Design of RC Structures Dr. N.

Subramanian

Oxford University Press 2013. All rights reserved.

SOLUTIONS MANUAL
CHAPTER 4

Example 4.1
Design a reinforced concrete rectangular beam to carry a B.M. of 75 kNm. Assume the width of the beam as 230
mm and use M20 concrete and high strength deformed bars with f
y
= 415 N/mm
2
.

Solution:
From Table 4.10 and 4.11,
Permissible compressive stress due to bending,
cbc
,

of M 20 concrete = 7.0 N/mm
2
Permissible tensile stress of Fe 415 steel
st
= 230.0 N/mm
2
Modular ratio = 13.33
Neutral axis constant, k =
cbc
st
m

1
1
=
7 33 . 13
230
1
1

= 0.2886
Lever arm constant, j = 1-k/3 = 1 0.2886/3 = 0.904
Moment of resistance constant, Q = 0.5 k j
cbc
= 0.5 x 0.2886 x 0.904 x 7 = 0.913
Effective depth, d =
Qb
M
=
230 913 . 0
10 75
6

= 598 mm
Using 16 mm bars and a clear cover of 25 mm, provide total depth = 650 mm
Hence, d provided = D-cover- dia. of bar/2 = 650- 25- 8= 617 mm > 598 mm.
Required area of steel, A
st
=
617 904 . 0 230
10 75
6

jd
M
st

= 585 mm
2
Provide 3- #16 mm bars. Provided area = 603 mm
2
> 585 mm
2

Example 4.2
Design a short square R.C. column to carry a load of 500 kN. Use M 30 Concrete and high strength deformed bars
with f
y
= 415 N/mm
2
.

Solution:
The permissible axial load of a short column
P =
cc
A
c +

sc
A
sc
From Table 4.10 and 4.11, For M 30 concrete and Grade Fe 415 steel:
The permissible stress in concrete in direct compression,
cc
= 8.0 N/mm
2

The permissible compressive stress in concrete in steel,
sc
= 190.0 N/mm
2

Assuming the size of column as 230 mm x 230 mm,
P =
cc
A
c +

sc
A
sc
Hence, 500 x 10
3
= 8(230 x 230- A
sc
) + 190 A
sc
Hence A
sc
= 422 mm
2

Since the area of required steel is small, provide minimum reinforcement of 0.8%
A
sc
= 0.8

mm
2

Provide 4 nos 12 mm dia bars, Provided A
sc
=452 mm
2
> 424 mm
2
. Hence safe.
Note: In addition to the above longitudinal reinforcement, sufficient transverse reinforcement should also be
provided.
Example 4.3
In a concrete work, concrete of grade M 30 is to be used. The standard deviation has been established as 4.0 N/mm
2
.
In the course of testing concrete cubes, the following results were obtained (average strength of 3 specimens tested
Design of RC Structures Dr. N. Subramanian

Oxford University Press 2013. All rights reserved.

at 28 days, in each case expressed in N/mm
2
): 35.1, 36.9, 38.7, 34.6, 27.9, 33.0, and 28 N/mm
2
. Determine whether
the concrete is acceptable.

Solution:
a) The first four tests are straightaway accepted, the sample strength being greater than the characteristic
strength of 30 MPa in each case.
b) The 5
th
test result of 27.9 N/mm
2
is less than the

characteristic strength of 30 MPa. But greater than f
ck
- 3
N/mm
2
, or 27 N/mm
2
. Average strength of the samples = (35.1 + 36.9 + 38.7 + 34.6 + 27.9)/5 = 34.64
N/mm
2
, which is greater than f
ck
+ 1.65 s (1- 1/n) = 30 + 1.65 x 5 (1-1/5) = 30 + 0.912 x 5 = 34.56
N/mm
2
and greater than f
ck
+ 3 = 33 N/mm
2
. Hence acceptable.(note that for M30 concrete, s = 5 N/mm
2
as
per Table 8 of IS 456)
c) The 6
th
result is also acceptable being greater than the

characteristic strength of 30 MPa.
d) The seventh one is equal to 28 N/mm
2
. The average strength of all 7 samples is: (35.1 + 36.9 + 38.7 + 34.6
+ 27.9 + 33.0 + 28.0) /7 = 33.45, which is less than f
ck
+ 1.65 s (1- 1/n) = 30 + 1.65 x 5 (1-1/7) = 30 +
1.026 x 5 = 35.13 N/mm
2
but greater than f
ck
+ 3 = 33 N/mm
2
. The seventh sample thus does not comply
with all the requirements given in Table 11 of IS 456. However, the acceptance will depend upon the
discretion of the site engineer. In this case, as only one specimen fails to meet single criteria, the concrete
may be accepted.