WCDMA RAN Signaling Flow

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Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
WCDMA UTRAN
Interface and Signaling
Procedure
Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page2
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Understand UTRAN interface and structure
Understand the definitions about UTRAN network elements
Understand UTRAN signaling procedure
Contents
1. UTRAN Network Overview
2. Basic Concepts about UTRAN
3. UTRAN Signaling Procedure

UMTS Network Structure
RNS
RNC
RNS
RNC
Core Network
NodeB
NodeB
NodeB NodeB
Iu-CS Iu-PS
Iur
Iub
Iub
Iub Iub
CN
UTRAN
UE
Uu
CS PS
Iu-CS Iu-PS
CS PS
Uu Interface
L3
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C-plane signaling
U-plane information
PHY
L2/MAC
L1
RLC
DC Nt GC
L2/RLC
MAC
RLC
RLC
RLC
Duplication avoidance
UuS boundary
L2/BMC
control
PDCP
PDCP L2/PDCP
DC Nt GC
RRC
RLC
RLC
RLC
RLC
BMC
radio bearer
logical channel
transport channel
General Protocol Mode for UTRAN
Terrestrial Interface
The structure is based on the principle that the layers and
planes are logically independent of each other.
Application
Protocol
Data
Stream(s)
ALCAP(s)
Transport
Network
Layer
Physical Layer
Signaling
Bearer(s)
Control Plane User Plane
Transport Network
User Plane
Transport Network
Control Plane
Radio
Network
Layer
Signaling
Bearer(s)
Data
Bearer(s)
Transport Network
User Plane
RNL Control Plane Application
Protocol
NBAP Node B Application Part
RANAP Radio Access Network Application Part
RNSAP Radio Network Subsystem Application Part
RRC Radio Resource Control
NodeB
RNC
CN
UE
RANAP
NBAP
RNSAP RRC
RNC
Iu-CS Interface (based on ATM)
ALCAP
Control Plane
Transport Network
Control Plane
User plane
Radio
Network
Layer
Transport Network
User Plane
Transport
Network
Layer

A
B
RANAP
AAL2 PATH
ATM
Physical Layer
SAAL NNI
SCCP
MTP3-B
Iu UP
SAAL NNI
MTP3-B
Transport Network
User Plane
Iu-CS Interface (based on IP)
Control Plane
User plane
Radio
Network
Layer
Transport Network
User Plane
Transport
Network
Layer

RANAP
IP
Physical Layer
IP
SCTP
Iu UP
Transport Network
User Plane
DATA LINK DATA LINK
M3UA
SCCP
RTP/RTCP
UDP
Iu-PS Interface (based on ATM)
Control Plane
User plane Radio
Network
Layer
Transport Network
User Plane
Transport
Network
Layer

Transport Network
User Plane
C
RANAP
ATM
SAAL NNI
SCCP
MTP3-B
Iu UP
AAL Type 5
IP
UDP
GTP-U
Physical Layer
Iu-PS Interface (based on IP)
Control Plane
User plane
Radio
Network
Layer
Transport Network
User Plane
Transport
Network
Layer

RANAP
IP
Physical Layer
IP
SCTP
Iu UP
Transport Network
User Plane
DATA LINK DATA LINK
M3UA
SCCP
GTP-U
UDP
Iub Interface (based on ATM)
ALCAP
Control Plane
Transport Network
Control Plane
User plane
Radio
Network
Layer
Transport Network
User Plane
Transport
Network
Layer

Transport Network
User Plane
NBAP
AAL2 PATH
ATM
Physical Layer
SAAL UNI
Iub FP
SAAL UNI
NCP CCP
Iub Interface (based on IP)
Control Plane
User plane
Radio
Network
Layer
Transport Network
User Plane
Transport
Network
Layer

Transport Network
User Plane
NBAP
IP
DATA LINK
Physical Layer
IP
Iub FP
NCP CCP
DATA LINK
SCTP
UDP
Iur Interface (based on ATM)
ALCAP
Control Plane
Transport Network
Control Plane
User plane
Radio
Network
Layer
Transport
Network
Layer

A
B
RNSAP
AAL2 PATH
ATM
Physical Layer
SAAL NNI
SCCP
MTP3-B
Iur Data
Stream
SAAL NNI
MTP3-B
Transport Network
User Plane
Transport Network
User Plane
Iur Interface (based on IP)
Control Plane
User plane
Radio
Network
Layer
Transport Network
User Plane
Transport
Network
Layer

RNSAP
IP
Physical Layer
IP
SCTP
Iur Data
Stream
Transport Network
User Plane
DATA LINK DATA LINK
M3UA
SCCP
UDP
Contents

SRNC / DRNC
SRNC and DRNC are concepts for a connected UE.
The SRNC handles the connection to one UE, and may borrow radio
resources of a certain cell from the DRNC.
Drift RNCs support the Serving RNC by providing radio resources
A UE in connection state has at least one and only one SRNC, but can
has 0 or multiple DRNCs
CN
SRNC DRNC
Interface
Data
RAB, RB and RL
RAB
RB
RL
NodeB
RNC
CN
UE
UTRAN
UE Working Modes and States
Idle Mode
Connected Mode
CELL_DCH
CELL_FACH
CELL_PCH
URA_PCH
Idle Mode
The UE has no relation to UTRAN, only to CN. For data
transfer, a signaling connection has to be established.
UE camps on a cell
It enables the UE to receive system information from the PLMN
UE can monitor PICH of a cell for paging
The idle mode tasks can be divided into three processes:
PLMN selection and reselection
Cell selection and reselection
Location registration
Connected Mode
When UE is in connected mode
The UE position can be known on different levels:
Cell level (CELL_DCH/CELL_FACH/CELL_PCH)
UTRAN Registration Area (URA) level (URA_PCH)
The UE can use different types of channels in connected
mode
Dedicated transport channels (CELL_DCH)
Common transport channels (CELL_FACH)
Connected Mode
Cell-DCH
In active state
Communicating via its dedicated channels
UTRAN knows which cell UE stays in
Connected Mode
Cell-FACH
In active state
Few data to be transmitted both in uplink and in downlink.
There is no need to allocate dedicated channel for this UE
Downlink uses FACH and uplink uses RACH
UE needs to monitor the FACH for its information
UTRAN knows which cell the UE stays in
Connected Mode
Cell-PCH
No data to be transmitted or received
Monitor PICH, to receive its paging
UTRAN knows which cell the UE stays in
UTRAN has to update cell information of UE when UE roams
to another cell
Lower the power consumption of UE
Connected Mode
URA-PCH
No data to be transmitted or received
Monitor PICH, to receive its paging
UTRAN only knows which URA (which consists of multiple
cells) that UE stays
UTRAN updates UE information only after UE has roamed to
other URA
A better way to reduce the resource occupancy and
signaling transmission
UE Working Modes and States
CELL_DCH CELL_FACH
CELL_PCH URA_PCH
IDLE
DEAD
- Scan networks (PLMN)
- Camp on a cell
- Monitor paging channel
- Cell re-selection
- Dedicated channel
- Common service,
such as voice
- Reduce activity, DRX,
and save power
RRC Connection
- Common channel
- PS service with few
data to transmit
- Reduce activity further
- Avoid unnecessary
signaling
Contents

Contents
3.1 System Information Broadcast
3.2 Paging
3.3 Call Process
3.4 Handover

System Information Broadcast Flow
UE RNC NodeB
1. System Information Update
Request
2. System Information Update
Response
3. System Information
Introduction of System Information
MIB:
PLMN tag
Scheduling information for
SB (Scheduling Block)
Scheduling information for
SIB (System Information
Block)
SB1: scheduling information for
SIB
SB2: scheduling information for
SIB (extended)
SIB1: System information for NAS and the timer/counter for UE
SIB2: URA information
SIB3: Parameters for cell selection and cell re-selection
SIB4: Parameters for cell selection and cell re-selection while
UE is in connected mode
SIB5: Parameters for the common physical channels of the cell
SIB6: Parameters for the common physical channels of the cell
while UE is in connected mode
SIB7: uplink interference level and the refreshing timer
SIB8: the CPCH static information
SIB9: the CPCH dynamic information
SIB10: information to be used by UEs having their DCH
controlled by a DRAC procedure
SIB11: measurement controlling information
SIB12: measurement controlling information in connected
mode
SIB13: ANSI-41 system information
SIB14: the information in TDD mode
SIB15: the position service information
SIB16: the needed pre-configuration information for handover
from other RAT to UTRAN
SIB17: the configuration information for TDD
SIB18: the PLMN identities of the neighboring cells to be used
in shared networks to help with the cell reselection process
System Information Block Type 1
System information type 1
The NAS system information
CS domain DRX: K=6, then DRX
period is 2^k= 2^6= 64TTI=640
ms
PS domain DRX: K=6, then DRX
period is 2^k=2^6=64TTI =640
ms
System info type 2
URA information
The references for cell selection
and re-selection
Qhyst2s
Sintrasearch
Sintersearch
Sinterratsearch
Qqualmin
Qrxlevmin
T reselection
Max Allowed UE TX power
The configuration information
for the following physical
channels and the counterpart
transport channels
PCCPCH
SCCPCH
PICH
AICH
PRACH
System Information Block Type 7 and 11
System info type 7
Including the UL interference level which is used for open loop
power control
Including the Expiration Time Factor which is used for refreshing
the SIB7 periodically

System info type 11
The neighbor cell information for cell re-selection in IDLE mode

Contents
3.2 Paging
3.3 Call Process
3.4 Handover

Paging Initiation
CN initiated paging
Establish a signaling connection
UTRAN initiated paging
Trigger the cell update procedure
Trigger reading of updated system information
Paging Type 1
If UE is in CELL_PCH,URA_PCH or IDLE statethe paging
message will be transmitted on PCCH with paging type 1
CN RNC1 RNC2 NODEB1.1 NODEB2.1 UE
RANAP RANAP
RANAP RANAP
PCCH: PAGING TYPE 1
PAGING
PAGING
PCCH: PAGING TYPE 1
Paging Type 2
If UE is in CELL_DCH or CELL_FACH statethe paging
message will be transmitted on DCCH with paging type 2
CN SRNC UE
RANAP RANAP
PAGING
RRC RRC
DCCH: PAGING TYPE 2
Contents
3.2 Paging
3.3 Call Process
3.4 Handover

Introduction of Call Process
In WCDMA system, a call process includes the following basic
signaling flows:
RRC connection flow
Direct transfer message flow
Authentication flow (optional)
Security flow (optional)
RAB establish flow
Call proceeding
NAS signaling before correlative bearer release
Correlative bearer release
RRC Connection Establishment Flow
(CCH)
UE SRNC NodeB
1. RRC Connection Request
2. RRC Connection Setup
3. RRC Connection Setup Complete
RRC Connection Establishment Flow
(DCH)
UE SRNC NodeB
2. Radio Link Setup Request
3. Radio Link Setup Response
1. RRC Connection Request
5. RRC Connection Setup
4. ALCAP Iub Data Transport
Bearer Setup
6. RRC Connection Setup Complete
Direct Transfer Message Flow
In Iu interface, radio network layer reports the RANAP
information and NAS information. NAS information is
taken as directed message in RANAP information.
UE CN SRNC
2. Initial UE Message (CM
Service Request)
1. Initial Direct Transfer
3. Common ID
Common ID
Authentication and Security Flow
UE CN SRNC
1. Direct Transfer (Authentication
Request)
2. Downlink Direct Transfer
3. Uplink Direct Transfer
4. Direct Transfer (Authentication
Response)
5. Security Mode Command
Complete
Complete
Call Setup Flow
UE CN SRNC
2. Direct Transfer (Setup)
3. Direct Transfer (Call Proceeding)
6. Direct Transfer (Alerting)
5. RAB Establishment
8. Direct Transfer (Connect)
11. Direct Transfer (Connect
Acknowledge)
RAB Establishment Flow
UE SRNC NodeB
3. Radio Link
Reconfiguration Prepare
4. Radio Link
Reconfiguration Ready
Bearer Setup
8. Radio Bearer Setup Complete
CN
9. RAB Assignment
Response
2. Iu-CS AAL2 Setup
1. RAB Assignment
Request
6. Radio Bearer Setup
7. Radio Link
Reconfiguration Commit
RRC Connection Release Flow (CCH)

UE SRNC NodeB
1. RRC Connection Release
2. RRC Connection Release Complete
RRC Connection Release Flow (DCH)

UE SRNC NodeB
1. RRC Connection Release
3. Radio Link Deletion
Request
Response
Bearer Release
2. RRC Connection Release Complete
NAS Signaling (CS)
UE MSC
CM Service Request
RRC and NAS signaling Connection Setup
Authentication Request
Authentication Response
Security Mode Command
Security Mode Command Complete
RAB Assignment
Setup
Call Proceeding
Alerting
Connect
Connect ACK
Disconnect
Release
Release Complete
UE Outgoing Call UE Terminating Call
UE
MSC
Paging Response
Authentication Request
Authentication Response
Security Mode Command Complete
RAB Assignment
Setup
Call Confirmed
Alerting
Connect
Connect ACK
Disconnect
Release
Release Complete
Paging
RRC and NAS signaling Connection Setup
UE to UE CS Call Process (1)
UE1 RNC1 NodeB1
RRC Connection Req
RRC Connection Setup
CN NodeB2 RNC2 UE2
RL Setup Req
RL Setup Rsp
ALCAP Iub Data
Transport Bearer Setup
Cmp
Initial DT Initial UE
Message (CM
Service Req)
DT
(Authentication
Req)
DL DT
UL DT
DT
(Authentication
Rsp)
Common ID
Security Mode
Cmd
Security Mode Cmd
Security Mode
Cmp
Security Mode Cmp
UL DT
DT (Setup)
DT (Call
Proceeding)
DL DT
RAB Ass Req
Iu-CS AAL2 Setup
RL Recfg Prep
RL Recfg
Ready
Paging
Paging Type 1
RRC Connection Req
RL Setup Req
RL Setup Rsp
ALCAP Iub Data
RRC Connection Setup Cmp
ALCAP Iub Data
RB Setup
RL Recfg
Commit
RB Setup Cmp
RAB Ass Rsp
RRC Connection
Setup
NAS Signaling
Setup
Authentication
and Security Flow
NAS Signaling
RAB
Establishment
UE1 RNC1 NodeB1 CN NodeB2 RNC2 UE2
Iu-CS AAL2 Setup
DL DT
Security Mode
Cmd
RL Recfg Prep
RL Recfg
Ready
ALCAP Iub Data
RB Setup
RB Setup Cmp
Initial DT
Initial UE
Message
(Paging Rsp)
Common ID
DL DT
UL DT
DT
(Authentication
Rsp)
Security Mode Cmd
Security Mode Cmp
Security Mode
Cmp
DT
(Authentication
Req)
DT (Setup)
DL DT
UL DT
DT (Call
Confirm)
RAB Ass Req
RL Recfg
Commit
RAB Ass Rsp
UL DT
DT (Alerting)
DT (Alerting)
DL DT
DL DT
DT (Connect)
DT (Connect)
UL DT
DT (Connect
Acknowlege) DT (Connect
Acknowledge)
UL DT
NAS
Signaling
UE1 RNC1 NodeB1 CN NodeB2 RNC2 UE2
Iu-CS AAL2 Release
DL DT
RL Rel Req
RL Rel Rsp
ALCAP Iub Data
Transport Bearer
Release
DT (Release)
DT
(Disconnect)
UL DT
DT (Release)
DT
(Disconnect)
DT (Release
Cmp)
RRC Connection Rel Req
RRC Connection Rel Cmp
Iu Release
Cmp
DL DT
UL DT
DT (Release
Cmp) UL DT
DL DT
Iu Release
Cmd
Iu Release
Cmp
Iu Release
Cmd
Iu-CS AAL2 Release
RRC Connection Rel Req
RRC Connection Rel Cmp
RL Rel Req
RL Rel Rsp
ALCAP Iub Data
Transport Bearer
Release
NAS Signaling
(Call Release)
Iu Release
RRC Connection
Release
PS Call Process
UE1 RNC1 NodeB1
RRC Connection Request
CN
Radio Link Setup Request
Radio Link Setup Response
ALCAP Iub Data Transport
Bearer Setup
RRC Connection Setup Complete
Initial Direct Transfer
Initial UE Message
(Service Request)
DT (Authentication
Request)
DL DT
UL DT
DT (Authentication
Response)
Common ID
Security Mode Complete
Security Mode Complete
UL DT
DT (PDP Context
Request)
DL DT
RAB Assignment
Request
Radio Link Reconfiguration
Prepare
Ready
ALCAP Iub Data Transport
Bearer Setup
Radio Bearer Setup
Commit
Radio Bearer Setup Complete
RAB Assignment
Response
RRC Connection
Setup
NAS Signaling
Setup
Authentication
and Security Flow
NAS Signaling
(Call Setup)
RAB
Establishment
DT (Service Accept)
DT (PDP Context
Accept)
DL DT
NAS Signaling
(Call Setup)
Contents
3.2 Paging
3.3 Call Process
3.4 Handover

Concepts about Soft Handover
Soft handover: the signals from different NodeBs are
merged in RNC
Softer handover: the signals from different cells, but from
the same NodeB are merged in NodeB
Soft Handover Flow (Intra-RNC)
Before Handover After Handover
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
During Handover
CN CN
CN
Soft Handover Flow
RNC (SRNC)
AirBridge
AirBridge
AirBridge
Core Network
Node B
Soft Handover Flow
RNC (SRNC)
AirBridge
AirBridge
AirBridge
Merged in NodeB
Core Network
Node B
Soft Handover Flow
Merged in RNC
RNC (SRNC)
AirBridge
AirBridge
AirBridge
Core Network
Node B
Soft Handover Flow (SRNC-DRNC)
Merged in SRNC
Node B
AirBridge
AirBridge
AirBridge
Serving RNC
Drift RNC
Core Network
Soft Handover Flow (SRNC
Relocation)
Node B
AirBridge
AirBridge
AirBridge
Serving RNC
RNC
Core Network
Typical Soft Handover Flow (L3 Signaling)
Soft handover is triggered by 1A/1B/1C or 1D event
Measurement Report (1A/1B/1C or 1D)
Measurement Control
RRC Connection Setup Procedure
RNC UE
Active Set Update
Active Set Update Complete
Measurement Control
Soft Handover Flow (Add Branch in AS)
Measurement Report
RNC UE
Active Set Update
NodeB(new)
RL Setup Req.
Decision to
setup new RL
RL Setup Rsp.
DL Synchronization
DL Synchronization
Soft Handover Flow (Del Branch from AS)
Measurement Report
RNC UE
Active Set Update
NodeB (old)
RL Deletion Req.
Decision to
delete a RL
RL Deletion Rsp.
Hard Handover
Before Handover After Handover
Radio Link can not exist simultaneously
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
SRNC
NodeB NodeB
CN CN
Intra-Frequency Hard Handover
Intra-Frequency hard handover is triggered by 1D event
Measurement Control (Intra-freq)
RNC UE
Measurement Control (Intra-Freq)
Physical Channel Reconfiguration
Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete
Decision to
setup new RL
Measurement Report (1D)
Inter-frequency Handover
Measurement Report(2D)
RNC UE
Measurement Control (Inter-Freq)
Decision to enter
compress mode
Measurement Report
Decision to
setup new RL
Measurement Control (2D & 2F)
CS Domain Inter-RAT Handover Flow
(UMTS->GSM)
Measurement Report(2D)
RNC UE
Measurement Control (Inter-RAT)
Decision to enter
compress mode
Measurement Report (GSM)
Decision to
handover to GSM
Measurement Control (2D & 2F)
Relocation Required
2G MSC 3G MSC
Prepare Handover
BSC
Handover Request
Handover Request ACK
Prepare Handover
Response
Relocation Command
Inter-System Handover Command
Handover Complete
Handover Compltet
Send END
Signal Request
Iu Release Command
Iu Release Complete
UE SGSN SRNC
3. Iu Release Command
4. Iu Release Complete
2. SRNS context transfer
1. UE triggers
inter-RAT cell
reselection
PS Domain Inter-RAT Handover Flow (UMTS-
>GSM & UE in CELL_FACH, CELL_PCH or
URA_PCH)
UE SRNC NodeB
Handover Desicion
4. Measurement Report
6. Radio Link Failure
Request
5. Cell Change Order
SGSN
8. Iu Release Command
9. Iu Release Complete
7. SRNS Context Transfer
1. Measurement Report (2D event)
2. Compressed Mode Triggered
3. Measurement Control(Inter-RAT)
Response
PS Domain Inter-RAT Handover Flow
(UMTS->GSM & UE in CELL_DCH)
Inter-RAT Handover Flow (GSM->UMTS)
UE NodeB RNC 3G MSC 2G MSC BSS
RL setup requeset
RL setup response
RL Restore Indicaton
Handover Complete
UTRAN Capacity Info
UE Capacity Info Enquiry
Relocation Requeset
Prepare Handover
Handover Request
Handover Command
Send End Signal
Request
Inter-System to UTRAN Handover Command
Clear command
Clear complete
UTRAN Capacity Info Confirm
UE Capacity Info Confirm
Relocation Requeset
ACK
Prepare Handover RSP
Relocation Complete
Send end signal
response
UE Capacity Info
Thank you
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