can go wrong at each
step. Use of a checklist can help in identifying all the potential hazards. Control measures (as
per hierarchy of risk reducing measures); both precautions and contingency measures that
should be taken are identified, for each hazard to reduce the risks. In listing of the control
measures, general statements such as be careful, use PPE, and use caution etc. should
be avoided. Specific statements describing what action(s) is to be taken and how it can be
performed should be preferred.

Documented work method statement identifying the job / work activity, environmental context,
key processes involved, and the equipment used; are used as basis to facilitate job safety
analysis.

Operating procedures incorporate clear instructions and all controls; necessary to manage the
hazards associated with the job steps (identified through the process of JSA). Controls may
include but are not limited to tools and equipment to be used, supervision and assistance
required, work permits, safety observers, emergency response measures and personal
protective equipment.

Generally JSA is carried out by observing actual performance of the job (for the jobs being
performed frequently).


OISD-GDN- 232 10

Advantage of JSA is that it is carried out by involving persons, with varied experience,
responsible for performing the particular job, which helps in promoting acceptance of the
operating procedures. Additional advantage is that it increases job knowledge of participants
and safety awareness is increased. JSA can be used as benchmark for safety inspections or
observations and is also useful for carrying out comprehensive accident investigations.

SOPs should be revised whenever there is change in equipment, raw materials, processes,
procedure, the environment, personnel (new / inexperienced personnel) and after any incident
linked with the particular JSA.

6.5. Functional requirements

Functional requirements (also known as performance standards) are performance criteria
which should be satisfied to meet the objective of the control measure. Due emphasis on
establishing functional requirements and monitoring of control measures against the
established functional requirements would ensure risk control. Functional requirements
should be realistic (achievable) and verifiable. Periodic review of functional requirements
should be carried out to ensure their continuous suitability.

For identifying the critical equipment, systems and procedures, for which functional
requirements (performance standards) are to be established, following factors should be
considered:
a. Should make a significant contribution for controlling risk.
b. The measures selected should be directly relevant to the achievement of the system
goals.
c. The measures selected should be capable of verification.

Functional requirements for control measures should include:
a. Parameters which are clearly identifiable.
b. Operational criteria which are essential for control of risk.
c. Directly verifiable criteria which do not require extensive computational effort.
d. Recording of data to confirm compliance with functional requirements.

Functional requirements should ensure that barriers, safety functions or safety systems:
Are suitable and fully effective for the type of identified hazards
Have sufficient capacity for the duration of hazards
Have adequate response time to fulfill its role
Are suitable for operating conditions envelope
Have sufficient availability to match the frequency of the initiating event (hazard)

Examples of functional requirements for drilling, production and well servicing are given in
sections 7.1, 7.2 and 7.3 respectively.

To the extent possible, functional requirements should be part of operating procedures and
operational activity records. This reduces duplication of efforts and increases the probability
that task is carried out in diligent and efficient manner.


OISD-GDN- 232 11

7.0 Generic Checklists of Hazards and Risk Reduction Measures for E&P Industry

A checklist is generally the quickest and easiest method of hazards and risk assessment,
and is very effective in the control of risk arising from standard, well understood hazards.
The use of checklists based upon the requirements laid out in codes and standards is very
effective in identifying compliance with standard industry practices and highlighting aspects
which require further investigation.

The generic checklists (annexure 1,2 and 3) listing hazards and risk reducing measures for
E&P industry have been prepared for guidance.

During use of these checklists following considerations should be kept in view:
Checklist may be modified, depending upon the specific application.
It should be conscientiously applied, in order to evaluate whether industry
standard procedures are being followed and to identify aspects that requires
further attention.
Checklists should be reviewed and updated regularly to incorporate new
experience by the company and industry, including the results from any incident
investigation.

7.1 Drilling and related operations

In case of on land drilling rigs, the activities include planning and design of wells, rig
transportation, rig building, drilling operations, well completion & testing and rig dismantling.

In case of offshore rig operations marine operations and helicopter operations etc. are to be
included in addition to above activities.

Hazards and required control measures should be identified for drilling operations, jointly by
the operator and rig owner / drilling contractor. Experience from similar operations and other
wells in the same field should be utilised. JSA is very useful for operational safety during
drilling operations. Drillers HAZOP, a version of HAZOP developed for drilling operations, can
identify the hazardous or unacceptable situations (as causes of deviation from design
intention i.e. normal safe operations) through operability study and hazard analysis qualifies
the effects (consequences). Simultaneous operations should be carried out only after
identifying hazards due to simultaneous operations and establishing control measures. Refer
OISD-GDN-186 on Simultaneous Operations in E&P Industry.

Screening criteria for risk acceptance can be regulatory requirements, environmental
discharge limits, well barrier design, national / international industry standards and class
requirements (for offshore operations).

Functional requirements related to risk reducing measures should be continuously monitored
during drilling operations.

These include:
a. Well integrity ensuring two barriers.
b. Integrity and performance of well control equipment.
c. Performance of safety systems hydrocarbon and toxic gas detectors, fire fighting
systems.
d. Fit for purpose status of drilling equipment including mast, structure and hoisting
equipment.
e. Emergency response measures including safe closure of well, times for mustering,
mobilisation of fire fighting and rescue teams, mobilisation of man-overboard rescue


OISD-GDN- 232 12

boats, evacuation and rescue procedures and mobilisation of oil-spill response
facilities.
f. Mooring and station-keeping capability vis-a-vis weather limits for particular
operations.
g. Performance and operational limits for well testing equipment and systems.
h. Competence of personnel.
i. Environmental discharge limits.
j. Limitations for simultaneous operations.

Checklist for drilling and related operations is placed at annexure 1.

7.2 Production, processing and related operations

Installation specific hazard identification and required control measures should cover all the
activities associated with the installation. It should include the activities at the associated
facilities such as well monitoring and surveillance, well intervention, well stimulation, flow line
maintenance etc. Hazardous situations or near misses encountered at the installation (and
also at similar other installations of the company and other nearby companies) should form
part of the hazards identification process.

In case of offshore operations marine operations and helicopter operations etc. are to be

Identification of hazards and required control measures for production, processing and related
operations should consider complete lifecycle including planning, design, construction /
installation, commissioning, operations and decommissioning. Selection of hazard and risk
assessment method should be based on the particular stage of lifecycle under consideration.
HAZOP analysis should be carried out for identification of hazards during non-routine
operations. During major modifications to the installation QRA may be undertaken. Hazards
due to human error, incorrect operation and faulty maintenance should be imparted due
consideration. Simultaneous operations should be carried out only after identifying hazards
due to simultaneous operations and establishing control measures. Refer OISD-GDN-186 on
Simultaneous Operations in E&P Industry.

discharge limits and national / international industry standards.

Functional requirements related to risk reducing measures should be continuously monitored.

These include:
a. Inspection and maintenance procedures and frequencies to ensure the required
reliability and availability of the critical systems.
b. Operating parameters limitations including pressures, temperatures and flowrates.
c. Performance of safety systems hydrocarbon and toxic gas detectors, fire detectors,
fire fighting systems, shut-down systems (including relief).
d. Fit for purpose status of production equipment including vessels, storage tanks and
piping and associated process control devices and safety devices.
e. Fit for purpose status of underwater structure and pipelines (in offshore operations).
f. Emergency response measures including times for mustering, mobilisation of fire
fighting and rescue teams, mobilisation of man-overboard rescue boats, evacuation
and rescue procedures and mobilisation of oil-spill response facilities.
g. Limitations on hydrocarbon and other hazardous inventories.
h. Competence of personnel and manning levels / manning limitations.


OISD-GDN- 232 13

i. Environmental discharge limits.
j. Limitations for simultaneous operations.
k. Procedures and arrangements for control of deviations and non-conformities and
records of such events along with their possible effects should be maintained.
l. Job Safety Analysis may be carried out for non-routine jobs

Checklist for production, processing and related operations is placed at annexure 2.

7.3 Well servicing and related operations

In case of workover rigs, the activities include, rig transportation, rig building, workover
operations, well completion & testing and rig dismantling.

In case of offshore operations marine operations and helicopter operations etc. are to be

Hazards and required control measures should be identified for well servicing operations,
jointly by operator and rig owner / well servicing contractor. Experience from similar
operations and other wells in the same field should be utilised. JSA is very useful for
operational safety during well servicing operations. HAZOP analysis of well servicing and
completion can also be carried out to identify specific hazards. Simultaneous operations
should be carried out only after identifying hazards due to simultaneous operations and
establishing control measures. Refer OISD-GDN-186 on Simultaneous Operations in E&P
Industry.

discharge limits, well barrier design, national / international industry standards and class
requirements (for offshore operations).

Functional requirements related to risk reducing measures should be continuously monitored
during well servicing operations.

These include:
a. Well integrity ensuring two barriers.
b. Integrity and performance of well control equipment.
c. Performance of safety systems hydrocarbon or toxic gas detectors, fire fighting
systems.
d. Fit for purpose status of well servicing equipment including mast, structure and
hoisting equipment.
e. Emergency response measures including safe closure of wells, times for mustering,
mobilisation of fire fighting and rescue teams, mobilisation of man-overboard rescue
boats, evacuation and rescue procedures and mobilisation of oil-spill response
facilities.
f. Performance and operational limits for well testing equipment and systems.
g. Competence of personnel.
h. Environmental discharge limits.
i. Limitations for simultaneous operations.

Checklist for well servicing and related operations is placed at annexure 3.


OISD-GDN- 232 14

8.0 References:

1. IADC: HSE Case guidelines part 4.

2. ISO 17776 2000: Petroleum and natural gas industries Offshore production
installations Guidelines on tools and techniques for hazard identification and risk
assessment.

3. ISO 31000-2009: Risk management Principles and guidelines

4. Marine Safety Forum: Risk Assessment, MODU move operations.

5. NORSOK standard D-010: Well Integrity in Drilling and Well Operations.

6. NORSOK standard Z-013-2010: Risk and emergency preparedness assessment.

7. OLF Recommended Guidelines 090-2006: Common Model for Safe Job Analysis
(SJA).

8. OSHA-U.S Department of Labor: Job Hazard Analysis OSHA 3071 2002.

9. OISD-STD-105: Work Permit System

10. OISD-STD-106: Process design and operating philosophies on pressure relief and
disposal system

11. OISD-STD-113: Classification of Area for electrical installations at Hydrocarbon
processing and handling facilities

12. OISD-STD-117: Fire Protection Facilities for Petroleum Depots, Terminals, Pipeline
Installations and Lube Oil Installations

13. OISD-STD-118: Layouts for Oil and Gas Installations

14. OISD-STD-119: Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Pumps

15. OISD-STD-120: Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Compressors

16. OISD-STD-125: Inspection and Maintenance of Mechanical Seals

17. OISD-STD-128: Inspection of unfired pressure vessels

18. OISD-STD-129: Inspection of storage tanks

19. OISD-STD-132: Inspection of pressure relieving devices

20. OISD-STD-133: Inspection of fired heaters

21. OISD-STD-137: Inspection of electrical equipment

22. OISD-STD-138: Inspection of cross country pipelines Onshore

23. OISD-STD-139: Inspection of pipelines Offshore

24. OISD-STD-157: Recommended Practice for Transportation of Bulk Petroleum
Products


OISD-GDN- 232 15

25. OISD-GDN-166: Guidelines for Occupational Health Monitoring in Oil and Gas
Industry

26. OISD-RP-174: Well Control

27. OISD- STD-183: Standard on Logging Operations

28. OISD- GDN-186: Simultaneous Operations in Exploration & Production industry

29. OISD-STD-187: Care And Use Of Wire Rope

30. OISD-STD-189: Fire Protection System For onshore Drilling Rigs, Work Over Rigs
And Oil/Gas Production Installations

31. OISD-RP-190: Derrick Floor Operations

32. OISD-RP-201: Environment Management in Exploration & Production Sector

33. OISD-GDN-202: Inspection of Drilling and Workover Rig Mast / Sub-Structure
Inspection of Drilling and Workover Rig Mast / Sub-Structure

34. OISD-GDN-203: Operation, Maintenance & Inspection Of Hoisting Equipment

35. OISD-RP-205: Crane Operation, Maintenance and Testing (For upstream)

36. OISD-GDN-206: Guidelines on Safety Management System in Petroleum Industry

37. OISD-STD-216: Electrical Safety In Onshore Drilling And Workover Rigs

38. OISD-GDN-218: Guidelines For Safe Rig- Up And Rig- Down Of Drilling And Work-
Over Rigs

39. OISD-GDN-227: Emergency Response and Preparedness in E&P Industry


OISD-GDN- 232 16

Annexure 1

Checklist for drilling and related operations

Activity: Drilling and Completion
S.
No.
Sub activity Anticipated Hazards Risk Reducing measures
1. Planning of
well

Selection of
rig

Drilling and
completion
operations

1. Loss of
containment /
uncontrolled flow
of well fluid due
to:

a. Improper well
design or
programme
including mud
policy

b. Drilling into
unexpected high
pressure
formation

c. Loss of
hydrostatic
pressure due to
mud loss

d. Failure to fill the
well during
tripping / casing
lowering

e. Swabbing /
surging

f. Casing integrity
failure

g. Gas absorption /
gas cut mud
leading to loss of
hydrostatic
pressure

h. Failure of well
control equipment

i. Inadequate
competence of
personnel

j. Loss of position
Preventive

1. Analyse offset well data and review pressure
prediction.

2. Review well design & well drilling program,
ensuring kick tolerance. BHA design should
minimise swabbing / surging.

3. Ensure two independent barriers during all
phases of well drilling /completion; for details
on barriers refer NORSK standard D-010.

4. Assessment of drilling contractor procedures,
rig equipment and manpower competency
before selection of rig & contractor, and
performance monitoring during drilling
operations.

5. Ensuring availability of required competent
personnel, during planning and operations.
Also ensuring competence of crew to
recognise influx into well bore as early as
possible (having accredited well control
training & certification and carrying out drills).

6. Monitoring of pore pressure indicators and
drilling fluid properties / parameters (pit
volume, flow rate, Specific gravity etc.).
Alarms should be set at appropriate levels
and tested periodically.

7. Adherence to well control policy / procedures
(refer OISD-RP-174):

Installation, maintenance and inspection of
well control equipment / BOP stacks as per
applicable industry standards (refer OISD-
RP-174).

Well control equipment / BOPs tested as per
industry standards (refer OISD-RP-174).

Special considerations during tripping - trip
tank, trip sheet records, flow check, control
of tripping speed etc. (refer OISD-RP-174).

Carrying out LOT / PIT for each section.


OISD-GDN- 232 17

k. Trapped gas in
riser / BOP stack

2. Ignition of
uncontrolled flow /
blow out leading
to hydrocarbon
fire.
Adequate stock of weighing material at the
rig.

Procedures for safe closure of well and
procedures to handle trapped gas / hydrate
formation in riser.

Testing of casing integrity.

Procedures to prevent casing damage.

Procedures for handling absorbed gas
should include use of MGS and degasser,
gas detection in drilling fluid area and level
alarms (MGS).

8. Periodic well control drills.

9. Control of ignition sources by ensuring fit for
purpose status of electrical equipment in
hazardous areas.

10. Job Safety Analysis.

Mitigating
11. Emergency preparedness as per OISD-
GDN-227.

12. Emergency preparedness to include:

Capability to mobilise own resources or /
and agreement with the well control
company (having required resources) for the
required equipment and services

Closure of well as per procedure

Escape to muster area

HC gas detectors

Mobilising fire fighting system

Evacuation procedures

Well kill procedures.
Release of toxic gas
(H
2
S)
Preventive

1. Well design should include measures for
handling H
2
S gas hazards in H
2
S known
areas.
2. The rig equipment should be appropriate
(meet requirements of industry standards


OISD-GDN- 232 18

NACE MR-01 75 / ISO 15156) for drilling wells
in H
2
S known areas.
3. Competent personnel, trained for handling H
2
S
environment.
4. Equipment for monitoring of H
2
S. For guidance
refer industry standards API-RP-49 and OISD-
RP-201.

Mitigating
Toxic gas detectors
Adequate availability of breathing apparatus
for rig crew
Medical facilities at the rig
6. Evacuation equipment and procedures
including medevec.
Shallow gas -
uncontrolled release of
gas
Preventive

1. Check offset data
2. Conduct shallow seismic survey / Check
seismic for any anomaly.
3. Avoid drilling in shallow gas area by
considering relocation of well, if possible,
otherwise prepare contingency plan.
4. Contingency plan use of diverter / drilling
pilot hole / controlled ROP / gas bubble watch
by ROV / use of float valve in drill string.

Mitigating
Dynamically killing of the well
Drop string and move to safe location
HC detectors installed and operational at the
rig.
1. Occupational
hazards such as:

Preventive

1. For general guidance refer OISD-RP-190 and


OISD-GDN- 232 19

a. Noise

b. Slip and fall

c. Electric shock

2. Man overboard
(offshore
operations)
API-RP-54.

2. SOP / JSA for offshore operations to cover
man overboard scenario.

Mitigating
3. Emergency preparedness for man overboard.
Emergency preparedness to include:
a. Rescue boat at the installation
b. Competent and trained crew to
manage rescue boat
S.
No.
2. Rig
movement
and rig
dismantling /
building (for
onshore) and
rig move and
placement
(for offshore)
1. Occupational
hazards such as:

a. Fall of material

b. Fall of person
from height

c. Road accident

d. Electrocution

e. Personnel getting
entangled in lines
during raising of
Mast.

f. Being struck by
swinging objects.

2. In case of offshore
rigs, hazards
include:

a. Change in
weather
conditions wind
speed, current,
wave height

b. Seabed conditions
/ stability

c. Punch through (in
case of jack up
rigs)

d. Water depth

e. Mooring / station
keeping systems

Preventive

1. Rig movement planning (onshore) including
route and site preparation survey, selection of
vehicles, cranes and lifting gear (such as wire
rope slings, lifting eye, lifting rope for mast
etc).
2. Electrical safety procedures including for
enroute overhead electrical lines.
3. Adherence to safe operating procedures
including driving practices. For detailed
guidance refer OISD-STD-187, OISD-GDN-
202, OISD-GDN-203, OISD-RP-205, OISD-
STD-216, and OISD-GDN-218.
4. Job safety analysis to address (refer OISD-
GDN-218):
Check and secure all objects (which can
fall) on the mast before raising / lowering
of mast
Use tag line
5. Rig movement planning (offshore) including
updated seabed survey, accurate field survey
data, location history, defined weather limits,
long term and short term weather forecast,
traffic survey, mooring analysis, review of
procedures - JSA / HAZOP, fit for purpose
equipment / towing vessel requirements /
capabilities clearly defined, vessel meets the
required specifications / have fitness certificate
(class or other), limitations of vessel, breakout
limits and strategies defined, minimum
separations and distances defined, agreed
and adhered to, integrated communication,


OISD-GDN- 232 20

f. Other nearby
assets such as
platform structure,
piping at platform,
pipelines at
seabed and
flowing wells at
platform etc.

g. Dynamic loading

h. Towing operation
fitness of tug
boat and anchor
handling
equipment,
vessel collision

i. Lack of marine
competence

j. Inadequate
procedures

k. Man overboard

l. Coordination
failure
communication
failure,
accountability not
defined
clear roles and responsibilities, competent
personnel familiar with operations, water tight
integrity checks, rig loading plan, joint
emergency procedures etc.
6. Pre move meeting (for offshore) attended by
operator representative, rig contractor,
surveyor and other service providers.
7. Shut down of wells on platform (offshore)
during rig move and proper preloading
guidelines to be adhered to.
8. Competent persons including crane operator,
trailer drivers, slingers, rig building crew,
supervisors, and marine competence for
MODU / towing vessel.
9. Working at height use of fall prevention
devices, man overboard precautions for
offshore operations.
10. Safe handling of chemicals.
11. Use of specified PPE.

Mitigating
12. Emergency procedures should include
interfacing with contractors / service providers.
S.
No.
3. Derrick floor
Operations
During handling of
tubular, occupational
hazards due to:

a. Swinging blocks
hitting derrick

b. Swinging pipe

c. Rolling / falling of
tubular from pipe
rack

d. Fall of object

e. Hit by moving
object

f. Slip / trip of
person at derrick
floor
Preventive

1. For JSA refer Tubular Handling appraisal
procedure guidelines of IADC, drill floor safety
document of Step Change in Safety and
OISD-RP-190.
2. Use of body harness / safety belt

Mitigating
3. Emergency preparedness should include
medical facilities and medical evacuation
procedures.


OISD-GDN- 232 21

g. Fall of person
from derrick floor /
monkey board

h. Trapped in
between moving
objects

i. Pinch points at
pipe, elevator
links, elevator and
slip handles

j. Strain while lifting
slips
During making /
breaking a connection,
Occupational hazards
due to:

a. Swinging pipe

b. Pinch points at slip
handles

c. Pinch points at
pipe, elevator links,
elevator, slip
handles and tongs

d. Strain while lifting
slips

e. Slipping / swinging
of tong

f. Breaking of tong
lines

g. Fall of object

h. Hit by moving
object

d. Slip / trip of person
at derrick floor

i. Trapped in
between moving
objects

j. Chemical hazards
due to mud splash

Preventive

OISD-RP-190.

2. Adherence to safe operating procedures. For
detailed guidance refer OISDSTD-187,
OISD-RP-190.

Mitigating
procedures.

During tripping,
occupational hazards
due to:
Preventive



OISD-GDN- 232 22

a. Swinging blocks
hitting derrick

b. Swinging pipe

c. Pinch points at
elevator, slip
handles and tongs

slips

of tong

f. Breaking of tong
lines

e. Fall of object

f. Hit by moving
object

g. Slip at derrick floor

h. Fall of person
including falling
from mast ladder /
monkey board

i. Trapped in
between moving
objects

j. Chemical hazards
due to mud splash

1. Travelling block
hitting the Crown
block / derrick floor

2. Failure of
hydromatic / eddy
current brake

3. Failure of main
drum brake

4. Rotary movement,
in case rotary table
is used to spin drill
string

5. Uncontrolled flow
of well fluid / blow
out
OISD-RP-190.

detailed guidance refer OISD-STD-187, OISD-
RP-190.

3. Ensure that Crown-o-matic / twin stop device
is installed and working properly. (Regularly
check the device for effective functioning)

4. Inspection and maintenance of draw works
main drum brake, hydromatic / eddy current
brake, tongs, slips, wire ropes, elevators etc.

5. Use of mechanical equipment such as pipe
spinner, automatic slips, pipe handling
equipment, kelly spinner or top drive etc. to
eliminate the occupational hazards.

6. Emergency Escape Device (EED).

7. Slip resistance surface at derrick floor.

8. Before breaking out Kelly, stop mud pump,
close mud saver valve on kelly, use mud
bucket, use pipe wiper etc.

9. Fall prevention at monkey board and mast
ladder.

10. Competent personnel.

11. Keeping hole full during tripping; for details
refer OISD-RP-174.

12. Good housekeeping and use of specified PPE.

Mitigating
procedures.


OISD-GDN- 232 23

S.
No.
4. Handling of
drilling fluid
due to:

a. Chemical
exposure

b. Mechanical hazard
of moving /
rotating equipment

c. Noise

d. Material handling

e. Toxic gas (H2S)

Preventive

1. Proper design / specifications of equipment.

2. Inspection and maintenance of equipment.

3. SOP / Job safety analysis

4. Competent personnel

5. H
2
S detection system

6. MSDS and use of specified PPE


Mitigating
provisions of face showers, medical facilities
and medical evacuation procedures.
5.

Logging 1. Uncontrolled flow
out during logging
operation

2. Occupational
hazards due to:

a. Neutron radiation

b. Gamma rays

3. Mechanical failure
of wire line /
equipment

Preventive

1. Installation, maintenance and inspection of
applicable industry standards.

2. Adherence to well control policy / procedures.

3. Keep close watch on well during logging for
any indication of well activity.

4. Only competent personnel to carry out job.

5. SOP /JSA including procedures for handling
well control situations.

6. For recommended practices refer OISD- STD-
183.

7. Restricted work area

8. Use of specified PPE

Mitigating
9. Emergency preparedness

6. Perforation 1. Uncontrolled flow
out during
perforation
operation
Preventive



OISD-GDN- 232 24

2. Occupational
hazards during
handling of
explosives due to:

a. Uncontrolled
detonation /
surface
detonation

b. Explosion



183 and API-RP-67.


6. Procedures should include:

Switching off wireless communication
equipment

Electrical isolation

Restricted operations

Monitoring equipment for stray currents

Protection for lightening

Proper gun design

Weather conditions

Adequate communication

Restricted work area


Mitigating

8. Emergency preparedness.

7. Cementation 1. Uncontrolled flow
out during
cementation
operation

2. Occupational
hazards due to:

a. Chemical
exposure /
respiratory hazard

moving / rotating
equipment

c. Slip, trip and fall

d. Noise
Preventive


2. Inspection, maintenance and testing of
equipment including cementing lines.

3. Operating within the pressure limit / provision
of PSV.

4. Securing high pressure lines.


6. SOP and JSA




OISD-GDN- 232 25

e. Material handling,
falling of material

3. Liquid at pressure

Mitigating

8. Well testing 1. Loss of
containment due
to:

a. Well equipment
failure including
packer

b. Testing
equipment failure

c. Swabbing

d. Loss of completion
fluid.

2. Loss of
containment
leading to fire and
explosion.

Preventive

1. Design of the equipment as per industry
standards.

equipment.


4. SOP / JSA

5. For recommended practices refer OISD- GDN-
182 and API-RP-54.


Safe handling of well fluid considering
flow restrictions, if any (due to separator
capacity / flare capacity / pressure safety
valve discharge capacity).


Mitigating


9. Electrical 1. Electric shock due
to:

a. Unsafe
equipment

b. Unsafe
environment

c. Unsafe work
practices

2. Fire
Preventive

1. Effective grounding as per industry standards
(refer OISD-STD-216)

2. Requirements of Indian electricity rules 1956
with respect to electric lighting should be met.

3. Effective insulation

4. Equipment in protective environment meeting
area classification requirements.

5. Inspection of protective devices / tripping
devices such as relays / fuses / circuit
breakers (refer OISD-STD-137).

6. SOP including:
Safe distances from live parts / overhead
lines
De-energising and energising for
maintenance and testing activities
Tag out / lock out to prevent accidental


OISD-GDN- 232 26

start
Periodic inspection and testing
procedures
Interfacing of electrical lock out permit
with cold / hot work permit

7. Trained competent personnel

8. Earth leakage protection device with sensitivity
< 30mA (for time < 1 sec) for all lighting and
socket outlet circuits.


Mitigating


S.
No.
10. Miscellaneou
s drilling
related
activities.

During handling of
diesel fuels:

1. Loss of
containment

2. Fire
Preventive

1. Inspection / health check, maintenance and
testing of storage tanks and associated
equipment including hoses / pipelines.

2. SOP should include safe receipt / unloading of
diesel from tanker / vessel. For SOP and JSA
refer OISD-STD-157 and OISD-STD-216.



Mitigating

5. Emergency preparedness should include:
Secondary containment
Fire fighting system

During handling of
pressurised gas
cylinders:

1. Loss of
containment

2. Explosion
Preventive

1. Inspection / health check of cylinders and gas
cutting equipment.

2. Safe storage of cylinders.

3. SOP and JSA

4. For recommended practices refer API-RP-54

Mitigating

For Lines under Preventive


OISD-GDN- 232 27

pressure:

1. Over pressure
loss of
containment

1. Selection of vessels and pipeline of required
pressure rating based on the design as per

2. Inspection (including periodic health check)
and testing of lines.

3. Operating within design pressure envelope.
Provision of pressure safety valves at
appropriate locations.

4. Inspection, calibration and testing of PSVs.

5. SOP and JSA

6. Ensure personnel stand clear of pressurized
lines during cementation / well control / testing
procedures.


Mitigating

In case of personnel
working at height:

1. Fall of person
Preventive

1. Fall prevention equipment full body harness,
life jacket, life line / retractable line, tag line
etc.

2. SOP / JSA

Mitigating

In case of objects
overhead:

1. Fall of objects
Preventive

1. SOP / JSA

2. Personnel should stay clear of suspended,
hoisted or moving loads.

3. Tag lines should be used, where appropriate.


Mitigating

During Welding:

1. Burn injury

Preventive

1. Safe welding area / hot work permit refer
OISD-STD-105


OISD-GDN- 232 28

2. Fire
2. SOP / JSA

or ANSI Z 49.

4. Use of specified PPE (head to toe protection).

5. Ventilation

6. Monitoring of Hydrocarbons


8. Fire watch

Mitigating
9. Emergency preparedness should include fire
watch and fire protection.

In case of equipment
with rotating or moving
parts:

1. Pinch points at
power tongs,
elevators and
slips.

2. Unguarded moving
parts of air winch,
draw works.

3. Travelling block

Preventive

1. SOP / JSA

2. Guards on moving parts


During crane / lifting
operations:

1. Unrestrained /
swinging loads

2. Overload

3. Equipment failure

4. Unsuitable lifting
equipment

5. Space constraints

6. Abnormal weather

7. Simultaneous
operations

Preventive

1. Inspection and ensuring integrity of lifting
equipment.

2. Permit to work / SOP / JSA

3. For recommended practices refer OISD-RP-
205.

4. Load indicators, load limit charts / limit
switches

5. Competent personnel (all crew - supervisor /
signal man / crane operator / rigger)

6. Pre-lift load inspections, pre-slung loads,
certified lifting gears.

7. Pre-planned load paths / use of tag lines.


OISD-GDN- 232 29

8. Specified operations limit for rough weather.

9. Warning (signal / horn) during movement of
load.

10. Effective communication.

11. Appropriate manning levels.


Mitigating

Due to weather
conditions:

1. Strong winds

2. Heavy rains

Preventive

1. System of getting accurate weather forecast
from two independent sources / agencies. For
offshore weather reliable and functioning
monitoring devices at the rig and watch
keeping at bridge.

2. SOP / JSA with specified boundary conditions
weather limits for safe operations.

3. Rescheduling of activities to avoid the
possibility of severe weather conditions during
sensitive operations.

Mitigating

Health related:

1. Over exposure
to noise
Preventive

1. Consideration of noise levels during selection
of equipment and reduction of noise level for
machinery in use.

2. Minimization of time in noisy environment

3. Isolation of high noise areas and ensuring
integrity of sound proofing materials (if
applicable).

4. Warning signs / personnel access restrictions

5. Hearing protection / Use of specified PPE

Mitigating


OISD-GDN- 232 30

6. Medical plan - periodic hearing / audiometric
tests of personnel exposed to high noise areas

Working in confined
spaces:

1. Hazardous gas /
environment

2. Fall of person

3. Fire

Preventive

1. Work permit / SOP / JSA

2. For recommended practices refer OISD-STD-
105

3. Equipment required / respiratory protection
and fall protection


5. Buddy system / co-worker


Mitigating
7. Emergency preparedness as per OISD-GDN-
227.

During marine
operations, vessel
collision leading to:

1. Structural damage
of the rig

2. Loss of rig (hull)
integrity

3. Loss of vessel
(supply vessel /
tug boat) integrity

of the platform

Preventive

1. SOP (joint procedures with marine vessel
operator) / JSA for vessel operations following
industry standards with specified boundary
conditions weather limits for safe operations.

2. Fit for purpose status of vessel including its
station keeping ability.

3. Competent personnel at both vessel and rig to
manage interface.

4. Weather forecast.

Mitigating

During Helicopter
operations, loss of
control / crash of
helicopter due to:

1. Extreme weather

2. Helicopter /
equipment failure

3. Pilot error

Preventive

1. SOP (joint procedures with helicopter
operator) / JSA for helicopter operations at the
rig.

2. Airworthiness of helicopter

3. Layout / orientation of rig - helideck

4. Competent personnel helideck crew / HLO


OISD-GDN- 232 31

4. Obstruction in
landing / takeoff
path

5. Helideck structure
failure
5. Communication between helicopter and rig

6. Availability of weather forecast and weather
monitoring instruments at the rig.

Mitigating
interfacing with contractors / service providers,
fire fighting system at helideck, provision of
standby vessel and all personnel trained for
HUET.


OISD-GDN- 232 32

Annexure- 2

Checklist for production and related operations

S.
No.
1.

Well fluid
processing
and
separation
1. Over pressure

2. Under pressure

3. Liquid overflow

4. Loss of
containment due to
equipment failure

5. Fire

6. Low liquid level /
gas blowby

Preventive

1. Separator should be designed as per
industry standards such as API SPEC 12J.
Safety devices {like High Pressure Sensor
(PSH), Low Pressure Sensor (PSL),
Pressure Safety Valve (PSV), High Level
Sensor (LSH), Low Level Sensor (LSL),
Check Valve, and High Temperature Sensor
(TSH)} are installed. (Safety devices should
be designed , installed and tested as per
industry standard such as API-RP-14C for
Offshore Installations)

2. Safety devices are maintained and calibrated
at regular intervals. PSV should be
maintained and calibrated as per OISD-STD-
132.
3. Adequately sized piping and valves (refer
OISD-STD-106 and OISD-STD-109). Outlet
of PSV shall be discharged safely as per
OISD- STD-106.
4. Adequate ventilation or provision of
combustible gas detectors to shut-off
hydrocarbon source.
5. Each input source protected by safety
devices like PSH, PSL and PSV.
6. Separator should be equipped with devices
to control process parameters like level
controller, pressure controller, and
temperature controller.
7. Process control devices (Level controller,
Pressure Controller, Temperature Controller)
should be maintained on regular intervals.
8. Provision of make-up gas system if pressure
vessel is subjected to under-pressure that
could cause it to collapse.
9. Application of electrical standards and
recommended practices such as API RP


OISD-GDN- 232 33

500, API RP 14 F.
10. Location of equipment as per standards such
as API RP 14J.
11. Safe operating procedures
12. Integrity Management. Health check of
separator and accessories should be carried
out as per OISD-STD-128 to ensure its
integrity.
13. Job safety analysis / SOP refer OISD GDN
206.
15. Confined space entry procedures work
permit system (refer OISD-STD-105).

Mitigating

16. ESD /containment / blow down system.

17. Safe distances between equipment as per
OISD-STD-118 (in on land operations).

18. Fire protection (cooling) as per OISD-STD-
189. (in on land operations) API-RP-14G or
ISO 13702 for offshore operations.

19. Emergency response preparedness as per
OISD-STD-227

2. Oil and Gas
Transportatio
n through
Pipelines
1. Loss of
containment,
failure of pipeline
due to:

a. Over pressure

b. Corrosion /
erosion

c. Mechanical
damage

2. Damage caused by
third party which
includes digging
(onshore) and
marine hazards of
vessel collision and
anchors of vessels
(offshore)

Preventive

1. The pipeline should be designed and
installed for operating parameters (nature of
fluid, pressure, temperature) following
applicable industry standards. Safety devices
{like High Pressure Sensor (PSH), Low
Pressure Sensor (PSL), Pressure Safety
Valve (PSV), and Check Valve} are installed.
at regular intervals.
3. Proper design to take care that MAWP is
greater than maximum shut in pressure. The
pipelines should have PSV (If required,
based on design and operating parameters)
and maintained & calibrated as per OISD-
STD- 132.


OISD-GDN- 232 34

3. Fire

4. Explosion

4. Integrity Management. Inspection / health
check of pipelines (including status of
corrosion protection systems) should be
carried as per applicable industry standards
including OISD-STD-138 for onshore
pipelines, OISD-STD-139 for offshore
pipelines and OISD-STD-130 for inspection
of piping system.
5. Pipelines should be provided with external
anti corrosion coating.
6. Pressure in pipelines should be monitored on
regular basis.
8. Repair procedures as per industry standards.
9. Job safety analysis / SOP

Mitigating
10. Emergency response preparedness
11. Depending upon risk assessment provision
of auto isolation / alarm in case of leakage.
12. ESD system.
S.
No.
3. Heating of
well fluid (in
fired vessels,
tube type
heater)
1. Loss of
containment due
to:

a. High temperature

b. Corrosion

c. Over pressure

2. Direct ignition
source and excess
fuel in firing
chamber in case of
fired component:

a. Explosion

b. Backfire

Preventive

1. Equipment should be designed and installed
as per applicable industry standards API
SPEC 12K, API SPEC 12L, API RP 12N or
OISD-STD-111. Safety devices {like High
Pressure Sensor (PSH), Low Pressure
Sensor (PSL), Pressure Safety Valve (PSV),
High Level Sensor (LSH), Low Level Sensor
(LSL), Flow Sensor (FSL), Flame failure
sensor (BSL), Check Valve, and High
Temperature Sensor (TSH)} are installed.
2. Integrity Management. Inspection / health
check of fired vessels should be carried as
per applicable industry standards including
OISD-STD-133.
3. Fired vessels should be equipped with
pressure releasing device (PSV).


OISD-GDN- 232 35

at regular intervals. PSV should be
maintained and calibrated as per OISD-STD-
132.
5. Outlet of PSV shall be discharged safely as
per OISD- STD-106.
6. Separator should be equipped with devices to
control process parameters like level
controller, pressure controller, and
temperature controller.
7. Process control devices (Level controller,
Pressure Controller, Temperature Controller)
should be maintained on regular intervals.
8. Fired vessels should be equipped with level
controller valve to control the level and out
flow from the vessel.
9. Motor interlocks for forced draft fan motor
10. Flame in the firing chamber is monitored by
BSL or TSL sensor.
11. Flame arrestor in natural draft burner.
12. Explosion proof fire chamber
13. Remote ignition system
15. Electrical systems should be as per
applicable industry standards and meeting
the requirements of Indian Electricity Rules,
1956.
permit system (refer OISD-STD-105)

Mitigating
19. Containment system (including fuel gas)


OISD-GDN- 232 36

189 (in on land operations).
1. Occupational
hazards
Preventive

1. Safety features (hot surface protection in
form of guards, barriers or insulation) to
address possible occupational hazards
including Insulation of hot surfaces.

Mitigating
3. Housekeeping
S.
No.

4. Crude
storage
1. Loss of
containment due
to:

a. Over flow

b. Corrosion

c. Over pressure

2. Fire
Preventive

1. The storage tanks should be designed and
installed following applicable industry
standards API Spec 12D, API Spec 12F or
OISD-STD-108
2. There should be two independent gauges or
transmitter with the storage tanks to give
audio-alarm at high level and audio alarm &
tripping at high-high level.
3. Level gauges (or transmitter, where installed)
should be calibrated on regular intervals.
4. The breather valve and vent to be installed
and maintained on storage tanks as per
OISD-STD-108 and OISD-STD-132.
5. Flame arrestor on tanks, refer OISD STD 129
6. Detection system (HC and fire detection) on
tanks as per OISD STD 117, where
applicable.
7. Storage tanks should have instrumentation as
per the requirements of OISD-STD-108.
8. Inspection and health check (including status
of corrosion protection systems) of storage
tanks and associated equipment should be as
per OISD-STD-129.
9. Crude oil should be stabilized before taking
into storage tanks.
10. Electrical systems (including control of stray


OISD-GDN- 232 37

currents) should be as per industry
standards.
permit system (refer OISD-STD-105).

Mitigating
13. Secondary containment / dyke system as per
OISD-STD- 118 (in on land operations).
Keeping dyke free of vegetation / good
housekeeping
189 (in on land operations)
1. Occupational
hazards such as
slip / fall etc.
Preventive

1. Safety features to address possible
occupational hazards.

Mitigating
3. Housekeeping
5. Gas
Compression
1. Over pressure
(suction)

2. Over pressure
(discharge)

3. Loss of
containment due
to:

a. Overpressure

b. Corrosion

c. Seal failure

d. Mechanical
damage

Preventive

1. The compressors should be designed and
installed following applicable industry
standards; refer OISD-STD-120. Safety
devices {like High Pressure Sensor (PSH),
Low Pressure Sensor (PSL), Pressure Safety
Valve (PSV), High Temperature Sensor (TSH
Check Valve and Shut down valve} are
installed.
2. Gas detectors (if installed in closed enclosed
space) to shutoff process inflow and blow
down the compressor.
3. Casing vents and drains routed to safe
location.


OISD-GDN- 232 38

e. Failure of safety
systems

4. Fire

5. Explosion

6. Excess
temperature
4. Effective sealing system during operations
and idle condition (enhanced safety features
such as tandem / double dry gas seals, liquid
film seals and mechanical (contact) shaft
seals); refer OISD-STD-125.
5. Alarms and trips to detect seal failures. Fire
loop and thermal detector to shutoff process
inflow and blowdown the compressor.
6. Safe routing of leaked gases from sealing
system
7. Protection against back pressure from flare /
vent line
8. Low lube oil pressure and high lube
temperature protection
9. Abnormal process condition surge, limits for
pressure and temperature, relief and safety
devices
10. Protection against reverse rotation for rotary /
centrifugal compressor.
11. Purging before start up.
12. Noise hazards - display warning signs; refer
OISD-GDN-166.
15. Electrical systems (including control of stray
currents) should be as per industry standards
/ area classification.

Mitigating
17. ESD / blow down system
189 (in on land operations).
1. Occupational
hazards
Preventive

1. Safety features to address possible


OISD-GDN- 232 39

occupational hazards (including noise and
hot surfaces)
Mitigating
3. House keeping
S.
No.

6. Depressurisa
tion / blow
down
1. Loss of
containment due
to:

a. Over pressure

b. Carryover of
liquid with gas

c. Failure due to
corrosion

d. Mechanical
failure

2. Explosion

3. Fire

Preventive

1. Design and installation of depressurisation /
blow down system should be as per the
industry standards OISD- STD-106 and OISD-
STD-109.
2. Provision of KOD and suitable evacuation of
liquid from KOD as applicable.
3. Flare stack should have remote ignition
system as per the requirements of DGMS (for
on land operations) / OISD-STD-106.
4. Safe distances as per OISD-STD-118 (in on
land operations).
5. Stack height should meet requirements of
MoEF guidelines (in on land operations).
6. Purging should be done before start up.
7. Appropriate system such as water seal / assist
flame / molecular seal should be provided to
maintain flame front.
9. Job safety analysis / SOP.

Mitigating
7. Ignition 1. Fire hazards due
to ignition sources
Preventive

1. Control of ignition sources such as
a. Hot surfaces
b. Generation of electrostatic energy due to high
velocity of fluid


OISD-GDN- 232 40

c. Mechanical spark
d. Electrical spark
e. Open flame
f. Electronic gadgets such as mobile phone
2. All the appliances installed in the installation
should be as per area classification zones in
line with OISD-STD-113 or API RP 500.
3. All equipment (vessels, piping, well manifolds,
pumps, separators etc) and metallic structures
should have double independent / distinct
earthing and maintained as per Indian
Electricity Rules / OISD-STD- 137.

Mitigating
5. Fire protection (cooling) as per OISD-STD-189
(in on land operations).
to:

a. Unsafe equipment

b. Unsafe
environment

c. Unsafe work
practices

2. Fire

Preventive

1. Effective grounding as per industry
standards (refer OISD-STD-137)

2. Requirements of Indian electricity rules
1956 with respect to electric lighting should
be met.


4. Equipment in protective environment /
guarding; if required, meeting area
classification requirements.


6. SOPs including:
Safe distances from live parts /
overhead lines
Tag out / lock out to prevent
accidental start
procedures



OISD-GDN- 232 41

8. Earth leakage protection device with
sensitivity < 30mA (for time < 1 sec) for all
lighting and socket outlet circuits.

9. Housekeeping


Mitigating

12. Electrical shock chart should be displayed at
strategic location

S.
No.

9. Well - head
operation
1. Over pressure

2. Loss of
containment

3. Occupational
hazards
Preventive

1. The well head and associated equipment
should be designed and installed as per
applicable industry standards API SPEC 6A
or ISO 10423. Proper design to take care
that MAWP is greater than maximum shut in
pressure.
2. Safety devices are maintained and
calibrated at regular intervals.
3. Integrity Management. Inspection,
maintenance and testing of well head and
associated equipment should as per SPEC
6A or ISO 10423.
4. Well design should have system of sub
surface closure based on risk assessment;
refer API SPEC 14A and API RP 14B.
5. Annuli (including outer annuli), tubing head
pressures and ABP should be monitored on
regular basis for safety critical parameters.
7. Job safety analysis / SOP (refer OISD-GDN-
182).
8. For simultaneous operation, refer OISD
GDN 186.
10. House keeping


OISD-GDN- 232 42

Mitigating
10. Well
maintenance
operation like
scrapping,
activation
and
stimulation
jobs
1. Loss of
containment due
to:

a. Equipment failure

b. Failure of well
material

c. Unsafe
operation.

2. Fire

Preventive

1. Vehicles should be placed at safe distance (in
on land operations).
2. Wire line assembly including BOP should be
installed and tested as per DGMS (in on land
operations) / OISD guidelines.
3. Job safety analysis / SOP refer OISD-GDN-
182.
5. Pressure of compressor line up to annulus
should be tested before applying the
compressor.
6. Pressure from annulus should be released by
using choke to prevent erosion of the seat of
annulus valve.
7. Suitability of well head assembly, casing and
tubing should be assessed during planning of
stimulation job.

Mitigating
9. Safe disposal of chemicals used for
stimulation should be ensured.
3. Occupational
hazards
Preventive
1. Occupational hazards such as handling of
chemical / noise / slip / fall / falling of object
etc. should be taken care of by taking
preventive measures such as availability
and display of MSDS and use of appropriate
PPE.

Mitigating
3. House keeping


OISD-GDN- 232 43

11. Oil pumping 1. Over pressure

2. Loss of
containment

3. Fire
Preventive
1. Equipment designed as per applicable
industry standard OISD-STD-119 and OISD-
STD-121. Safety devices {like High Pressure
Sensor (PSH), Low Pressure Sensor (PSL),
Pressure Safety Valve (PSV), Check Valve
and Shut down valve} are installed.
at regular intervals.
3. Flow dampener and pressure relief valve in
positive displacement pumps
4. Casing vents and drains routed to safe
location
5. Sufficient protection low pressure and high
temperature in case of pressurized
lubrication system.
6. In case of gas engine, procedure should
include control of hazards associated with
fuel gas, during start-up and operations.
7. Equipment maintained as per industry
standard OISD-STD-119 and OEM guidelines
119

Mitigating
4. Occupational
hazards
Preventive
1. Coupling guard removable, non-sparking
material, capable of withstanding foreseeable
external impact.
2. Insulation of hot surfaces.
S.
No.

12. Miscellaneou
s production
related
activities.
working at height:

1. Fall of person
Preventive

life jacket, tag line etc.


OISD-GDN- 232 44

2. SOP / JSA

Mitigating

During Welding:

1. Burn injury

2. Fire
Preventive

1. Safe welding area / hot work permit (refer
OISD-STD-105).

2. SOP / JSA

3. For recommended refer API-RP-54 or ANSI Z
49.


5. Ventilation



8. Fire watch

Mitigating
9. Emergency preparedness including fire watch
and fire protection.

operations:

1. Unrestrained /
swinging loads

2. Overload


equipment


6. Abnormal weather

7. Simultaneous
operations

Preventive

equipment.

2. Permit to work / SOP / JSA refer OISD-RP-
205.

switches

4. Competent personnel (crew members -
supervisor / signal man / crane operator /
rigger)



7. Specified operations limit in rough weather.

load.


OISD-GDN- 232 45




Mitigating
12. Emergency preparedness procedures should
include interfacing with contractors / service
providers.

Due to weather
conditions:

1. Strong winds

2. Heavy rains

Preventive

monitoring devices at the installation.



Mitigating

Health related:

1. Over exposure
to noise
Preventive

machinery in use.


applicable).



Mitigating

Working in confined
spaces:
Preventive


OISD-GDN- 232 46

1. Hazardous gas /
environment

2. Fall of person

3. Fire

1. Work permit (refer OISD-STD-105) / SOP /
JSA

2. Equipment required: respiratory protection and
fall protection




Mitigating

During marine
operations, vessel

of the platform

2. Loss of well
integrity

3. Loss of vessel
integrity

4. Loss of process
integrity

Preventive



3. Competent personnel at both vessel and
platform to manage interface. Responsibilities
of key persons are defined.


Mitigating
providers.

During offshore
operations including
platform and vessels:

1. Man over board
Preventive

1. SOP / JSA

Mitigating

2. Emergency preparedness including watch
keeping.

During Helicopter
operations, loss of
control / crash of
helicopter due to:

1. Extreme weather

2. Helicopter /
equipment failure
Preventive

platform.


3. Layout / orientation of platform- helideck


OISD-GDN- 232 47

3. Pilot error

4. Obstruction in
landing / takeoff
path

failure


5. Communication between helicopter and
platform

monitoring instruments at the platform.

Mitigating
HUET.


OISD-GDN- 232 48

Annexure- 3

Checklist for well servicing and related operations

S.
No.

1. 1. Planning
for well
servicing

2. Selection
of service
provider
including
workover
rig.

3. Well
servicing
operation
s
1. Loss of
containment /
uncontrolled flow
of well fluid due
to:

a. Improper well
servicing
programme
including well
barrier policy

b. Loss of
hydrostatic
pressure due to
loss of well fluid

c. Failure to fill the
well during
tripping

d. Failure of well
hardware
including casing
integrity failure

e. Failure of well
control equipment

2. Ignition of
uncontrolled flow /
blow out leading
to hydrocarbon
fire.
Preventive

1. Analyse well data including offset well data of
same field and review pressure prediction.

2. Review well servicing program, ensuring kick
tolerance.

3. Ensure two independent barriers during all
phases of well servicing, for details on
barriers refer NORSK standard D-010.

4. Assessment of well servicing contractor
procedures, rig equipment and manpower
competency before selection of rig &
contractor, and performance monitoring
during well servicing operations.

5. Ensuring availability of required competent
personnel, during planning and operations.
Also ensure competence of key crew
members to recognise influx into well bore as
early as possible (having accredited well
control training and certification and carrying
out drills).

6. Monitoring completion fluid properties /
parameters (Pit volume, flow rate, Specific
gravity etc.).

7. Adherence to well control policy / procedures
(refer OISD-RP-174):

Installation, maintenance and inspection of
applicable industry standards (refer OISD-
RP-174).

Well control equipment / BOPs tested as per
industry standards (refer OISD-RP-174).

Special considerations during tripping - trip
tank, trip sheet records, flow check, control
of tripping speed etc. (refer OISD-RP-174).

Adequate stock of completion fluid at the rig.


OISD-GDN- 232 49

Procedures for safe closure of well.

Testing of casing integrity.

Procedures to prevent casing damage.

8. Periodic well control drills.

9. Control of ignition sources by ensuring fit for
purpose status of electrical equipment in
hazardous area.

10. Job Safety Analysis.

Mitigating

11. Emergency preparedness as per OISD-
GDN-227.


Availability of own resources or agreement
with the well control company (having
required resources) for the required
equipment and services

Closure of well as per procedure

Escape to muster area

HC gas detectors

Mobilising fire fighting system

Evacuation procedures

Well killing procedures.

2. Handling of
completion
fluid
1. Occupational
hazards due to:

a. Chemical
exposure

of moving /
rotating equipment

c. Noise


e. Toxic gas (H2S)
Preventive


2. Inspection and maintenance of equipment.

3. SOP / Job safety analysis


5. H
2
S detection system

6. MSDS / Use of specified PPE

Mitigating

7. Emergency preparedness including provisions


OISD-GDN- 232 50

of face showers

S.
No.

3. Rig
movement
and rig
dismantling /
building (for
onshore) and
rig move and
placement
(for offshore)
1. Occupational
hazards such as:

a. Fall of material

b. Fall of person
from height

c. Road accident

d. Electrocution

e. Personnel getting
entangled in lines
during raising of
Mast.

f. Being struck by
swinging objects.

2. In case of offshore
rigs, hazards
include:

a. Change in
weather
conditions wind
speed, current,
wave height

b. Seabed conditions
/ stability

c. Punch through (in
case of jack up
rigs)

d. Water depth

e. Mooring / station
keeping systems

f. Other nearby
assets such as
platform structure,
piping at platform,
pipelines at
seabed and
flowing wells at
platform etc.

g. Dynamic loading

h. Towing operation
Preventive

1. Rig movement planning (onshore) including
route and site preparation survey, selection of
vehicles, cranes and lifting gear (such as wire
rope slings, lifting eye, lifting rope for mast
etc).
2. Electrical safety procedures including for
enroute overhead electrical lines.
3. Adherence to safe operating procedures
including driving practices. For detailed
guidance refer OISD-STD-187, OISD-GDN-
202, OISD-GDN-203, OISD-RP-205, OISD-
STD-216, and OISD-GDN-218.
4. Job safety analysis to address (refer OISD-
GDN-218):
Check and secure all objects (which can
fall) on the mast before raising / lowering
of mast
Use tag line
5. Rig movement planning (offshore) including
updated seabed survey, accurate field survey
data, location history, defined weather limits,
long term and short term weather forecast,
traffic survey, mooring analysis, review of
procedures - JSA / HAZOP, fit for purpose
equipment / towing vessel requirements /
capabilities clearly defined, vessel meets the
required specifications / have fitness certificate
(class or other), limitations of vessel, breakout
limits and strategies defined, minimum
separations and distances defined, agreed and
adhered to, integrated communication, clear
roles and responsibilities, competent
personnel familiar with operations, water tight
integrity checks, rig loading plan, joint
emergency procedures etc.
6. Pre move meeting (for offshore) attended by
operator representative, rig contractor,
surveyor and other service providers.
7. Shut down of wells on platform (offshore)
during rig move and proper preloading


OISD-GDN- 232 51

fitness of tug
boat and anchor
handling
equipment,
vessel collision

i. Lack of marine
competence

j. Inadequate
procedures

k. Man overboard

l. Coordination
failure
communication
failure,
accountability not
defined
guidelines to be adhered to.
8. Competent persons including crane operator,
trailer drivers, slingers, rig building crew,
supervisors, and marine competence for
MODU / towing vessel.
9. Working at height use of fall prevention
devices, man overboard precautions for
offshore operations.
10. Safe handling of chemicals.
11. Use of specified PPE.

Mitigating
S.
No.

4. Derrick floor
Operations
During handling of
tubular, occupational
hazards due to:

a. Swinging blocks
hitting derrick

b. Swinging pipe

c. Rolling / falling of
tubular from pipe
rack

d. Fall of object

e. Hit by moving
object

f. Slip / trip of
person at derrick
floor

g. Fall of person
from derrick floor /
monkey board

h. Trapped in
between moving
objects

i. Pinch points at
pipe, elevator
Preventive

OISD-RP-190.
2. Use of body harness / safety belt

Mitigating
procedures.


OISD-GDN- 232 52

links, elevator and
slip handles

j. Strain while lifting
slips
During making /
breaking a connection,
due to:

a. Swinging pipe

b. Pinch points at slip
handles

c. Pinch points at
elevator, slip
handles and tongs

slips

of tong

f. Breaking of tong
lines

g. Fall of object

h. Hit by moving
object

k. Slip / trip of person
at derrick floor

i. Trapped in
between moving
objects

j. Chemical hazards
due to splash of
completion fluid

Preventive

document of Step Change in Safety and OISD-
RP-190.

detailed guidance refer OISDSTD-187, OISD-
RP-190.

Mitigating
procedures.

During tripping,
occupational hazards
due to:

a. Swinging blocks
hitting derrick

b. Swinging pipe

c. Pinch points at
elevator, slip
handles and tongs
Preventive

document of Step Change in Safety and OISD-
RP-190.

detailed guidance refer OISD-STD-187, OISD-
RP-190.

3. Ensure that Crown-o-matic / twin stop device
is installed and working properly. (Regularly


OISD-GDN- 232 53

slips

of tong

f. Breaking of tong
lines

l. Fall of object

m. Hit by moving
object

n. Slip at derrick floor

o. Fall of person
including falling
from mast ladder /
monkey board

p. Trapped in
between moving
objects

q. Chemical hazards
due to mud splash

1. Travelling block
hitting the Crown
block / derrick floor

2. Failure of
hydromatic / eddy
current brake

3. Failure of main
drum brake

4. Rotary movement,
in case rotary table
is used to spin drill
string

5. Uncontrolled flow
out
check the device for effective functioning)

4. Inspection and maintenance of draw works
main drum brake, hydromatic / eddy current
brake, tongs, slips, wire ropes, elevators etc.

5. Use of mechanical equipment such as pipe
spinner, automatic slips, pipe handling
equipment, kelly spinner or top drive etc. to
eliminate the occupational hazards.

6. Emergency Escape Device (EED).

7. Slip resistance surface at derrick floor.

8. Before breaking out Kelly, stop mud pump,
close mud saver valve on kelly, use mud
bucket, use pipe wiper etc.

9. Fall prevention at monkey board and mast
ladder.


11. Keeping hole full during tripping; for details
refer OISD-RP-174.

12. Good housekeeping and use of specified PPE.

Mitigating
procedures.

5. Cementation 1. Uncontrolled flow
out during
cementation
operation

2. Occupational
hazards due to:

a. Chemical
Preventive


equipment including cementing lines.

3. Operating within the pressure limit / provision
of PSV.


OISD-GDN- 232 54

exposure /
respiratory hazard

moving / rotating
equipment

c. Slip, trip and fall

d. Noise

e. Material handling,
falling of material

3. Liquid at pressure

4. Securing high pressure lines.


6. SOP and JSA



Mitigating

6. Perforation 1. Uncontrolled flow
out during
perforation
operation

2. Occupational
hazards during
handling of
explosives due to:

a. Uncontrolled
detonation /
surface
detonation

b. Explosion

Preventive




183 and API-RP-67.



Switching off wireless communication
equipment

Electrical isolation

Restricted operations

Monitoring equipment for stray currents

Protection for lightening

Proper gun design

Weather conditions

Adequate communication

Restricted work area


Mitigating

8. Emergency preparedness.


OISD-GDN- 232 55

7. Well testing 1. Loss of
containment due
to:

a. Well equipment
failure including
packer

b. Testing
equipment failure

c. Swabbing

d. Loss of completion
fluid.

2. Loss of
containment
leading to fire and
explosion.

Preventive

1. Design of the equipment as per industry
standards.

equipment.


4. SOP / JSA

5. For recommended practices refer OISD- GDN-
182 and API-RP-54.


Safe handling of well fluid considering flow
restrictions, if any (due to separator
capacity / flare capacity / pressure safety
valve discharge capacity).


Mitigating


to:

a. Unsafe
equipment

b. Unsafe
environment

c. Unsafe work
practices

2. Fire
Preventive

1. Effective grounding as per industry standards
(refer OISD-STD-216)

2. Requirements of Indian electricity rules 1956
with respect to electric lighting should be met.


4. Equipment in protective environment meeting
area classification requirements.


6. SOP including:
Safe distances from live parts / overhead
lines
Tag out / lock out to prevent accidental
start
procedures
Interfacing of electrical lock out permit


OISD-GDN- 232 56

with cold / hot work permit


8. Earth leakage protection device with sensitivity
< 30mA (for time < 1 sec) for all lighting and
socket outlet circuits.


Mitigating


9. Miscellaneou
s well
servicing
related
activities

During handling of
diesel fuels:

1. Loss of
containment

2. Fire
Preventive

1. Inspection / health check, maintenance and
testing of storage tanks and associated
equipment including hoses / pipelines.

2. SOP should include safe receipt / unloading of
diesel from tanker / vessel. For SOP and JSA
refer OISD-STD-157 and OISD-STD-216.



Mitigating

5. Emergency preparedness should include:
Secondary containment
Fire fighting system

During handling of
pressurised gas
cylinders:

1. Loss of
containment

2. Explosion
Preventive

1. Inspection / health check of cylinders and gas
cutting equipment.

2. Safe storage of cylinders.

3. SOP and JSA


Mitigating

For Lines under
pressure:

1. Over pressure
loss of
containment

Preventive

1. Selection of vessels and pipeline of required
pressure rating based on the design as per

2. Inspection (including periodic health check)


OISD-GDN- 232 57

and testing of lines.

3. Operating within design pressure envelope.
Provision of pressure safety valves at
appropriate locations.

4. Inspection, calibration and testing of PSVs.

5. SOP and JSA

6. Ensure personnel stand clear of pressurized
lines during cementation / well control / testing
procedures.


Mitigating

working at height:

1. Fall of person
Preventive

life jacket, life line / retractable line, tag line
etc.

2. SOP / JSA

Mitigating

In case of objects
overhead:

1. Fall of objects
Preventive

1. SOP / JSA

2. Personnel should stay clear of suspended,
hoisted or moving loads.

3. Tag lines should be used, where appropriate.


Mitigating

During Welding:

1. Burn injury

2. Fire
Preventive

1. Safe welding area / hot work permit refer
OISD-STD-105

2. SOP / JSA

or ANSI Z 49.


OISD-GDN- 232 58


5. Ventilation



8. Fire watch

Mitigating
9. Emergency preparedness should include fire
watch and fire protection.

In case of equipment
with rotating or moving
parts:

1. Pinch points at
power tongs,
elevators and
slips.

2. Unguarded moving
parts of air winch,
draw works.

3. Travelling block

Preventive

1. SOP / JSA

2. Guards on moving parts


operations:

1. Unrestrained /
swinging loads

2. Overload


equipment


6. Abnormal weather

7. Simultaneous
operations

Preventive

equipment.

2. Permit to work / SOP / JSA

3. For recommended practices refer OISD-RP-
205.

switches

5. Competent personnel (all crew - supervisor /
signal man / crane operator / rigger)



8. Specified operations limit for rough weather.

load.



OISD-GDN- 232 59



Mitigating

Due to weather
conditions:

1. Strong winds

2. Heavy rains

Preventive

monitoring devices at the rig and watch
keeping at bridge.



Mitigating

Health related:

1. Over exposure
to noise
Preventive

machinery in use.


applicable).



Mitigating

Working in confined
spaces:

Preventive

1. Work permit / SOP / JSA


OISD-GDN- 232 60

1. Hazardous gas /
environment

2. Fall of person

3. Fire

105

3. Equipment required / respiratory protection
and fall protection




Mitigating
227.

During marine
operations, vessel

of the rig

2. Loss of rig (hull)
integrity

3. Loss of vessel
(supply vessel /
tug boat) integrity

of the platform

Preventive



3. Competent personnel at both vessel and rig to
manage interface.


Mitigating

During Helicopter
operations, loss of
control / crash of
helicopter due to:

1. Extreme weather

2. Helicopter /
equipment failure

3. Pilot error

4. Obstruction in
landing / takeoff
path

failure
Preventive

rig.


3. Layout / orientation of rig - helideck


5. Communication between helicopter and rig

monitoring instruments at the rig.


OISD-GDN- 232 61

Mitigating
HUET.

S.
No.

10. Well
stimulation
operations
1. Loss of
containment

2. Occupational
hazards due to:

a. Chemical
exposure

of moving /
rotating equipment

c. Noise


e. Fluid at pressure

Preventive

1. Job safety analysis / SOP refer OISD-GDN-
182

equipment


4. MSDS / Use of specified PPE, safe handling
and disposal of chemicals

5. Mechanised handling of material

6. Good house keeping

Mitigating


11. Coiled tubing
operation
1. Loss of
containment

2. Occupational
hazards due to:

a. Chemical
exposure

of moving /
rotating equipment

c. Noise



Preventive


equipment


4. MSDS / Use of specified PPE, safe handling
and disposal of chemicals

5. Mechanised handling of material


7. Well control procedures should include
handling of well control situations with coiled
tubing equipment.

Mitigating


12. Nitrogen
application
1. Loss of
containment
Preventive


OISD-GDN- 232 62

2. Occupational
hazards due to:

a. Cold burn

of moving /
rotating equipment

c. Noise




equipment

4. MSDS / Use of specified PPE


6. Insulation of cold surfaces / restricted area

Mitigating


13. Hot oil
operations
1. Loss of
containment

2. Occupational
hazards due to:

a. Mechanical hazard
of moving /
rotating equipment

b. Noise

c. Material handling

d. Fluid at pressure

e. Burn

Preventive


2. refer OISD-182


equipment

Mitigating

14. Wireline
operations
1. Loss of
containment due
to:

a. Equipment failure

b. Failure of well
material

c. Unsafe operation.
Preventive

1. Vehicles should be placed at safe distance.
2. Wire line assembly including BOP should be
installed and tested as per DGMS / OISD
guidelines.
4. Competent personnel, trained on well control
procedures for wire line system
equipment.

Mitigating



OISD-GDN- 232 63

15. Compressed
air
application
1. Loss of
containment

2. Occupational
hazards due to:

a. Mechanical hazard
of moving /
rotating equipment

b. Noise

c. Fluid at pressure
Preventive



equipment



Mitigating


16. Offshore well
servicing
operations
carried out by
vessels

1. Loss of position of
the vessel

2. Vessel collision
leading to:

a. Structural damage
of the platform

b. Loss of well
integrity

Preventive



3. Competent personnel at both vessel and
platform to manage interface.


Mitigating

providers.


OISD-GDN- 232 64

17. Offshore well
servicing
operations
carried out by
modular rigs /
platform rigs
1. Structural failure

2. Hazards (fire,
noise, vibration)
for personnel,
living on the
platform

3. Major collision of
rig move vessel
(with dismantled
modular rig parts
on the boat deck)
with other vessel
in transit
Preventive

1. Evaluation of load bearing capacity of platform
structure on which modular rig is deployed.

2. Fit for purpose status of structures, rig
equipment.

3. Pre-move meeting

4. Weather consideration during movement

5. Marine procedures during rig move

6. Safe location and design of living quarters.

7. Fire detection, suppression system and use of
fire retardant material.

8. Noise control and vibration monitoring.

Mitigating

providers.

Oisd GDN 232

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