ABSTRACT

Rizki Pristiandi Harahap, 2120122500 9. POLITICAL ISLAM IN INDONESIA

(Historical Analysis of the Masyumi Political Movement 1945-1960). Thesis Graduate
Program of Institute for Islamic Studies of Sumatera Utara (IAIN-SU), 2014.
One of the achievements of political Islam in creating a state ideology that based
on Islam by establishing of the Jakarta Charter, the command for adherents to implement
Islamic law. However, a day after the independence day of Republic of Indonesia,
Islamic elements should be abolished. This policy is done in order to maintain the
integrity and unity of Indonesia, therefore, changes to the charter Jakarta has encouraged
Islamic group to hold a congress on December 7-8, 1945, and was formed Masyumi as a
place of struggle for Islamic groups.
This paper reviews by using three ways: The first, collect data both of primary
and secondary. The second, detailing the elements necessary to support the data and its
interpretation, and the third, by displaying the struggle of Masyumi party by positioning
of political Islam in Indonesia. Based on the work steps, the author uses two methods of
assessment, namely descriptive and historical analysis.
Islam has contributed in fighting for Indonesian independence from colonialism,
the struggle both of physical and non-physical. In the era of independence, Masyumi as
Islamic party fight for Islam as a state ideology. Therefore, Masyumi as a political
symbol in Indonesia eventually dissolved by the first president of Indonesia, Ir.Sukarno.
Some of the reason for the dissolution of the Masyumi party, such as the principles and
ideas of struggle is seen very contrary to its political opponents in Constituent Assembly,
against the policies of President Sukarno on guided democracy, considered has hampered
the process of revolution, accused of involvement in PRRI, and considered to protect
DI/TII.
Implicitly, Masyumi success in Constituent Assembly was still below
expectations, the struggle of Masyumi in Constituent Assembly fails to return the
sentence "with the Islamic Shari'ah must run for adherents" contained in the Jakarta
Charter into state ideology. This raises profound disappointment for followers of Islam.
Masyumi struggle wants the State of Islamic formed, this desire led to the
suspicion of excessive, even suspecting every Muslim leaders who emerged in the
political arena in Indonesia until the expiration of the new order.
Based on this study it was found that to achieve an Islamic state is not possible,
because in Islam there is no clear rules to regulate forms of life in the state. This was
shown in dialogue of constituent assembly, where there is no figure of political Islam that
suggests how to manage a country according to Islam, although Islamic political groups
assumes that problem can be solved by means of ijtihad.