BSSPAR

BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS

(EDGE)
Training Document
6-90401
v 1.0
Nokia Oyj
1 (22)

BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
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6-90401
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BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
Contents
1 Module !"ecti#es$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$%
& 'ntroduction (
) GPRS C*annels$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$+
@.1 S*//o$& o# P;;;21 PB;;21 ;@11 ;@2 ..............................................A
% Priorit, Class !ased -oS $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$1.
( EGPRS Parameters$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$1)
B.1 EGPRS 7i"k A(a/&a&io" /a$a%!&!$' ................................................1@
/ D,namic A-!is Pool Creation Parameters$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$1(
+ 0o1ia Smart Radio Conce2t 3or EDGE $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$1+
4 5e, 6earning Points$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$14
7 Re#ie8 -uestions $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$&1
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BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
1 Module !"ecti#es
At the end of the module, the participant should be able to:
List the parameters that are used for (E)GPRS radio timeslot (RTSL)
classification
Explain the purpose of the !" and !# criteria in (E)GPRS
$iscuss the implementation of priorit% class based &oS in (E)GPRS
$escribe the $%namic A'bis allocation in (SS")*+
State the purpose of the ,o-ia Smart Radio oncept (SR)
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BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
& 'ntroduction
GS. timeslots are used for circuit s/itched (S) traffic and assi0ned b% the
GS. net/or-* 1n GPRS, timeslots for pac-et s/itched (PS) traffic are assi0ned
b% the Pac-et ontrol 2nit (P2) in the (S*
GPRS is enabled in a (TS usin0 GprsEnabled(GENA)(BTS)(Yes/No). This
parameter defines /hether the GPRS capabilit% is enabled in the (TS durin0
normal operation of the cell*
3ne 4uestion that arises is ho/ man% TS are to be reser5ed for each t%pe of
ser5ice* ircuit s/itched traffic has priorit% o5er pac-et s/itched traffic*
6o/e5er, /hen there are idle GS. timeslots, one /ould li-e to transmit as
much PS traffic on them*
GPRS Timeslots are classified into dedicated, default, and additional TSL*
Dedicated TSL are timeslots that are exclusi5el% reser5ed for GPRS traffic and
no S traffic can be transmitted on them* 1f con0estion occurs for circuit
s/itched traffic, then onl% dedicated GPRS traffic channels can carr% PS traffic*
Default TSLs are b% default, for GPRS traffic channels that can be d%namicall%
confi0ured to handle S load if needed* The default TSL are al/a%s s/itched to
the P2 /hen allo/ed b% the S traffic load* Additional TSL b% default ma%
carr% S traffic, but can be d%namicall% confi0ured into GPRS timeslots /hen
re4uired* $urin0 pea- GPRS traffic periods, additional channels are s/itched to
GPRS use, but onl% if the S traffic load permits that to occur*
All full rate or dual rate traffic channels are capable of carr%in0 GPRS traffic
channels* The operator can set the follo/in0:
GPRS capacit% cell b% cell and TR7 b% TR7
Amount of $edicated TSL
Amount of $efault TSL
Amount of additional TSL
(6 TR7 or non'(6 TR7 is preferred for GPRS
The boundar% bet/een S and PS territor% can mo5e d%namicall% as sho/n
belo/*
:i,*$! 1. GPRS C GS= Bo*"(a$y
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BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
The follo/in0 parameters are used for settin0 GPRS dedicated and default
capacities:
defaultGPScapacit! ("DE#)(BTS)($..%$$&) parameter defines the default
pac-et's/itched channels in a cell* 1t is used to set the percenta0e of a5ailable
RTSL for GPRS capacit%* The capacit% is 0i5en as a percenta0e of the total
capacit% of the cell* An% percenta0e is rounded up to the closest inte0er RTSL*
A settin0 of )*)"8 means " RTSL, and #)8 for a " TR7 cell also means "
RTSL* The ..L default is "8*
dedicatedGPScapacit! ("DED)(BTS)($..%$$&) is used to set the dedicated
percenta0e of pac-et's/itched RTSL for GPRS capacit%* The capacit% is 0i5en
as a percenta0e of the total capacit% of the cell* The default is )8*
1n 0eneral, $edicateGPRScapacit% 9 $efaultGPRScapacit%
terr'pdateGuardTi(eGPS (GT'GT)(BS")(%..)**) is used to set the timer
/hich elapses bet/een t/o ad:acent territor% updates* The ..L default is +*
1dle
Standb%
Read%
Pac-et
T7;R7 STA,$(<
Timer Expir%
GPRS
Attach; $etach
REA$<
Timer Expir%
.S location -no/n to
RA le5el* .S is capable
of bein0 pa0ed data
.S location
not -no/n*
Subscriber is not
reachable b% the
GPRS ,=*
.S location -no/n to
cell le5el*
.S is transmittin0 or has
:ust been transmittin0*
:i,*$! 2. GPRS =o+i.i&y =a"a,!%!"& S&a&!'
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BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
) GPRS C*annels
GPRS introduces se5eral ne/ lo0ical channels to the GS. air interface* There
are no dedicated si0nallin0 channels as in GS.* The Pac-et $ata hannels
(P$6) are used for data and si0nallin0*
PB""+ The Pac-et (roadcast ontrol hannel is a do/nlin- onl%
channel for broadcastin0 pac-et data (GPRS) specific s%stem information
messa0es to all GPRS enabled .S in a cell* 1f the P(6 is not
allocated, the pac-et data specific S1 is broadcast on the (6*
P"""+ The Pac-et ommon ontrol hannel (P6) consists of
lo0ical channels used for common control si0nallin0 for pac-et data*
There are four t%pes of P6: PRA6, PAG6, PP6 and P,6*
PA"+ The Pac-et Random Access hannel is an uplin-
onl% channel, /hich the .Ss use for uplin- traffic channel re4uest
and for obtainin0 the timin0 ad5ance* The normal GS. RA6 can
also be used for this, in case there is no P6 allocated in the cell*
PP"+ The Pac-et Pa0in0 hannel is a do/nlin- onl% pa0in0
channel used to pa0e the .S prior to do/nlin- pac-et transfer* The
PP6 can be used for pa0in0 of both S > PS data ser5ices* The
normal GS. P6 can be used for GPRS in case there is no P6
allocated in the cell*
PAG"+ The Pac-et Access Grant hannel is a do/nlin- onl%
channel used for resource assi0nment durin0 the pac-et transfer
establishment phase* The normal GS. AG6 can be used in case
there is no P6 allocated in the cell*
PN"+ The Pac-et ,otification hannel (onl% in GPRS Phase#) is a
do/nlin- onl% channel used for the PT.'. notifications to a 0roup
of .Ss before PT.'. pac-et transfer*
PDT"+ The Pac-et $ata Traffic hannel is reser5ed for GPRS pac-et
data transfer* A P$T6 corresponds to the resource allocated to a sin0le
.S on one ph%sical channel for user data transmission* 1n multislot
operation, one .S ma% use multiple P$T6s in parallel for indi5idual
pac-et transfer* P$T6 are uni'directional as opposed to T6 in GS.*
PA""+ The Pac-et Associated ontrol hannel (bi'directional) is a
si0nallin0 channel dedicated for a certain .S* The si0nallin0 information
could include ac-no/led0ements, po/er control, resource assi0nments or
reassi0nment messa0es*
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BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
PT""+ The Pac-et Timin0 ad5ance ontrol hannel is used in the
uplin- direction for the transmission of random access bursts to estimate
the timin0 ad5ance for one mobile* 1n the do/nlin- direction one PT6
is used to transmit timin0 ad5ance information to se5eral .Ss* PT6
information is transmitted in positions "# and !? of the +# multiframe
structure*
@i0ure !* GPRS Lo0ical hannels
)$1 Su22ort o3 PCCC9: PBCC9: C)1: C)&
This feature /ill brin0 dedicated 6 capacit% for (E)GPRS ser5ices usin0
P6* 1t is selected usin0 the follo/in0:
preferB""+fre,GPS(B#G)(BTS)(Yes/No) is used to set that the (6
TR7 is to be used for GPRS channel allocation* (% default, this 5alue is set to
,o*
The ne/ cell re'selection criteria !" and !# are pro5ided as a complement to
the current GS. cell re'selection criteria* !";!# pro5ide a more 0eneral tool,
/hich ma-es cell plannin0 for GPRS similar to existin0 plannin0 in GS.* !"
is a si0nal stren0th criterion used to decide /hether prioritised cell re'selection
shall be used* @or cells that fulfil the !" criterion, the cell /ith hi0hest priorit%
class shall be selected* 1f more than one cell has the hi0hest priorit%, the one of
those /ith the hi0hest !# 5alue shall be selected* 1f no cell fulfils the !"
criterion, the one amon0 all cells /ith the hi0hest !# 5alue shall be selected*
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BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
P(6 broadcasts pac-et data specific S%stem 1nformation (for example !"
and !# cell selection criteria)* 1f P(6 is not allocated, the pac-et data
specific s%stem information is broadcast on (6, and existin0 ";# are
used*
,ote: P6;P(6 are mapped to o/n timeslot* 1t should be confi0ured on
the same TR7 as (6 in the case of .ulti'band cell*
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BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
% Priorit, Class !ased -oS
At a s%stem le5el, the concept of APriorit% lassB is introduced* This is based on
combinations of GPRS $ela% class and GPRS Precedence class 5alues* Pac-ets
/ill be e5enl% scattered /ithin (E)GPRS territor% bet/een different timeslots*
After this, pac-ets ha5in0 hi0her APriorit%B are send before those pac-ets ha5in0
lo/er APriorit%B*
AG"+
A-ailabilit!
A-ailable
"apacit!
TB# Session Success
PDT"+
A-ailabilit!
Eit.er
P"'
or
T/
Data "onnection Success
ead!
State
send
A"+
Establis.
0((ediate
Assi1n(ent
Get
PD"+
e,uested
TSL
to
Allocated
TB#
Session
elease
p.ase
:i,*$! 4. E'&a+.i'i", a TB: a"( '!"(i", Da&a - </.i"k
Pa1in1
Success ate
A-ailabilit!
A-ailable
"apacit!
TB# Session Success
'plin2
TB#
Establis.(ent
Data "onnection Success
0n
Standb!
Pa1in1
#ro(
Net3or
2
Establis
.
'plin2
TB#
0((ediate
Assi1n(ent
e,uested
TSL to
Allocated
TB#
Session
elease
P.ase
:i,*$! B. E'&a+.i'i", a TB: a"( '!"(i", Da&a - Do-".i"k
urrentl% all T(@s (GPRS calls) ha5e same priorit%* All users and all
applications 0et same ser5ice le5el* The needs from different applications differ
and mechanisms to ha5e separate ser5ice le5els are re4uired* GS.
specifications define &oS functionalit%, /hich 0i5es a possibilit% to
differentiate T(@s b% dela%, throu0hput and priorit%* Priorit% (ased Schedulin0
is introduced as the first step to/ards &oS* =ith Priorit% (ased Schedulin0
operator can 0i5e users different priorities* 6i0her priorit% users /ill 0et better
ser5ice than lo/er priorit% users* There /ill be no extra bloc-in0 to an% user,
onl% the experienced ser5ice 4ualit% chan0es*
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BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
The schedulin0 al0orithm 0i5es each lin- a so'called latest ser5ice time, before
/hich the connection should 0et a chance to use the radio resource* After the
lin- has used the radio resource it is 0i5en a ne/ latest ser5ice time, /hich is
the current time plus a predefined step* The connection that has the smallest
latest ser5ice time 0ets to use the radio resource* Periodicall% the schedulin0
al0orithm comes and chec-s on the 4ueue* 1n ,o-ia GRPS Release "((SSC),
these steps are set to the same constant 5alue for all T(@s* This in effect
produces a round robin li-e 4ueuin0 s%stem*
The ne/ al0orithm is priorit% based* 1t selects the best possible timeslot /ithin
territor% and then prioritises the T(@s residin0 in that timeslot so that the T(@
/ith the hi0hest priorit% 0ets the most air interface* As the solution does not
affect the allocation process, the number of customers ser5ed sta%s constant
/hen compared to ,o-ia GPRS release "*
Each timeslot has a 4ueue in /hich the T(@s /ait for their turn to use the radio
air interface* After the T(@ has used its air interface time, it increases its latest
ser5ice time to the current time plus itDs schedulin0 step siEe* The use of the
current time is explained b% ne/ T(@s comin0 in to the s%stem, all T(@s must
start from the same situation*
The al0orithm has a direct impact on the schedulin0 al0orithm* The siEes of the
schedulin0 steps ha5e to be set so that the% reflect the handin0 out of radio
resources, because the time a certain lin- has control of the radio resource is
decided b% the schedulin0 al0orithm* Each ser5ice class is 0i5en fair amounts of
radio time* The onl% exception bein0 best effort customers, /ho are 0i5en a
small share of the radio interface* Priorities are implemented b% 0i5in0 different
schedulin0 step siEes for different &oS classes* Schedulin0 step siEes are
operator ad:ustable* There are F &oS classes for uplin-, and ! &oS classes for
do/nlin-*
Table belo/ 0i5es some su00ested 5alues for the step siEes* The actual
parameter 5alues /ill be operator ad:ustable and ,o-ia su00ested 5alues /ill be
presented based on simulations*
QoS class "gold" "silver" "bronze" Best effort
Step size 3 6 9 12
Ta+.! 1. S!& o# ')!(*.i", '&!/ 'iE!'
This al0orithm pro5ides priorities bet/een T(@s in the same timeslot so that the
T(@s that ha5e the same &oS 0et an e4ual share of airtime* 6o/e5er e4ual air
time does not pro5ide e4ual data rates for the T(@s in the same timeslot, it onl%
0uarantees that inside a &oS 0roup the air time is di5ided e4uall% and that a
hi0her &oS class 0ets more air time*
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BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
:i,*$! 6. E4a%/.! o# &$a"'%i''io" &*$"'
.obile specific flo/ control is part of the &oS solution in the P2* This feature
/or-s to0ether /ith the SGS, to pro5ide a stead% data flo/ to the mobile from
the net/or-* 1t also is an effecti5e countermeasure a0ainst buffer o5erflo/s in
the P2*
Priorit% (ased Schedulin0 in (S is standard feature and subscriber priorit%
needs to be defined in 6LR once this feature is ta-en into use*
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BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
( EGPRS Parameters
The follo/in0 parameters are used in EGPRS (GE$GE H GPRS):
(ase Transcei5er Station 6andlin0 parameters (P(T6A,):
E1prsEnabled (EGENA)(BTS)(Y/N)(N) is used to enable or disable
EGPRS on (TS le5el* All TR7s of the (TS ha5e to be E$GE capable*
(a4GPScapacit!("5A/)(BTS)(%..%$$&)(%$$&)6 /ith this parameter,
%ou define the maximum number of pac-et s/itched channels in a (TS*
1prsNonB""+4le-'pper (GP')(BTS)(7%%$ .. 789 dB()(7:* dB() sets
the minimum po/er le5el the .S has to recei5e to allocate resources from
the (TS*
1prsNonB""+4le-Lo3er (GPL)(BTS)(7%%$..789 dB()(7%$$ dB()6
=ith this parameter, %ou define the threshold /hen reallocation to better
(TS in SEG must be done* (TSs preferred /ith direct GPRS access
threshold are selected*
directGPSaccessBts (D0E)(BTS)(7%$ .. %$ dB()($ dB(): =ith this
parameter %ou define /hich (TSs ma% be used for GPRS or EGPRS
/ithout si0nal le5el measurements* This parameter defines the si0nal le5el
compared to non (6 la%er offset* =hen the 5alue of this parameter is
hi0her than the 5alue of the parameter non (6 la%er offset the direct
GPRS access to non (6 la%er (TS is applied* This is used in initial
channel allocation and reallocation*
Po3er "ontrol +andlin1 para(eter (P;TE)6
BepPeriod (BEP)(BTS)(%<)<=<8<*<9<%$<%)<%*<)$<)*)(%$) parameter defines
the bit error probabilit% filter a5era0in0 period for EGPRS channel 4ualit%
measurements
($1 EGPRS 6in1 Ada2tation 2arameters
The follo/in0 parameters are used in EGPRS lin- adaptation*
init5csAc25ode(5"A)(SEG)(%..:)(:) parameter indicates the
.odulation and odin0 Scheme (.S) used in the be0innin0 of a T(@ for
ac-no/led0ed mode
init5cs'nac25ode(5"')(SEG)(%..:)(>) parameter indicates the
.odulation and odin0 Scheme used in the be0innin0 of a T(@ for
unac-no/led0ed mode
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BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
(a4BlerAc25ode (BLA)(SEG)(%$..%$$&)(:$&) parameter is used to
indicate maximum bloc- error rate((LER) of first transmission in
ac-no/led0ed mode
(a4Bler'nac25ode (BL')(SEG)(%..%$$&)(%$&) parameter sets the
maximum (LER in unac-no/led0ed mode
(eanBep;ffsetG5S? (5BG)(SEG)(7=% ..=%)($) parameter is used to
ad:ust the .S and modulation preferences* This is the offset added to
reported G.SI mean (EP 5alues before (EP table loo-ups* The 5alue
applies to both uplin- and do/nlin- directions*
(eanBep;ffset@PS? (5BP)(SEG)(7=% ..=%)($)6 =ith this parameter %ou
can ad:ust the .S and modulation preferences* This is the offset added to
reported ?PSI mean (EP 5alues before (EP table loo-ups* The 5alue
applies to both uplin- and do/nlin- directions*
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BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
/ D,namic A-!is Pool Creation
Parameters
$%namic A'bis allocation in (SS")*+ is a solution for hi0her data rates of
EGPRS to ensure cost efficienc% and flexible A'bis transmission capacit%
addition* The $%namic A'bis functionalit% allocates A'bis transmission capacit%
to cells /hen needed instead of reser5in0 full fixed transmission lin- per TR7*
As data rates per radio timeslot can 5ar% bet/een ?*? and +C*# -bps, traditional
static A'bis allocation does not use transmission resources efficientl%* The
$%namic A'bis feature uses existin0 A'bis more efficientl% b% splittin0 P.s
into permanent timeslots for si0nallin0 and 5oice or data and a d%namic pool for
data* The pool can be shared b% a number of transcei5ers* The $%namic A'bis
transmission solution sa5es up to J)8 in the A'bis transmission expansion cost
as it allo/s A'bis dimensionin0 to be performed near to the a5era0e data rates
instead of pea- rates* This also applies to the number of #. (S interfaces
needed*
$%namic A'bis is implemented as a soft/are feature* &ualit% of ser5ice is
impro5ed b% the $%namic A'bis method, /hich uses allocation of circuit
s/itched connections under real time centralised control* The implementation
of shared transmission channel connection pools is supported b% ,o-ia cellular
transmission cross connection products and made eas% /ith the ,o-ia ,etAct
transmission net/or- plannin0 tool*
:i,*$! D. Dy"a%i) A-+i'
1mplementation of A'bis channel mappin0 is arran0ed so that traditional (not
E$GE) TR7s are connected normall% to (S, /ith a "K -bps point'to'point
lin- from the T6 to the (S* E$GE TR7s are confi0ured sli0htl% differentl%
6-90401
v 1.0
Nokia Oyj
1B (22)
BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
as the basic capacit% is reser5ed for si0nallin0 (TR7S1G, (@S1G)* The (S
allocates A'bis capacit% for calls (5oice or data) from the pool /hen re4uired*
The capacit% for calls can be reser5ed in "K-bps bloc-s* @or e5er% E$GE TR7,
there is a fixed "K -bps allocation for TR7S1G and in addition, capacit% needed
for calls is reser5ed from the $%namic A'bis Pool* This $%namic A'bis pool
can be common for man% E$GE TR7s located at 5arious sites*
.aximum number of TR7s per $%namic A'bis pool is !# due to si0nallin0
re4uirements of (S2 unit*
0nter3or2in1 3it. ot.er No2ia features
0SDN A7bis
1S$, A'bis and $%namic A'bis allocation can not be used to0ether*
;pti(ised A7bis allocation
3ptimised A'bis allocation becomes unnecessar%, because the traffic channels
are allocated on a call basis and since si0nallin0 lin-s are fixedl% allocated*
Satellite A7bis
Satellite A'bis connections can be d%namicall% allocated*
GPS
GPRS territor% method and EGPRS use the d%namic A'bis*
"o(patibilit! 3it. base stations
(SS")*+ solution for the $%namic A'bis is compatible /ith ,o-ia .etroSite
and 2ltraSite E$GE base station E$GE TR7s*
6-90401
v 1.0
Nokia Oyj
16 (22)
BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
+ 0o1ia Smart Radio Conce2t 3or EDGE
,o-ia Smart Radio oncept (SR) is an important ne/ feature for 0ettin0 the
maximum E$GE benefit, first phase supported b% ,o-ia 2ltraSite E$GE base
station /ith (SS") hard/are and soft/are*
SR is a no5el feature that /ill enhance the radio performance of the (TS, both
in E$GE and GS. mode* The ,o-ia SR includes a combination of di5ersit%
solutions applied in both uplin- and do/nlin- directions* The ,o-ia SR for
E$GE is used to impro5e radio lin- performance to ensure maximum co5era0e,
impro5ed data capacit% and hi0h ser5ice 4ualit%* @or utilisin0 the ,o-ia SR,
E$GE capable e4uipment is re4uired*
8 3a! uplin2 di-ersit! and 0nterference eAection "o(binin1< 0"
1n the (SS") the uplin- performance ((TS reception) is enhanced /ith the
combination of 1nterference Re:ection ombinin0 5ia F'/a% di5ersit% reception
of the (TS and sensiti5it% optimised hi0h'0ain ,o-ia 2ltraSite .asthead
Amplifiers (2ltraSite .6A introduced alread% in (SSC)*
1R tries to null correlated noise recei5ed b% both antennas*
6-90401
v 1.0
Nokia Oyj
1D (22)
BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
4 5e, 6earning Points
GprsEnabled(GENA)(BTS)(Yes/No) is used to define /hether GPRS
capabilit% is enabled in the (TS durin0 normal operation of a cell*
DefaultGPScapacit! ("DE#)(BTS)($B%$$&) parameter defines the
default pac-et s/itched channels in a cell* 1t is used to set the percenta0e
of a5ailable TSL for GPRS capacit%*
DedicateGPScapacit! ("DED)(BTS)($B%$$&) is used to set the
dedicated percenta0e of pac-et s/itched TSL for GPRS capacit%*
1n 0eneral, $edicateGPRScapacit% 9 $efaultGPRScapacit%
Terr'pdateGuardTi(eGPS (GT'GT)(BS")($ B )**) is used to set
the timer bet/een t/o ad:acent territor% updates* The ..L default is +*
PreferB""+fre,GPS(B#G)(BTS)(Yes/No) is used to set that the
(6 TR7 is to be used for GPRS channel allocation* (% default, this
5alue is set to ,o*
The !" and !# feature /ill brin0 dedicated 6 capacit% for GPRS and
EGPRS ser5ices*
P6 comprises lo0ical channels for pac-et common control si0nallin0 and
consists of PRA6 PP6, PP6, PAG6, and P(6*
,e/ cell re'selection criteria !" and !# complement current GS. cell re'
selection criteria " and #*
!" is a GPRS si0nal stren0th criterion for prioritised cell re'selection* 1f
man% cells satisf% !", the cell /ith hi0hest priorit% class is selected*
!# is used to specif% cell priorit%* 1f more than one cell has the hi0hest
priorit% in !" or if no cell satisfies !", the cell /ith hi0hest !# 5alue
is selected*
1f P(6 is not allocated, the pac-et data specific s%stem information is
broadcast on (6, and existin0 cell reselection GS. ";# are used*
Priorit% lass based &oS is based on GPRS $ela% class and GPRS Precedence
class 5alues* 1nitiall% pac-ets are distributed /ithin (E)GPRS timeslots* Then,
pac-ets ha5in0 hi0her priorit% are sent before those ha5in0 lo/er APriorit%B*
Priorit% based schedulin0 allo/s pac-ets to be transmitted in order of priorit%*
Schedulin0 al0orithm sets each T(@ a latest ser5ice time durin0 /hich user
pac-ets are transmitted* The connection /ith smallest ser5ice time uses radio
resource first* Each timeslot has a 4ueue in /hich T(@s /ait for their turn to
use the timeslot* =hen user has transmitted its pac-ets, the ser5ice is stepped:
latest ser5ice time G current time H predefined step*
1n ,o-ia GRPS Release "((SSC), steps are set to a constant 5alue for all T(@s
resultin0 in a round robin 4ueuin0 s%stem, i*e* all T(@s ha5e same priorit%*
6-90401
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Nokia Oyj
1A (22)
BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
The siEes of schedulin0 steps ha5e to be set so that the% reflect the handin0 out
of radio resources* Priorities are implemented b% 0i5in0 different schedulin0
step siEes for different &oS classes* Schedulin0 step siEes are operator
ad:ustable* There are F &oS classes for uplin-, and ! &oS classes for do/nlin-*
GPRS and EGPRS data rates per RTSL can 5ar% bet/een ?*? and +C*# -bps*
Static A'bis allocation reser5es full fixed transmission lin- per TR7 and hence
does not use transmission resources efficientl%*
$%namic A'bis allocation in (SS")*+ is a solution, /hich d%namicall% allocates
A'bis transmission capacit% to (E)GPRS cells /hen needed* 1ts principles are
Existin0 A'bis P.s are split into permanent timeslots for si0nallin0 and
5oice or data and a d%namic pool for data*
The pool can be shared b% a number of transcei5ers*
A'bis dimensionin0 uses a5era0e data rates instead of pea- rates*
1t is implemented as a soft/are feature*
1mplementation of A'bis channel mappin0 is arran0ed so that
Traditional (non E$GE) TR7s are connected to (S, /ith a "K -bps
point'to'point lin- from the T6 to the (S*
E$GE TR7s are confi0ured such that basic capacit% is reser5ed for
si0nallin0 (TR7S1G, (@S1G)*
(S allocates A'bis capacit% for calls (5oice or data) from the pool /hen
re4uired* The capacit% for calls can be reser5ed in "K-bps bloc-s*
@or e5er% E$GE TR7, there is a fixed "K -bps allocation for TR7S1G
and in addition, capacit% needed for calls is reser5ed from the $%namic
A'bis Pool* This $%namic A'bis pool can be common for man% E$GE
TR7s located at 5arious sites*
.aximum number of TR7s per $%namic A'bis pool is !# due to
si0nallin0 re4uirements of (S2 unit*
,o-ia Smart Radio oncept (SR) is an important ne/ feature for 0ettin0 the
maximum E$GE benefit* The first phase is supported b% ,o-ia 2ltraSite
E$GE base station /ith (SS") hard/are and soft/are*
The ,o-ia SR includes a combination of di5ersit% solutions applied in both
uplin- and do/nlin- directions*
The ,o-ia SR for E$GE is used to impro5e radio lin- performance to ensure
maximum co5era0e, impro5ed data capacit% and hi0h ser5ice 4ualit%*
1n the (SS") the uplin- performance ((TS reception) is enhanced /ith the
combination of 1nterference Re:ection ombinin0 5ia F'/a% di5ersit% reception
of the (TS and sensiti5it% optimised hi0h'0ain ,o-ia 2ltraSite .asthead
Amplifiers (2ltraSite .6A introduced alread% in (SSC)*
6-90401
v 1.0
Nokia Oyj
19 (22)
BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
"*"*" SGS, parameters
1.E1 hec- .ode (16.) 3,
Authentication .ode (A2.) 3,
PT.S1 Si0nature .ode (PS.3) 3,
ipherin0 .ode in 2se (1P1,2SE) 3,
ipherin0 .ode After S%stem Reset (1P) 3,
Read% State Timer (R$<) )))'FF mm's
.S Reachable Timer (.SRT) )K)')) mm's
Periodic RA 2pdate Timer (PRA2) )+F')) mm's
LLR Periodic leanin0 Start Time (T1.) )):)) hh:mm
$etached Subscriber Stora0e Time (STT) ))"')) ddd'hh
2tilisation Rate $ependent leanin0 (2$) ?) 8
2tilisation Rate Mero Limit (2$L) ")) 8
@orced to Standb% (@TS) <
RA Pa0in0 Repetition (RPR) !*+ s
RA Pa0in0 Area (RPA) #
SGS, Pa0in0 Area (SPA) )
DNS
Check, if round-robin is in use.
Bind version 8.1.2 should be used in Rel.1
Bind version 8.2.4 should be used in Rel.2
GGSN
Check GT !unnelin" !o#$rds Gn
Check !unnelin" !o Gi %&2T, 'in', GR(, 'sec)
Rou!in" *ro!ocol in Gn
Rou!in" *ro!ocol in Gi
+ccess lis!
Check &'( %,uer- !o &'C fro. GGSN for ever- D
con!e/!0)
:i,*$! A. Pa$a%!&!$ 9!$i#i)a&io"
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Nokia Oyj
20 (22)
BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
7 Re#ie8 -uestions
&"* =hich of the follo/in0 parameter(s) is;are used to define RTSL that are
permanentl% allocated for pac-et s/itched data transmission
a) GprsEnabled(GENA)(BTS)(Yes/No)
b) DefaultGPScapacit! ("DE#)(BTS)($B%$$&)
c) DedicateGPScapacit! ("DED)(BTS)($B%$$&)*
d) Terr'pdateGuardTi(eGPS (GT'GT)(BS")($ B )**)
e) PreferB""+fre,GPS(B#G)(BTS)(Yes/No)
f) All of the abo5e*
&#* =hich of the follo/in0 is true about !" and !#N
a) 1t brin0s dedicated 6 capacit% for GPRS and EGPRS ser5ices*
b) 1t complements current GS. cell re'selection criteria " and # and is onl%
used /hen P(6 is allocated*
c) !" is a GPRS si0nal stren0th criterion for prioritised cell re'selection*
d) 1f man% cells satisf% !", the cell /ith hi0hest priorit% class is selected*
e) !# is used to specif% cell priorit%*
f) All of the abo5e*
&!* =hen is !# usedN
a) 1f man% cells satisf% !" criterion and onl% one cell has hi0hest priorit%*
b) 1f man% cells satisf% !" and more than one cell has the hi0hest priorit%*
c) 1f no cell satisfies !" but cell reselection has to be performed*
d) riteria (a), (b) and (c)
e) riteria (b) and (c)
&F* 6o/ is priorit% class based &oS used in GPRS and EGPRSN
a) 1t is used in ,o-ia GRPS Release "((SSC) to pro5ide + different &oS for
users*
b) 1t enables priorit% usa0e of P(6 and (6*
c) 1t 0i5es priorit% to users pac-ets on a first come first ser5e basis*
d) 1t allo/s pac-ets to be transmitted in order of priorit% based on GPRS
$ela% class and GPRS Precedence class 5alues*
6-90401
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Nokia Oyj
21 (22)
BSSPAR- GPRS & EGPRS (EDGE)
e) All of the abo5e*
&+* =hich of the follo/in0 about priorit% class schedulin0 al0orithm is
@ALSEN
a) Sets T(@Ds a latest ser5ice time durin0 /hich user pac-ets are transmitted*
b) The connection /ith lar0est ser5ice time uses radio resource first*
c) Each timeslot has a 4ueue in /hich T(@s /ait for their turn to use the slot*
d) =hen user has transmitted its pac-ets, the ser5ice is stepped
latest ser5ice time G current time H predefined step*
&K* 6o/ man% &oS classes are pro5ided in ,o-ia (SS")*+N
a) F &oS classes for uplin-, and F &oS classes for do/nlin-*
b) ! &oS classes for uplin-, and ! &oS classes for do/nlin-*
c) F &oS classes for uplin-, and ! &oS classes for do/nlin-*
d) ! &oS classes for uplin-, and F &oS classes for do/nlin-*
e) ,one of the abo5e*
&J* =hat is difference bet/een static and d%namic A'bis allocationN
a) (E) GPRS data rates per radio TS can 5ar% bet/een ?*? and +C*# -bps*
b) Static A'bis d%namicall% allocates full fixed transmission lin- per TR7*
c) $%namic allocation does not use transmission resources efficientl%*
d) $%namic A'bis allocates A'bis transmission capacit% to (E)GPRS cells
/hen needed rather fixed allocations*
e) ,one of the abo5e
&?* =hat are the principles of $%namic A'bis AllocationN
a) Existin0 A'bis P.s are split into permanent timeslots for si0nallin0 and
5oice or data and a d%namic pool for data*
b) A pool of P. timeslots can be shared b% a number of transcei5ers*
c) A'bis dimensionin0 uses a5era0e data rates instead of pea- rates*
d) 1t is implemented as a soft/are feature in ,o-ia (SS")*+*
e) All of the abo5e*
6-90401
v 1.0
Nokia Oyj
22 (22)