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Visualizations in the Humanities

From the Cabinet of Curiosities to the Geoparser


AMST2661 Fall 2013
Steven Lubar and Massimo Riva
Aboutthecourse:Museums,maps,networkgraphsanddatasetsreflectandshapethe
workofscholarsinthehumanities.Thiscourseprovidesanoverviewofthewaythat
literaryandhistoricalscholarshaveorganized,analyzed,andpresentedtheirresearchto
eachotherandthepublic.Thecourseincludestheoretical,historicalandpracticalwork.It
combinestraditionalhumanitiesanddigitalhumanities,academicandpublichumanities.It
includessignificantlabwork,withstudentsundertakingprojectsintheirfieldsofstudy.
SeminarmeetingsonWednesday,35:20,intheVisualizationLabinRockefellerLibrary
Labsessiontobedetermined.
Classassignments:Eachweek,startinginweek4,welldivideupreadingsandexample
projectsforthefollowingweekamongparticipantseachstudentorgroupofstudentshould
comepreparedtosummarizeandleaddiscussionofanarticleoradigitalhumanities
project.Wevelistedexamplesofarticlesandprojectstochoosefrom,butyourewelcome
tofindothers.Everyoneshouldreadreadingswitha*.OCRApassword:visualization
Finalproject:Eachstudentshouldchooseaprojectahistoricalorliteraryorother
humanisticquestionthatmightbeansweredorilluminatedbyusingdatavisualizedby
someofthetechniquesdiscussedinthecourse.Inweek7,submitanoutlineofthiswork,
andpresent(10minutes)asummarytotheclass.Includeinformationonthequestions
youreinterestedinsolving,providinghistoriographyorotherpreviousworkasappropriate,
potentialdatasources(andtheirchallenges),andapreliminarysurveyoftoolsthatmight
beuseful.Forthefinalpaper,howfaryouareabletogowilldependontheproject.Itmight
beenoughtopresentadetailedevaluationoftheproblemswiththedatasetsavailable,
includinganyissuesofdatacleanupseveralpossibletechniquestousetechnologyto
addressthequestionsofinterestandfurtheranalysisofthequestionsandanswers.For
otherprojects,itmightbepossibletocarrythroughtheanalysisandbegintoansweryour
questions.
Grades:60percentofgradeisbasedonclasspresentationsanddiscussion,20percenton
yourlabwork,and20percentonthefinalproject.

Course outline
Part1:Foundations
Week1.Introductions
Week2:Visualization
Reading:
Lab:
Week3.IntroducingDigitalHumanities
Reading:
Assignment:
Lab:
Part2:TypesofVisualization
Week4:Chronologies
Reading:
Examples
Tools
Week5:SpaceandPlace
Reading:
Examples
Tools
Week6:RelationshipsandInfluences,historicalandliterary
Reading:
Examples
Tools
Part4:Visualizingtexts,images,andcollections
Week7:Collections
Reading:
Examples
Tools
Week8:TextsandImages
Reading:
Examples
Tools
Part5:3DVisualizations
Week9:3DModelingandPrinting
Reading:
Examples
Lab:
Tools
2

Lab:
Week10:Immersive3D
Readings:
Lab:
Weeks11and12

NOTESandOtherVIsualizations
Miscellaneous

Part 1: Foundations
Week 1. Introductions
Introductiontoclass.Someexamplesofwork.Anoverviewofvisualization,digital
humanities,publichumanities.HandsonwithViewshare.

Week 2: Visualization
Reading:
*EdwardTufte,EnvisioningInformation,introductionandchapters13(ifadditional
Tufteisdesired,GraphicExcellencefromVisualDisplayofInformation)[reserve]
*NathanYau,VisualizeThis:TheFlowingDataGuidetoDesign,Visualization,and
Statistics,IntroductionandChapter1.
*BenFry,ComputationalInformationDesign,allbutchapter4[Canvas]
*Lev
Manovich,What
is
Visualization,
Visual
Studies
J ournal
,2011[Canvas]
*BarbaraStafford,PresumingImagesandConsumingWords:TheVisualizationof
KnowledgefromtheEnlightenmenttoPostmodernism,inConsumptionandthe
WorldofGoods,ed.JohnBrewerandRoyPorter[Canvas]
MaureenStone,InformationVisualization:ChallengefortheHumanities,CLIR
Report2009[Canvas]
DonaldPreziosi,ArtHistoryandMuseology:RenderingtheVisibleLegible,in
3

Macdonald,Sharon,ed.,BlackwellCompaniontoMuseumStudies(Oxford,2006),
pp.5063.[Canvas]
ToolingupfortheDIgitalHumanities:DataVIsualization(Stanford)
JohannaDrucker,HumanitiesApproachestoGraphicalDisplay,DigitalHumanities
Quarterly,2011,Volume5Number1
RudolfArnheim,VisualThinking,especiallyChapter16,VisioninEducation
[reserve]
JamesElkins,ed.,VisualLiteracy[reserve]
BrunoLatour, VisualizationandCognition:Thinkingwitheyesandhands[canvas]
BarbaraStafford,ArtfulScience,introductionthroughxxvii&chapter1.

Lab:
Stanfordcourse:Toolingupondatavisualization
Topicmodeling:(UsingpaperMachinestotopicmodelaJSTORhumanities
journal)?
MITH,TopicModelingintheHumanities
VolumeofJDHontopicmodeling:JournalofDigitalHumanities,Vol.2,No.1Winter
2012
PaperMachines
http://www.saritaalami.com/2012/10/01/superchargeyourzoterolibraryusingpapermachinesparti/

Week 3. Introducing Digital Humanities


Whataredigitalhumanities?NewtoolsforoldquestionsNewwaysofworking?New
questions?Revolutionorevolution?Digitalpublichumanities.

Reading:
*IanFoster,HowComputationChangesResearch,inSwitchingcodes:thinking
throughdigitaltechnologyinthehumanitiesandthearts,editedbyThomas
4

BartschererandRoderickCoover,pp.1537[Canvas]
*Chapter1,HumanitiestoDigitalHumanities,andChapter2,EmergingMethods
andGenres,inBurdick,etal.,Digital_Humanities,pp.160.
*Owens,Trevor.2012.DefiningDataforHumanists:Text,Artifact,Informationor
Evidence?JournalofDigitalHumanitiesMarch16.
*MartynJessop,Digitalvisualizationasascholarlyactivity,LiteraryandLinguistic
Computing,Vol.23,No.3,2008.[canvas]
*LisaSpiro,GettingStartedinDigitalHumanities,JournalofDigitalHumanities
Vol.1,No.1Winter2011
PatrikSvensson,TheLandscapeofDigitalHumanities,DHQ:DigitalHumanities
Quarterly,Summer2010Volume4Number1
YoungResearchersinDigitalHumanities:AManifesto
http://dhdhi.hypotheses.org/1855
DigitalHumanitiesManifesto2.0
TaraZepel,VisualizationasaDigitalHumanities?andVisualizationintheDigital
Humanities:ToolorDiscipline?onHASTACblog

Assignment:
(doneingroups)ChooseoneofthefictionalcasestudiesinDigital_Humanitiesto
presenttotheclass.Summarizetheissuesoutlined,findarelatedreallifecase
studyonline,andcomparethetwo.5groups,10minuteseach.

Lab:
Viewshare
*Owens,Trevor,andJeffersonBailey.2012.Fromrecordstodatawith
Viewshare:Anargument,aninterface,adesign.BulletinoftheAmerican
SocietyforInformationScienceandTechnology38(4)(May):4144.
[Canvas]

Part 2: Types of Visualization


5

Week 4: Chronologies
Reading:
*Zuern,John.TimelinesOnline:SpatialRhetoric,InformationArchitecture,andthe
RepresentationofHistory.TEXTTechnology:TheJournalofComputerText
Processing10,no.1(Winter2001):124[Canvas]
*NathanYau,VisualizeThis:TheFlowingDataGuidetoDesign,Visualizationand
Statistics,chapter4
*LevManovichandJeremyDouglass,VisualizingTemporalPatternsinVisual
Media[canvas]
DanielRosenbergandAnthonyGrafton,GeographiesofTime
StevenLubar,TimelinesinExhibits,Curator,Spring2013[Canvas]
HaydenWhite,TheContentoftheForm:NarrativeDiscourseandHistorical
Representation,pp.??
PascalGielen,Museumchronotopics:ontherepresentationofthepastin
museums,Museumandsociety,Nov2004.2(3)147160

Examples
MetropolitanMuseumsHeilmanTimelineofArtHistory
GalleryofDataVisualizationTimelines
Garabaldipanorama?

Tools
Simile
Viewshare
Neatline

Week 5: Space and Place


Reading:
*MarkMonmonier,ed.MappingItOut:ExpositoryCartographyfortheHumanities
andSocialSciences,Chapters1,6,7,and8[Reserve]
*NathanYau,VisualizeThis:TheFlowingDataGuidetoDesign,Visualization,and
Statistics,Chapter8
*DavidBodenhamer,ThePotentialoftheSpatialHumanities,InTheSpatial
Humanities,(IndianaUniversityPress,2010)[Canvas]
*BenSchmidt,Readingdigitalsources:acasestudyinship'slogs,atSapping
Attentionblog
JamesR.Akerman,RobertW.KarrowJr,andJohnMcCarter,eds,Maps:Finding
OurPlaceintheWorld
*WalterBenjamin,Paristhecapitalofthe19thcenturyinTheArcadesProject,pp.
313[Canvas]
DavidJ.Bodenhamer,JohnCorriganandTrevorM.Harris,eds.,TheSpatial
Humanities:GISandtheFutureofHumanitiesScholarship
AmyHillierandAnneKellyKnowles,eds.,PlacingHistory:HowMaps,SpatialData,
andGISAreChangingHistoricalScholarship

Examples
BenJohnston,MappingintheHumanities
MathewM.Booker,VisualizingSanFranciscoBaysForgottenPast,inJournalof
DigitalHumanities,Vol.1,No.3Summer2012
StanfordSpatialHistoryProject

Tools
ToolingupfortheDIgitalHumanities:SpatialAnalysis(Stanford)
Viewshare
PaperMachines(geoparser)
http://www.saritaalami.com/2012/10/01/superchargeyourzoterolibraryusingpapermachinesparti/

Neatline

Week 6: Relationships and Influences, historical and literary


Reading:
*AnthonyGrafton,SketchMapofaLostContinent:ARepublicofLetters,in
WorldsMadebyWords:ScholarshipandCommunityintheModernWest[canvas]
*NathanYau,VisualizeThis:TheFlowingDataGuidetoDesign,Visualiation,and
StatisticChapter6
Scholarsource:ADigitalInfrastructurefortheHumanities,inSwitchingCodes,pp.
6188[canvas]
AnthonyGrafton,Footnotes:ACuriousHistory[Reserve]
MassimoRiva,TheDecameronWeb:TenYearsLater,TeachingForeign
LanguagesandLiteraturesOnline,TheModernLanguageAssociation,NewYork:
2009,343357
ScottB.Weingart,DemystifyingNetworks,PartsI&II,JournalofDigital
Humanities,Vol.1,No.1Winter2011

Examples
MappingtheRepublicofletters
UsingMetadatatoFindPaulRevere

SixDegreesofFrancisBacon:Reassemblingtheearlymodernsocialnetwork
LinkedJazz
Visualcomplexity.comsocialnetworks

Tools
Gephi
http://digitalhumanities.org/answers/topic/howdoesoneprepareandusedataforne
tworkanalysiswithgephi

Part 4: Visualizing texts, images, and collections


Week 7: Collections
Reading:
*Foucault,TheOrderofThings,chap.5,Classifying
*AnthonyGrafton,TheWorldinaRoom:RenaissanceHistoriesofArtandNature,
inWorldsMadebyWords:ScholarshipandCommunityintheModernWest
*LevManovitch,DatabaseasSymbolicForm,inConvergence:TheInternational
JournalofResearchintoNewMediaTechnologies
*MiaRidgeexplorestheshapeofCooperHewittcollections
TimWray,CollectionsasLandscapes
:Part1EmpoweringSpatial,Experiential
Interaction,andCanvas
LevManovitch,SoftwareStudies:DataStream,Database,Timeline2013
PatrickMarrayJohn,HackingCooperHewittsDataRelease
LorraineDaston,WondersandtheOrderofNature,Chaps?

MargaretHedstrom,Archives,Memory,andInterfaceswiththePast,Archival
Science2:2142,2002

Examples
MetadataforArchitecturalContentsinEurope
CooperHewittLabsblog
artsy.net

Tools
Imageplot

Week 8: Texts and Images


Reading:
*Overview:http://toolingup.stanford.edu/?page_id=981
*EdFolsom,DatabaseasGenre:TheEpicTransformationofArchives,PMLA
October2007(withrepliesbyMcGann,Hayles,McGill,Stallybrass,andFreedman)
*FrancoMoretti,Graphs,Maps,Trees:AbstractModelsforLiteraryHistory
ReadingGraphs,Maps,Trees:ResponsestoFrancoMoretti.editedbyJonathan
Goodwin&JohnHolbo
CarrieRoy,ThreadsofThoughtandStacksofDataintheHumanitiesand
Sciences
LevManovich,JeremyDouglass,andTaraZepel,How
to
Compare
One
Million
Images?

Quantitativeanalysisofcultureusingmillionsofdigitizedbooks,JeanBaptiste
Micheletal.,Science.2011January14331(6014):176182.[canvas]Seealso
http://www.culturomics.org/,
http://www.studio360.org/2013/aug/09/bigdataculturomics,andDanCohen,Initial
ThoughtsontheGoogleBooksNgramViewerandDatasets,

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StanfordLiteraryLab

Examples
ThePerseusDigitalLibrary,www.perseus.tufts.edu/
WomenWritersProjecthttp://www.wwp.brown.edu/

Tools
TextArchttp://www.textarc.org/
http://www.visualcomplexity.com/vc/project.cfm?id=5
ThePoemViewer:http://ovii.oerc.ox.ac.uk/PoemVis/index.html

Part 5: 3D Visualizations
Week 9: 3D Modeling and Printing
Reading:
*William
J.
Turkel
and
Devon
Elliott,Rapid
Prototyping
to
Support
Experimental
History,inPlayingwithTechnologyinHistoryconferencepapers
*LizNeely,PleaseFeeltheMuseum:TheEmergenceof3DPrintingandScanning,
MuseumsandtheWeb2013
3DPrintingthe19thCentury(NYTimesarticleonpatentdrawings)
HeatherEwing,3DScanninginMuseums

Examples
ArizonaStateMuseumVirtualVaultProject
Smithsonian3Dscanningteam
Scanningasteamtrainwithfrickinglaserbeams
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Lab:
3DmodelingvideosfromArchaeologysDirtyLittleSecrets,No.1,No.2,No.3.
3Dscanning,etc.:http://wwwgraphics.stanford.edu/~dk/
3Dprinting

Tools
123DCapture

Lab:
3Dprinting(where?)

Week 10: Immersive 3D


Readings:
SheilaBondeandStephenHouston,eds.,RePresentingthePast:Archaeology
throughTextandImage
JohnBonnett,FollowinginRabelais'Footsteps:ImmersiveHistoryandthe3D
VirtualBuildingsProject,JournaloftheAssociationofHistoryandComputing,vol.
6,no.2,September2003
Examples:
PompeiForumProject,UniversityofVirginia,

Lab:
TheCAVE

Weeks 11 and 12
Studentpresentations

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NOTES and Other VIsualizations


WeFeelFine:AnAlmanacofHumanEmotionbySepKamvar,JonathanHarris
Worktop
100DiagramsthatChangedtheWorld

Miscellaneous
Vistors
JohnCayleyliteratureandwriting
EviLincoln
AndyVanDam?
InterestingonCuration:http://metalab.harvard.edu/curation/
Italianmuseums:
Ecomuseums
http://www.ecomuseovaldimerse.org/(inItalian,butpotentialcollaborativeprojectto
implementEnglishversion,DiCorato,Siena)
GoogleArtproject?forexample,http://www.googleartproject.com/collection/uffizigallery/
KathyFitzpatrick,PlannedObsolesence
ManuelLimahttp://www.mslima.com/myhome.cfm

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ZoteroWebsiteforcoursebooks,articles,websites

OtherReferences/FurtherReading
Advancedvisualizations&cognition.Chapter1ofInformationVisualization:Perceptionfor
DesignByColinWare
http://books.google.com/books?id=wdh2gqWfQmgC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_
summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
Visualizationbasics,aprimeroncharts&graphicsincludingissuesofvisualperceptions
ShowMetheNumbers:DesigningTablesandGraphstoEnlightenbyStephenFew
http://www.amazon.com/ShowMeNumbersDesigningEnlighten/dp/0970601972
ONLINECOURSES

NorthwesternUniversitysIntroductiontoDigitalHumanities
OnlineCourses:
Toolingupfordigitalhumanities,http://toolingup.stanford.edu/
InformationVisualizationMOOC(IndianaUniversity)http://ivmooc.cns.iu.edu/
IfoundtheVisualizationFramework(28:59)andWorkflowDesign(19:40)segmentsofweek
1veryhelpful.AnotheraddwouldbetohaveeveryonewatchtheExemplaryVisualizationsfromweeks2,
3,4and6(theyreallprettyshort,lessthan10mineach)intheirrespectivesections(eg,temporal
exemplaryduringyourtimelineweek,etc).

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