24-25 February, 2014

THEME




Organized by



National Association of psychological Science-INDIA

On
24-25 February, 2014



Publication Partner:



Venue:



Post Graduate Government College,
Sector-46, Chandigarh INDIA




















































ABSTRACT BOOK


INTERNATIONAL DIGNITARIES

Prof. Abdul Khalique, (USA) Prof, Azizur, Rahman (Bangladesh), Prof. Kamal Uddin,
(Bangladesh), Dr. Harmesh Kumar (USA), Prof. Mudita Rastogi (USA), Pritika Sejwal,
(Switzerland), Ruby Charak (Denmark). Raibul Ahosun (Malaysia).


ORGANIZING COMMITTEE:

Manika Mohan Saxena, Bhupendra Singh, Rakesh Goyal, Sanjit Sardar, Prashanta
Dass, Mahander Singh, Praveen Chaubey, Gobind Chandra Sethi, Mukesh
Chauhan, Savneet Bedi, Prashant Gaurav.

SPECIAL INVITEES:

Dr. S.S. Phulia, IAS, Deputy Commissioner, Panchkula, Haryana
Dr. Gurjeet Kaur, (Principal) P.G. Govt. College, Sector-46, Chandigarh




Conference Director Organizing Secretaries
Dr. Roshan Lal Dahiya Dr. Rajesh Kumar
+91 9417882789 +91 9417723474














THE EFFECT OF RISK TAKING BEHAVIOR AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL
BEING SPORTS PERSONS AND NON SPORTS PERSONS
*Samerjeet Kaur **Anju Gautam
ABSTRACT
This research paper was aimed at investigating the effect of risk taking behavior and
psychological well being of sports persons and Non sports persons. A random sample of 80
subjects. Risk Taking Behavior and Psychological well being questionnaire was administered on
the subjects which is an objectively scoreable test devised to give the most complete coverage of
both areas in brief time. Anova test will be used for data analysis. Detailed results will be
presented in the paper.
About Authors:
*Lecturer, Department of Psychology, Ch.Charan Singh University, Meerut.
**Research Scholar Department of Psychology, H.N.B Garhwal University, Shrinagar Garhwal


SELF EFFICACY, MENTAL HEALTH AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS
ANDROGYNIZATION OF ROLES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SPORTS WOMEN
AND NON-SPORTS WOMEN
Anupama Srivastava*
ABSTRACT
The purpose of present study was to compare self efficacy, mental health and attitude towards
androgynization of roles of sports women and non-sports women.An attempt was also made to
study the relationship between self-efficacy, mental health and attitude towards androgynization
of roles. Data were collected from 50 young females actively involved in sports and 50 not
involved in sports (Sports women have been operationally defined in the present study as those
females who are actively involved in playing sports at least 18 hours per week). The age range
of the females selected for the study was 19 to 22 years.
The results indicated that sports women and non-sports women do not significantly differ with
respect to self-efficacy. A key finding of the study was that mental health of the females who
were playing sports was better than those not playing sports. The attitude of sports women
towards androgynization of roles was poorer as compared to those of non-sports women. The
hypotheses for the research that sports women will have better Attitude towards androgynization
of roles as compared to non-sports women has not been supported by the findings of the study.
The author strongly advocates engaging females in sports for promoting their mental health.
Key Words: Self efficacy, Mental Health, androgyny, sports.
About Authors:
*Senior Lecturer, Amity Institute of Behavioral and Allied Sciences, Amity University of Haryana,
Manesar.


RELATION BETWEEN AGGRESSION, LONELINESS AND FEELING OF
ISOLATION AMONG EARLY ADOLESCENTS

*Rajesh Kumar ** Roshan Lal **Anupama

ABSTRACT

The main purpose of this research was to determine the relation between aggression, loneliness
and feelings of isolation among early adolescents. The sample comprised 100 school going
children with the age range from 12 -14 years. For this purpose, Aggression scale developed by
(Buss and Perry, 1992) and Loneliness Scale developed by Russell, D., Peplau, L. A. and
Ferguson, M. L. (1978) was used to collect the data. The obtained data were statistically
analyzed. Results revealed that the results of boys and girls did not show and significant
differences but they were significantly different when the high and low groups were studied.

Key words: Aggression, Loneliness, isolation, adolescent.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, P.G. Govt. College, Sector-46, Chandigarh
** Asst. professor of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh
***Student (MA II), IGNOU Regional center, Sector-14, Panchkula


EFFICACY OF COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY IN OBSESSIVE-
COMPULSIVE DISORDER- A REVIEW

Archna Sharma* Manreet Kaur** Jaspreet Kaur*** B.S. Chavan****

ABSTRACT

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disabling neuropsychiatric disorder.
Pharmacotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) are currently the most effective
interventions for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Cognitive-behavioural therapy
refers to two distinct treatments: exposure and response prevention and cognitive therapy.The
"exposure" part of this treatment involves direct or imagined controlled exposure to objects or
situations that trigger obsessions that arouse anxiety. Over time, exposure to obsessional cues
leads to less and less anxiety. Eventually, exposure to the obsessional cue arouses little anxiety at
all. This process of getting "used to" obsessional cues is called "habituation."The "response" in
"response prevention" refers to the ritual behaviours that people with OCD engage in to reduce
anxiety. In ERP treatment, patients learn to resist the compulsion to perform rituals and are
eventually able to stop engaging in these behaviours. In cognitive therapy, patients are asked to
pay particular attention to thoughts and feelings related to these situations. In CT, the focus is on
how participants interpret their obsessions and helps participants identify and re-evaluate beliefs
about the potential consequences of engaging or not engaging in compulsive behaviour, and to
work toward eliminating this behaviour.
Over 40 years of published research has led to the wide consensus among researchers and
clinicians that CBT is an effective treatment for OCD. A meta-analysis to examine the efficacy


of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) revealed
sixteen randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) with a total sample size of 756 participants. Results
indicated that CBT outperformed control conditions on primary outcome measures at post-
treatment and at follow-up.
About Authors:
*&**&***Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh
****Department of Psychiatry, GMCH, Chandigarh



DEFENSE MECHANISMS IN PSYCHOLOGY TODAY

*Manreet Kaur **Archna Sharma ***B.S. Chavan

ABSTRACT

What is the scientific status and the "truth value" of the concept of defense mechanisms?
Although the concept of the defense mechanism was rejected from academic psychology for a
number of years, recent empirical studies show renewed interest in defenses. Cognitive
psychologists have confirmed the existence of unconscious psychological processes, a requisite
for defenses. It is argued that defense mechanisms are in many ways to be seen as integrative
constructs, not necessarily restricted to psychoanalytic theory and that the potential fields of their
application have a wide ranging scope, comprising many fields of psychology.
Developmental, personality, and social psychologists have all found evidence for defense
mechanisms that explicate psychological functioning. The relevance of this new information for
clinical practice will be discussed. Regardless of theoretical orientation, the increasing body of
evidence for psychological functioning outside of awareness and for defenses has important
implications for any- one involved in the treatment of patients, either medical or psychiatric. In
sum, "defenses provide a diagnostic template for understanding distress and for guiding the
clinical management of psychology's most baffling and frustrating clients".
______________________________________________________________________________
About Authors:
*,**&***Deptartment of Psychiatry, GMCH, Chandigarh


PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS IN PAIN MANAGEMENT
*Jaspreet Kaur **Archna Sharma ***Mandeep S Dhillon
ABSTRACT
Psychological factors are central to the experience of pain and for the specific treatment of
chronic pain and disability. Pain is the most common reason for patients to enter healthcare settings and
also, the most common reason given for selfmedication. Pain interrupts all other activity and arrests
current behaviour. People are different and respond differently to paininducing stimuli and to attempts at
pain management. The importance of psychological factors in the expression, understanding and


treatment of pain was recognized in early theories. The advancement of the psychology of behaviour in
the 1950s -1960s and the role of environment in shaping treatment behaviour and complaining behaviour
was also further developed. These theories were clinical in nature as they arose from the growing problem
of patients suffering from chronic unremitting pain and disability. Psychology of pain assesses various
global factors such as personality, gender, age and culture etc. The persistent attempts to react and adapt
to pain and its widespread destructive consequences often result in a range of emotional problems, such as
depression, anxiety and painrelated fear.
Improvement in pain management can often be brought about by very simple, subtle, changes in
clinical practice. Although simple, these changes can have significant effects in the experience of pain,
distress and use of healthcare resources. For the chronic pain patient, the presentation is much more
complex and the treatment interdisciplinary and programmatic. The evidence for the effectiveness of
cognitive behaviour therapy for adults with chronic pain is now well established. This treatment should be
available as a core part of any chronic pain service.
About Authors:
*Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh
**Department of Psychiatry, GMCH, Chandigarh
***Department of Orthopaedics, PGIMER, Chandigarh


AN EXAMINATION OF THE RELATION BETWEEN KAREN HORNEYS
TRIPARTITE NEUROTIC TRENDS AND AFFILIATIVE MOTIVES
*Arun Kumar
ABSTRACT
The present study was undertaken to examine the relations between Horneys Tripartile
Neurotic trends, (i.e., moving towards, away and against people) and affiliative motives explored
by Mclelland and his associates, i.e., need for affiliation (nAff), and need for intimacy
(nIntimacy). For this one hundred male students in the age range of fifteen to seventeen years
from the 12
th
class were undertaken. The participants were selected without any bias through an
incidental manner from government schools of Chandigarh. To measure the neurotic tendencies
Self Orientation Scale (SOS) for the self analysis and Peer Rating Scale (PRS) for peer
observation were developed and to measure nAff and nIntimacy adapted TAT test was used.
Critical analysis of the data revel that nAff has significant correlation with moving towards
others (SOS), nAff(total) has significant correlation with moving towards others (SOS).
nIntimacy has positive significant correlation with moving towards others (SOS) and negative
significant correlation with moving away from others (SOS). After correlation analyses, to see
the non-linear trends, the eta coefficients and F values were calculated among nAff, nAff(total)
and nIntimacy on the one hand and neurotic trends as measured by the SOS and PRS on the other
hand. F values are significant for nAff scores and the sores of moving away from others (PRS)
and moving towards others (PRS). nAff(total) has significant F value with moving away from
others (SOS). After making the scatter diagrams where the F values are significant, the


nonlinear trends were indicated in some of the relationships of affiliative motives and three
interactional patters are partiality overlapping.
Key Words: Neurotic trends, Affiliative motives, intimacy motives
About Authors:
* Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar



CONSUMER BEHAVIOR: A STUDY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTOR
*Arvinder Kaur
ABSTRACT
Buying Behavior is the decision processes and acts of people involved in buying and using
products.Consumer behavior helps to understand:
Why consumers make the purchases that they make?
What factors influence consumer purchases?
The changing factors in our society.
Consumer Buying Behavior refers to the buying behavior of the ultimate consumer. A firm needs
to analyze buying behavior for:
Buyers reactions to a firms marketing strategy has a great impact on the firms success.
The marketing concept stresses that a firm should create a Marketing Mix (MM) that
satisfies (gives utility to) customers, therefore need to analyze the what, where, when and
how consumers buy.
Marketers can better predict how consumers will respond to marketing strategies.
There are four type of consumer buying behavior:
Routine Response/Programmed Behavior--buying low involvement frequently purchased
low cost items; need very little search and decision effort; purchased almost
automatically. Examples include soft drinks, snack foods, milk etc.
Limited Decision Making--buying product occasionally. When you need to obtain
information about unfamiliar brand in a familiar product category, perhaps. Requires a
moderate amount of time for information gathering. Examples include Clothes--know
product class but not the brand.
Extensive Decision Making/Complex high involvement, unfamiliar, expensive and/or
infrequently bought products. High degree of economic/performance/psychological risk.
Examples include cars, homes, computers, education. Spend a lot of time seeking
information and deciding.
Information from the companies MM; friends and relatives, store personnel etc. Go
through all six stages of the buying process.


Impulse buying, no conscious planning.
Categories that affect the consumer buying decision process.A consumer, making a purchase
decision will be affected by the following three factors:
1. Personal
2. Psychological
3. Social
The present paper will discuss the psychological factors responsible for consumer behavior.
About Authors:
*Dept. of Commerce, PG Dept. of Commerce, PG Govt. College Sector-46, Chandigarh
E mail ID: arvindarpal@rediffmail.com


COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CONGENITAL AND ACQUIRED DISABILITY ON
SELF-CONCEPT AMONG ORTHOPAEDICALLY CHALLENGED ADOLESCENTS
*Ashfia Nishat **Musaddiq Jahan
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present investigation was to see the difference of self-concept between congenital and
acquired disability among orthopaedically challenged adolescents. 50 orthopaedically challenged
adolescents (25congenital and 25acquired) were recruited to complete the measures of the self-concept
scale developed by R. K. Saraswat (1971). They were selected from different schools of Aligarh Muslim
University. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to see the difference of self-concept between
congenital and acquired disability among orthopaedically challenged adolescents.
About Authors:
*Research Scholar Department of psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh.E-mail:
nishat.asfia@gmail.com
**Associate ProfessorDepartment of psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh.E-mail:
musaddiq.jahan@gmail.com



ALLEVIATING BEHAVIOURAL DISORDERS THROUGH ISLAMIC/SPIRITUAL
PRACTICES

*Asif Hasan



ABSTRACT
Islam emphasizes the meaning of life which provides a strong support in the development of
character strength of human beings. This paper is an attempt towards identifying the influence of
Islamic practices on personality development. It has been advocated that most of the people
suffer from behavioural problems such as envy, jealousy, hatred, conceit etc. Religious/spiritual
practices can help and alleviates such types of behavioural problems. Islamic practices such as
prayer, medication, fasting, reading scriptures, play a very significant role in improving health-
related quality of life and in managing anxiety, stress and depression. Studies on the
effectiveness of religious/spiritual practices are rather scanty. The present author suggests that
these practices need to be examined with regards to the effectiveness in further researches.
About Authors:
*(M.A II SEMESTER) Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P
Email Id: hasan7686@gmail.com

CRIMINAL PSYCHOLOGY AND JUVENILE DELINQUENCY- A CONCEPTUAL
ANALYSIS

*Atif hasan **Umama zehra

ABSTRACT

A child is born innocent and if nourished with tender care and attention, he or she will blossom
with faculties- physical, mental, moral and spiritual, into a person of stature and excellence. On
the other hand, noxious surroundings, neglect of basic needs, bad company and other abuses and
temptations would spoil the child and would likely turn him a delinquent.In recent years, it has
become very clear that juvenile delinquency is the most important aspect of the subject matter of
criminal psychology. Delinquent behavior has assumed serious forms among the juveniles,
which is a sign of sick society.It is generally believed that the mere ecological elements or even
the shortcoming of social control is not the sole factor that results in the creation of afavourable
place for commitment of crime and delinquency. Additionally, poverty, job instability and lack
of educational achievement or depression as a whole, could be the determinant factors for
delinquency commitment. The main aim of this paper to understand what may be the reason(s)
which compel the child psychologically to get involved in crime.
Authors Address:
* (4
th
year B.A.LL.B student), Department of Law,Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P
Email Id: atif.sk8r@gmail.com
**(4
th
year B.A.LL.B student), Department of Law,Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P
Email Id: zehra.h.umama@gmail.com

NOISE POLLUTION: A MODERN PLAGUE OF 21
st
CENTURY
*Nongzaimayum Tawfeeq Alee **Asif Hasan


ABSTRACT
Noise is defined as unwanted sound. Environmental noise pollution, a form of air pollution, is a
threat to health and well-being. It is more severe and widespread than ever before, and it will
continue to increase in magnitude and severity because of population growth, urbanization. It
will also continue to grow because of sustained growth in highway, rail, and air traffic. Noise
produces direct and cumulative adverse effects that impair health and that degrade residential,
social, working, and learning environments with corresponding real (economic) and intangible
(well-being) losses. It interferes with sleep, concentration, communication, and recreation. In this
paper that how noise pollution had become a plague for 21
st
century. Throughout recorded
history, mankind has been plagued by a variety of both natural and man-made ills. In the 21st
Century, we are experiencing the man made plague of environmental noise from which there is
virtually no escape, no matter where we are - in our homes and yards, on our streets, in our cars,
at theatres, restaurants, parks, arenas, and in other public places. Despite attempts to regulate it,
noise pollution has become an unfortunate fact of life worldwide.
Authors Address:
*&**(M.A II SEMESTER), Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P
Email Id: lucifer9290@gmail.com

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INDIVIDUAL AND TEAM GAME PLAYERS ON
LOCUS OF CONTROL, SELF ESTEEM AND RESILIENCE
*Aayu Mehmi

ABSTRACT
Sport can be defined as vigorous physical activity that, for the purposes of discovering limits of
ones capabilities, or for fun, amusement and diversion, involves competition against oneself or
another or a confrontation with natural elements. The locus of control refers to the extent to
which individuals believe that they can control events that affect them. In psychology, the term
self-esteem is used to describe a person's overall sense of self-worth or personal
value.Psychological resilience is an individual's tendency to cope with stress and adversity.

The aim of the present investigation was to compare individual and team game players on self-
esteem, resilience, and locus of control. For this purpose, 30 individual game players and 30
team game players were selected within the age group of 19-22 years. The locus of control was
measured by using Rotters Locus of control (Julian Rotter, 1966), the self-esteem was measured
by using Rosenbergs self-esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1965), and the resilience was measured
using Resilience Scale (Wagnild and Young, 2009). The statistical analysis employed was T-
ratio. Results indicated no significant differences amongst individual and team game players on
self-esteem, resilience and locus of control.
Authors Address:
*Student, MCM DAV College for Women, Sector 36-A, Chandigarh



THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANXIETY AND ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE
*Bhagwat Singh **Rameh Mehta
ABSTRACT
Anxiety before or during athletic competitions can hinder your performance as an athlete. The
coordinated movement required by athletic events becomes increasingly difficult when your
body is in a tense state. A certain level of physical arousal is helpful and prepares us for
competition. But when the physical symptoms of anxiety are too great, they may seriously
interfere with your ability to compete. Similarly, a certain amount of worry about how you
perform can be helpful in competition, but severe cognitive symptoms of anxiety such as
negative thought patterns and expectations of failure can bring about a self-fulfilling prophecy. If
there is a substantial difference between how you perform during practice and how you do
during competitions, anxiety may be affecting your performance.Some types of athletes are more
prone to feeling the effects of anxiety on performance. Amateur athletes are more likely than
seasoned professionals to experience anxiety that interferes with their ability to perform in
competition -- this makes sense due to their relative lack of experience both in competition and
in managing arousal. Athletes who participate in individual sports have also been found to
experience more anxiety than those who play team sports. Common sense suggests that being
part of a team alleviates some of the pressure experienced by those who compete alone. Finally,
there is evidence that in team sports, when a team plays at the venue of the opposition (known as
an "away" game) anxiety levels tend to be higher than when playing at home. Again, common
sense would indicate that having greater fan support and more familiarity with the venue plays a
role in anxiety levels during competition.How are elite athletes consistently able to rise to the
challenge when faced with tough competition? Research shows that self-confidence plays a role
in how you respond to symptoms of anxiety during athletic performance. People who are
confident in their abilities are more likely to have a positive reaction to arousal and anxiety and
thrive on the challenge of competition. Elite athletes are often so focused on their behaviour that
they interpret arousal as excitement rather than anxiety. In general, self-confidence tends to be
highest when you believe in your ability and feel that you have properly prepared for a
competition. Worry and confidence are at opposite ends of the spectrum when confidence is
strong; it tends to crowd worry out of the mind.
Authors Address:
*Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Post Graduate Government College
Sector 11 Chandigarh, India.
**Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Post Graduate Government College
Sector 11 Chandigarh, India.


HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY: NO HEALTH WITHOUT MENTAL HEALTH
*Bharti **Rajesh Kumar ***Roshan Lal


ABSTRACT
The field of health psychology is one that is always on the cutting-edge of research because it is
heavily dependent on the ever-changing medical field. Students choosing health psychology as a
topic should have a particular field of medicine in mind as they begin to research. Health
psychology can cover a wide variety of topics, most of which explore the relationship between
physical health and emotional and cognitive well-being. Mental health is an integral and essential
component of health. The World Health Organisation Constitution states that "Health is a state of
complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity", and the UN General Assembly Resolution on the Right to Health declares that
everyone should enjoy the "highest attainable standard of physical and mental health". Mental
health is a state of well-being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope
with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and is able to make a contribution to his
or her community. In reality, however, mental health is often not given the attention it deserves
as a global health issue. Mental health affects progress towards the achievement of several
Millennium Development Goals, such as promotion of gender equality and empowerment of
women, reduction of child mortality, improvement of maternal health, and reversal of the spread
of HIV/AIDS. Mental health awareness needs to be integrated into all aspects of health. In this
paper, we explore the global context of mental health with regard to the health.
Authors Address:
*Student MA (Psychology), IGNOU Regional Center, Sector-14, Panchkula
**Asst. Professor, Dept. of Psychology, P.G. Govt. College, Sector-46, Chandigarh
***Asst. Professor, Dept. of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh


A STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 'TRIGUNA' AND MENTAL HEALTH,
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EXPERIENCE

*Bodhraj kumkaria **O.P. Sharma

ABSTRACT

The present research aims to study the Eastern concept of Vedic personality traits comprising of
Gunas- Sattva, Rajas and Tamas in relation to Mental Health, Positive and Negative Experience
in Indian people. A sample of 100 people of Jaipur city of India (pertaining to diverse
professional disciplines) was selected, consisting of 50 females and 50 males. The age range of
the sample was between 30 to 45 years. The Mental Health Continuum - Short Form (MHC-SF;
Keyes, 2009), Scale of Positive and Negative Experience SPANE (Diener, Wirtz, Tov, Kim-
Prieto, Choi, Oishi, & Biswas-Diener, 2009) and Vedic Personality Inventory (VPI; Wolf, 1998)
were used in this research. VPI is based on the three gunas which according to the Das Gupta
(1961) are the universal characteristics of all kinds of mental tendencies. These gunas facilitate
the behavior style of an individual. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis. The results
revealed significant correlations between specific Vedic Personality Gunas and other variables of
interest. Significant positive relationships between Sattva guna (symbolized by purity, wisdom,
serenity, love of knowledge and spiritual excellence in Indian philosophy) with Emotional well
being Psychological well being, Social well-being Positive Experience and negatively correlated


with Negative Experience were obtained. In contrast, Rajas (which is symbolized by egoism,
activity, restlessness and desire after mundane things) and Tamas (related to qualities such as
bias, negligence, distortion in taste, thought) were negatively correlated with all well-being
indicators except negative experience which is positively correlated. Results of the study point at
interesting connections between Indian and Western holistic approach to understand well-being
and its indicators.

Keywords: mental health, Triguna, Vedicpersonality, well-being
Authors Address:
* Ph.D. Research scholar, department of psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur (India)
** Associate professor, department of psychology, University of Rajasthan,Jaipur (India)

COMPARISON OF PRO-SOCIALLY ACTIVE AND INACTIVE COLLEGE GOING
STUDENTS ON POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL

*Chandan Preet **Megha Aggarwal ***Shruti Shourie

ABSTRACT

Pro-social activity has proven effects on well being of people, though motivation to involve in
the same can enhance the experience of well being. The present study aims to compare the
positive psychological capital among pro-socially active and inactive college going students. For
this purpose, 40 students enrolled under National Social Scheme (N.S.S), 40 college students
enrolled under voluntary social service group (Nav Sankalp) and 40 not involved in any pro-
social activity are selected as study sample. The selection of participants is based on the
inclusion criterion of minimum 1 year of active enrolment in the selected social service group.
The participants are administered standardized measures of Forgiveness, Gratitude, Satisfaction
with life and Altruism. The t-ratios are computed to determine group differences. Results will be
discussed in the light of earlier findings.
Authors Address:
*Research Scholar, D.A.V College, Sector 10, Chandigarh
**Research Scholar, D.A.V College, Sector 10, Chandigarh
***Asst. Prof., D.A.V College, Sector 10, Chandigarh


BEHAVIOURAL PSYCHOLOGY AND MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSION
*Chandrapal ** Anoop Jakhmola
ABSTRACT
The focus of health care today is proactive the emphasis is on illness prevention and wellness
promotion. Health care delivery systems are oriented to preventing disease by promoting healthy
lifestyle, rather than solving problems after they exist. This is not only due to the continuing rise
in health care costs, but also the evolving global health problems that are primarily
behaviourally-based. Consequently, health care delivery systems that recognize the physical and


behavioural etiologic of disease and focus on disease prevention and health promotion are
becoming even more critical.As a health profession, psychology has evolved from one with a
concentration on mental health to one that includes behavioural health. By applying their
knowledge and skills about behaviour, psychologists play an integral role in helping people
modify their behaviour to prevent or reduce the risk of disease and illness. Because of their
understanding of interrelationships between biological, social, emotional, and cognitive
processes, psychologists play an important role in helping individuals recover from illness or
related physical and mental dysfunction. Psychologists work in primary, secondary, and tertiary
health care settings as members of inter professional health care teams, as well as independent
practice. They provide inpatient and outpatient services, depending on the setting, to persons
with acute and chronic health problems, emphasizing maintenance of health and prevention of
illness. Psychologists work in varied settings including hospitals, correctional institutions,
schools, and nursing homes. Across the roles or functions, some psychologists focus their
practice in behavioural medicine, including rehabilitation, while others focus more on mental
health services. Some of the problems addressed by psychologists in these different roles or
emphases of practice are summarized below.
Authors Address:
*&**Trained Graduate Teacher (Physical Education Teacher), NVS, Moga, Punjab, India.

WHO AM I? SELF IDENTITY
*Divya Malik
ABSTRACT
Adolescence & Identity Crisis is a much discussed phenomena. Who am I? A question everyone
at some point will ask themselves. Identity crisis is something that every adolescent must go
through. Some have a much more difficult time with it than others but everyone must struggle
with this concept of finding out who they are to some degree or another. Who you are is your self
identity, the way you look at yourself and your relationship to the world. Self Identity refers
to the global understanding a person has of themselves. It is not restricted to the present. It
includes part selves and future selves. Future selves or possible selves represent individual ideas
of what they might become, what they would like to become and what they are afraid of
becoming. They correspond to hopes, fears, standards, goals and threats. Identity Crisis is a state
marked by confusion and conflict or a situation that needs to be resolved. It refers to a time of
great turmoil in a persons life in which they struggle with understanding who they are. It occurs
between the ages of ten and twenty. In it, young men and women must try out many different
roles to develop a healthy path for their lives. As growing individuals, their personality
dimensions play an important role in their being. The present study attempts to explore the
relation between personality dimensions and identity crisis of adolescents. In the present study,
standardized tests were administered to obtain the scores on self-image of students and scores on
different dimensions of personality. Based on the results of the study it was observed that
personality dimensions of the adolescents do not play any role in causing identity crisis among
adolescents. They are rather helpful in making them smart, confident, bold and well adjusted
beings. As such personality adds the self image. The study conducted therefore indicates that


personality does not interfere in any manner in the growing of adolescents and hence does not
contribute to any conflict or crisis of identity.
Authors Address:
*Student, BA I, Guru Gobind Singh College for Women, Sector 26, Chandigarh.

SPIRITUALITY AND DEATH ANXIETY

*Madhu Bala **Anita moral

ABSTRACT

Spirituality can refers to an ultimate or an alleged immaterial reality; an inner path enabling a
person to discover the essence of their being; or the deepest values and meanings by which
people live. Humans face the reality of death. Some people are more anxious about death than
other are. The paper examines the effect of spirituality and gender on death anxiety. The sample
consisted of 100 subjects.50 highly spiritual (25 Male and 25Female) and 50 low spiritual
(25Male and 25Female) subjects were selected with the help of spirituality scale. After that the
level of the death anxiety was measured. For the analysis Mean, S.D and 2x2 Factorial design
was used. Findings of the study revealed that Spirituality affects significantly death anxiety but
no significant difference was found in male and female death anxiety. And significant
relationship has been found between gender and death anxiety.

Key words: Spirituaity and Death Anxiety.
Authors Address:
*Assistant Prof., Dept. Psychology, R.B.S College, Agra.
**Assistant Prof., Dept. Psychology, S.V. P.G College, Aligarh. Email: dr.madhu_25@yahoo.com


COPING WITH CAREGIVING: STRATEGIES AND RESOURCES ACCESSED

*Meeta Malhotra **Komilla Thapa

ABSTRACT

Coping is the process of managing taxing circumstances, expending effort to solve problems, and
seeking to master or minimize stress. The way in which the person copes with stressful events
and whether or not his coping efforts are successful in reducing stress, are important for the
individuals health and well being. In this study an attempt was made to study coping strategies
adopted by the caregivers of the mentally ill family member. Qualitative descriptive design was
used. 75 caregivers were interviewed belonging both to urban and rural areas. In-depth
interviews were done and qualitative inquiry was used to enable the caregiver to articulate their
story in personal way. It is clear that caregivers utilized varied coping strategies depending on
their circumstances. Caregivers vary in their styles of tackling problems and coping with stress.
Some of the caregivers indulged in wishful thinking while others adopted a more practical
approach. Some avoided thinking about their problems while others interacted with other


caregivers facing similar problems. The main form of coping utilized by caregivers was related
to temporality, the need to live each day as it comes without making long term plans, and to
rationalize.
Key words: Coping, Stress, Caregiving, Burden
Authors Address:
*Sr. Lecturer, Amity Institute of Behavioural and Allied Sciences, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon
**Prof. Department of psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad


EFFICACY OF JYOTI KENDRA PREKSHA AND SVASA PREKSHAIN
ENHANCING EMOTIONAL STABILITY OF ADOLESCENTS
*Namarta Kapoor**J.P.N. Mishra ***Batani Devi
ABSTRACT

In present age, it is a challenge to remain physically and mentally healthy. Yoga and
meditation has emerged as one of the strong alternative to maintain and promote wellness of
masses. The objective of present study was to assess the effects of meditation i.e. Jyoti Kendra
Preksha and Svasa Preksha on emotional stability of adolescents. The sample of the present
study constituted 75 adolescents aged between 15 to 17 years with low emotional stability. There
were two experimental groups and one control group. A pre-test, post-test, control group,
randomized subjects, experimental design has been employed to conduct the present study.
Training in Jyoti Kendra Preksha and Svasa Preksha was given to the experimental groups for
four months whereas no training was given to the control group. The conclusion of this study signifies
thatthe emotional stability of the subjects who were provided training through Jyoti Kendra
Preksha and Svasa Prekshahas increased substantially.The outcome of this research indicates
clearly that various kinds of problems related to emotional instability among the students can be
managed through the practice of Jyoti Kendra Preksha and Svasa Preksha.

Key words: Jyoti Kendra Preksha, Svasa Preksha
Authors Address:
* Lecturer Yoga and Health Care, GMSSS, 47-D, Chandigarh.
** Head, Department of Sc. of living, Preksha Meditation and Yoga, Jain Vishva Bharati University,
Ladnun (Rajasthan).
***Associate Professor, Dev Samaj College of Education, Chandigarh.


COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE AMONG WORKFORCE
OF EDUCATION AND CORPORATE SECTOR

*Neena Sawhney **Sneh Bansal

ABSTRACT



Any organization academic or corporate relies significantlyon theirhuman capital to achieve
their goals. For academic institutions, the faculty force is salient in optimizing educational
resources forproducing outstanding students. As for the corporate Prof. Wong has said, for
companies to survive in the 21st century in the face ofeconomical downturn and global
competition, it would be helpful toseek inspiration from Above [God/heaven] and tap into the
employeesspiritual resources. Spirituality can be viewed as a form of intelligence because it
predicts functioning and adaptation and offers capabilities that enable people to solve problems
and attain goals and has a significant influence on the quality of life. Spiritual intelligence is the
human capacity to ask questions about the ultimate meaning of life and the integrated
relationship between us and the world in which we live. It results in an increase in psychological
well-being of individuals as well as enabling them to have a goal in their life.
Realizing the importance of spiritual intelligence in present times a descriptive study using the
Spiritual Intelligence Scale by Dhar and Dhar (2010) will be conducted to measure and compare
the range of spiritual intelligence among the teachers of secondary school and employees of
corporate sector. The results will be statistically analyzed using mean, SD and T ratio. High,
Normal and low range of spiritual intelligence in dimensions of Benevolence, Modesty,
Conviction, Compassion, Magnanimity and Optimism will be compared and assessed. Graphical
representation of data will be done wherever necessary.
Keywords: Spirituality, Intelligence, Teachers, Corporate employees, Psychological well being
Authors Address:
*Principal, Chandigarh College of Education, Landran, Mohali
**Assistant Professor, Chandigarh College of Education, Landran, Mohali



PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AT WORK PLACE

*Jagpreet Kaur **Ramanjeet Kaur

ABSTRACT

Well-being is the state of being happy, healthy and prosperous in life. It is related to feeling
satisfied and confident so that one could take care of responsibilities effectively. It does not only
mean to be physically healthy but it refers to ones feeling of happiness and satisfaction with life
in terms of physical, mental, social, emotional and spiritual directions. It requires harmony
between mind and body. Psychological well-being is such an aspect of well-being which refers
to how people evaluate their lives. The evaluation could be in the form of cognitions or in the
form of affect. The cognitive part is when a person provides conscious evaluative judgments
about ones satisfaction with life. The affective part is guided by emotions and feelings.
Psychological well-being is as important to an individual as good physical health. Like, in all
other fields of life, a psychologically sound person performs well at his work place. Good
psychological well-being leads to better memory, motivation, self-efficacy, positive judgements
about others, being more productive and fewer distractions.It fosters the development of
organizational commitment among employees. So, psychological well-being of staff is a pre-
requisite for their effective performance at work.
Key Words: Psychological Well-Being, Workplace, Performance.


Authors Address:
*Assistant Professor, Dept. of Education and Community Service, Punjabi University, Patiala
**Junior Research Fellow, Dept. of Education and Community Service, Punjabi University,
Patiala


DEPRESSION AMONG ADOLESCENTS AS RELATED TO THEIR FAMILY
ENVIRONMENT AND SELF PERCEPTION OF THEIR PROBLEMS

*Reetinder Brar

ABSTRACT


This work was an endeavor to study Depression among Adolescents as related to their Family
Environment and Self Perception of Problems. To conduct this study, the objectives kept in
mind were, (a) To examine the relationship of Depression with Family Environment, (b) To
examine the relationship of Depression with Problems in adolescents, (c) To assess the conjoint
predictability of Family Environment and Problems in adolescents with Depression, (d) To
compare high and low depressed adolescents on the Family Environment and Problems faced by
them, (e) To compare the difference in Depression, Family Environment and Problems in male
and female adolescents. The sample of investigation consisted of students of science stream from
two educational institutions of the Chandigarh, selected purposively. 100 adolescents were
selected randomly consisting of fifty male and fifty females belonging to middle socio-
economic strata. Standardized tools such as Beck Depression Inventory- Second Edition (BDI-
II) by Beck, (1994), Family Environment Scale by Vohra, (1997) and Student Problem Checklist
(Department of Educational Psychology and Foundation of Education, NCERT, undated) were
used to measure depression, Family Environment and Problems of adolescents respectively.
The findings revealed that depression was high in the adolescents whose families lack cohesion,
expression, independence and recreational orientation. The depression was more in the families
with more competitive framework, moral orientation and organization. Moreover, findings also
show that the depression is more in the adolescents who are suffering from various problems
related to health, economic status, social anxiety, family, self perception, anxiety, religion,
occupation, school and studies. Depression was found to be more in females than that of males.
______________________________________________________________________________
Authors Address:
*Associate Prof. Govt. Home Science College, Sector 10, Chandigarh



ADJUSTMENT PATTERN OF HOMEMAKERS AND CAREER WOMEN HAVING
MALE AND FEMALE OFFSPRING

*Saba Firdos **Sheema Aleem

ABSTRACT



It appears that women face considerable stress throughout their life cycle. This becomes more
complex after marriage particularly after the birth of a child. Women face unfairness, right from
the childhood. A gender disparity in nutrition from infancy to adulthood has been reported by
studies. Generally, girls have a smaller amount of breastfeeding in the period of early years.Sex
compositions of offspring have been recognized as one of the prominent factors which are
creating the negative impact on adjustments. Adjustment in terms of Home, Health, Social &
Emotional aspects of women. With this objective the present study was designed to assess
adjustment pattern of homemakers and career women having male offspring only, female
offspring only and offspring of both sexes. Mohsin-Shamshad Hindi adaptation of Bell
Adjustment inventory (Modified form 1987)was used for the purpose of the study. Findings
reported that main effect of women were found significant on three dimensions (Home, Health &
Emotional) of adjustment except only on health adjustment as well as total adjustment also
reported significant by women. No significant difference were highlighted among offsprings
however interaction effect (Women x Offsprings) were found significant on emotional
adjustment.

Key Words:Home Makers, Career Women, Off-spring, Adjustment.
Authors Address:
*Research Assistant & **Assistant Professor
Centre for Early Childhood Development & Research Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi

& Deptt. Of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi



CRISIS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING IS A HUGE THREAT TO HUMAN
EXISTENCE

*Shalu Koikara

ABSTRACT

Psychological well being is something that everybody aspires for but at the same time it remains
as a mirage for many. Modern life has allured man with its technologies, commodities and magic
ways to earn money. Man lives in a fantasy world illusioned by the material attractions that it
offers. He never realizes the danger that is hidden in those modern commodities. Though his
experiences prove again and again that material richness would not quench his thirst for real
wellness and happiness he hardly learns from them.
Man searches for something where it is not found out and herarely approaches the real source
where he can have it in abundance. The very pattern of life that man leads keeps him away from
his goal and offers him only worries, anxieties and distress. The fast increasing rate of mental
illness shows howunhealthy human mind has become. Whatever may be produced by the
unhealthy mind is unhealthy only. Solely a healthy mind can produce a healthy ambient and vice
versa. A disordered mind creates a disturbed family and various such families givebirth to a
crippled society which in turn produces multi disordered minds. This is a huge threat to the
human existence itself. The present study analyses how the micro systems play a crucial role in
the formation of the human mind. It also provides evidences for the decreasing wellness of
human psyche especially of the young minds as a result of faulty perceptions about it and wrong


life style. The study also proposes some suggestions and practical guidelines to enhance the
decaying wellness of human psyche.
Author Address:
*Chief Clinical Psychologist,Holy Family Hospital, Thodupuzha, Kerala


ROLE OF REHABILITATION PSYCHOLOGIST IN PROVIDING INSTRUCTIONAL
STRATEGIES TO DIFFERENTLY ABLED CHILDREN

*Sukhwinder Kaur

ABSTRACT


Rehabilitation is an integrated program of interventions that empowers differently abled children
to achieve personally fulfilling, socially meaningful, and functionally effective interaction in their daily
contexts. Rehabilitation Psychologists are uniquely trained and specialized to engage in a broad range of
activities including clinical practice, consultation, program development, service provision, research,
teaching and education, training, administration, development of public policy and advocacy related to
differently abled children. Rehabilitation Psychologists provide services with the goals of increasing
function and quality of life of differently abled children. Since disability impacts multiple areas of a
childs life, rehabilitation psychologists provide services within the network of biological, psychological,
social, environmental, and political environments to assist in achieving optimal rehabilitation goals
through intervention, therapeutic support, education, consultation and interdisciplinary collaboration.
Rehabilitation psychologists also plan and conduct teaching programs to reduce or ameliorate the
negative impact of disability and optimize the well-being of differently abled children.Thus, rehabilitation
psychologists help in removing obstacles to independence and aid in changing the destiny of differently
abled children. The paper would disseminate knowledge about role of rehabilitation psychologist and will
discuss succinct instructional strategies for differently abled children.

Keywords: Rehabilitation, Psychologist, Strategies, Differently abled children
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Deptt. of Community Edu. & Disability Studies,Panjab University, Chandigarh.


MANAGEMENT OF SOLID WASTE-AN ESSENTIAL PREREQUISITE FOR
POLLUTION FREE SOCIETY(A Case Study)

*Usha Tickoo**Sheetu Raina

ABSTRACT

There are numerous examples of effect of air, water and land pollution affecting the psycho-
social life of people. Polluted land can be very unattractive. This can make people feel unhappy
or angry. Solid waste is unwanted material disposed off by man which can either flow into the
stream directly or escape immediately into atmosphere. The mental and physical pollution are


serious problems, which can be prevented by making people aware about their responsibilities
towards management of garbage and help them to work together to improve the environment.
The present area of study is the Tomal Colony, Anand Nagar, Bohri of Jammu city which is
situated at a distance of approximately 12km from University, and this area comes under the
Municipal Corporation. This area comprises of approximately 90 households with a population
of about 500 individual. The data was collected with the help of a field experiment over a period
of three weeks. The waste which was collected from the study area contained biodegradable
waste, non-biodegradable waste. Biodegradable waste contained kitchen waste, plant waste,
paper waste, textile waste. Non-biodegradable waste included plastics, metals and glass.
During this phase, knowledge regarding the nature of waste minimization methods etc. was also
imparted to the individuals.
The results of waste generation are expressed as biodegradable solid waste per house per day,
non biodegradable solid waste per house per day and total solid waste per house per day.

Keywords: Biodegradable, Non-Biodegradable, Solid Waste.
About Authors:
*Lecturer, Sai Shyam College of Education, Ghou-Manhasan, Jammu.
(Affiliated to University of Jammu)J & K
**Principal, Sai Shyam College of Education,Ghou-Manhasan, Jammu.J&K.



PARENT ADOLESCENT PERCEPTION OF PARENTING AND FAMILY
ENVIRONMENT IN DEFENCE OFFICERS FAMILIES IN INDIA

*Jagjiwan Kaur

ABSTRACT

The defence services have a unique culture with various service related strengths and weaknesses
which are likely to influence the quality of parenting and family environment and its perception
by parents and adolescents.The present study was carried out on 240 defence officers families to
understand parent adolescent perception of parenting and family environment and to find out
differences in perception if any. Results indicated that despite several service related stressors,
defence adolescents and their parents in all the three wings of services had a favorable perception
of parenting and family environment. The parental perception emerged better than adolescents..
The adolescents perception of their mothers parenting was better than that of the fathers. Even
the mothers self perception of their parenting was better than that of the fathers. No significant
differences emerged in adolescents perception of mothers parenting in the three wings of
defence services but in case of perception of fathers parenting Navy fathers were perceived
significantly poorer. The weakest area of parenting was puberty development, while personality
development, academics, recreation and nutrition emerged as strengths in parenting. Dimensions
of Expressiveness and cohesion were perceived high and extremely high, Competitive
framework, moral orientation and organization high average and Independence and recreational
orientation average. Significant difference in perception existed only in dimensions of moral


orientation and competitive framework, with perception of adolescents being better than that of
their parents. No significant gender differences emerged in the perception of majority of the dimensions.

Key wordsAdolescents, Defence families, discrepant parent adolescent perception, family
environment, defence service related stressors., Military stressors, parenting.
About Authors:
*Associate Professor, Department of Human Development and Family Relations, Government Home
Science College, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India.


WELL-BEING AT WORK: THE INDIAN CONTEXT
*Gargi Sandilya
ABSTRACT
Happiness has been the universal goal of human survival since earliest recorded history, starting
with religious texts and Greek philosophers, to recent times.The last couple of decades have
witnessed significant focus on positive psychology and a number of researchers have also
established the significance of cultural influences in the perception and experience of happiness
and wellbeing. There are some context free conceptualizations of wellbeing such as hedonic,
eudaimonic and recently efforts have been made to combine the two. However, there has been a
call to develop context specific models such as wellbeing in the context of work since workplace
has gained significant importance in an individuals life, where individuals invest more than one-
third of their waking hours performing work-related activities. Therefore, the workplace is bound
to influence an individuals overall sense of wellbeing considerably. While organizations are
conducting happiness drives and employee engagement surveys, research in this area is often
found to neglect the cultural context of the organizations. The present paper is a modest attempt
to address these issues by proposing a model for wellbeing at work suited for the Indian context.
Author Address:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Jamia Milia Islamia, New Delhi.

IMPACT OF PARENTING STYLE ON PERSONALITY AMONG ADOLESCENTS
*Rajesh Kumar **RoshanLal ***YashuBansal****Gunjit
ABSTRACT
Review of literature has shown that parents, through their parenting styles built critical foundations for
various aspects of childrens development and achievement (Chao, 2001; Querido et al., 2002). The aim
of current investigation was to study the impact of parenting styles on personality. For this purpose the
sample of 60 Adolescents in the age range of 17-20 years was taken from different government colleges
of Chandigarh. The Big Five Inventory (BFI) (John and Srivastva, 1999) and Parenting Style


Questionnaire (Robinson et al., 1995) were administered on the sample. The results were in line with the
prediction.
Authors Address:
*Assistant Professor, Dept. of Psychology, P.G. Govt. College, Sector-46, Chandigarh
** Assistant Professor, Dept. of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh
***Research Scholar, Panjab University, Chandigarh
****Student, Post Graduate Government College - 46, Chandigarh

IMPACT OF CIVIC RESPONSIBILITY ON SELF- ESTEEM, HAPPINESS, AND
SATISFACTION WITH LIFE AMONG NATIONAL SERVICE SCHEME
VOLUNTEERS
*YashuBansal **NitishKumar Tiwari
ABSTRACT
Voluntary work is work a person does out of free will, that reaches out to invest time and service
for the benefit of others or to a cause that is not profit-seeking, and for which there is no
monetary or in-kind payment (Butcher, 2010). The present study aims to find out the impact of
civic responsibility on self-esteem, happiness and satisfaction with life among National Service
Scheme (N.S.S) volunteers. For this purpose,Civic Responsibility Scale(Furco,Muller& Ammon,
1998), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, The Rosenberg Self-esteem
scale(Rosenberg,1965),Satisfaction with life scale(Diener et al.,1985) is administered to sample
of 100 National Service Scheme (N.S.S) volunteers from different government colleges of
Chandigarh in the age range of 18-21years. Pearson product moment coefficient of correlation is
used for statistical analysis of the results. The results were in the line with prediction.
Authors Address:
*Research Scholar, Panjab University, Chandigarh.
**Student, Post Graduate Government College - 46, Chandigarh

A STUDY OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF MALE AND FEMALE IN-SERVICE
TEACHERS

*Goggi Gupta

ABSTRACT

This research paper is an attempt to study the emotional intelligence of male and female in-
service teachers. The research sample was comprised of five hundred in-service teachers(N
=500) who were categorized in two groups male and female .Technique of random sampling was
employed to select the sample. The data for the present study was collected personally by the
investigator from the schools of Punjab and Chandigarh. The descriptive survey method was
employed for the investigation of the problem. A scale of Hyde, Pethe and Dhar (2002) was used


to find emotional intelligence between the subjects. Independent t-test was used for data analysis.
It was found that there exists no significantdifferencein the level of emotional intelligence of
male and female in-service teachers.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Shivalik institute of education and research,PHASE-6 Mohali



EMOTIONAL FREEDOM TECHNIQUE AND SPORTS ROLE AND
CONTRIBUTION
*Nanika Singh **Guneet Kaur ***Tilotama Ayekpam ****Kritika Doval
ABSTRACT
Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) is by far one of the most fascinating tools for personal
improvement. It is a technique where simple tapping with the finger tips is used to input kinetic
energy onto specific meridians and voicing positive affirmation that work towards clearing out
the emotional blockages from the bodys bio-energy system, thereby assisting in restoring the
mind-body equilibrium, aiding in restoring health and wellbeing. Review of literature on sports
indicates that EFT has been particularly beneficial in dealing with a wide range of physical and
emotional problems ranging from fears, phobias, stress, anger, grief, depression, worry, guilt,
pain relief, migraines, allergies and respiratory problems of sportsmen. The present paper
attempts to highlight the role and contribution of EFT in sports.
Key words: EFT, Sports, Sportsmen
Authors Address:
*Asst Prof. Dept of Psychology, DAV College, Sector 10, Chandigarh
**&***&****Post Graduate Student, Dept of Psychology, DAV College, Sector 10, Chandigarh


INTERPERSONAL REACTIVITY, SELF COMPASSION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL
WELL BEING: A STUDY OF ADOLESCENTS

*Harpreet Kanwal Chhabra **Sakshita Anand

ABSTRACT

Psychological well-being refers to how people evaluate their lives (Kaur, 2013). Cognitively, it is
an appraisal of ones life that through conscious evaluative judgments about ones satisfaction
with life as a whole The affective part of it refers to a hedonic evaluation guided by emotions and
feelings such as frequency of pleasant/unpleasant mood experiences while one reacts to ones
life. (Diener, 1997). Self-compassion entails three main components which overlap and mutually
interact: self-kindness versus self-judgment, feelings of common humanity versus isolation, and
mindfulness versus over-identification (Germer & Jeff, 2013). Studies have shown that self


compassion enables one to be more emapathetic (Birnie et al., 2009). During interpersonal
reactivity, empathy figures as an important component of social cognition as it contributes to
ones ability to understand and respond adaptively to others emotions, succeed in emotional
communication, and promote prosocial behavior (Spreng et al., 2009). The present study
explored the relationship between self compassion, interpersonal reactivity and psychological
well being of the adolescents. The sample taken from the Government Schools of Chandigarh
comprised of female (N=40) and male subjects (N=40) in the age range of 15-18 yrs. t-ratios and
inter correlations were used for the analysis which provided significant insights regarding the
interplay of self compassion, interpersonal reactivity and psychological well being.
Authors Address:
*Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh.
**Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh.






THE FUTURE INTERVENTION-BASED PERSPECTIVE OF INSTITUTIONAL CARE
*Kaur, H. **Manchanda, P.
ABSTRACT
Nations are facing arduous challenges to attain better outcomes for institutionalized children.
There is need for research to come up with better understanding of developmental issues and to
work on devising effective long-lasting interventions. Institutionalized children face physical,
mental, behavioral social, emotional and educational adjustment problems. In India, vast
endeavors are being run by government as well as non-government organizations. However,
much is left to be accomplished to bring about an all round development among institutionalized
children. Substantial research has revealed that institutionalized children suffer from anxiety,
depression, maladaptive social behavior & post-traumatic stress disorder. The interactions
between the caregiver and institutionalized children have been reported to be deficient. The
findings have also indicated that institutionalized children have difficulty in leading a meaningful
life. Recommendations regarding effective interventions focusing equally on caregivers and the
residing children have been discussed in the paper. Present data suggests that there is a dire need
for post-institutionalization intervention too, for the children who have been released from
institutional care so as to help them join the mainstream and have an opportunity to be
physically, psychologically & emotionally healthy.
About Authors:
*&**Research Scholar (Panjab University), Chandigarh




PERSONALITY AND TEMPERAMENTAL CORRELATES OF SENSATION SEEKING

*Indu Sharma

ABSRACT

The present study is an attempt toward examining the personality and temperamental correlates
of sensation seeking among high school students. The study was conducted on the sample of 200
students (100 boys and 100 girls) in the age range 13 to 17 yrs drawn from various schools in
Haryana (INDIA). The participants were tested 16PF questionnaire, Pavlovion Temperament
survey and Zuckerman sensation seeking scale form IV
.


Key Words: Personality, Temperament, Sensation Seeking
Author Address:
*Assistant Prof.(contr.),Deptt.of Psychology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra.


DIFFERENT PRACTICES OF SPIRITUAL HEALING

*Invka Sachdeva **Aadi Garg

ABSTRACT

Spirituality simply implies giving meaning to one's life and drawing one to transcend oneself.
Spirituality is a broader concept than religion, although that is one expression of spirituality.
Other expressions include prayer, meditation, interactions with others or nature, and relationship
with God or a higher power. Sprituality involves healings as it is more than a technical cure.
Healing energy is different from the scientifically explained forms of energy; one has life and
love in it while the others seem to be lifeless. Same differences are there between a healer and
man-made medicines. The role of spiritual healing starts by healing the sufferings of physical
body by invisible powers and where all possible options are denied. The Remedy comprises
different practices like Meditation, Yoga, Reiki, Cosmic Healing, Pranic Healing, Faith Healing,
Sacred Chanting, etc. Thus, it helps in developing a balanced self and creates a sense of steadines
which provides clarity in life. It helps for joy, upliftment and even keeps person afloat in even
the most emotional storms. The present paper aims to highlight different pathways to spiritual
healing and their respective importance and applicability.
Authors Address:
*M.A. 1, Department Of Psychology, MCM DAV College For Women,Sec-36-A, Chandigarh
**M.A.1, Department Of Psychology, DAV College, Sec-10, Chandigarh


STUDY OF WELL-BEING IN URBAN SLUMS

*Juhi Shrivastava **K.N. Tripathi



ABSTARCT

Well-being is paramount in all spheres of life, through social, academic and personal
achievements people ensure their well-being. It has been noticed that majority of our younger
generation do not experience supportive environment at home to flourish and to achieve
academic excellence, more so, the inhabitants of the slums which constitute roughly one-eighth
of Indias urban population according to the data from the latest round of the National Sample
Survey Organisation released in December 2013. Slums not only account for insanitary
conditions for living and insufficient resources but also for psychological stress in people who
struggle to survive in their constrained environment. These prevailing conditions can turn into
breeding grounds for developing unhealthy practices. Due to inadequate resources and an
unsupportive environment the inhabitants seldom see the possibilities of a healthy survival in the
competitive scenario of India. India is set to become the worlds youngest country by 2020
according to a report published by IRIS Knowledge Foundation in collaboration with UN-
HABITAT, hence to ensure individual and collective well-being, this increasing young energy
needs to be properly channelized, which is possible through proper education. Looking at this
premise, the present study was planned in order to investigate the determinants of academic
performance of the students living in urban slums. This study makes an effort to identify specific
contextual factors explaining the variation in academic performance of the children of the urban
slums and also to look at the importance of these factors. It analyses the effect of factors such as
parental education, parental occupation, parental involvement, physical punishment etc. on
academic performance of the school going children. A small sample of school going children
was obtained from the urban slums of Bhopal for in depth study. Qualitative method (i.e.
interview) was used to see the role of these contextual factors in shaping the academic
performance of the slum children. Results are discussed in terms of socialization process and
contextual factors.
About Authors:
*&**Departmant of Psychology, Barkattullah University, Bhopal



EFFECTIVENESS OF THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES ON EMOTIONAL
SUFFOCATION

*KamalJeet Sandhu **Jyoti Kaushik

ABSTRACT

Emotional feelings and their expression is complex combination of cognitive, behavioral and
physiological processes. Emotions that are bottledup for too long create mental and emotional
suffocation. In emotional suffocation, our immune system weakens and many serious
consequences may set in. So, it is very important to ventilate negative and buried emotions and
release the emotional suffocation. This research paper focus on the comparison of different
therapeutic techniques that ventilate negative and buried emotions and is a step towards
developing a conceptual framework for designing an optimum psychological intervention that is
effective. This paper highlights the importance of psychological intervention in ventilating
buried negative emotions.


Authors Address:
*Asst. professor, Dayalbagh Education Institution,Agra
**Research Scholar, Dayalbagh Education Institution,Agra


EFFECT OF SPIRITUALITY AND RELIGIOSITY ON MENTAL HEALTH: AN
OVERVIEW
*Khushboo Shimran** Santosh Sangwan** *** Shakuntla Punia
ABSTRACT
Spirituality is an internal set of values- a sense ofmeaning, inner wholeness, and connection with
others where as religion is an, organized belief systemthat includes shared and institutionalized
moral values, beliefs about God, and involvement inreligious community.During the phase of
modernization and urbanization people struggle with low self esteem that can lead to various
problems including depression, anxiety and self-inflicted injuries etc.Depression is characterized
by one or more of a number of symptoms, including feelings of sadness or misery, unexplained
tiredness and fatigue, excessive worry, feeling like a failure, unjustified feelings of guilt, feelings
of worthlessness or hopelessness, sleep problems and physical symptoms such as back pain or
stomach cramps. Anxiety can be emotional, intellectual, physical or social which include
feelings of shame, grief or aloneness, difficulty in concentrating, increased breathing and pulse
rate, social apprehension, withdrawal and unusual levels of aggression. To overcome these
problems, spirituality and religiousness practices tend to improve coping skills and social
support, foster feelings of optimism and hope, promote healthy behavior, reduce feelings of
depression and anxiety, and encourage a sense of relaxation. The purpose of this overview is to
explore the impact ofspiritual and religious involvement on mental health.

Key Words: Spirituality, Religion, Depression, Anxiety
Authors address:
*MSc. Student, **Assistant Professor, *** Professor; Department of Human Development and Family
Studies, I. C. College of Home science, CCSHAU, Hisar -125004, Haryana, India
E-mail: khushirkv001@gmail.com


EYE WITNESS TESTIMONY: A CASE STUDY
*Kriti Chowdhri
ABSTRACT
There are many sub topics of Criminal and Forensic Psychology one of them being eyewitness
testimony (EWT). The inaccuracy of EWT is a concern as eyewitness misidentification is
claimed to play a role in 75% of wrongful convictions. Leading questions - ones that suggest to
the witness what answer is desired and potentially corrupt memory can compromise the
accuracy of EWT. Loftus and Palmer conducted a study investigating whether the verbs used in a


question could affect recall of an event. The aim of the first experiment was to see whether
estimates of the speed of cars in traffic accidents would be influenced by the verb used in the
question. The second experiment aimed to see whether leading questions simply bias the
response or actually alter memory. Findings showed that changes in a single word can markedly
affect a witnesss answer to that question and leading questions can distort a witnesss memory
for an event.
Author Address:
*Guru Gobind Singh College for Women, Sector- 26, Chandigarh


SOCIAL MATURITY OF THE ADOLESCENTS IN THE PRESENT CONTEXT

*Lilu Ram Jakhar

ABSTRACT

Maturity refers to the physical, psychological and social development of an individual to a level
of acceptable competence. Social maturity is an indication of the good social adjustment. Social
maturity indicates the willingness and ability to orient oneself in various activities and customs
of the group. Social maturity helps to make a proportionate contribution to the work, to take part
in social exchange, to assume a reasonable amount of responsibility and to adjust oneself in the
inevitable limitations and restrictions of the community life. Success or failure in school is
related to the child's relations with his parents and other family members. Social maturity does
evolve or develops in successive layers just as cognitive maturity, progressing from the simplest
understanding to more and more complex understandings of the social world" (Kegan, 1982).
Present study was conducted on the adolescents to find out the social maturity of the adolescents.
From the study it was concluded that there exists no significant difference between social
maturity of adolescent male and female.
Authors Address:
* Assistant Professor, Government College of Education, Sector 20-D, Chandigarh E-mail:
leejakhar@gmail.com


THE INFLUENCE OF SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY ON REHABILITATION OF INJURIES
AND THE IMPROVEMENT OF PERFORMANCE OF SPORTS SKILLS
*Mahender Singh**Pawan Kumar Singh ***Priya

ABSTRACT
Psychological skills may boost sports-related injury rehabilitation. It is important to realize that
there is not one specific psychological skill that assists in rehabilitation. Each psychological skill
obtained must be individualized based on the psychological state of the individual and the sport


that the individual is a participant. A few examples of psychological skills include mental
imagery, goal setting, and positive self-talk. These psychological skills may be used during sport
injury rehabilitation to motivate athletes to adhere to rehabilitation. Knowledge and skills that
contribute to successful rehabilitation of injured athletes include maintaining a positive attitude
and a willingness to listen. Most importantly for psychological skills to be effective an athlete
must be motivated and willing to learn about techniques used in rehabilitation procedures. An
essential part of the healing process is the communication skills of the athletic trainers and
physical therapists. An important consideration for the trainers or therapists is to keep the injured
athlete involved with the team members and coaches. Trainers and therapist have an important
role in setting realistic goals for the athlete to return to competition.Student athletes who take
academic classes that focus on psychological skills to improve game performance tend to
experience more and achieve more in their sport of choice. These athletes demonstrate higher
levels of leadership, play with more confidence, peak under pressure, and adjusting to adversity.
Sport Psychology is the scientific study of athletes and their behaviours in the context of sports.
It also involves the practical application of Sport Psychology knowledge and the integrating of
psycho-social approaches. Sport Psychology may assist in the rehabilitation of a variety of
injuries that may occur during athletic competition, practice, or exercise. Sport Psychology has
been shown to speed up the rehabilitation process and assist the injured athlete in the
development of an improved attitude and approach to rehabilitation. Sport Psychology may be
important variable in improving performance in an assortment of sports skills. Integrating
psychology into daily life, including practices, competitions, and exercises may also assist the
athletes to prevent "choking" susceptible situations. Each and every athlete at any level may
experience a choking situation. Learning the psychological skills taught in sport psychology may
help athletes to handle choking situations better or even prevent them from happening. Athletic
trainers, physical therapists, coaches, parents, and athletes themselves are all responsible for
learning and utilizing the fundamentals of sport psychology. Mental imagery, relaxation, self-
talk, and goal setting are all examples of psychological skills in Sport Psychology. These four
causal networks may assist and influence positive behavioural and emotional outcomes. Sport
Psychology may help to control anxiety responses, lower the probability of an athlete being put
in a choking situation, and most importantly, give an athlete a positive outlook, more self-
confidence, effort, and motivation. Each of these assets assist athlete's in the processes of
experiencing success.
Authors Address:
*Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Post Graduate Government College Sector 46
Chandigarh, India.
**&***Resource Person, Department of Physical Education, Post Graduate Government College Sector
46 Chandigarh, India.


WELL-BEING AND MENTAL HEALTH: TWO SIDES OF A COIN
*Jasraj Kaur**Maninder Pal

ABSTRACT



Well-being involves physical, psychological, social and economic betterment so that it enhances
overall quality of life. Well-being is exemplified with happiness, satisfaction, empathy,
motivation, interest, physical vitality, satisfying social relationships and resilience. In the recent
years, emotions are increasingly being viewed as signals that provide information, direct
attention and facilitate attainment of goals and are seen as organizing processes that enable
people to think and behave adaptively. Our emotions play a significant role in guiding and
directing our behaviour and promoting our mental health. In the present study, the sample
included 200 high school students from two districts, namely Patiala and Roopnagar, of Punjab
state. To select the sample random technique was used. The tools used were Well-being Scale by
Singh and Gupta (2001) and Mental Health Check-list by Pramod Kumar (1991). The findings
indicated that majority of high school students had good well-being. As majority of high school
students had well-being scores higher than the mean value. There was insignificant difference
between well-being of male and female high school students. There was significant relationship
between well-being and mental health of high school students. Hence, by identifying problems of
mental health one can find their solutions and improve well-being.
Author Address:
*Dept. of Education & C.S., Punjabi University, Patiala
**Research Scholar, Punjabi University, Patiala

PARENTING STYLE IN RELATION TO CHILD REARING PRACTICES OF
ADOLESCENTS AMONG PARENTS SERVING IN DEFENCE

*Manmeet Kaur Reen**Ranbir Singh***Punam Devi Bagi

ABSTRACT

The present study Parenting style in relation to child rearing practices of adolescents among
parents serving in defence was conducted in Chandigarh, Panchkula and Mohali on the sample
of 100 adolescents and their parents (age group of adolescents 14-18 years). A purposive
stratified sampling was used to collect data from 3 wings of defence i.e. Army, Air force and
Navy through a self prepared questionnaire. A sample design followed a pre & post test design
with intervention as an integral part. The responses revealed that parental self perceptions of
their parenting practices despite of defence life related stresses emerged favouring. Yet a low
scoreemerged in the area of health (pubertal development). Sensitivity on the part of parents to
adolescents needs has been reported to reduce conflict and improve the parent adolescent
relationship. Perhaps input to strengthen parenting skill in this area (pubertal development)
through workshop and resource material can help overcome this weakness among parents in
defence families.
Key words: Parents, child rearing, adolescents, defence.
Authors Address:
* Student, IGNOU Regional Center, Sector-14, Panchkula
** Principal, S.U.S Govt. College, Matak Majari (Karnal)
***Assistant Prof. of Psychology, S.U.S Govt. College, Mattak Majari (Karnal)




INFLUENCE OF SOURCES OF STRESS ON MENTAL HEALTH IN YOUTH: A KEY
ROLE OF GENERAL SELF-EFFICACY AS PROTECTIVE FACTOR

*Mehmoodun Nisa **Naheed Nizami

ABSTRACT

In this postmodern world it has been widely witnessed that the issue of mental health among
youths is one of the most important concern of health professionals in all over the world. Thus in
this view present study was undertaken to know the role of general self-efficacy as protective
factor and to access the influence of different sources of stress on mental health of youths. For
this purpose a sample of 250 undergraduates, taken from A.M.U., Aligarh, age range (18-21
years). Participants were requested to respond on a set of questionnaires namely- Students
Sources of Stress Scale (Nisa & Nizami, 2012), Mental Health Inventory (Jagdish & Srivastava,
1983) and General Self-efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995). Results of simultaneous
regression analysis revealed that self-efficacy and interpersonal stress emerged as significant
predictor for total mental health. While, amongst all certain sources of stress emerged as
significant predictor for some of the dimensions of mental health in youths. Further results of
moderation analysis revealed that self-efficacy act as protective factor which moderate the
association between interpersonal stress and total mental health including some of its dimensions
i.e. perception of reality, autonomy and environmental competence. It shows developing
a sense of control and general beliefs in youths is essential for coping effectively with stressful
situations and providing positive growth experiences among them.

Key Words: Mental Health, Stress, Self-efficacy, Youth.
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, A.M.U., Aligarh (India).
**Prof. Department of Psychology, A.M.U., Aligarh (India)

ACADEMIC ACHEIVEMENT OF ADOLECENTS IN RELATION TO HOME
ENVIRONMENT

*Mohamad Shafi Bhat **Aaliya Akhtar

ABSTRACT

In the present study, the academic achievement in relation to home environment was examined
in a sample of 600 adolescents (179 from favourable, 297 from moderate and 124 from
unfavourable home environments). The measures used for collecting data were Home
Environment Scale by Aaliya Akhtar and Shailbala Saxena and for the academic achievement;
the school progress reports of the students were consulted. The results of the study revealed a
significant difference in the academic achievement of the adolescents belonging to different
categories of home environments. The performance in the academic achievement in favourable
home environment adolescents have been found far better than their counterparts in moderate
and unfavourable home environments. Also the relationship between various components of
home environment and academic achievement has been found significant.



Keywords:Home environment and academic achievement.
Authors Address:
*M.Ed., University of Kashmir.
**Research Scholar (Psychology), Barkatullah University, Bhopal.



CORRUPTION IN INDIA: THE ROOT CAUSE OF HUMANITY CRISIS

*Mukesh Chauhan **Garima Chauhan

ABSTRACT

Corruption is the process by which a word or expression is changed from its original state to one
regarded as erroneous or debased.
In reference to the above definition the following words can be used as synonyms for corruption:
dishonesty, dishonest dealings, unscrupulousness, deceit, deception, duplicity, double-dealing,
fraud, fraudulence, misconduct, lawbreaking, crime, criminality, delinquency, wrongdoing,
villainy;
Corruption is possible through two ways:
1. Direct Corruption-Corruption through cash and kind



2. Indirect Corruption -Corruption through non performance
of assigned duties
Corruption in India is a major issue that adversely affects its economy as well as humanity. A
study conducted by Transparency International in year 2005 found that more than 62% of
Indians had firsthand experience of paying bribes or influence peddling to get jobs done in public
offices successfully. In its study conducted in year 2008, Transparency International reports
about 40% of Indians had firsthand experience of paying bribes or using a contact to get a job
done in public office. It is understood that the people involved in corruption are against humanity
which creates humanity crisis.
In 2012 India has ranked 94th out of 176 countries in Transparency International's Corruption
Perceptions Index, tied with Benin, Colombia, Djibouti, Greece, Moldova, Mongolia, and
Senegal.
Most of the largest sources of corruption in India are entitlement programmes and social
spending schemes enacted by the Indian government. Examples include Mahatma Gandhi
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act and National Rural Health Mission. Other daily
sources of corruption include India's trucking industry which is forced to pay billions in bribes
annually to numerous regulatory and police stops on its interstate highways.




The causes of corruption in India include excessive regulations, complicated taxes and licensing
systems, numerous government departments each with opaque bureaucracy and discretionary
powers, monopoly by government controlled institutions on certain goods and services delivery,
and the lack of transparent laws and processes. There are significant variations in level of
corruption as well as in state government efforts to reduce corruption across India.
As most of the Indian people are habitual of non- performing duties unless and otherwise there is
a threat by doing so. The corruption through non performing duties has never been recognized as
corruption, the reason being that we only consider occurrence of corruption if there is
involvement of cash or kind in illegal way for getting the work done. If one assesses the value of
corruption through non-performing the duties, one will wonder that direct corruption amount is
much lesser than indirect corruption. For example, if a college teacher who is paid about one lac
salary per month, if he/she doesnt take the classes for once in a week than there is a corruption
of Rs. 158400/- per annum. If this is the amount of corruption per person than what will be the
amount of corruption at national level in all the colleges and universities. One can very well
imagine that what will be the amount of corruption in all the departments of Govt. of India.
The three strengths associated with humanity are love, kindness, and social intelligence.
Corruption is created by human being and has impact on human being. One can think that what
will be the impact of corruption on humanity. The condition of humanity in India today is the
result of corruption. The present paper will discuss that how corruption has created crisis in
humanity in India.
Authors Address:
*Assistant Professor, PG Dept. of Commerce, PG Govt. College Sector-46, Chandigarh
**Student, IGNOU Regional Center, Sector-14, Panchkula

DIMENSIONS AND CONSEQUENCES OF MALTREATMENT OF THE ELDERLY
IN THE CAPITAL CITY OF BHOPAL

*Vinay Mishra **Naina Singh
ABSTRACT
Old age brings with it numerous challenges, both physical and psychological. India has an
estimated 100 million elderly people. By 2050 the number is expected to increase to 315 million.
For most nations, regardless of their geographic location or development status, the 60 and above
age group is growing faster than any younger fragment. Traditionally, old age has never been a
problem for India where a value based joint family system is expected to triumph over age
related problems. With this cultural background, elder abuse has never been considered as a
problem in India and has always been thought of as a western problem. However, the managing
capacities of the younger and older family members are now being challenged. As a
consequence, vulnerabilities towards the elderly arising out of poverty, rural living, income
insecurity, anxiety, illiteracy, dependency, decreasing support base, is increasing. Although the
precise extent of elder maltreatment is unknown, its social and ethical significance is noticeable.



This study aims to identify the types of abuse, risk factors and problems faced by the elderly
along with causes and consequences of elderly mistreatment. The target group for the study
comprised of male and female elderly people of age 60 years and above from the Bhopal city.
The respondents were interviewed in their homes/ old age-homes to collect data on risk factors
and mistreatment. Elder mistreatment constituted of different forms of abuse like neglect,
disrespect, verbal abuse, sexual abuse, financial, and physical abuse by an immediate family
member or relatives.
About Authors:
*Head, Dept. of Humanities, BSSS College Bhopal
**Asst. Prof. Sociology, BSSS College Bhopal


SELF-EFFFICACY, STRESSFULL LIFE EVENTS, SUICIDAL IDEATION AND
MISMATCH BETWEEN SELF & PERCEIVED PARENTAL EXPECTATIONS: A
CORRELATIONAL STUDY

*Naseeb Kumar **Radhey Shyam ***Sapna Rani

ABSTRACT

The present study was designed to assess the relationship of self-efficacy, stressful life events,
suicidal ideation and mismatch between self & parental expectations among adolescent students.
A sample of 300 adolescent students (150 male and 150 female) of 10
th
, 11
th
and 12
th
standard
from government and public schools of Bhiwani and Rohtak (Haryana) were taken and Self-
Efficacy, Every Day Problem Check List, Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire and Self and
Perceived Parental Expectation Check List were administered. The obtained data were analyzed
by bivariate correlation. The result revealed that academic self-efficacy, social self-efficacy,
emotional self-efficacy, total self-efficacy and perceived self expectation are significantly
negative correlated and stressful life events, perceived parental expectations and mismatch
between self & perceived parental expectations are significantly positive correlated with suicidal
ideation among adolescent students. Findings of the present study have implications for the
guidance workers, researchers, policy planners, parents and teachers.

Key Word: Self-Efficacy, Stressful Life Events and Suicidal Ideation
Authors Address:
*Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, GCW, Bhodia Khera (Fatehabad)
**Professor, Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak (Haryana)
***Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak



SELF-EFFICACY, SUICIDAL IDEATION AND DEPRESSION AMONGST
DESTITUTE ANDNON-DESTITUTE ADOLESCENTS

Sapna* Radhey Shyam** Naseeb Kumar***

ABSTRACT



The present study was carried out to compare destitute and non-destitute adolescents on self-
efficacy, suicidal ideation and depression. A sample of 80 male and female adolescents (40
destitute and 40 non-destitute) with age ranging from 14 to 17 years and mean age of 15 years
were selected randomly for the present study. The sample was drawn from 40 destitute
adolescents were taken from two NGO Bal Gram Rai, State After Care Home (Sonipat) while
rest of 40 was taken from govt. senior secondary school Sonipat. Self-efficacy questionnaire,
Beck scale for suicide ideation, and Child depression inventory were used to gather the data. The
data obtained was statistically analysed for correlation between self-efficacy, suicidal ideation
and depression and t-test for difference between destitute and non- destitute adolescents on self-
efficacy, suicidal ideation and depression. Results along with their implications are discussed in
the earlier studies.
Key Words: Destitute Adolescents, Non-destitute Adolescents, Self-efficacy, Suicidal Ideation,
Depression
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Maharishi DayanandUniversity,Rohtak (Haryana).
**Professor, Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanand University,Rohtak (Haryana)
***Assistant Professor of Psychology, Govt.College for Women Bhodia Khera,Fatehabad (Haryana)



INTER-RELATION BETWEEN WELL-BEING AND ADJUSTMENT: AMONG
ADOLESCENTS

*Vishesh Tyagi **Neelam Pandey

ABSTRACT

Well-being is linked to several aspects of health, including the psychological, spiritual, social
and physical all components of force readiness. This paper will provide a brief overview of the
definition and measurement of well-being with an emphasis on its relevance to military
readiness. Adjustment is the behavioral process by which humans and other animals maintain
equilibrium among their various needs or between their needs and the obstacles of their
environments. Bells Adjustment Inventory and Ryffs Psychological Well-being (PWB) is an
increasingly popular consulting tool. This study examined the role of Well-being and Adjustment
among adolescents. It was conducted on a sample of 60 pupils in Meerabai Institute of New
Delhi. Where the students completed the Ryffs Psychological Well-being Questionnaire and
Bells Adjustment Inventory, result shows that the scores were matched and correlated different
dimensions of Adjustment with Well-being scores. According to the result Well-being and
Adjustment have positive correlation between them which states that effect of one will lead to
impact on other.
Keywords: Well Being; Adjustment; Adolescents
About Author:
*Vishesh Tyagi, Student, AIPS, Amity University, Noida, E-mail: vt.visheshtyagi@hotmail.com
**Dr. Neelam Pandey, Assistant Professor, AIPS, Amity University, Noida
E-mail: npandey1@amity.edu





PERCEIVED STIGMA AND COPING RESOURCES AMONG THE PARENTS OF
INTELLECTUALLY CHALLENGED CHILDREN

Neha Singh* Archana Shukla**

ABSTRACT

The present study endeavors to find out the Perceived stigma and Coping resources among the
parents of intellectually challenged children. The Stigma Scale (developed by Ali, et.al, 2008)
and Coping Resources Inventory (Form-D; developed by Hammer & Marting, 1988) were
administered. Back translation method was used to get Hindi version for both the tool for the
convenience of respondents. Sample comprised of 120 parents (60 mothers and 60 fathers)
purposively selected from Chetna Institute for the Mentally Handicapped in Lucknow city. They
ranged in age from 30-40 years with the mean age of 35 years. The results revealed that there
was a strong tendency in mothers to feel more stigmatized than fathers. At the same time
mothers have less coping resources as compared to fathers.
Keywords: Intellectually Challenged Children, Parents, Perceived Stigma, Coping Resources.
About Authors:
*Neha Singh, Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Lucknow University, Lucknow- 226007,
India.
** Dr. Archana Shukla, Asst. Prof., Department of Psychology, Lucknow University, Lucknow-226007,
India.


THE CONSTRUCT OF PASSION: A CRITICAL EVALUATION AND GUIDELINES
FOR FUTURE WORK

*Noorjahan Khan

ABSTRACT

This paper intends to trace the development of passion as a psychological construct by various
researchers and its use and applications in psychology. Passion can be understood as a state of
mind which arises from any intense emotion that overpowers a person to the extent that he is
ready to suffer for its sake. In this sense it is the readiness of the person to sacrifice and
psychologically invest in that emotion that allows a person to put in the efforts and time for its
cause. Through this paper I have tried to analyse problems associated with the indiscriminate use
of word passion by various researchers and application of the word without providing a
satisfactory and well accepted operational definition of this construct. Different researchers have
used it in different contexts differently. This word has not been satisfactorily differentiated from
other constructs like motivation, interest, commitment, task engagement etc. This paper focuses
on the ambiguities in definitions and central terminology; heterogeneity in means and ends in the
pursuit of passion, instability in the phenomenon of passion and concern regarding the usefulness
of passion as a theoretical construct.
About Author:
*Department of psychology, Barkatullah University Bhopal, Bhopal





PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING: DISPARITY IN RESEARCH AND
IMPLEMENTATION

*Nuzhat Firdous

ABSTRACT

Psychological wellbeing has remained an intensively researched entity among the scholar
community in the recent past. Researchers have come up with various positive and negative co-
relational factors, such as religion, self and identity, psychological capital, organisational
environs, natural and man-made disasters and much more, enhancing or exacerbating an
individuals psychological wellbeing. However, the findings brought forward by the eminent
researchers have more or less been confined to the community itself, be it national and
international seminars/conferences or an addition to the already available literature in the form of
a research article in a peer reviewed journal having a high impact factor. Now the question arises
(i) how these findings can be executed among the community at large (ii) who will be the
showman, and (iii) after how many generations. Taking Psychological wellbeing as a foremost
construct of an individual in general and his/her behavioural reflections in response to different
situations in particular, this paper attempts to find out the answers to the above queries.
Key words: psychological wellbeing, disparity, research, execution
About Author:
*Ph.D., Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi



RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 'TRIGUNA' AND MENTAL HEALTH, POSITIVE AND
NEGATIVE EXPERIENCES

*Sharma, O.P. **Kamkuria , B ***Gujar ,G.S.

ABSTRACT

The present research aims to study the Eastern concept of Vedic personality traits comprising of
Gunas- Sattva, Rajas and Tamas in relation to Mental Health, Positive and Negative Experience
in Indian people. A sample of 100 people of Jaipur city of India (pertaining to diverse
professional disciplines) was selected, consisting of 50 females and 50 males. The age range of
the sample was between 30 to 45 years . The Mental Health Continuum - Short Form (MHC-SF;
Keyes, 2009), Scale of Positive and Negative Experience SPANE (Diener, Wirtz, Tov, Kim-
Prieto, Choi, Oishi, & Biswas-Diener, 2009) and Vedic Personality Inventory (VPI; Wolf, 1998)
were used in this research. VPI is based on the three gunas which according to the Das Gupta
(1961) are the universal characteristics of all kinds of mental tendencies. These gunas facilitate
the behavior style of an individual. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis. The results
revealed significant correlations between specific Vedic Personality Gunas and other variables of
interest. Significant positive relationships between Sattva guna (symbolized by purity, wisdom,


serenity, love of knowledge and spiritual excellence in Indian philosophy) with Emotional well
being Psychological well being, Social well-being Positive Experience and negatively
correlated with Negative Experience were obtained. In contrast, Rajas (which is symbolized by
egoism, activity, restlessness and desire after mundane things) and Tamas (related to qualities
such as bias, negligence, distortion in taste, thought) were negatively correlated with all well-
being indicators except negative experience which is positively correlated. Results of the study
point at interesting connections between Indian and Western holistic approach to understand
well-being and its indicators.
Keywords: mental health, Triguna, Vedic personality , well-being.
About Author:
*Associate professor, department of psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur (India)
**Ph.D. Research scholar, Department of psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur (India)
***Director Deptt. Of Physical Education, Govt. PG College Alwar, (India)



YOGA AND MEDITATION COMPLETE WELL BEING AMONG THE MASSES

*Sahiba.s.Gujral**Reena Dubey ***Shivani Asthana ****Geeta Sihag

ABSTRACT

Health is a universal desire of human beings. No matter how wealthy or powerful one is, health,
after all, is the most precious thing. Yoga and meditation go hand in hand and neither could
survive alone. When combined together, yoga meditation is a powerful tool that can greatly
benefit those that practice this form of reflection. But what is yoga and meditation? The word
yoga is derived from the Sanskrit root yuj meaning to bind, join, attach and yoke, to direct and
concentrate ones attention on, to use and apply. Meditation (Dhyana), come from the Hindu
traditions of Vedantism around 1500 B.C.E. These days yoga is also as a psychology. Dharana is
the necessary concentration of mind and the development of the power of attention required to
sustain any healing practice. Dhyana is reflective meditation, the inner balance of awareness,
which allows the mind to heal itself. One of the biggest benefits of yoga and meditation is the
way it promotes peace of thought and health of body instead of stress. Yoga and meditation
teaches both body postures for relaxation and agility as well as mind cleansing exercises that
work together to bring your body to a peaceful state of contemplation.
About Author:
*&**&***&****M.E.D Student of P.K.R. College of Education


HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY- NO HEALTH WITHOUT MENTAL HEALTH

*Neha Gera **Sushil ***Neelam

ABSTRACT

Mental health is an integral part of the education process as they contribute to the all-round
development of human personality especially in health strength & fitness of the body, endurance,


courage, decision making, and resourcefulness: respect for others, faithfulness, loyalty to duty
&concern for common goal. There are different types of mental health problems, some of which
are common, such as depression and anxiety disorders and some not so common, such as
schizophrenia &bipolar disorder (Kitchener & jorm, 2002). Self- destructive acts make take
place to suppress emotions. Some of these include drug and alcohol abuse, physical fights.
Mental health problems can be severely distractive to the students capacity to the study &learn
as well as to their education and emotional development and sometime to other students and the
educational institution. By receiving emotional support health can increase & prevent mental
health disorder. Support system is a valuable asset & those who do not have social & emotional
support are more likely to lead to disorders. For this reason, it is appropriate for higher
educational institution, primary healthcare service, secondary mental health care providers and
other relevant agencies to address the issue of students mental health in a healthy manner.
About Author:
*&**&*** Student, P.K.R. Jain College of Education, Ambala City


IQ to EQ to SQ: THE NEW MANTRA FOR WELLBEING AT WORKPLACE

*Prarthna Swani

ABSTRACT

As a counterbalance to the stress and turmoil caused by the global economic meltdown,
transitory nature of jobs, cut throat competition and changing interpersonal relationship scenario
at workplace, the present article earnestly suggests the development and practice of certain
emotional and spiritual competencies for a more enriching and fulfilling workplace experience.
Wellbeing of the individual is further ensured by the promotion of a spiritual culture by the work
organization.
No doubt, wellbeing is highly subjective and varies from individual to individual. However, to
maintain equanimity and positivity in coping with workplace stressors requires one to build and
enhance emotional capacities and spiritual values. From IQ to EQ to SQ (rational intelligence to
emotional to spiritual intelligence) is definitely the new accepted mantra for wellbeing at
workplace. Not only does the individual need to build up emotional and spiritual resources, but
the work organization too needs to embrace and practice spirituality for employee satisfaction,
improved performance and productivity.
Thus, the two way process development and application of emotional and spiritual values at the
level of the individual; and promotion of spirituality by the work organization, can definitely
ensure wellbeing, the full realization of the individuals potential and optimal functioning of
the organization.
About Author:
*Associate Professor, S.R. Government College for Women, Amritsar


PATANJALI - THE TUTOR OF YOGA PRINCIPLE

Prashant Gaurav*



ABSTRACT

Patanjali, the expounder of Yoga Sutras, is known to us through different legendary
descriptions in some of which he has been identified with and in others distinguished from his
name-sake who composed the Great Commentary (Mahabhasya) on Paninis Sanskrit Grammar.
The basic ideas and techniques of Yoga are, however, found in some of the earlier Upanishads
and can even be traced back to the Atharvaveda. The Yoga tradition is much older, there are
references in the Mahabharata, and the Gita identified three kinds of yoga.
The aim of Yoga, as given in the beginning of the Yoga Sutras, is the intentional
stoppage of all the spontaneous activities of the mind, which by nature is in constant agitation
like the surface of a pond broken by a breeze. Yoga doctrine recommends certain physical and
mental disciplines which can be undertaken in eight successive stages. Different stages in this
process are regulated and adjusted by the preceptor (guru) according to the fitness of the disciple.
The last stage is achieved by only very few adepts.
This long and arduous course of physical and mental discipline is no doubt, known to
benefit its enthusiasts in various ways. Technique of maintaining the body in various postures
(asanas) and regulation of breath (pranayama) is said not only to lead to a healthy youthful body
and to prolong life but also to give relief from or even cure many bodily ailments.
Control over the physical and mental processes of the body by the yoga practices is an
idea and technique perfected and given by the ancient India to the world. It carries with it
potentialities of understanding some of the so called supernatural phenomenon which are now
being actively studied in India and abroad under the science of parapsychology.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor in History, Post Graduate Govt. College, Sector 46, Chandigarh


ASSESSMENT OF MENTAL TOUGHNESS AMONG HIGH AND LOW ACHIEVERS
OF STATE LEVEL YOGA COMPETETIORS:A COMPARATIVE STUDY

*Badshah Ghosh **Prasanta Kumar Das

ABSTRACT

This study examined the mental toughness and its influence on performance outcomes in
competition. For this study 60 young yoga competitors competing in open state championships at
the Barasat Municipality Auditorium, Barasat, 24 Parganas North were selected as a sample. The
Sample was further divided into two groups as per performance outcomes in competition one is
successful yogis who had won the medals (n=30) and other one is non successful yogis who had
not won any medals in state championship 2011. Psychological Performance Inventory (PPI;
Loehr, 1986) was administered to measure the mental toughness to the both groups in this study.
Analysis of the fundamental areas of mental toughness revealed that the successful yogis scored
significantly higher on all subscale of mental toughness and significant differences were
observed between two groups (successful and non-successful) in self confidence (p = 0.001),
negative energy control (p = 0.019). Attention Control (p = 0.011), Visual / Imagery Control
(p=0.266), Motivational Level (p = 0.002), Positive Energy (p = 0.001) and Attitude Control (p =
0.012)
Key Words: Goal orientation, Mental Toughness, Yogis, Stress and Anxiety.


About Author:
*HOD, Deptt. of Physical Education, Panskura Banamali College, Purba Medinapur, West Bengal.
**Asst. Prof. in Physical Education, Post Graduate Govt. College, Sector-11, Chandigarh.




A STUDY OF STRESS AMONG VARIOUS AGE GROUPS

*Soumendra Nath Ghosh
**
Sankarshan Chakraborty ***Prasanta Kumar Das

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the study was, to assess and compare the STRESS among various age groups.
For the purpose of the study, thirty male subjects of 31 to 35 age group, thirty male subjects of
36 to 40 age group and thirty male subjects of 41 to 45 age group were taken from the Bankura
district of West Bengal India. To measure stress among various age groups, STRESS
INDICATORS QUESTIONNAIRE was used (The questionnaire is buildup by The
Counselling Team International) on the subjects for the present study. The collected data were
distributed according to various STRESS LEVELS and then compared among the age groups.
The collected data were calculated by using descriptive statistic, One Way Analysis of Variance
(ANOVA) was employed. The entire analysis of the data was done with respect to the objectives
of the study. For further analysis Post- Hoc Test (LSD Test) was applied. Hypotheses were tested
at 0.05 level of significance. There was a significant difference found on STRESS among various
age groups.
Keywords: Stress, Age Groups, Stress Indicators Questionnaire, ANOVA, Post- Hoc Test (LSD
Test).
About Author:
*&**Assistant Professor, P.G.G.I.P.E., Banipur, West Bengal, India
***Assistant Professor, P.G.G.C. Sector-11, Chandigarh



EFFECT OF AIR POLLUTION ON HUMAN HEALTH: CAUSES AND ITS REMEDY

*Priya Khattri

ABSTRACT

Since the onset of the industrial revolution, there has been a steady change in the composition of
the atmosphere mainly due to the combustion of fossil fuels used for the generation of energy
and transportation. Through the paper we have tried to analyse how air pollution affect human-
health. Air pollution is a major environmental health problem affecting the developing and the
developed countries. The effects of air pollution on health are very complex as there are many
different sources and their individual effects vary from one to the other. It is not only the ambient
air quality in the cities but also the indoor air quality in the rural and the urban areas that are
causing concern. In fact in the developing world the highest air pollution exposures occur in the


indoor environment. Air pollutants that are inhaled have serious impact on human health
affecting the lungs and the respiratory system and many other serious physiological disorders. In
this paper we will try to bring home the points how the air pollution is controlled in our day to
day life.
About Author:
*M.A II Semester, Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P
Email Id: priya13psm@gmail.com




REVALIDATION OF GRATITUDE BUILDING INTERVENTION ON INDIAN
ADOLESCENT SCHOOL CHILDREN

*Pulkit Khanna **Kamlesh Singh

ABSTRACT

Gratitude is a feeling of thankfulness to acknowledge a benefit that one has received. It is a vital
social value that is widely appreciated across cultures. This research involved the revalidation of
a gratitude building intervention module (Froh et al., in press). Participating classrooms were
randomly divided into intervention group (n = 51, mean age = 12.18 yrs; S.D. = 0.43) and
control group (n = 44, mean age = 12.02 yrs; S.D = 0.40). While the intervention group received
five sessions on a weekly basis, the control group participated in neutral sessions each week.
Different measures such as Gratitude Vignettes (Froh et al., in press), Gratitude Adjective
Checklist (McCullough et al., 2002), Mental Health Continuum Short Form (Keyes, 2005),
Scale of Positive & Negative Emotions (Diener et al., 2010), Brief Multidimensional Students
Life Satisfaction Scale (Seligson, Huebner, & Valois, 2003), and 10 item Positive & Negative
Affect Scale for Children (Ebesutani et al., 2012) were administered. Results indicated that the
intervention group showed increment in gratitude comprehension (t =2.87, p < 0.01), life
satisfaction (t =2.21, p < 0.05) and positive affect (t = 2.15, p < 0.05). Our findings support
the effectiveness of this intervention with school children.
About Author:
*&**Dept. of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology -Delhi



TEMPERAMENT: AN AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE

*Punam Devi Bagi **Ranbir Singh

ABSTRACT

The objective of the present paper is to highlight the temperamental aspects of the individual in
relation to ayurveda. The human constitution is generally determined by anthropometric features.
Man has been grouped according to temperament since the time of Hippocrates. Ayurveda, the
Indian traditional system of medicine describes a unique concept prakriti. According to


Ayurveda, basic constitution of an individual is determined at the time of conception and it is
fixed throughout his lifetime. The chemical environment of the ovum fertilization plays an
important role in establishing the psychosomatic nature of an individual. By the interaction of the
individual and the environment, imbalances in ones prakriti occur. Prakriti is determined by a
unique combination of three dosha(tridosha). The doshas are dynamic energies that constantly
changes in response to persons action, thoughts, emotions, the food we eat, the season, and any
other sensory inputs that feed individual mind and body.
Key words: temperament, tridosha, prakriti
About Author:
*Assistant prof.of Psychology, S.U.S.Govt.College Matak Majri(Karnal), Haryana.
**Principal, S.U.S.Govt.College Matak Majri(Karnal), Haryana.




THE IMPACT OF COUNSELLING ON DEPRESSION AND SUICIDAL IDEATION IN
HIV/AIDS PATIENTS AND THEIR CAREGIVERS

*R.K.Prajapati **Mukesh Verma ***S.C. Bhargava

ABSTRACT

The diagnosis of HIV is an extremely distressing event in the lives of an individual, with its
multiple implications such as psychological, social and physical. Psychosocial responses of fear,
denial, stigma and discrimination have accompanied the HIV epidemic right from the time it was
first discovered in the human society. The studies have shown that adults and children living
with different geographic settings and with HIV and/or at risk of it are at an elevated risk of
psychosocial distress particularly depression. People with major depression often have thought of
committing suicide. A perceptive understanding of the problems faced by the patient and their
caregivers will facilitate in the treatment and rehabilitation of the patients in normal life. The
present study was planned & conducted with the aim to assess and compare the impact of
counseling among HIV negative, positive and AIDS cases and their caregivers in relation to
depression and suicidal ideation.
Key Words: Counseling, Depression, Suicidal Ideation, HIV/ AIDS and psychosocial
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, Psychology, Fiji National University, Fiji
** Assistant Professor, Geography, Fiji National University, Fiji
***Consultant Psychiatrist, GSMHS,Western Australia, Australia



CONTRIBUTIONS OF MENTAL HEALTH IN YOGIC SCIENCE

*Rakesh Giri

ABSTRACT



Yoga has been well recognized in India and abroad for its healthful and therapeutic
activities. Yoga has holistic approach for health so as to include its physical, mental, emotional,
social and spiritual well-being. On the basis of this holistic approach of health, Yoga has been
efficiently and successfully dealing with management of psychological disorders like mental
stress, depression, mental debility etc. as well as psychosomatic disorders like Asthma, Diabetes,
Hypertension etc.
Yoga has promoting, preventive and curative aspects of mental health through its various
behavioral norms for developing correct and positive psychological attitude by observance of
social and personal ethical values (Yamas and Niyamas); suggesting means of overcoming the
resultant effects of mental distraction and ultimately suggesting various Yogic practices; viz.
Asanas for correcting tonic rhythm of muscles and nerves; Pranayamas for mental stability and
counteracting the imbalance of autonomic nervous system as well as irregular and difficult
rhythm of breathing; Shatkarmas for removable of gross stagnant impurities; and lastly the
important practices of Yogic relaxation and meditation for counteracting the negative psycho-
physiological effects of mental disorders. In this way, Yoga provides preventive, curative and
promoting means for perfect mental health by adopting Yogic life style of living in daily
regimen.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, Dept. of H. Consciousness and Yogic science,Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar



OUTER IS BAROMETER OF OUR INNER CONSCIOUSNESS

*Ravinder Kaur **Gurnam Singh

ABSTRACT

Unquestionably, we are all living in the most chaotic times in the history of mankind. Nothing is
as it seems. Up is down, light looks dark and truth is buried deep under the heap of lies. Inspite
of all the goose-cackle of scientific- techno progress, suicidal rate, madness rates and all sorts of
perverted acts have only multiplied. We collectively are witness to one of the most common
thing in every sphere: be it economic, social, political, weather and so forth: it is CRISIS. And if
we think we have nothing to with outside CRISIS, then know for sure the crisis is not out there!
It is really inside us and it exists simply because we do not want to do anything about it. We
must understand that: IT IS CRISIS OF CONSCIOUSNESS. The outside world is just a
reflection of our inner world. When we focus our attention on the inner world rather than the
outer sensorial world we expand our consciousness enough to raise above all the challenges to
get to the real solution.

To use a metaphor, it is just as seeing your own reflection in the mirror, knowing fully well that
reflection is not real. Can you bring any changes in the reflection? Nay.
Say, if we want to see a peaceful, loving and compassionate world, all we need to do is just hold
on to that state where we carry the matching vibrations of love, peace and compassion. Our
feelings and emotions are potent tool to transform the outer realities.

People have always had time to postpone the spirituality. Spirit is our very essence. Denying our


very essence is fatal to well-being of humanity. Instead of stumbling in unconsciousness, we
must awaken to the reality that we are creators of our own realities.
About Author:
*MA Psychology, IGNOU Regional Center, Sector-14, Panchkula
**Asst. Prof. Dept. of Psy, Govt. College, Sirsa (HARYANA)



IMPACT OF COUNSELLING ON HIV POSITIVE AND AIDS CASES AND THEIR
CAREGIVERS

*Ravinder kumar **Radhey Shyam ***Sonia Dangi

ABSTRACT

Present study was intended to assess and compare the health and quality of life of HIV positive,
HIV negative and AIDS cases and their respective caregivers and later on providing counselling
to HIV positive and aids patients and their caregivers. A sample of 300 participants was selected
on the basis of non- random purposive sampling from ICTCs of Delhi and Haryana
(India).testing was done in two phases: first the testing phase and in second phase counselling
was given to HIV positive and aids case and their caregivers. Sample was divided into 6 different
groups with 50 participants in each group i.e. 50 HIV positive, 50 HIV negative and 50 AIDS
cases and their respective caregivers .Again in each group out of 50, 25 were males and 25 were
females. PGI Health Questionnaire N-1 and WHO Quality of life- BREF was used to measure
health and quality of life. Data were analysed by using Mean, SDs and ANOVA. Result
revealed that the HIV negative cases and their caregivers had better health and quality of life
than HIV positive and AIDS cases and their respective caregivers. And counselling had
significant effect on health and quality of life of HIV positive and AIDS cases.
About Authors:
* Deptt. Of Psychology, M.D.U ,Rohtak
** Professor, Deptt. Of Psychology, M.D.U ,Rohtak
*** Research Scholar, Deptt. Of Psychology, M.D.U ,Rohtak




A STUDY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRELATES OFASTROLOGICAL
PREDICTIONS

*Renu Thakur **Ranbir Singh

ABSTRACT

Mind is certainly the software which drives and affects the functioning of the hardware known as
brain, which in turn controls the functiong of the body. Even the scriptures vouch that the
mansthiti affects the pristhiti.
The renowned psychoanalysts like Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung and so many modern
researches carried out by neuropsychologists believe in the affect the thoughts and perceptions,


and belief system has over an individual and that all the conscious actions are based on the sub
conscious or the unconscious mind.
The study is comparison of before and after the counselling. The tools used were horoscope,
tarot, hypnotherapy. Comprehensive Anxiety Scale (Srivastava and Tiwari.) and satisfaction with
Life Scale (Diener et.al, 1985) were administered on the sample of 30 people of the age range of
24years to 57yrs old purposively selected from Indian origin. Some of the participants contacted
through email or face-book and mentioned questionnaires were sent through digitalized work.
The results revealed that astrological predictions are giving significant impact on anxiety and
satisfaction in life because human beings have a fear of the future known or unknown.....the not
knowing how to deal with a situation
Authors Address:
* Soul healer (counsellor,) Panchkula
** Principal, S.U.S. Govt. College, Indri (KARNAL)


IMPACT OF LONELINESS ON MENTAL HEALTH AMONG ADOLESCENTS

Rupinder Kaur* Rippen Gill Jassal**

ABSTRACT

The investigation aimed to explore the level of loneliness among adolescents and its impact on
their mental health. The study was based on a sample of 200 (100 boys and 100 girls)
adolescents in the age range of 14-16 years belonging to Punjabi origin , nuclear and middle
socio economic status families. The sample was randomly drawn from four Government High
and Senior Secondary Schools selected purposively from rural as well as urban areas of
Ludhiana district. The Socio Economic Status Scale developed by Meenakshi (2010), Perceived
Loneliness Scale developed by Jha (1971), and Mental Health Battery developed by Singh and
Gupta (2000) were used to collect the relevant data. Results revealed a significant association
between loneliness and gender of the adolescents. Whereas, loneliness was found to be non
significantly associated with the place of residence of the respondents. Females were found to
have high level of loneliness as compared to males. Further the locale of the respondents was
significantly associated with the mental health of adolescents. Loneliness was found to
significantly affecting the emotional stability, overall adjustment, security-insecurity and total
mental health of the adolescents.

Key words: Perceived Loneliness, Gender differences, Locale differences, Mental health.
About Authors:
*Research Scholar **Associate Professor, Department of Human Development, College of Home
Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.
E-mail: rippenj@pau.edu



LIFE SATISFACTION IN POST-RETIREMENT PERIOD: A STUDY ON RETIREES
OF PGIMER



*Ratika Sharma

ABSTRACT

With the rise in population of the aged people throughout the world, concern and care of the aged
has attracted global attention of the scientists and administrators. Owing to the rapid
advancement in industrial technology in the twentieth century, the more active labor force
needed in the labor market. The American society restricted the participation of older employees
in the labor market. As a small minority of older people stays active as a labor force, it has been
decided to not include them in gainful employment. Therefore, the term retirement got
introduced to the technological advanced societies. It is only for the past few decades that the
retired people are being regarded as a new category of persons in society. Retirement is for many
a time of fulfillment and great personal satisfaction. While for others it is a time of frustration
and isolation and become a crucial problem or a sudden change due to which they are not able to
adjust themselves with the existing situations. The present paper deals with the life satisfaction in
post-retirement period, various elements of life satisfaction and also measures how these
elements are the basis of life satisfaction among retirees.
Keywords: Life-satisfaction, Retirement, Social gerontology
Author Address:
*Research Scholar, Department of Sociology, Panjab University, Chandigarh




THE EFFECT OF NATURAL SURROUNDINGS ON MENTAL HEALTH

*Ritu Sarsoha

ABSTRACT

The relationship between environment and health is very important .A healthy body and a
healthy mind is the result of pollution free environment. A lot has been studied about the impact
of pollution on human heart, lungs, skin and other body parts but very less is known about the
impact of our natural surroundings on mood, concentration, intelligence, stress, annoyance,
anxiety, depression, cognitive development and overall mental health. To lead a normal life
physical and mental well being of a person is a prerequisite. Many studies have been conducted
on animals also.The effects of air pollution on the lungs and heart, very little is known about the
effect on mood and intelligence. Studies show that air pollution not only affects the behavioral
problems in kids but also on the foetus in the womb. The impact of environment on our life
begins before birth and continues throughout our lives. Present paper discusses the importance of
nature and environment on behavioral problems especially among the kids and youth living in
different surroundings. The paper focuses on a comparative study has been done by taking into
consideration different parameters. Different parameters were used to study the impact of an
environment, health and psychology.
Authors Address:
*Research scholar, P.U. Chandigarh




HAPPINESS IN INDIA: PAST PRESENT AND FUTURE

*Rituraj **Rai P.K.

ABSTRACT

Happiness a growing area of interest for academician in psychology has also gaining popularity
in India. Traditionally, happiness was thought to simply feel good, modern research is
increasingly revealing that happiness is associated with a wide range of desirable outcomes in
health, relationships, and at work. In west happiness economies (Frey,2008) and national
accounts of wellbeing(Diener & Seligman,2006) like concepts gaining recognitions at every
platforms. But India is a unique country with a society, history and cultural traditions unlike
anywhere else in the world. Indians both as individuals and as a nation, strive for lives full of
meaning, peace and positive emotion. In ancient India happiness is not solely depends on
materialistic things but it has several other factors e.g. forgiveness, compassion, renunciation and
wellbeing of mankind. Indian also experience happiness that is constructed from within and
defined by local standards for emotions and individual perceptions of the world. Present paper is
a quest to reveal actual meaning of Happiness or Wellbeing in Indian Perspectives with the help
of previous researches.

Keywords: Happiness, wellbeing, positive emotion
About Authors:
*&**Dept. of Psychology, Dr. H.S.Gour University, Sagar M.P. 470003




ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS AND ITS IMPACT ON HUMAN BEING

*Syed Ahmad Shah **Asif Hasan ***Rizwan Hassan Bhat

ABSTRACT

Since the dawn of civilisation organisms have been subject to evolutionary pressure from the
environment. The term stress and stressors are part of our everyday vocabulary. Stress is an
unavoidable part of life and is one of the most frequently researched issues within
environmental psychology. One way to understand the relationship between the environment
and human behaviour is to analyse environmental conditions that are capable of interfering with
optimal human functioning. In this paper we will make an attempt to establish that the concept of
stress has been used to specify environmental characteristic that may lead to physiological or
psychological discomfort. We will also provide the necessary information to understand the
construct of stress. With the help of some selected environmental stressors. We will evaluate the
affect of those stressors on the individual. Basically here we will be concerned with some
stressors associated with our increasingly complex urban society. Which is inclusive of stressors
like overcrowding, urban decay, educational deterioration, inadequate health services, crime,
racial discrimination and many more, such environmental factors as air, water and noise


pollutions can also be considered as stressors because many people view them as a threat or
potential source of harm.. At last, there will be an attempt with regards to the strategies to
manage environmental stressors.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor Lovely Professional University. Email Id:syed.18229@lpu.co.in
*&**(M.A II SEMESTER), Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University
Aligarh, U.P. Email Id: rizwanbhat08@gmail.com



RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LONELINESS AND ASSERTIVENESS AMONG
ALCOHOL ADDICTS

*Sahebjeet kaur **Varenyum

ABSTRACT

Alcoholism is a term used for problems with alcohol, and is generally refers to compulsive and
uncontrolled consumption of alcohol beverages, usually to the detriment of the drinker's health,
personal relationships, and social standing. It is medically considered a disease, specifically an
addictive illness.

Loneliness is a complex and usually unpleasant emotional response to isolation or lack of
companionship. Loneliness typically includes anxious feelings about a lack of connectedness or
communality with other beings, both in the present and extending into the future.

Assertiveness is the quality of being self-assured and confident without being aggressive.
The aim of the present investigation was to study the relationship between loneliness and
assertiveness among alcohol addicts. For this purpose, 40 subjects in the age group of 20-40
years of age were selected. The sample was collected from two rehabilitation centers, one in
Chandigarh and the other in Zirakpur. Loneliness was measured using the UCLA Loneliness
Scale (Russell, D, Peplau, L. A.. & Ferguson, M.L. (1978)) and Assertiveness was measured by
using the Assertiveness Questionnaire (Powell, T.J. (2000)). The statistical analysis employed
was Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Results indicated a significant relationship between
loneliness and assertiveness among alcohol addicts.
About Authors:
*&**M.C.M. D.A.V. College, Sector 36, Chandigarh


RELIGION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING: ROLE OF ISLAMIC
TEACHINGS IN MANAGING STRESS, ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION

*Sajad Ahmed

ABSTRACT



There is no doubt that we are living in a high-pressured world where we do not only deal with
the external stress that society puts on, but also with our own personal expectations,
responsibilities, work, relationships, goals for happiness and success and many more. Life is full
of many concerns stemming from the absence of certainity and control over our future. We can
never be completely free from worry and anxiety. No doubt, these compel us to alter our lives,
caution us against alarming things and force us to take necessary actions, but Sometime can
cause hazardous impact on our mental and physical state of health.
Dealing with stress, worry and anxiety have become a part and parcel of our routine life. For
many clinicians and scientists of the day, religion is highly relevant as a therapeutic agent
dealing with anxiety. In terms of spirituality, scientists have examined the effects of religion on
peoples emotions, with results suggesting that deep convictions often do relieve anxiety,
depression and despair. Religious involvement may be antithetical to psychological well-being
(Watters, 1992); the spheres of religiousness, faith and sacred beliefs have a great influence on
the mental health and emotional well being. Religious belief foster security of mind, maintain
mental stability, offer a sense of hope that enable the believer to better withstand suffering and
pain and give a sense of power and control through association with an omnipotent force.

It is quite apparent that, religion is the real cure and remedy for all type of sorrows, fear, anxiety,
stress and depression, and Islam in particular is the one major religion which, by providing a
code of behavior, ethics, and social values, helps people in tolerating and developing adaptive
coping strategies to deal with stressful life events. Islam rejects despair, hopelessness, suicide,
and urges people on patience, faith and struggle till victory. In the present study, an attempt is
made by the researcher to explore the role of Islamic teachings in dealing with day to day stress,
anxiety and depression. Some suggestions will also be given.
Keywords:- Religion, Anxiety, Depression, Stress, Islam, Faith.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Deptt. of Education, AMU, Aligarh. E.mail- sajadahmedjatt@gmail.com




PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING AND INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP AMONG
YOUTH

*Sudhir Samantaray **Hardeep Kaur

ABSTRACT

Psychological well being is conceptualized as combination of positive affective states and
functioning with optimal effectiveness in individuals life (Deci & Ryan, 2008). Well being takes
into account the amount of positive and negative affects a person experiences (Schimmack,
1997). An individuals quality and meaningfulness of interpersonal relationships are also
proposed to be an essential part of psychological well being (Ryff & Singer, 1998) and good
interpersonal relationship is an indicator of better psychological well being. The study aimed at
exploring the role of gender and psychological well being in relation to interpersonal
relationships among youth. For the above purpose, the sample comprised of 100 males and 100
females. Positive Affect (PAS) and Negative Affect (NAS) Schedules by Watson et al. (1988)


and Mood Index (MI1, MI2) by Batson, et al. (1988) were used to measure psychological well
being and interpersonal relationship questionnaire by Joanne Steinwachs were used for the study.
Comparative paradigm was adopted to find out whether there was significant differences exist
between the youth or not and interesting trends were found in relation to psychological well
being and interpersonal relationships. Interpersonal relationship has been found to be positively
correlated with psychological well being among youth. Sustaining psychological well being
leads to good interpersonal relationships among youth.
Key Words: Well being, Interpersonal relationship, Gender, Positive and Negative affect
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Post Graduate Govt. College, Sec -11, Chandigarh.
**Research Scholar, Panjab University, Chandigarh




IMPACT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING ON SELF ACTUALIZATION AND
SOCIAL DESIRABILITY AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS

*Saroj Sharma Nagpal **Ritu Sekhri

ABSTRACT

Psychological well being refers to living life in a full and deeply satisfying manner. It is
concerned with actualizing ones human potential (Deci & Ryan, 2008). Self-actualization can be
defined as the process of becoming oneself, developing ones potential, achieving an awareness
of ones identity and fulfilling oneself (LeFrancois, 1996). The study in hand probes the impact
of psychological well being on self actualization and social desirability among college students.
The sample of 100 males and 100 females were selected for the above purpose. Scale of
Psychological Well Being (SPWB) by Ryff (1995), Self-Actualization Index (SAI) by Jones &
Crandalls (1986) and Social Desirability Scale (MC) by Marlowe-Crowne (1964) were used for
the study. Comparative paradigm was adopted for the purpose and findings indicated that
psychological well being has been found to be positively correlated with self actualization and
social desirability. Psychological wellbeing and self actualization forms a basis for better social
desirability among college students.
Key words:Well being, Self Actualization, Social Desirability, Gender
About Authors:
*Associate Professor, Post graduate Govt. College, Sec-11, Chandigarh
**Research scholar, Panjab University, Chandigarh



IMPACT OF AGE, EDUCATION AND SPAN OF DEPLOYMENT ON
POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AMONG MILITARY PERSONNEL: AN
EMPIRICAL STUDY OF JAMMU REGION

*Samia Kohli**Ruby Charak *** Suneel Kumar



ABSTRACT

Since the dawn of civilization on planet earth, war remains one of the most critical issues in
human interaction. It has various causes and consequences that vary from age to age but when it
comes to the consequences of human health, life stands at the front line of the victimization.
Witnessing acts of warfare including killing, torture and widespread devastation can be severely
upsetting. It can also have significant mental health consequences for military personnel
witnessing death, destruction and torture; or participating in hostilities and killing. A Purposive
sample of 100 military personnel using cross sectional design was collected from two different
areas of Jammu. The objective of the present study is to assess the impact of Age, Education and
Span of Deployment among military personnel. Using anova, results indicated significant effect
of age, education and span of deployment on PTSD among military personnel. At a time when
our troops are working hard to answer nations call, their own needs to foster remained unmet.
This will interfere with their personal and occupational life and thereby, hampering their
personal and occupational growth. Thus it is the need of the hour to have proper check on mental
health of the military personnel.
Keywords: Mental health, Posttraumatic stress disorder, Victimization
About Authors:
*Author for correspondence, Presenting author and Research Scholar, Department of Strategic and
regional studies, University of Jammu, Jammu-180 006, Jammu and Kashmir, E
mail: pearls.shell@gmail.com
**Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Jammu, Jammu-180 006, Jammu and
Kashmir,E mail: rubycharak@yahoo.co.in
***Assistant Professor, Department of Strategic and Regional Studies, University of Jammu, Jammu-180
006, Jammu and Kashmir, India. E mail: kumar_narottum@yahoo.com



RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JOB SATISFACTION AND JOG INVOLVEMENT
AMONG PERSONNEL IN LIFE THREATENING JOBS

*Sana Noor Mohamed

ABSTRACT

Job satisfaction is how content an individual is with his/her job. Job satisfaction is an important
implication for the happiness of any individual. Job satisfaction depends upon various factors
among which job involvement is of significant importance. The present study investigates the
relationship between job satisfaction and job involvement in life threatening jobs. The job
involvement scale (Santosh Dhar, Upainder Dhar and D.K. Srivastava) and job satisfaction (Dr.
Amar Singh and Dr. T.R. Sharma) was administered to 50 personnel at Police Force and Fire
Rescue department. The collected data were analysed by using the correlation and the results
show positive correlation between job satisfaction and job involvement.
Keywords: Job Satisfaction, Job Involvement, Life Threatening jobs.
About Author:
*Final year UG students- Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore
641014. Email: sananoormd@gmail.com





METACOGNITION STYLE, STUDY HABIT AND PERSONALITY: A STUDY
BETWEEN HIGH AND LOW ACADEMIC ACHIEVERS

*Sangeetha j. ** P. Mahendran

ABSTRACT

Metacognitive strategies have been found to be effective in maintaining and improving the
learning of low academic achievers (Vandhana,2011). Similarly the study done by Osa-Edoh and
Alutu (2012) suggests that the students imbibing the proper study habits will improve their
academic performance. The academic achievement is also positively related to some of
personality factors such as extroversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness (Ferguson,2010).
In the present study, an attempt has been made to examine the existing differences between
high and low academic achievers on the metacognition, study habit and personality type.
Metacognitive Awareness Scale by Schraw and Dennison (1994), Study Habit Inventory by M.
Mukhopadhyaya and D.N Sansanwal (1983) and Myers-Briggs Type Indicator by Briggs Myers
(1956) were administered to a sample of 50 (fifty) high academic achievers and 50 (fifty) low
academic achievers who were selected on the basis of academic performance index. The results
show that there is a significance difference between high and low academic achievers with
respect to metacognition, study habit and personality types.

Keywords: Metacognition, Study habit, Personality type and academic achievement
About Authors:
*II M.Sc Applied Psychology, Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore-
641014, Tamil Nadu.
**Head, Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore-641014, Tamil Nadu.
Email: sangi1502@gmail.com



HEALTH MANAGEMENT OF ADOLESCENTS: PSYCHO-SOCIO-PHYSICAL
DIMENSIONS

*Sapna Nanda

ABSTRACT

Adolescence, the second decade of life, is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood
marked by rapid changes, which are physical, social and psychological in nature. Of the 12
million girls born in India every year, 1.5 million girls die before the age of one and one out of
every four does not live to celebrate her fifteenth birthday due to gender discrimination and gross
neglect. This can be linked to neglect of females as infants, as children, as adolescents and as
mothers. Accidents, violence and suicides are the three most common causes of death among
adolescents. Impaired mental and emotional health is a precursor or consequence of many health-
risk behaviours, such as physical, sexual or emotional abuse; reckless driving or excessive risk
taking; extreme eating habits and excessive influence of advertisement or other forms of media.


Other behaviour and attitudes are also integrally linked to adolescent mental health. These
dilemmas arise out of everyday issues like peer influence, dating identity, emerging sexuality,
independence, separation, identity crises, anxiety and responsibility as well as more serious ones
like violent behavior, experimental sex, teen suicides and other health related disorders. For the
health management of adolescents, psychological and interpersonal skills need to be acquired
to help them to communicate better, to make more informed and balanced decisions, to avoid
risky situations or to cope with stress as these skills shape attitudes and ultimately lead to pro-
social behaviour and productive life styles. Life skills are, thus, the abilities for adaptive and
positive behaviour that enables adolescents to deal effectively with the demands and challenges
of everyday life.
Keywords: Adolescents, Well-being and Life Skills.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, Government College of Education, Chandigarh; sapnananda@gmail.com



SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE AND LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG GRADUATE
STUDENTS

*Shabana Anjum **Mahmood S. Khan

ABSTRACT

The present study was designed to ascertain, spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction among
different courses of students. Spiritual intelligence is concerned with the inner life of mind and
spirit and its relationship to being in the world and it implies a capacity for a deep understanding
of existential questions and insight into multiple levels of consciousness. Spiritual intelligence
also implies awareness of spirit as the ground of being or as the creative life force of evolution. It
is related to emotional intelligence insofar but spiritual practices include developing
intrapersonal and interpersonal sensitivity and it depends on ones capacity to see things from
more than one perspective and to recognize the relationships between perception, personal
beliefs and behavior. Whereas life satisfaction is also important for human being as spiritual
intelligence is, the state or condition of well- Well-being means different things to different
people. For some, financial well being is most important; for others, physically being well; and
still others desire well being in relationships and family affairs. Freedom is important to well
being freedom from fear, worry, and anger. Life satisfaction involves various aspects of well-
being such as mental well-being, physical well-being, spiritual, peace and well-being. It always
begins in the mind and emotions. In this study an attempt was made, to examine the spiritual
intelligence and life satisfaction among students of different courses pursuing B.A. B.Sc. and
B.Com. from Aligarh Muslim University.
The Questionnaires were administered on 150 graduate students (N=150). The purposive random
sampling technique was used to select the students from different departments and colleges of
AMU, Aligarh. The Spiritual intelligence Self-Report Inventory and Life Satisfaction Scale were
administered for the purpose of collecting data. The result of the study was interesting and useful
for further researches and after obtaining the required data the t-test was computed for the
analysis. The result clearly shows that the high spiritual intelligent students have good life


satisfaction than low spiritual intelligent students and female students are more spiritual
intelligent and better life satisfaction then their male counterparts.
About Authors:
*&**Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh




WHO IS MORE SPIRITUAL.... MEN OR WOMEN

*Archana Satsangi **Shabdaa Joshi

ABSTRACT

Spirituality is related to higher regions. Spiritual belief is the inner power of decision making
between right and wrong, attaining a state of purity and bliss and experiencing extreme
happiness. Spiritual belief is the belief in the reality of the mythological or spiritual aspects of a
religion. The very concept of human personality is closely related to the concept of the nature of
a man. Man was created with the dual nature, namely; the body and the soul, which are
interrelated. Accepting the existence of the soul and free will, the personality is the lower self
while the soul is the higher self. Personality is the costume worn by the soul as it operates in
the material world in human form.
The sample of the present study consisted of 200 cases. Both male (50 extroverts and 50
introverts) and female (50 extroverts and 50 introverts) respondents of 40 to 60 years have been
conveniently selected. For measuring Spiritual Belief the scale by Deshmukh & Deshmukh
(2012) and for measuring personality type, the scale by Aziz & Gupta (1923) Introversion
Extroversion Inventory (Hindi) was used. Mann- Whitney U test was used. Results reveal that
Extrovert Personality people have more spiritual belief (M= 130.58) than Introvert Personality
people (M= 110.62), and the obtained Mann- Whitney U value (Zu= 8.396, p< 0.01) is highly
significant at 0.01 level. The result of the present study is found that there is a significant
difference of spiritual belief between extrovert male and extrovert female. The mean value of
female extrovert (M= 134. 04) is greater than male extrovert. It signifies that extrovert females
have more spiritual belief.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Department Of Psychology, Faculty Of Social Sciences, Dayalbagh, Agra
archanasat70@yahoo.co.in
**Student of MA Psychology, department of psychology, faculty of social sciences, dayalbagh, agra;
shabdaaj04@gmail.com



RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAMILY ENVIRONMENT AND DEPRESSION AMONG
ADOLESCENTS

*Shahin Zehra **Naheed Nizami

ABSTRACT



Background: A family is a social system where each family member influences, and is
influenced by the other members producing a family environment. A healthy family climate
helps youth to deal effectively with all the problems that take confront related to different areas
of life.
Aim: To study the effect of family environment on depression among adolescents.
Method: 200 students (100 male and 100 female) comprises the sample. Tools used were Beck
Depression Inventory-II by Beck (1996) and Family Environment Scale by Vohra (1998). SPSS
16 version was employed for data analysis.
Results: Results of Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis showed that out of seven dimensions
of family environment- moral orientation, independence and expression significantly predicted
depression among adolescents. Further, findings of the t-test showed that there is no significant
difference between male and female adolescents of vocational stream. However, on the basis of
mean score, female showed higher level of depression as compared to male adolescents. Also
professional courses students showed higher level of depression as compared to non-professional
courses students.
Conclusion: Consistent with the earlier researches, this study provides association between
family environment and depression among adolescents. Adolescent emotion regulation functions
as a mechanism through which temperament and family processes interact to increase the
vulnerability to develop depression. Above findings suggest that females adolescents as well as
professional courses students need more attention for their better career.
About Authors:
*&**Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, IndiaE-Mail: shaheenzehra@gmail.com




FORGIVENESS AND COPING IN STUDENTS

*Shanmukh V.Kamble**Sahana Sakri***Jomon Joy

ABSTRACT

Forgiveness has been conceptualized as a coping strategy employed in response to interpersonal
transgressions, betrayals, and other such offenses. After suffering a transgression, an individual
will likely experience a negative emotional reaction known as Unforgiveness, particularly if he
or she ruminates on the transgression. Forgiveness is one of the ways of dealing with
unforgiveness. Theoretical and empirical investigations suggest that forgiveness and
unforgiveness can be understood within a stress-and coping framework. Some coping strategies
addressing unforgiveness are problem focused and emotion focused. Unforgiveness is
conceptualized as stress reaction to interpersonal transgressions and can involve a wide range of
negative emotions, such as anger, hatred, hostility, resentment, bitterness, fear and anxiety. This
is tested on a sample of N=75 male and 75 female University students, employing Forgiveness
Scale (Rye et.al 2001) and COPE (Carver, Scheier & Weintraub 1998). Results revealed that
most students who employed emotional support, venting, self-blame were high on unforgiveness.
Further analysis revealed that age, sex, religion, domicile and socio-economic status of the
students contributed significantly to forgiveness. The findings supports for interventions to be


employed for the student population of effective Coping strategies to overcome unforgiveness.
The Life skill training has Coping with stress as one of its modules. This findings call in for
interventions of Coping with Stress to overcome Unforgiveness.
Keywords: Forgiveness, Unforgiveness, Coping, emotional support and venting
About Authors:
*Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Karnatak University Dharwad


PSYCHOSOCIAL ADJUSTMENT ASPECTS OF OLD AGE PERSONS

*Manju Kanwar Rathore ** Sheela Sangwan

ABSTRACT

Adjustment of the oldest old with the changing scenario and risingPlatform of globalization,
modernization and industrialization is verychallenging and of utmost importance. This paper
examines the level of adjustment in old age people and assesses the various socio-personal
factors influencing it. The study was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana state from where
urban area of Hisar was taken as locale of study.For this very purpose a sample of 30 old persons
(>60 year) were selected purposively from old age people gathering in CCSHAU campus in
evening hours. Respondents were assessed by using old age adjustment inventory (Hussain &
Kaur) to find out adjustment in the areas of health, home, social, material, emotional and
financial aspects. The results revealed that majority of respondents were moderately adjusted
followed by less than half of respondents, who were highly adjusted in the aspects of home,
social and financial domains. Respondents age had significant positive correlation whereas
income had negative correlation with their marital adjustment aspect.

Key words: Adjustment, old age people, health, home, social, material, emotional and financial
About Authors:
*MSc. Research Scholar & **Professor, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, I. C.
College of Home science, CCSHAU, Hisar -125004 Haryana, India




IMPACT OF INTERVENTION PROGRAMME ON COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF
DEPRIVED CHILDREN

*Kaushal, S. **Singh, C.K.

ABSTRACT

This paper highlights the importance of home environment on cognitive development of
children. The experiment was also conducted to find out the effectiveness of intervention
programme on cognitive abilities of poor children. The sample comprised 400 children belonged
to lower income group, selected randomly from Hisar and Ambala districts of Haryana state. The
home environment was assessed by Mohites Home Environment Inventory and cognitive


abilities of the children were measured by McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities Scale. The
results showed that the majority of underprivileged mothers provided poor home environment to
their children. Almost the children of Hisar and Ambala districts had mental age below their
chronological age and had poor verbal, perception, quantitative, memory, motor abilities and
general cognition. Deprived home environment influenced developmental levels of the children
which resulting poor verbal, perception, quantitative, memory, motor and general cognition.
Based on pre-testing, intervention programme was developed and implemented on thirty per cent
low performer underprivileged children. Further, results revealed that there were significant
improvement in verbal, perception, quantitative, memory, motor and general cognition of
experimental group children after execution of intervention programme.
About Authors:
*Ph.D Scholar & **Assoc. Professor, Department of Human Development and Family Studies,
CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004, HaryanaEmail Id: skaushal53@gmail.com



MEANING IN LIFE AS A CORRELATE OF MENTAL HEALTH

*Shriparna Singh **Shrutika Khandelwal

ABSTRACT

The mental health continuum (MHC; Keyes, 2002) emanated from the theoretical conception of
positive mental health represents the upper end of positive well-being and optimal human
functioning as indicated by emotional, psychological and social well-being. This reflects in
individuals evaluation and perception of their affective state, psychological and social
functioning. Meaning in life has enjoyed a renaissance of interest in recent years, and has
joined a host of other variables at the center of psychological accounts of the Good Life (e.g.
King & Napa, 1998; Lent, 2004; Ryff & Singer, 1998). Using MHC, the current study
investigated the associations between mental health (which was measured in terms of emotional,
psychological and social well-being) and meaning in life. A sample of 100 boys and girls in the
age range of 18-21years was taken. Two measures namely Mental Health Continuum- Short
Form (MHC-SF) and Meaning in Life questionnaire (MLQ) was administered. Results indicate a
significant positive correlation between mental health and presence of meaning. However, no
significant relationship was found with search for meaning.

Key words: Mental health, meaning in life and well-being
About Authors:
*Lecturer and **Student, ICG- The IIS University, Jaipur



ELDERLY ABUSE AND NEGLECT IN INDIA

Shivani Arora* S.K. Srivastava**

ABSTRACT



Elderly Abuse is a single or repeated act or lack of appropriate action occurring within any
relationship where there is an expectation of trust, which causes harm or distress to an older
person. The present paper is an effort in exploring this contentious issue in Indian context. The
rise of nuclear family system, dual-career families, a change in culture and values, the increasing
life expectancy associated with poverty, degeneration, neglect, abandonment and dependency,
have all viewed as the major causes of the problem and made the elderly more prone to abusive
treatment. The present paper discussed the major causes, problems, stresses of the problem. A
study was also done on older people from an old-age home VanPrastha Ashram, Haridwar to
study the major problems faced by them and their perception of abuse and neglect. The findings
revealed that elder abuse was not acknowledged by the participants as something that happened
in their community. They however did acknowledge the existence of maltreatment, neglect,
abandonment and disrespect within their society and community. Also discussed was the issue of
elder abuse in light of available data and researches and suggested few interventions for the
problem.
Keywords: Elderly Abuse, Neglect
About Authors:
*PhD Student in Psychology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar Email id:
shivaarora13.2@gmail.com
**Professor, Department of Psychology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar Email id:
sksrivastava1981@yahoo.com


WORKPLACE BULLYING AND ITS OUTCOMES IN A SOCIAL EXCHANGE
PERSPECTIVE: AN INDIAN CONTEXT

*Iain Coyne **Shivani Mehta

ABSTRACT

Psychological issues pertaining to workplace were examined in Indian employees (N=100) under
the aegis of social exchange theory. The relationship between psychological contract and
workplace bullying and its mediation by interactional justice were examined. Hypotheses
pertaining to the mediation by psychological contract and moderation by perceived
organisational support in the linkages between workplace bullying and job satisfaction, and
workplace bullying and well being were also evaluated. The degree of workplace bullying was
found to be unrelated to psychological contract. There was no indication of mediation or
moderation. The length of association with the organisation, employee age, and certain salient
features of Indian culture had a dominant effect on the relationship between workplace bullying
and elements of social exchange theory.

Keywords: job satisfaction, perceived organisational support, psychological contract, well
being, workplace bullying
About Authors:
*&**The University Of Nottingham, United Kingdom





SEEKING MEANING IN LIFE: THEMES OF MEANING AMONG KASHMIRI
MIGRANTS

*Shivani Sahdev

ABSTRACT

Kashmir, once known for its pristine beauty, is today hailed singularly as a land of international
dispute, terrorism, violence and constant unrest. This crowning glory of India, has bled for
decades in the name of religion and politics, however, the onset of insurgency in 1989 marked a
new chapter of atrocities. In the name of ethnic cleansing, Kashmiri Hindu Pandits were forced
to leave their homeland for generations and seek refuge in their own country as migrants, leaving
behind a legacy of torture, rapes, killings and forced exodus. Nonetheless, the community has
learned to live with its trauma to find meaningful existence. Using Inductive Analysis Approach,
this study identifies sources of meaning in life among Kashmiri migrants through their own
words.

Keywords: Kashmir, Insurgency, Trauma, Meaning in Life
About Author:
Research Scholar, Panjab University

GEN(DE)RATION GAP AND CULTURAL FACTORS OF HONOUR KILLINGS AT
TWO AGE LEVEL

* Shivani Sharma **Rajesh Kumar ***Rakesh Goyal

ABSTRACT

Honour killing is an extreme act of the domestic violence which culminates the murder of a
female by her own family and community. This concept of honour has been used by the
religious and ethnic groups and communities. The current study has been designed to know the
peoples perception and beliefs on honour killings or crimes. The focus is at knowing whether
people get involved in such heinous crimes due to religious and cultural encouragements or not.
It has been suggested that most of the victims are women. This form of violence actually
differentiates from religion to other religion. A survey research has been conducted to gather
information. The randomly selected ample of the consisting of 600 participants (300 youth and
300 elders) from the Tricity- Chandigarh, Panchkula and Mohali. A Self Developed Interview
Schedule comprises of total 11 questions were administered uniformly and confidentiality of the
results were assured to every participants The obtained results revealed that age and gender
differences are significantly related to differences in opinions among the youth and elderly
people and apart from this, the cultural factors also played a significant role in Honor killing.

Key words: Honour Killings, Generation Gap, Cultural factors, Gender Gap.
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, Dept. of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh.
*** Head, Dept. of psychology, PG Govt. College, Sector-46, Chandigarh


** Head, Dept. of Psychology, Smt. A.A.A Govt. College, Kalka (Haryana)





A POWERFUL SILENCE: THE ROLE OF YOGA AND MEDITATION PRACTICES
FOR HEALTH

*Sonia Chopra

ABSTRACT


Yoga literally means "union" and refers to the union of mind and body. Yoga is a holistic
practice which emphasizes mind-body connectedness and involves postures, breathing, and
meditation. Yoga is a 5,000 year old practice that began in ancient India. It is receiving growing
recognition by health professionals as a powerful tool for promoting mental and physical well-
being. Yoga postures are a form of meditation in motion, calming the mind and cultivating a
state of relaxed but alert concentration. The postures help to release built-up tension and
emotional stress, which burrow into the muscles of the body. As the body relaxes, the breath
naturally becomes balanced. When the breath comes into balance, the mind relaxes and becomes
quiet. Meditation helps to develop greater calmness, clarity, and insight in facing and embracing
life experiences. Yoga is science of life, it offers us simple, easy remedies and techniques and
methods of health and hygiene to assure physical and mental fitness with a minimum of time,
effort and expense. Essentially, yoga is a preventative and cost-effective approach to overall
well-being.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Department of Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh



IMPACT OF BEHAVIOURAL FACTORS IN HYPERTENSION

*Sirotiya S. **Rai P.K. *** Jain S.

ABSTRACT

Health behaviors are behaviors undertaken by people to enhance or maintain their health. Poor
health behaviors should be given attention not only because they result in illness but also because
they easily turn up in poor health habits. Objective: To investigate the role of behavioral factors
in hypertension. Method: 50 hypertensive and 50 normotensive males (bank managers) were
selected for the sample that was similar on other criteria for example, Income, working hours etc
to the reasonable extent. Bank managers were selected as sample because their work is of
sedentary nature. The group were classified and matched on the basis of blood pressure
measurement and short interview. Measure used was personal data sheet which revealed
behavioral practices of the sample. Design: Ex-post facto design was used. Data analysis: Chi
square test was used for analyzing data collected on personal data sheet. Results: Data analysis


revealed that number of hypertensive patients who took alcohol was significantly higher than
those who didnt. Same results were observed on the criteria of smoking. Less number of
hypertensive patients (22) exercised in comparison to normotensive patients (45). Hypertensive
patients have poor sleep habits. Only 12 hypertensive patients had sleep of 7-8 hours a day in
comparison to normotensive patients (45) who completed their sleep.. Conclusion: The study
shows differences in behavioral practices among hypertensive and normotensive sample.
Implications are discussed in the paper.
Keywords: behavioral factors, hypertension, health behaviors.
About Authors:
*&**&***Research scholar, Department of psychology, Dr.H.S.Gour University, Sagar,M.P



MARITAL ADJUSTMENT, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND WELL-BEING
ACROSS GENDER

*Syed Shehna**Sugandha Gupta ***Chandra Shekhar ****Adity Jamwal

ABSTRACT

Marriage is undoubtedly one of the most important relationships between a man and a woman,
which is an amalgamation of emotional and legal commitment good marriage not only produces
a satisfied life but it also generates a sense of well-being. The present study addressed the
association among the variables; marital adjustment, perceived social support and well being
which emphatically attest to the quality of a marriage. The sample consisted of 100 married
males and females (50 males and 50 females) across different age groups i.e. 30-40 years (25
males and 25 females) and 50-60 years (25males and 25 females). All participants were selected
using purposive sampling technique and the assessment tools were Locke and Wallace marital
adjustment test (MAT) byLocke, H.J, & Wallace, K.M. (1959), Multidimensional Scale of
Perceived Social Support, (MPSS) by Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet and Farley (1988) and PGI General
Well-being Measure by Moudgilet, al. (1986). Mean, S.D, t-test and Correlation were used for
statistical analysis. The results indicated that there was a significant difference in marital
adjustment and social support across age group and gender respectively. Where as there were
non significant differences on the continuum of well-being. Findings also revealed there was no
significant relationship between social support and well-being.

Key Words: Marital adjustment, perceived social support, well-being
About Author:
*Junior Research Fellow, **P.G Student, ***Sr.Asst. Professor, ****Research Scholar
P.G. Department of Psychology, University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi, J&K (India)



GENDER DIFFERENCES ON NEGATIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL STATES

*Talha Ahmad **Huma Hilal ***Sabiha Baby



ABSTRACT

The present study examined difference between male and female prisoners on overall score and
the subscales of DASS (Depression, Anxiety And Stress Scale) developed by Lovibond &
Lovibond (1995). DASS was administered on 25 male and 25 female prisoners imprisoned in
district Jail of Aligarh city. The data were collected through face to face method. Each
participant was instructed to give his/her response on four point likert scale ranging from 0 to 3
(0= did not apply to me at all, 1= applied to me to some degree, 2= applied to me to a
considerable degree and 3= applied to me very much). Results revealed that male and female
prisoners significantly differed on DASS overall score. The t-value was found to be 2.02 which
is significant at .05 level. When we compared mean of subscale i.e. Depression, Anxiety and
Stress we found that mean of male prisoners on depression (21.28) higher than the mean of
female prisoners (18.28). It means that male prisoners are more depressed than the female
prisoners. But when we compared mean on anxiety subscale male prisoners (16.8)higher than the
mean of female prisoners (15.28). It means that male prisoners are more anxious than the female
prisoners. And similarly Stress subscales of DASS, female prisoners mean (23.36) higher than
the male prisoners mean (22.76). It can be safely concluded that female prisoners are more
stressed than the male prisoners. Thus, in the light of our finding it can be concluded that the
male prisoners were more prone to negative psychological states in comparison to female
prisoners.The findings were discussed in the light of existence studies also.
About Author:
*Student (B.A. I year), **Post Doctoral Fellow, ***Post Doctoral Fellow, Department of Psychology,
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh



ROLE OF MEDITATIVE TECHNIQUES IN HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT:
A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE

*Tanuja Talwar

ABSTRACT

Human Resource Development (HRD) is the framework for helping employees to develop their
personal and organizational skills, knowledge and abilities. HRD includes such opportunities as
training, career development, performance management, coaching, mentoring of the most
important asset of the company i.e.,human resources .Present day lifestyle often leads to stress
and restlessness amongst employees, which affects productivity adversely. Meditation is a
scientific technique, which if practiced regularly in a systematic way, can bring wonderful
change in the attitude and other personality traits of the practitioners. This paper reviews the
work done by various researchers regarding the role of meditative techniques in Human
Resource Development. It has been established that meditation is an effective tool to augment
traits like Analytical Power, Concentration, Confidence, Efficiency, Memory Power, Optimism,
Patience, Physical Relaxation and Academic Performance. In addition, meditation leads to
diminution in the levels of Arrogance and Mental Stress. Arrogance and Mental Stress can lead
to violent and disruptive behaviour.
_____________________________________________________________________________


About Author:
Asstt. Professor, PGGC-46, Chandigarh


SPECIFIC PREDICTIVE FACTORS: CHILDREN WITH LEARNING DISABILITY

*Rashi Jain **Neelam Pandey ***Udita Khurana

ABSTRACT

Learning Disability is a term that describes a heterogeneous group of disorders that impact
listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, math, and social skills.A learning disability is
not something that can be outgrown or that is cured by medication, therapy, or expert tutoring.
Everyday an individual with Learning Disability is faced with multiple hurdles. This study finds
factors in the prenatal, delivery, perinatal and early schooling, found significant with mothers of
children with learning disability. Emphasis has shifted onto study of those variables that
enhance the factors of causing learning disability in children. Mothers of already identified LD
children were studied to see how specific factors (Prenatal factors, Delivery, Perinatal factors
and early schooling) lead to causing learning problems in children.

The current study aimed at investigating some specific factors common in the history of children
with learning disability. The objective of the present research is to understand the causes of
learning disability in children and tofind out the most dominant factors helpful in preventing it
from occurring. In this research, factors that could have negative impact of learning disability
were identified. It was hypothesized that there would be a positive relationship between mothers
bed rest and mother taking medication during pregnancy and the history of learning disability.
Also that there would be a positive relationship between early school difficulties of the child and
learning disability were expected to be significantly correlated.

The study reported positive relationship among mothers bed rest, mother taking medication
during pregnancy and history of learning disability. The study provides an opportunity for further
research to uncover the possible factors common in the history of children with learning
disability that may be present. Also it adds to the already existing data pool with equivocal
studies.

Keywords:Predictive Factors; Learning Disability
About Author:
* Student, AIPS, Amity University, Noida
** Assistant Professor, AIPS, Amity University, Noida
npandey1@amity.edu
**Ms. Udita Khurana, Assistant Professor, AIPS, Amity University, Noida
uditakhurana@gmail.com



ETHNO-CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN INDIA: A CHALLENGE FOR PROVISION OF
MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES



*Urvashi Roul

ABSTRACT

India is the home for hundreds of tribes, indigenous people and thousands of sub-communities
comprising several castes, linguistic and ethnic groups. Though the cultural diversity stemming
from ethnic roots have enriched the Indian society enormously, it also poses significant
challenges for provision of mental health services in the country, which is otherwise suffering
from inadequate infrastructure, lack of trained manpower and absence of ethno-culture sensitive
mental health care framework. Ethno-cultural variables affect the mental health care in three
different ways. Firstly, the cognitive processes of individuals are mediated through ones ethno-
cultural coloured prism consisting the norms, values, rituals and practices of the day and
inherited from early psychosocial development stages of the individual. Secondly, ethno-cultural
variables affect the two-way communication between the client and the mental health
practitioner, each steeped in ones own biases, prejudices and lack of understanding and
appreciation of the others ethno-cultural ways. Thirdly, the vanilla mental health care provision
without having consideration to the ethno-cultural diversity and lack of representative
practitioners from the minority ethnic communities create barriers on the part of the minorities
like the tribes, schedule castes and people from other marginal societies to avail mental
healthcare facilities and consultations. The present paper tries to synthesise the available
literature, research studies and secondary reports to provide a suggestive better framework for
delivery of mental health services in a country like India.
Key words: Cultural and ethnic diversity, cultural psychology, mental health practice, mental
health framework, cognitive processes in interpersonal interactions.
About Author:
Head, Department of Psychology, PG Government College for Girls, Sector-42, Chandigarh


STRESS: CASTE, GENDER AND FAMILY

*Vijaysen Pandey**P.S.N. Tiwari

ABSTRACT

The study aims to investigating the stress of villagers about social stresses and coping strategies.
Two hundred forty subjects varying along the dimension of caste groups (Gen, OBC, SC), family
structure (joint and nuclear) and gender (male and female) drawn from eastern U.P., were
subjected to measure of stress and coping. Findings revealed that villagers experience moderate
level of stress on various dimensions of stress i.e. loss of family members, break down of social
cohesion, generation gap, economic loss, health problem and lack of support. If we see the
coping strategies of villagers they use all type of coping strategies but mostly they prefer active
coping in terms of repair and fight back. Educational level played a significant role in this
context.
About Author:
*Amity University, Noida **D.D.U. Gorakhpur University





IMPACT OF FORGIVENESS ON SUBJECTIVE HAPPINESS AMONG
ADOLESCENTS

*Vivek Bhuchar **Parul Sharma ***Vivek Sangwan

ABSTRACT

Happiness can be postulated as the ultimate form of human contentment and if forgiveness is a
reflection of human strength and positive thinking and engagement it would be expected that
forgiveness shares a positive association with happiness. Happiness is often treated, both
theoretically and empirically as a one-dimensional concept (Hills and Argyle, 2002). Forgiveness
may be considered simply in terms of the person who forgives including forgiving themselves, in
terms of the person forgiven or in terms of the relationship between the forgiver and the person
forgiven (Cook, 2001). Forgiveness is an ability to make peace with the word no (Luskin,
2010). The meaning of forgiveness is the renunciation or cessation of resentment, indignation or
anger as a result of a perceived offence, disagreement or mistake or ceasing to demand
punishment or restitution (Ryf, 2014). The aim of the current investigation was to study the
impact of forgiveness on subjective happiness. For this purpose, the Forgiveness scale
(Thompson et al., 2005) and Subjective Happiness scale (Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999) were
administered to the sample of 60 students in age range of 18-25 years. The sample was taken
from different colleges of Chandigarh. The results revealed positive impact of forgiveness on
subjective happiness.
About Author:
*Resource Person & **Student, Post Graduate Government College-46, Chandigarh
***Student, RCI, New Delhi



IMPACT OF SPIRITUALITY ON SELF-ESTEEM AND SUBJECTIVE HAPPINESS
AMONG ADOLESCENTS

*Roshan Lal **Rajesh Kumar ***Vivek Bhuchar ****Rajbir Singh Dhaliwal

ABSTRACT

The essence of spirituality is when we know our real self and also to discover the true nature of
consciousness (Russell, 2006). Spirituality can be defined as the ongoing endeavor to grow in
our relationship with God (Capuchin, 1996). Therefore, spirituality is not something we
eventually finish like a job or a project. We attend it, nurture it, and refine it till the day we die.
The self-esteem is a term used to reflect persons overall emotional evaluation of his or her own
worth. It is a judgement of oneself as well as an attitude toward the self. Therefore, self-esteem
can be termed as how we value ourselves. Happiness is a mental or emotional state of well-being
characterized by positive or pleasant emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy. The aim
of the current investigation was to study the impact of spirituality on self-esteem and happiness.
For this purpose, the Spirituality scale (Hall & Edwards, 1996), Self-Esteem scale (Rosenberg,


1965) and Subjective Happiness scale (Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999) were administered to the
sample of 60 students in the age range of 18-25 years. The sample was taken from different
colleges of Chandigarh. The results are in the line with the prediction.
About Author:
*Asst. Prof., Dept. of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh
**Asst. Prof., Dept. of Psychology, Post Graduate Government College-46, Chandigarh
***Resource Person, Post Graduate Government College-46, Chandigarh
****Student, Dept. of Psychology, Post Graduate Government College-46, Chandigarh



A CASE OF RESTRUCTURING LULLABIES FOR EMOTIONAL BONDING WITH
TODDLERS AND TRY-OUT WITH YOUNG MOTHERS TO STUDY THEIR
REACTIONS

*Lalit Kishore

ABSTRACT

Lullabies had been the parts of most cultures around the world for creating emotional bond with
and emotional ventilation toward toddlers. However, a revealing news story that in the west and
influence of urbanization have led to replacement of culturally evolved lullabies with rock and
pop songs has been the motivation for this study. The investigator took upon him to reconstruct
the old English lullabies as per the evidence-based basic norms and attributes of such songs sung
softly with emotion tonal value. The object of the research cum intervention were (i) To study
and reconstruct 8 lullabies with repetitive words with soft tonal rendering; and (ii) To try out
these lullabies on urban young mothers (N=10; Age: 30-40 years, English speaking, Jaipur
residents). Parents reacted positively (p0.01, D.F. =2; chi-square test) and made favourable
comments for the intervention that created awareness for parental education for informed choices
for proper upbringing of children.
Keywords: Emotional bonding, emotional ventilation, lullabies, parental education, sound sleep
About Author:
Vice-Chairperson, Bal Sansar Sanstha, Jaipur, India Email: lalit_culp@rediffmail.com


LOCUS OF CONTROL AND SELF-ESTEEM IN RELATION TO HOME
ENVIRONMENT

*Aaliya Akhtar **Shailbala Saxena

ABSTRACT

The present study is an attempt to explore relationship between locus of control and self esteem
of adolescents. Mutiphasic sampling method was used to select the sample. In the first phase 600
adolescents (300 boys and 300 girls) in the age range of 1418 years belonging to nuclear
families were selected and administered the self developed Home Environment Scale. After that
the respondents were categorized into two groups i.e. the participants with favourable and


unfavourable home environments on the basis of their mean and standard deviation on the said
scale and they were the final research subjects for the study. In the last phase the final sample of
281 subjects 152 favourable home environments and 129 unfavourable home environments)
were administered Locus of Control Scale and Self Esteem Inventory. The data were analyzed by
calculating coefficients of correlations. The results of the study revealed that there is a significant
negative relationship between locus of control and both the personally perceived and socially
perceived self esteem of adolescents irrespective of type of home environments. A strong
positive association between personally perceived and socially perceived self-esteem was found
irrespective of home environment and sex. The findings are discussed in the light of earlier
studies.
Keywords: Locus of Control, Self Esteem, Sex and Home Environment.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Barkatullah University, Bhopal (M.P.)
**Retired Principal, Govt. Girls College, Raisen (M.P.), E-mail: loneaaliya80@gmail.com



LOCUS OF CONTROL AND SELF-ESTEEM IN RELATION TO HOME
ENVIRONMENT

*Aaliya Akhtar**Shailbala Saxena

ABSTRACT

The present study is an attempt to explore relationship between locus of control and self esteem
of adolescents. Mutiphasic sampling method was used to select the sample. In the first phase 600
adolescents (300 boys and 300 girls) in the age range of 1418 years belonging to nuclear
families were selected and administered the self developed Home Environment Scale. After that
the respondents were categorized into two groups i.e. the participants with favourable and
unfavourable home environments on the basis of their mean and standard deviation on the said
scale and they were the final research subjects for the study. In the last phase the final sample of
281 subjects 152 favourable home environment and 129 unfavourable home environment) were
administered Locus of Control Scale and Self Esteem Inventory. The data were analyzed by
calculating coefficients of correlations. The results of the study revealed that there is a significant
negative relationship between locus of control and both the personally perceived and socially
perceived self esteem of adolescents irrespective of type of home environments. A strong
positive association between personally perceived and socially perceived self-esteem was found
irrespective of home environment and sex. The findings are discussed in the light of earlier
studies.
Keywords: Locus of Control, Self Esteem, Sex and Home Environment.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Barkatullah University, Bhopal (M.P.)
** Retired Principal, Govt. Girls College, Raisen (M.P.), E-mail: anuteotia@rocketmail.com





EMOTIONAL VENTING THROUGH HYPNOTHERAPY: A CASE STUDY ON CORD-
CUTTING

*Teotia, A.

ABSTRACT

As very truly quoted by Dale Carnegie when dealing with people, remember you are not
dealing with creatures of logic, but creatures of emotion. Emotions are royal road to humanity,
but what happens when these emotions overpower a person, venting of them becomes essential.
The current study describes the successful use of Hypnotherapy, more specifically Cord-cutting
for emotional venting and relieving the emotional trauma of an adolescent girl, who was in a
troublesome romantic relationship. Adolescence is a period of life, which is full of ups and
downs. It is period of social and psychological transition between childhood and adulthood.
After puberty, children become more aware of the opinions and emotions of both themselves and
others. They enter into a new world to relationships while adjusting with hormonal effects and
new physical changes. As they are not mature enough to handle a relationship at this stage,
relationship issues are very common and many a times converted into great emotional trauma for
them, which has a huge imprint in their life.
Within a time-period of five months, overall eleven sessions were conducted of which two were
of hypnodrama for emotional venting, two were of cord-cutting and four were follow-up
sessions. In the last follow-up session she reported 92% improvement in her condition. As per
her verbatim report the use of hypnotherapy was successful not only in dealing with emotional
trauma significantly but also in enhancing her self-esteem and academic performance.

KEY WORDS-Adolescents, Hypnotherapy, Roamantic-relationship, Cord-cutting and
Hypnodrama
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan.



A STUDY OF SPIRITUAL WELL BEING IN RELATION TO MENTAL HEALTH
AMONG STUDENTS

*Ayesha Khan

ABSTRACT

The present study aims to investigate the relationship between spiritual well-being and mental
health of students. The present study also investigates gender difference on spiritual well-being
and mental health. The study was carried on 120 undergraduate students (60 males and 60
females) of Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. Mental Health Inventory developed by Jagdish
and srivastava (1996), and Spiritual well-Being Scale developed by Ellison (1983) and
paloutzian & Ellison (1982) were used in the present study. Pearson product moment Correlation
was applied to investigate the relationship between spiritual well being and mental health of
graduate students; t-test was applied to see the difference between mean scores of male and


female students on spiritual well being and mental health. Findings of the study revealed a
significant correlation existed between spiritual well being and mental health. Findings also
showed that no significant difference observed between male and female on spiritual well-being
and mental health. Further it was also found that male and female were differed significantly on
existential well-being subscales but no significant gender difference was found on religious well-
being subscales.

Key words: Spiritual, Well Being, Mental Health, Students
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology,Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh.
E-mail: ayeshaakhlaq.khan260@gmail.com


IMPACT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING AND BUSINESS STRATEGY ON
BUSINESS OUTCOME

*Fatima Shahnawaz **Shamim A. Ansari

ABSTRACT

For all business, outcome is very important. It is a matter of fact that business without profitable
gains has never been the objective of any organization either it is a social organization or
individual organization. Business outcome is usually determined by companys profit and/or
attainment of business objectives and goals in a desired direction. Since, todays contemporary
world is highly materialistic and calculative so, business outcome is of utmost relevance.
In the light of the above assertion, the present empirical study was carried on to examine the
impact of psychological well being and business strategy on business outcome. It is imperative to
mention that for good business outcome, owners of the business should possess sound
psychological well being along the abilities to adopt effective business strategies. This is the
reason why, psychological well being and business strategy was taking as predictors of business
outcome. The study was conducted on N= 100 retail business owners. The scores of the study
were given statistical treatment of multiple regression that revealed very important results in
terms of predictor of business outcome and the results have been discussed in a bit detail with
logical explanation along with the relevant suggestions for improving business.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, E-mail: fatima.shahnawaz@rediffmail.com
**Department of Psychology, AMU, Aligarh.



MINDFULNESS - A SOURCE OF WELL BEING AMONG STUDENTS

*
Harleen Kaur

ABSTRACT





Human Life in today's generation has become very fast. People are running after technology as
they are so much dependent on it. Too much of dependence has made them forgot their peace of
mind. To deal with this one has to meditate once in a day so that the level of stress in oneself
lowers down & this can be best done if one has an approach of Mindfulness-which makes one
aware of their moment to moment experiences, noticing and accepting their thoughts, feelings
and emotions. Mindfulness is a way of thinking about and approaching life that allows us to
transform our experience moment by moment. This can be taught to the todays youth through
the medium of education that cultivates greater self-acceptance, sharpness of mind and a
sustained inner ability to counter stress. It is a critical skill that assists to live, not just survive.
Mindfulness brings a sense of calm and kindness, as we learn to focus our attention in the
sensory aspects of the present moment rather than getting lost in memories of the past a worry
about the future. Mindfulness improves well being i.e. it is a key to happiness which has been
lost in the world of technology.

Key Words: Mindfulness, Well Being, Students
About Author:
*
Research Scholar, Department of Education, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar




SPIRITUAL WELL-BEING OF SHRINE VISITORS: THE ROLE OF SPIRITUAL
ATTITUDE

*Shar-Ul Nisa-Haroon **Roomana N. Siddiqui

ABSTRACT

Spirituality is concerned with people finding meaning and purpose in their lives, as well as a
sense of belongingness to their community. This sense of to connectedness to something larger
than oneself enhances the spiritual well-being of people. Spiritual well being enables an
individual to search for meaning in life and a sense of personal worth. In todays fast paced
society one still finds a large number of people strongly connected to spiritual places and saints.
Kashmir has a strong tradition in Sufi culture. It has been home to some well known Sufi saints
and even today people are associated with the preaching of these saints and regularly visit their
shrines (Mazars). It is worth investigating the spiritual attitude of these shrine goers. Spiritual
attitude is a predisposition that views all or part of life through a spiritual lens. The present
paper attempts to understand the spiritual well-being of shrine visitors and non-visitors and the
role that spiritual attitude plays in enhancing their spiritual well-being. The sample consists of
100 adolescents from Kashmir, among which 50 were male and 50 were female. The age ranges
from 16 to 19 years. Two questionnaires were administered on each individual namely spiritual
well-being (SWBS) and spiritual attitude scale (SAS). The results found that shrine visitors have
more spiritual well being in comparison to non visitors.
Keywords: spiritual well- being, spirituality attitude, shrines.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, **Associate Professor, Department of psychology (AMU)
Email Id: seherharoon16@gmail.com





A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DEPRESSION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING
AMONG SPOUSES OF ALCOHOL DEPENDENTS AND NON-ALCOHOL
DEPENDENTS

*Shailendra Pratap **Himani Anand ***Anamika Mishra

ABSTRACT

The present study conducted with the aim to study the level of depression and psychological
wellbeing among spouses of alcohol dependent and non-dependent. The total samples of 60
couples ranging in age from 20 to 50 years were selected through purposive sampling technique.
Sample consisted of 30 spouses in Group I (alcoholic group) and 30 spouses in Group II (non-
alcohol group). Both the groups were matched on the basis of age, education and socio-economic
status. Severity of Alcohol Dependence was measured by a questionnaire formulated by Edwards
and Gross (1976) and Edwards (1978). Depression was measured by a Beck depression
Inventory II (BDI II). Wellbeing was measured by a P.G.I. Wellbeing scale by Moudgil, Verma,
Pal and Kaur (1986). Descriptive statistics, correlation, chi square and t-test were applied to
compare the depression and psychological wellbeing among the spouses of alcohol dependents
and non-alcohol dependents. Results revealed that both the groups differed significantly in terms
of the severity of depression and psychological wellbeing. Correlation was also computed for
depression and psychological wellbeing. Correlation between depression and psychological
wellbeing (r= 0.61) was found to be negatively correlated with each other. Spouses of alcohol
dependent patients are more stressed and they tried to cope up with their stressful situations so
their wellbeing is very low.
Keywords: Alcoholic dependent, Non-alcoholic dependent, Depression, Psychological
Wellbeing
About Author:
*Student, Department of Clinical Psychology, Post Graduate Institute of Behaviour and Medical
Sciences, Raipur Email id : shail.psy@rediffmail.com
**Research Scholar, UGC-SRF, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Dayalbagh
Educational Institute, Agra Email id: anand.himani18@gmail.com
***Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Dev Sanskriti Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar




PERCEPTION OF BODY-ESTEEM AMONG OBESE AND NON-OBESE FEMALE

*Huma Hilal **Zulfiqarullah Siddiqui

ABSTRACT

Low body-esteem or body dissatisfaction has been found to be correlated to depression and
eating disorder and this problem is affecting individuals of different groups. In regards of body-


esteem, researchers have studied on the differences in age groups ( ODea & Caputi, 2001;
Smolak, 2004), gender (L.R. Jones, Fries, & Danish, 2005; Lokken, Ferraro, Kirchner, &
Bowling, 2003; McKinley, 1998; ODea & Caputi, 2001), culture (Akiba, 1998; Jung, Forbes,
&Chan, 2010), ethnic (L.R. Jones et al., 2005; Koff & Benavage, 1998), and socioeconomic
status (SES) (ODea & Caputi, 2001). Some of the differences found show that different nominal
groups do show different level of body-esteem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the
perception of body-esteem among obese and non-obese female. A sample of 200 was used; 100
obese female and 100 non-obese female. Their age rang varies from 15-40 years. Body mass
index was used as criteria to decide obese and non-obese. The BMI that was examined 30 or
above was consider as obese and when it is less than 25 consider as non-obese. The Body-
Esteem Scale (BES) given by Franzoi and Shields (1991) was used as the measurement of body-
esteem in present study. There are three dimensions in BES. These are (1) Sexual Attractiveness
(SA), (2) Weight Concern and (3) Physical Condition. The data were analysed by t-test. The
findings of present research clearly revealed that obese and non-obese female differ significantly
on body esteem. More specifically obese female have low body self esteem as comparison to
non-obese female. We also compared on these three dimensions of body esteem i.e (1) Sexual
Attractiveness (SA), (2) Weight Concern and (3) Physical Condition in obese and non-obese
female. The findings were discussed in the light of existence studies and some ethical issues.
Alternative explanations were also offered.
About Author:
*Post Doctoral Fellow&**Research Scholar Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University,
Aligarh E-mail: humahilal@gmail.com



IMPACT OF STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS AND SOCIAL SUPPORT ON HEALTH AND
ADJUSTMENT OF ADOLESCENTS

*Iram Feroz and **Asma Parveen

ABSTRACT

Purpose:To determine the impact of stressful life events and social support on health and
adjustment of adolescents.
Background: Stressful life events are an unpleasant psychological and physiological state caused
due to some internal or external demands that go beyond ones capacity. Adolescents are
experiencing enormous amount of stress, emotional and psychological problems which affect
their health and adjustment. This period can be called as crucial stage of human life with various
problems. In these context individual differences such as social support perceived by others,
coping strategies, anxiety, stress, psychopathological factors seem to play an important role.
Method: The present study comprised of 200 adolescents: 100 were boys and 100 were girls,
age ranged from 13 to 18 years, purposely selected from different school of Aligarh (India). To
measures stressful life event, social support, health and adjustment we used stressful life event
scale of Shilpa et al (2007), social support scale of Zimet and Farley (1988), general health
quetionaire-28 of David Goldberg (1978) and MohsinShamshad Adaptation of Bell Adjustment
Inventory (1987).


Results: The obtained data were statistically analyzed by means of t test and analysis of
variance.
Discussion: Both groups of male and female adolescents differ significantly with each other in
terms of experience of stressful life events, social support perceived by others, in their health and
adjustment. Further, stressful life events and social support significantly influenced the health
and adjustment of adolescents.
Conclusion:Based on the findings of the present research study it can be concluded that stressful
life events can shape individual biographies and affect mental and physical health to a large
extent; numerous studies have documented morbidity and mortality data as a result of stress. A
different pathway is represented by stress-induced behaviors that impair health and adjustment.
At this stage social support play a very crucial and decisive role.
This research study would be helpful in understanding the impact of stressful life events and
social support on health and adjustment of adolescents.

Key words: stressful life events, social support, health, adjustment and adolescents
About Author:
*Ph.D Scholar iramferoz786@gmail.com
**Associate Professor-Department of Psychology Aligarh Muslim University



THE IMPACT OF PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS AND FAMILY ECONOMIC
CONDITION ON ANXIETY SIGNS OF MENTAL HEALTH: A STUDY AMONG
STUDENTS OF BOOSHERS HIGH SCHOOLS IN IRAN.

*Seyed Younes Mohammadi Yousef Nejad

ABSTRACT
In the present study, an attempt was made to find out the Impact of Problem solving Skills and
Family Economic Condition on Anxiety among students of Booshers High Schools in Iran. The
hypotheses of the present study were, 1. Problem solving Skills is effective on Anxiety signs of
mental health among the experimental group. 2. Problem solving Skills is increase post test
among the experimental group on Anxiety signs of mental health.3. Family Economic Condition
is not effective on Anxiety signs of mental health among the experimental group.
Participants consisted of students of high schools. The sample selected for the present study
consists of 200 male students (N=200) of first grade of high schools of Bousher city. The subject
will be selected randomly and divided in to two groups, experimental and control groups. the
experimental group alone undergoes the intervention programme i.e., Problem solving Skills .
General Information Schedule prepared by the investigator was used to gather personal
information regarding each subject.
General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) of Goldberg (1979) was used to measure mental health of
the students.
Repeated Measure t-TEST and ANOVA were employed to find out the effectiveness of Problem
solving Skills and Family Economic Condition on Anxiety signs of mental health. Results
revealed that Problem solving Skills was highly on Anxiety signs of mental health among the
experimental group and Family Economic Condition is not effective on Anxiety signs of mental
health.


Keywords: Problem solving Skills, Anxiety signs of mental health, Family Economic Condition
and student.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University of Iran Kormog
mohammadi_1355@yahoo.com



CORRELATES AND PREDICTORS OF POSITIVE MENTAL HEALTH FOR SCHOOL
GOING CHILDREN

*Kamlesh Singh **Mohita Junnarkar

ABSTRACT

The relationship between positive mental health and well-being was examined in 604 North
Indian high school and secondary high school going children aged 11-18 years. The study
employed various scales such as Mental Health Continuum (Keyes, 2005), Scale of Positive and
Negative Experiences (SPANE) and Flourishing Scale (Diener, Wirtz, Tov, Kim-Prieto, Choi et
al, 2010), World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF, 1996) and
Personal Well-being Index Scale (Cummins & Lau, 2005). Positive mental health was positively
correlated with SPANE P, life satisfaction, personal well-being, flourishing and all four domains
of quality of life (physical health, psychological well-being, social relationships and
environmental health) and negatively correlated with SPANE N. Well-being measures of
flourishing, SPANE P, SPANE-N, all four domains of quality of life (physical health,
psychological well-being, social relationships and environmental health) significantly predicted
childrens positive mental health (49% of variance) and its dimensions like emotional well-being
(41% of variance), social well-being (24% of variance) and psychological well-being (47% of
variance).
About Authors:
*&**Dept. of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi


A MICRO-LEARNING-BASED PEDAGOGICAL EXPERIMENT IN TEACHING OF
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN HOME LANGUAGE AT GRADE FOUR

*Avnet Tania **Lalit Kishore

ABSTRACT

Keeping in view the psychological and pedagogical principle of micro-learning for primary
grades, an experimental intervention for teaching computer science and information technology
was undertaken at grade four in Hindi. The motivation for the pedagogical experiment was the
issue of unsystematic instruction of information technology at the primary level that was raised
by the parents. The thirty-age content of the textbook was converted into small learning episodes
each lasting for a week. The course was converted into daily worksheets and activity sheets in
the formats indicated by the nature of commuter science content and its structure. One week


transaction of the micro-learning material on students (N=30; Age: 9-10 years, Jaipur-based
Hindi-medium private school, lower middle income group) was received significantly favorable
reactions (p0.01; sign test; D.F. =1) from the treatment group of students. The conclusion is that
the microlearning strategy for information technology instruction at the primary school level is
proffered by students as compared to the convention way of book-teaching and book-learning.

Keywords: Activity sheet, child psychology, home language, information technology, pedagogy,
worksheet
About Author:
*Square Links consulting
**Freelancer, E-112, IA Phase-7 Mohali-160055



TELEVISION SERIAL AND AGGRESSION

*Pravin A Baviskar ** N.D.Mundada

ABSTRACT
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of violent t.v.serial on aggression level
among the secondary school going students of Jalgaon city. Buss and Perrys Aggression
Questionnaire was used to measure the aggression level of the adolescent. For this study a
sample of 100 students of age range 14-16 years studying in 9
th
and 10
th
classes were selected
from different school of Jalgaon city.
Introduction-
The effect of violent television serial and programmed on the human behavior,
personality and aggression of the adolescent is the extremely sensitive and anxious subjects.
Various types of destructive thoughts rise in the minds of the adolescent. It is due to the broad
cast of television violent serial which teach immoral things, disastrous things, robbery, fighting
with each -other, kidnapping cases etc. Through serial. The behavior becomes extremely
attacking through such serials, obliviously it reflects in the psychological attitude. It also affects
the aggression, there is no basic communication between parent child relationships and day by
day it is being shattered. This question has disturbed me lot so & have chosen the concerned
topic for my research.
Television Violence- American networks defined television violence as anything that involves
physical harm or a threat of physical harm of any sort, intentional or unintentional, self-inflicted
or inflicted by someone or something else.
Aggression-
Any form of behavior that is intended to harm or injure some person, oneself, or an object.
Key word- Aggression, T.V. Serial, Adolescent.
_____________________________________________________________________________
About Author:
*Research Fellow Dept of Psychology S.S.M.M.College Pachora Dist Jalgaon (MS)
** Ph.D.Guide, Dept of Psychology S.S.M.M.College, Pachora Dist Jalgaon(MS)

PHYSICAL AND VERBAL AGGRESSION DURING CHILDHOOD

*Pooja Shanwal **Sheela Sangwan



ABSTRACT

The present study was taken up to study the physical and verbal aggression of urban and rural
preschool children. Study was conducted in Hisar city for urban study and Block-II of Hisar
district for rural study. From Block-II, Kaimari and Mangali villages were selected as per the
demand of the study. Sixty aggressive children in the age-group of 4-6 years were selected from
various preschools of Hisar city and sixty from the selected villages. Thus a total of 120 children
were the sample size for present study. Mothers of these aggressive children were also the
respondents of this study. Thus 120 children, 60 from urban 60 from rural in the age group of 4-
6 years constituted the sample. A checklist was prepared to observe the major forms of
aggressive behaviour. Percentages were used to describe the results. The result showed that
hundred per cent of boys and girls each in rural and urban areas always used force on others i.e.
push/pull. Hundred percent girls and 97.23 percent urban boys always shouted/screamed at
others. While in rural areas, 100 per cent of boys always used abusive language and hundred per
cent of girls shouted/screamed at others.
Keywords: Childhood aggression, Physical and Verbal aggression
About Author:
* Ph. D. Student, Department of Human Development & Family Studies
** Professor, Department of Human Development & Family Studies COHS, CCSHAU, Hisar-
125004, India


EFFECTIVENESS OF ENVIRONMENT BASED EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
PROGRAM ON REUSE AND RECYCLING BEHAVIOUR FROM PSYCHOLOGICAL
HARDINESSPERSPECTIVE

*Bansal, P.

ABSTRACT
The present study examined the effectiveness of Experiential Learning Strategies on Reuse and
Recycling Behaviour of Secondary School students from Psychological Hardiness perspective.
The sample comprised of 260 (132 males and 128 females) adolescents studying in four
Government Model Senior Secondary Schools of Chandigarh. Psychological Hardiness Scale
by Nowack (1990) was administered and students werecategorized in High psychological
hardiness group and Low psychological hardiness group by using Kelleys Method.The Reuse
and Recycling Behaviour (RRB) Scale containing ten items constructed and validated by
researcher was administered twice as pre-test and post-test measurement instrument to assess
Reuse and Recycling Behaviour changes in Secondary School students. Experimental group
(N=130) was taught by adopting Experiential Learning Strategies and control group
(N=130) was taught by Traditional Teaching Strategies in Environmental Education. A 2x2
factorial design was used to study the main effects and interaction effects of the independent
variables of Teaching strategies and Psychological Hardiness on the dependent variable of Reuse
and Recycling Behaviour. Significant main effects of Experiential Learning Strategies were
revealed on the Reuse and Recycling Behaviour of students at .01 levels. Results also indicated
statistically significant main effect of Psychological Hardiness on Reuse and Recycling


Behaviour at 0.5 level. However no significant interaction was found between instructional
strategies and psychological hardiness on Reuse and recycling Behaviour.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Author:
*Assistant Prof. Govt.College of Education, Sector 20-D, Chandigarh



EMOTION, ATTRIBUTION AND ACTION IN DIFFERENT FORMS OF
RELATIVE DEPRIVATION

*Pramthesh Pandey **Rashmi Kumar


ABSTRACT

Different kinds of emotions experienced and causes attributed by participants in the various
conditions of Relative Deprivation such as Egoistic Relative deprivation, Fraternalistic Relative
Deprivation and Double relative Deprivation was investigated in this study on 53 students in the
age range of 17 to 21 who were selected randomly as the sample. Actions taken after feeling
relatively deprived were also seen. Condition of ERD, FRD and DRD was created
experimentally by the researcher with the help of instruction, allocation of marks and
justifications given to the participants. In order to determine the attributions made and emotions
felt during these condition of RD, Likerts five point scale measuring eight emotions- anger,
sadness, anxiety, jealousy, discontent, shame, proud and happiness and seven attributions
ability, performance, task difficulty, source, luck, chance and sex discrimination was used. In the
results it was found that Anger, sadness, discontent and shame was more prominent in DRD in
comparison to other two forms of RD and proud and happiness was more in FRD. Participants
considered ability and performance responsible for their deprivation more in the case of FRD and
sex discrimination was attributed more in the condition of DRD. Individual Protest was the
significant action taken by the participants and it was more prominent in DRD in comparison to
other forms.
Key Words: Relative Deprivation, Attribution, Emotion, Action, Forms of Deprivation.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad.
**Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad.
Emial: ppramthesh@gmail.com


HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF HIV / AIDS CASES AND THEIR
CAREGIVERS

*Ravindra Kumar Prajapati **Radhey Shyam ***Sonia Dangi

ABSTRACT

Present study was intended to assess and compare the health and quality of life of HIV (positive
and negative cases) and AIDS cases and their caregivers. A sample of 300 participants was


selected on the bases of non-random purposive sampling bases from ICTCs of Delhi and
Haryana (India). Sample was divided into 6 different groups with 50 participants in each group
i.e. 50 HIV positive, 50 HIV negative,50 AIDS cases and their respective caregivers. Again in
each group out of the 50, 25 were male and 25 were females.PGI Health questionnaire N1 and
WHO Quality of life-BRIEF was used to measure health and quality of life. Data were analyzed
by using mean, SD and ANOVA. Results revealed that the HIV negative cases and their
caregivers had better health and quality of life than the HIV positive and AIDS cases and their
respective caregivers. Findings are discussed in the light of their implications for the HIV/AIDS
cases and their families and health professionals.
Key words: HIV, AIDS, Health, Quality of life.
About Author:
* Assistant Professor, Psychology, Fiji National University, Natabua, Campus, Lautoka, Fiji
** Professor,Department of Psychology, M.D.University, Rohtak(INDIA)
*** Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, M.D.University, Rohtak(INDIA)



SELF-ESTEEM OF WOMEN IN INDIA

*Rekha Singh


ABSTRACT

A womans self-esteem, defined as a realistic respect for or favorable impression of oneself,
can have a profound impact on her overall life choices and outlook. Low Self-esteem is
associated with numerous consequences such as eating disorders, alcohol abuse, sexual
promiscuity, and social withdrawal. This study investigated the self-esteem level of college-aged
women as compared to that of women at midlife and also identified the external factors that
impacted this perception of self-esteem. A qualitative and quantitative study was distributed to
29 college-aged women and 22 middle-aged women who were asked to reflect on their current
self-esteem levels. The women at midlife were also asked to discuss their perceived self-esteem
when they were college-aged. Result found that college aged women reported inconsistent levels
of self-esteem, many reporting that it depended on numerous external factors such as
relationships, academic success, family situations, appearance, and the media. Almost
universally, the women at midlife reported that many of these same factors also influenced their
self-esteem, but that they have become much more self-confident with maturity and age.
However, few women at midlife reported feeling more self-esteem during their college years.
School and medical social workers need to be aware of the emotional and physical consequences
associated with low or unstable self-esteem in college-aged women in counseling and health
agencies.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Author:
*Rekha singh, Research Scholar, Gorakhpur University.






UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL INTERACTION- PATTERNS OF CHILDREN WITH
AUTISM

Singh, R.Thapa, K.

ABSTRACT

Objective: The objective of the present study was to find out the patterns of social interaction in
children with autism. Children with autism have shown deficits in many social skills that are
crucial for early social development.
Methods: To fulfill the objective an observational study had been conducted with ten children
with autism. Thematic analysis of the content of obtained data was carried out. Results: The
analysis revealed three things: First, children with autism experience profound difficulties in
relating with others. Second, social interaction for many children with autism is not the preferred
activity. Rather it appears that isolated play is the more likely behaviour in free play activities.
And finally; it is found in the present study that the children with autism points to communicate
their needs.
Conclusion: Findings suggest that, there are deficits in their ability to understand and respond to
social information. Furthermore, the odd social behaviour of children with autism suggests
significant problems in social sensitivity, which leads to difficulties in understanding others
mind (Theory of mind TOM).

Key words: childhood autism, social interaction, thematic analysis.
About Author:
*Research Scholar and **Professor Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, U.P.,
India



ELDERLY ABUSE AND NEGLECT: THE CHALLENGES AHEAD

*Rumeena Surjit Singh

ABSTRACT

There are 77 million older persons in India today, and the number is expected to grow to177
million in another 25 years. As the number and percentage of individuals 65 and over has
increased in this country, so has the incidence of elder abuse. According to the Helpage India
report on elderly abuse, 2012,
31% of older persons reported facing abuse. More than half of those abused were facing it for mo
re than 4 years and all these were facing multiple forms of abuse. 24% older people faced abuse
almost daily. Unfortunately, the prevalence and nature of this growing problem has generally
remained hidden from public view. In the light of these facts, it is imperative that both
professionals and lay persons become more aware of the scope and many issues surrounding this
sensitive topic. Taking this scenario into consideration the present paper attempts to highlight
and discuss the various types of abuse the elderly are being victimized to. Furthermore, the paper
also provides certain recommendations and preventive strategies to curb the same.


Key Words: Elderly Abuse, Neglect, Challenges
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, Dept. of Psychology, P.G.G.C.G, Sector- 42, Chandigarh.



SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENT AMONG SPORTS AND NON SPORTS STUDENTS

*Shumaila Nasir **Iram Feroz

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To compare sport and non sport students on spiritual intelligent.
Background: In todays highly competitive world many subjects that are contrary to each other
are continuously spoken over as if they are in competition such as; wealth-poverty, peace-war,
love-hate, materialism-spiritualismetc. This list is endless but one, especially one term plays a
single leading role, and that is spiritualism. Since many people have lost or gave up their unique
personal characteristics in favor to gain success, power or control in uniformed individualistic
cultures, many on the other hand are trying hard to achieve self full filling, happy lives. The hard
working ones are trying to obtain inner peace by focusing on their spiritual intelligences and
trying to find ways to improve them.
Methods: The present study comprised of 100 sport students and 100 non sport students selected
randomly from Aligarh Muslim University. To measure spiritual intelligent among both groups
of students, spiritual intelligence Self Report Inventory (SISRI) developed by D. King (2008)
was used. It has 24 items that are categorized into 4 different dimensions: Critical Existential
Thinking (CET), Personal Meaning Production (PMP), Transcendental Awareness (TA) and
Conscious State Expansion (CSE). It is a Likert type 5 points scale with response categories
ranging from not at all true of me, not very true of me, somewhat true of me, very true of me,
completely true of me.
Data Analysis: The data obtained from all two groups of students were statistically analyzed by
means of analysis of variance. Keeping in view the comparison of two groups of students on four
dimensions of Spiritual intelligent self report inventory.
Results: It was evident from given table that both sport and non sport students differ significantly
from each other on spiritual intelligence self report inventory. The higher mean score of sport
students showed that they were more spiritually intelligent.
Discussion: The higher mean score of sport students showed that they were more spiritually
intelligent as compared to non sport students.
Conclusion: From above discussion it can be concluded that there were significant meaningful
differences among sport and non sport students. It means those students who were more spiritual
intelligent they were good in sport because they were more dynamic and had all rounder
personality as compared to non sport students because they did not had interest in sport.
Keywords: Spirituality, intelligence, sport and students.
About Author:
*
&
**Research scholars, Department of philosophy and Department of psychology
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh Emial: iramferoz786@gmail.com





MORAL DISCOURSE PROMOTED IN ELEMENTARY CLASSROOM THROUGH
SOCIAL SCIENCE TEXTBOOKS

*Shweta Sharma

ABSTRACT

In everyday life, we engage ourselves in deciding whether our particular action was morally
acceptable or not. We care about peoples action, about what they do, how they behave with
others or in presence of others. But the question is how we decide if an action is correct, morally
justifiable or not. Does somebody tells us or do we develop these markers ourselves? Moreover,
what are the values which have been considered as moral values and appropriate for us to
inculcate. Questions regarding moral development have been dealt by various intellectual
viewpoints cognitive approach (Piaget), cognitive-developmental approach (Kohlberg), and
Vygotskian approach to development. According to Piaget and Kohlberg approaches, underlying
assumption of reality of moral rules and hence moral judgments have been kept as a
phenomenon that occurs out of socio-political- cultural context devoid of any cultural historical
process affecting it. Nevertheless, Vygotsky theory of development argue that like all other
domains of development, moral judgments also not only develop in socio-cultural context rather
are mediated by one of most powerful cultural tool i.e. language. Since school is one of the major
institutions of socialization, it is important to critically look at the textbooks and the discourse
presented at school. Thus, the present paper will, firstly, look at values that Post NCF 2005
social science textbooks attempts to inculcate in students of elementary school education,
secondly, the paper will attempt to analyze discourse presented in the textbooks (using Discourse
analysis) so as to inculcate these values in students.
About Author:
*Research scholar, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi Email: shweta0608@gmail.com



DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, WELL-BEING AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG
PATIENTS WITH STROKE WITH HEMIPLEGIA

*Simran Bedi **T.B. Singh

ABSTRACT

The present study is an exploratory research which aims to assess the Depression, Anxiety, Well-
Being and Quality of Life in Stroke patients with Hemiplegia. The sample consisted of 30 stroke
patients collected from the Neurology Department. Beck Depression inventory (BDI) , Beck
Anxiety inventory (BAI), Subjective well-being questionnaire and WHO-QOL questionnaire
were administered on the sample. Hindi standardized translated scales were administered to the
sample. Frequency, percentages and correlation coefficient were the statistical tools used for
analyzing the obtained data. Majority of the participants were suffering from Moderate
Depression and Anxiety. Participants were found to have low QOL in psychological domain
and average QOL in physical, environment domain, but high QOL in Social domain.


Participants scored low on Confidence in coping factor of Subjective well-being scale and high
score on perceived ill-health. Correlation coefficient shows positive correlation between
Depression and Anxiety. There was positive correlation between various domains of QOL
Physical, psychological, social and environment domain. Negative correlation was found
between Depression and domains of QOL, also negative correlation was found between Anxiety
and QOL domains. Findings show that QOL has inverse relationship with Depression and
Anxiety. However subjective well-being was found to have no significant correlation with
Depression, Anxiety and Quality of life.
Keywords: Stroke, Hemiplegia, Depression, Anxiety, Quality of life, Well-being
About Author:
* Clinical Psychologist, Maisna Hospital, Mumbai
** Professor, Institute of Behavioral Science, Gujrat Forensic University, Gandhinagar



IMPACT OF MINDFULNESS MEDITATION ON ENHANCING THE MENTAL
HEALTH OF ELDERLY

*Sreehari Ravindranath **Joseph Thomas

ABSTRACT

Mental health status is influenced by a wide range of risk and protective factors at different
stages of the lifespan, including biological, psychological, family and social factors (Jan-Llopis
and Gabilondo 2008). Hence there is a need for effective interventions for promotion of mental
health and the prevention of depression especially among the older adults. The purpose of the
study was to examine the effects of Mindfulness Meditation on mental health among older
adults. Mindfulness meditation is one of the two traditionally identified forms of meditative
practice; along with concentrative meditation (Goleman, 1988). Mindfulness meditation involves
the cultivation of moment-to-moment, nonjudgmental awareness of one's present experience,
whether narrowly or more broadly focused. The goal of these practices is to cultivate a stable and
non reactive awareness of one's internal (e.g., cognitive-affective-sensory) and external (social-
environmental) experiences. The purpose of the study is to understand the effect of Mindfulness
Meditation on enhancing the mental health of older adults. In this study Mindfulness Meditation
was conducted of 30 days for 25-45 min per day. A total of 32 older adults participated in the
programe. Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38) which measures Anxiety, Depression, Loss of
Behavioral / Emotional Control, General Positive Affect, Emotional Ties and Life Satisfaction
and Quality of Life assessment tool developed by WHO were utilized for the assessing the
mental health before and after the Mindfulness Meditation. The result of the training indicates a
positive effect on Mindfulness Meditation for enhancing the mental health of elderly.

Key words: Mindfulness Meditation, Elderly, Mental health
About Author:
*&**Consultant Life Skills Trainers from Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development,
Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu. Sreehari Ravindranath holds a diploma in Yoga also.
Email: harijyothis@gmail.com





DIFFERENCES IN ATTITUDE TOWARDS FAMILY RELATIONS, GENDER
EQUALITY, FREE CHOICE OF MATE, CULTURAL CONFORMITY, SOCIAL
ATTITUDE AND PERCEPTION OF HONOR IN HARYANA


*Suman Balhara **Nov Rattan Sharma ***Amrita Yadav

ABSTRACT

Introduction: From time to time our society is threatened by social evils such as sati system,
dowry system, female feticide and one of the most recent is honor killings (Watto, S.A. 2009).
Alarming rate of honor killings is a threat to our progressive society. In the present study, an
attempt is made to find out the leading factors contributing towards such killings. This study is
directed towards finding the attitude of people towards perception of honor, gender equality,
family relations, social attitude and cultural conformity in Haryana.
Method: Sample taken in the study includes a total number of 200 people of age group 20-35
years old. 100 individuals (50 males, 50 females) each from rural and urban areas in Haryana are
selected randomly. In this study two standardized tools, social conformity scale scale by Dhapola
and Singh and cultural determination scale by Dr. Narendra Singh Chauhan and one survey
questionnaire developed and used in the research covered the questions in following areas:
Family Relations, Gender Equality, Free Choice of Mate, Cultural Conformity and Social
Attitude.
Result discussion: The results show that there is significant difference in opinion in rural and
urban society towards perception of honor, gender equality, family relations, social attitude and
cultural conformity although male-female difference also exist but not as significant as rural-
urban.
About Authors:
Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak




SPIRITUALITY: THE ULTIMATE SOLUTION OF HUMAN ANXIETY

*
Surinder Kaur
**
Navdeep Kaur

ABSTRACT

Anxiety can cause people to give up on many of their beliefs. It can cause people to feel like
nothing is holding them up, and nothing is going right for them. It can cause them to question
religion, give up on spiritual practices, and more. Whether you believe in God or being one with
the universe, no one can deny that the world is filled with things that can help you recover from
your stresses and your anxieties. One of the things to understand when we're talking about
spirituality is that most spirituality involves contentment with you. It's hard to pray to God, or
feel spiritual when that belief isn't there, and unfortunately anxiety is the types of issue that can


make people feel as though there is nothing and no one looking out for them. It can make it
harder to take control of one's life. So in that respect, obtaining spiritual growth can be difficult
and even if you want to put all of your faith in God you still do need to learn to love yourself.
Spiritual growth also tends to involve strategies that slow your life down, the ability to talk to
others and spend time with others, and the rebuilding of trust. It may even give you someone or
something to pray to or for that you can believe that better things are coming. Staying connected
to your inner spirit and the lives of those around you can enhance your quality of life, both
mentally and physically. Your personal concept of spirituality may change with your age and life
experiences, but it always forms the basis of your well-being, helps you cope with stressors large
and small, and affirms your purpose in life.
About Author:
*&**Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak.Email: sgd23n@yahoo.com


INTEGRATED SCIENCE OF CONSCIOUSNESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF
DEPRESSION: HEALING CHAKRA ENERGY LEVEL

*Ashima Srivastava **Tanuja Shrivastava

ABSTRACT

Consciousness is the seed of all creation and is a multifaceted puzzle. Consciousness involves
thought, sensation, perceptions, moods, emotions, dreams and an awareness of self. Self
consciousness is associated with the mind and higher consciousness experience is beyond the
realms of mind and can only be experienced by the spirit. The third eye (pineal gland) is a portal
though which consciousness can be expanded though focussed attention or meditation.
Consciousness at every step involves increase of knowledge, intelligence, power, perception and
wisdom. In everyday consciousness, the attention current is out worldly disposed, though
meditation. Consciousness is beyond body, mind and experiences and is mystical. The normal
constant flow of energy among the body mind and spirit is disrupted due to any genetic
biochemical, environmental, psychosocial or economic factors which may result of symptoms of
moods disorder. The present study is a model of bio psychosocial view for the treatment of
depression patient research and practice that include the emotional pain of the patients. Healing
technique was used as a therapy for six month of intervention. The modern research shows that
the quality of consciousness depends on the quality of the brain. All mind power comes from the
brain that is developed to its highest potential. The human body has seven chakras are
dimentional portals within the subtle bodies which take in a process energy of a higher
vibrational nature so that it may be properly assimilated and use to transform the physical body.
Each chakra has 'seed sound', these seed sounds are the symbolic representations of the energy
pattern of each chakra and hold its essence. In the end of the study, psychological discussion of
healing technique with pre and post design were used and found that high scored depression
patient were relaxed and having peace or calm state of mind and after six month of intervention
plan , patients lived normal life with positive result.
About Author:
Email: tanujashrivastava23@gmail.com






THE ROLE OF TRAIT EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND GENDER ON THE
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND DEVIANT BEHAVIOUR OF ADOLESCENTS

*Tanvi Arora**Anuradha Sharma

ABSTRACT

The research paper examines the role of trait emotional intelligence and gender on the academic
performance and deviant behaviour of adolescents. Trait Emotional Intelligence provides a very
comprehensive coverage of emotion related personality facets, and we focus on traits, namely
the individual differences in the tendency to behave, think and feel in certain consistent ways.

To study the impact of trait emotional intelligence on academic performance of adolescents
through Grade Point Average (GPA) records.
To measure the relationship between trait emotional intelligence and deviant behaviour of
adolescents.To compare the differences in trait emotional intelligence and deviant behaviour in
boys and girls.
To examine the role of trait emotional intelligence and gender on academic performance and
deviant behaviour of adolescents Based on Trait Emotional intelligence ( Trait EI) theory and
the foregoing review, the following hypotheses were formed:
There will be a significant influence of trait emotional intelligence on academic
performance of adolescents (boys and girls).
Trait emotional intelligence will have significant influence on deviant behaviour and
interpersonal relationships of adolescents.
The present research focuses on "Examining the role of Trait Emotional Intelligence and Gender
on Academic Performance and Deviant Behaviour of Adolescents." For this, a sample of 60
adolescents (30 males and 30 females) aged between16 and 17 years were taken. The
independent variables were Trait Emotional Intelligence and Gender while the dependent
variables were Deviant Behaviour and Academic Performance. The psychological tools used
were Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire - Adolescent Short Form (TEIQue-ASF)
developed by Dr.K.V. Petrides and A.Furnham in 2001 and Strengths and Difficulties
Questionnaire developed by Dr. Robert Goodman in the year 2005. For the analysis of the data in
the present research, the statistical analysis was done with the help to T-test and Correlation.
The results of the present research according to the scoring and the analysis of the results
indicate that the levels of trait emotional intelligence between males and females are very
statistically insignificant (t= 0.84). This means that both males and females have high levels of
trait emotional intelligence levels .This is probably due to the effective adjustment and coping
abilities to the exposure that they are getting in school. Both males and females are being
exposed to new elements of the globalisation and this has increased their emotional self-efficacy
and ability to identify and accumulate emotional adjustment in their personality. The difference
between trait emotional intelligence and deviant behaviour in males and females has also come
out to be very significant
This study was conducted so that results would yield a better picture of emotional intelligence as
it is lived in the real world. Because males and females had different scores in trait emotional
intelligence, academic performance and deviant behaviour, the statistical analysis (i.e t-test and


correlation) was examined separately for each gender. The findings suggested that high levels of
trait emotional intelligence may protect males and females form engaging in potentially harmful
behaviours such as social deviancy and conduct disorders that may lead to emotional
maladjustments.

Keywords: Deviant Behaviour, Gender, Hyperactivity, School Achievement, Trait Emotional
Intelligence.
About author:
*&**Amity Institute of Psychology & Allied Sciences,Amity University UP,Noida.
Email: tanviarora94@outlook.com



ROLE OF COUNSELOR IN SUSTAINING ECO - FRIENDLY
BEHAVIOR

*Urfain Habib **Shamim A. Ansari

ABSTRACT

Environment holds a pivotal position in our lives. The quality of our life
depends a great deal on the quality of our surrounding environment. The
Environmental issue has always remained an intriguing topic,
stimulating lot of research work. The Nature and Nurture Controversy
has remained the hot topic in psychological books, which is yet to be
solved. The aim of this paper would be to shed light on some
behavioral aspects of individuals that are causing a great harm to our
surrounding Environment. At the same time the role of a Counselor in
motivating the people for the above purpose would be highlighted. The
Counselor in doing so has a wide varied field ahead, as he/she has to
deal with the people from all walks of life. This paper has highlighted
the role of Counselor particularly at three most important levels such as
working with the Children at School, working with households (women)
and working with the Employees at the Industrial level.
About Author:
*&**Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, AMU, Aligarh






IMPACT OF A MINDFULNESS-BASED STRESS REDUCTION PROGRAM ON
STRESS AND WELL-BEING IN ADOLESCENTS: A STUDY AT A SCHOOL SETTING

*Urvashi Anand **Mahendra P. Sharma

ABSTRACT

A growing number of research studies suggest that mindfulness-based interventions are effective
for a wide range of mental and physical health problems in adults. However, little is known
about the effects of such interventions for adolescents. This study examined the feasibility,
acceptability, and usefulness of Mindfulness - Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program in
reducing stress and enhancing well-being in adolescents in an Indian school setting. Thirty three
adolescents aged 14-15 years participated in the intervention. A within- subject design was used
wherein each participant acted as his or her own control. The program comprised of eight weekly
sessions conducted within the school hours for duration of approximately 40 minutes. Tools used
were the School Situation Survey and the Personal Well-being Index for School Children. Pre,
post and 3 month follow-up assessments were conducted. Results of the present study provide
evidence for the effectiveness of the MBSR program in significantly reducing physiological and
emotional manifestations of stress, academic stress, stress due to peer interactions, and
enhancing academic self-concept and well-being. Regular practice was instrumental in
cultivating mindfulness. Positive feedback from the participants suggests that the intervention is
feasible and acceptable.

Keywords:stress; mindfulness-based stress reduction; mindfulness; meditation; adolescents;
well-being; school; school mental health
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Centre for Human Ecology (Psychology), Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS),
Mumbai, & Ph.D. Scholar, Behaviour Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical Psychology, National
Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India 560 029
** Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology & Head, Behavior Medicine Unit, National Institute of
Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore





PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AND QUALITY OF LIFE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
OF PRE, PERI AND POST MENOPAUSAL WOMEN

Aakriti Sharma** Rachna Devi* Chandra Shekhar***

ABSTRACT

Menopause comes as a transforming period which may cause psychological distress and affects
overall quality of life (QOL) of a woman. The present research focuses on the comparison of
QOL and psychological distress among pre, peri and post menopausal women. The sample for
the study consisted of 100 women, including 35 pre- menopausal women (age 30-40 yrs), 35


peri- menopausal women (age 40-50 yrs), 30 post menopausal women (age 45 yrs & above). The
sample was drawn using purposive sampling method. Depression, Anxiety and Stress scale by
Lovibond & Lovibond (1995) and the WHOQOL-BREF by WHO (1996) were used for
assessment. Mean, S.D, ANOVA and Correlation were used for analysis. Significant differences
were found among pre, peri and post menopausal women on anxiety and psychological and
environmental QOL. Significant correlation was found between stress, anxiety, depression and
Quality of life domains (QOL). This study demonstrates the need for intervention strategies for
this population.

Key Words: Menopause, Psychological distress, QOL.
About Authors:
**P.G. Student **Senior Research fellow ***Asst. Professor, P. G. Department of Psychology,
University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi, J&K. Email: aakritisharesit@gmail.com



A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MALE AND FEMALE COLLEGE
UNDERGRADUATES ON DIFFICULTIES IN EMOTIONAL REGULATION,
LONELINESS AND SELF-ESTEEM

*Aditi Pangotra **Rachna Devi *** Chandra Shekhar

ABSTRACT

Adolescence is a sensitive phase characterized by critical physical and psychological changes.
The present study was designed to assess self-esteem, loneliness and difficulties in emotional
regulation among male and female college going adolescents. The sample consisted of 150
college undergraduates in the age range of 17-21 years divided into 75 males and 75 females
from different colleges in Jammu. Purposive sampling was used to draw the sample. Difficulties
in Emotional Regulation scale (DERS, Gratz & Roemer 2004), Rosenbergs Self-esteem scale
(1965) and UCLA Loneliness Scale (Russell, Peplau, & Cutrona, 1980) were the tools used for
assessment. Mean, SD, t-test and correlation were used to analyze the data. Results of the
present study demonstrate significant difference between the two groups on difficulties in
emotional regulation (impulse and aware) and self esteem. Significant correlation was found
between difficulties in emotional regulation, loneliness and self- esteem. These results have
important implications to encourage potential interventions for enhancing emotional
development and self esteem in adolescents.

Key Words: Adolescence, Emotional regulation, Self-esteem, Loneliness.
About Authors:
**P.G. Student *Senior Research fellow ***Asst. Professor , P. G. Department of Psychology, University
of Jammu, Jammu Tawi, J&K Email:aditi170689@gmail.com



CONTROLLING PSYCHOSOMATIC DISORDERS THROUGH YOGA AND
MEDITATION



*Aditi Sharma

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the study was to control psychosomatic disorders through yoga and meditation.
The sample of the study comprised of 45 male and female indoor patients from the naturopathy
centre of Bapu Nagar and Shastri Nagar, Jaipur ranging between 35-50 years. Multidimensional
Health Questionnaire (MHQ) which was developed by William E. Snell and Georgette Johnson
(2004) measuring physical and mental health of adults was employed. The scale is usually used
to identify the psychopathological symptoms. It consists of 20 sub scales and 100 items. The
results revealed that practising yoga and meditation has proved to be beneficial. Regular practice
of yoga and meditation up to 3 months has decreased the psychosomatic symptoms to a great
level in the subjects. Practicing yoga and meditation regularly for 3 months have reduced the
quantity of medicinal intake of these subjects.

Keywords- Psychosomatic disorders
About Author:
*Student, The IIS University, Jaipur (Rajasthan) Email: aditi.sharma306@gmail.com



ORGANIZATIONAL INTELLIGENCE: AN EXPLORATION

Akriti Srivastava*

ABSTRACT

The term "intelligence", whose use was originally limited to considering ability differences in
human beings, has evolved over the years to include a broader spectrum of applications and here
in this study is extended further to cover its analog in organizations. The research into human
intelligence has enabled other industries to implement human-like control procedures in fields
such as automation and decision-making, resulting in innovations that are now part of our
everyday lives such as artificial intelligence, machine intelligence, business intelligence and
organizational intelligence. Organizational intelligence (OI) is a critical capability of
organizations (Leidner and Elam, 1995; Glynn, 1996; Akgn et al., 2003). As the concept of OI
originated from nave analogy with the individual intelligence. This concept was first introduced
by Wilensky (1967). He defined it as, The problem of gathering, processing, interpreting, and
communicating the technical and political information needed in the decision-making process.
The objective of this study is to understand the concept of organizational intelligence and how it
evolved over the years. This exploration will tell whether the intelligent people working together
in an organization make the organization intelligent or not. With this, the existing models of
organizational intelligence will be understood and their relevance will be scrutinized. All in all,
this paper will examine the relevance of organizational intelligence in present scenario and will
present how it has been dealt till now with future implications.

Keyword: Organizational Intelligence


About Author:



CHARACTER EDUCATION: THE NEED OF AN HOUR

*Alka Seth

ABSTRACT

It is undeniable that globalization brings about positive and negative impacts. Children and youth
today do not live in a kid-friendly world for they face more serious problems such as drug abuse,
teenage pregnancy, juvenile delinquency, or youth violence. The invention of television, radio,
Internet, and mobile phones may bring about negative effects to young generation in the form of
moral decadence unless they are educated in such a way that they can filter whatever information
coming to them. Simply to put, globalization, to some degree, can cause weak character among
young generation, and it leads people to hedonism. Character is the composite of those
psychological characteristics that impact the childs capacity and tendency to be an effective
moral agent, i.e. to be socially and personally responsible, ethical, and self-managed. The present
study is an attempt to impart Character Education, which is the need of an hour through different
counselling activities. The total sample comprised of 52 students, in the age group of 14 -16
years. The character domain resting on six pillars of Trustworthiness, Respect, Care, Fairness,
Responsibility and Citizenship were envisaged. Through class talks, group discussions, brain-
storming sessions, and workshops, students were made to think what should be the right choices
to grow morally in life while achieving their personal and academic goals.
After counselling activities, the students were able to recognize the character quotient in their life
and how importantly a good character can edifice them into a successful and accomplished
human being.
About Author:
*DCGC Student (NCERT, DELHI), NLP Practitioner, E-mail: alka.bhalla05@gmail.com



MENTAL FITNESS: A GOOD HEALTH

*Amritpal Kaur Bhati

ABSTRACT
Man is the most adaptive creature on the planet because of the evolution of the human brain,
especially the part called the neo-cortex. This adaptability is largely due to the changes and
stressors that we have faced and mastered. Therefore, we, unlike other animals, can live in any
climate or ecosystem, at various altitudes, and avoid the danger of predators. Moreover, most
recently, we have learned to live in the air, under the sea, and even in space, where no living
creatures that we know of have ever survived especially children. So then, what is so bad about
stress? And how we can develop mental fitness in children?
Stress is simply a fact of nature -- forces from the inside or outside world affecting the
individual. The individual responds to stress in ways that affect the individual as well as their


environment. Because of the overabundance of stress in our modern lives, we usually think of
stress as a negative experience, but from a biological point of view, stress can be a neutral,
negative, or positive experience. The teacher and parents can developed mental fitness in
childrens life with used the Stress Management Strategies. . Democratic & conductive class
room environment must be needed for the stress reduction. Stress is part of life and will always
be around. The keys to dealing with stress are appropriate control of stressors and management
of our physical (physiological) and mental (psychological) responses. The Four As: Avoid the
stressor, Alter the stressor, Adapt to the stressor and Accept the stressors can change our
situation and our reaction.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014,




EFFECTS OF ASHTANGA YOGA ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND STRESS-
RELATED PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

*Anita Patel Jacksan Judan Fernandes

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the research was to evaluate the physiological and stress-related
psychological effects of three months of twice weekly ashtanga yoga training. The
hypothesis was that three months of twice weekly ashtanga yoga practice would have
positive effects on: blood pressure, upper body muscular endurance, trunk muscular
endurance, flexibility, and perceived stress, as supported by previous research. The
participants included college-age, untrained females who composed the yoga
group, and five moderately active college-age females who composed the control group.
Participants in the yoga group engaged in 60-90 minutes of ashtanga yoga, two times
weekly, over a three month period, while the control group engaged in more traditional
physical activity. Statistical analysis revealed some significant effects of ashtanga yoga
practice. The yoga group participants were shown to have increased upper body
muscular endurance and increased trunk flexibility. There was additional evidence
supporting positive effects on cardiovascular fitness, perceived stress, and mental health.
It was concluded that twice weekly ashtanga yoga training, for a period of three months,
provides a sufficient stimulus to improve all three components of physical fitness in
untrained females, while additionally yielding improvements in stress-related
psychological health.
About Authors:
*Associate Professor at Arts, Commerce and Science College, Bethak Road, KHAMBHAT-388620.




ABANDONMENT AND DISPOSSSESSION OF SENIOR CITIZENS IN AGRA WITH
SPECIAL REFERENCE TO RAM LAL OLD AGE HOME, AGRA



*Anshika Pandey

ABSTRACT

In India, old people were considered as a social treasure as greying of hair was a sign of
experience and knowledge. But today the society is changing and the influence of westernization
and materialism change the attitude of the society towards the senior citizens. The Maintenance
and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007 enacted by the Government of India
defines asenior citizen as a person who has attained the age of sixty years or above.
In both the west and east, the senior citizens are at risk of abandonment. Abandonment means to
withdraw one's support or help from, especially in spite of duty, allegiance, or responsibility. In
modern societies, seniors are abandoned for financial and social reasons. Dispossession means
deprivation or exclusion from rightful possession of property. Senior citizens are dispossessed
from their own property or assets by their children or their caretaker through unfair means. This
research paper will focus on the causes of abandonment and dispossession of senior citizens,
problems faced by senior citizens before and after their abandonment and dispossession and the
support given by Ram Lal Old Age home to the senior citizens.
About Author:
Email:anshikapandey89@gmail.com

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WELL-BEING AND ANXIETY BETWEEN YOGA
PRACTISING GROUP AND NON YOGA PRACTISING GROUP

*Jangra, Arun Kumar

ABSTRACT

In the modern era anxiety, stress, depression, diabetes, cardiac diseases and others psychological
and physical illness are increasing rapidly due to unhealthy life style, unemployment, pollution,
over population and other psychosocial causes . Researchers have reported that yoga and
meditation are more useful in reducing such psychological and physical problems and maintain a
persons psychological and physical health. In this context the present study was conducted to
measure the level of well-being and anxiety among people who do practise yoga (yoga group)
and those who dont practise yoga (non yoga group).A total of 100 participants belonging to age
ranging from 30 to 50 years of both sexes (male and female) were selected, in which 50
participants were taken from Pitanaji Yog Avam Chikitsha Kendra, Bhiwani, who had been
practising Yoga for the last 3 months or more and 50 were selected randomly from general
population of Bhiwani city, Haryana. The obtained data were analysed by computing mean, SD.
and t-test through SPSS software. Results indicated that participants of yoga group were
significantly higher on well-being measure as compared to participants of non yoga group. It was
also observed that participants of yoga group were found to be significantly less anxious in
comparison to participants of non yoga group.

Key words: well-being, anxiety, yoga, non yoga, participants,
About Authors:
*Research scholar, university of rajasthan jaipur, rajasthan.





TO STUDY ANXIETY AND MENTAL HEALTH OF PROFESSIONAL, NON-
PROFESSIONAL STUDENTS

*Balaji D. Raut **N.D.Mundada

ABSTRACT

The present study was conducted to investigate the anxiety and mental health of professional
and non-professional students of Jalgaon city. R.L. Bharadwaj, H. Sharma and M. Bhargava
Comprehensive Anxiety Test was use to measure the anxiety level Pramod Kumar Mental Health
Check-List was use to measure the mental health categories of college students. For this study of
a sample of 120 students of age range 18-22 years studying in F.Y, S.Y Graduations were
selected from different college of Jalgaon City.
The present study deals with the anxiety and mental health of the students persuading
professional and non-professional degree. Such research is of great importance in todays
stressful world. The population explosion has lead to the unemployment problem. Similarly the
cut-throat competition in every field has enclosed the stress level of students. In additional to this
the expectation of the parents has also incused. This entire problem had lead to increase number
of suicides. It has been found that most of parents of to force for the courses of his choices, while
doing so they neglect the interest, ability and potentialities of their own children. As a result such
student unable to complete their course successfully and may have to fact the failures. The
adjustment problem with friends and family also create stress so the student has the tendency to
become depressed and some can attempt suicides. While some faces behavioral problems.
This enforces to have detail research in this field, further; the researcher feels the need of doing
such research to find the relationship between the anxieties, mental health of the students.
Anxiety: -A feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, typically about an imminent event or
something with an uncertain outcome.
Mental health: - the psychological state of someone who is functioning at a satisfactory level of
emotional and behavioral adjustment.

Key word- Anxiety, Mental Health, Professional and non-professional students
_____________________________________________________________________________
About Authors:
*Dept of Psychology M.J.College, Jalgaon Dist- Jalgaon (MS)
** Dept of Psychology S.S.M.M.College, Pachora Dist Jalgaon (MS)


STATUS OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY IN INDIA: A REVIEW
*Bhagat Singh
ABSTRACT
According to World Health Organization Disability is defined as any restriction or lack of ability
to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being.


Intellectual Disability is one form of disability. Intellectual Disability is divided into four degree
of severity; mild, moderate, severe and profound. The purpose of this study was to review
various studies/ literature available free online regarding status of Intellectual Disability in India.
Presently, most individuals with ID in India have not been formally identified and even among
those who have been identified, the majorities are excluded by the rest of society. As a result,
individuals with ID are not afforded the same opportunities as people without disabilities.
Further, there is clearly a lack of information regarding the number of individuals with ID within
India. Studies showed that in India 1.67% of the 0-19 population has a disability. Some studies
showed that there are 31 million individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) in India.35.29% of
all people living with disabilities, are children. Other estimates say that India has 12 million
children living with disabilities. Only 1% of children with disabilities have access to school and
one third of most disabilities are preventable. In India 80% of children with disabilities will not
survive past age forty. More than 500 million population in the world and around 100 million in
India are debarred from full participation in their families, communities and societies due to their
disabilities. The lack of physical access to facilities, transportation, and information
circumscribes them from enjoying equal opportunities in housing, employment and health care.
Throughout the 1990s, the Indian government developed policies to address the needs of
individuals with ID and to better include them in society. The most significant of these reforms
was the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Protection of Right and Full Participation) Act
(PWDA) of 1995 (No. 1 of 1996) which advanced the equal rights and opportunities of all
individuals with disabilities. More specifically, individuals with ID were guaranteed free
education, special job allotments, and various other resources to assure their inclusion within
society. Cognitivebehavioural therapy has the strongest evidence base in the general population
and is being increasingly used in the intellectual disability population. Thus, this is likely to be
an important psychological intervention for the person with Intellectual Disability.
Author Address:
*Department of Psychology, Shri Varshney College, Aligarh (UP)-202001



COGNITIVE REHABILITATION FOR ENHANCING COGNITIVE DEFICIT IN
ACQUIRED BRAIN INJURY

*Bhawna **Tushar Singh

ABSTRACT

The present paper reflects on the status of Cognitive Rehabilitation in India for rehabilitation of
patients with Acquired Brain Injury. Acquired brain injury (ABI) characterizes brain damage
caused either by traumatic brain injury (e.g. physical trauma due to accidents, neurosurgery) or
non-traumatic injury (e.g. infections, stroke, brain tumors) resulting in cognitive, physical,
emotional, or behavioral impairments that lead to permanent or temporary changes in
functioning. ABI is an emerging health problem in India which leads to impairments in cognitive


functioning. In the recent past, the use of cognitive rehabilitation techniques has gained greater
attention, all over the world, to treat poor mental function associated with cognitive impairments.
This is a non-invasive method which could aid prevention and treatment of symptoms of ABI. In
general, cognitive intervention comprises training of memory, attention, executive functioning,
visual-spatial ability and processing speed. Most studies about the effectiveness of cognitive
intervention include healthy elderly, persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia.
Research about the effects of cognitive interventions in healthy subjects, and patients with ABI is
scarce. Commonly, cognitive deficits in these patients have been treated pharmacologically, but
recent studies suggest that additional cognitive intervention could provide greater relief of
clinical symptoms than either intervention given alone. Though the use of cognitive
rehabilitation in ABI have been initiated globally, its practice and use in India is still rare. There
is a lack of a systematic research plan to understand and/or to develop a cognitive rehabilitation
program to help ABI patients. Treatment of ABI patients in India is still heavily dependent on
medical treatment and ignores the benefits of psychological treatment. Thus this review
concludes that there is need to practice these techniques with ABI patients to help them regain
their functional independence.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Author
* Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
** Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India




COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CERTAIN PSYCHOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES ON
INDIAN CLASSICAL DANCERS

*Madhu Jain **Chirmi Acharya

ABSTRACT

The present research was carried out to compare the psychological well being, self esteem,
coping strategies and healthiness between Indian classical dancers (n=30) and non dancers
(n=30). the tools used were Ryffs psychological well being scale, Rosenbergs self seteem scale,
coping response inventory- Adult and Leddys healthiness scale.
The results revealed that Indian classical as compared to non dancers fared well on all the
domains. Thus the research also focuses on the significance of dance on human body and mind.

Keywords: Indian classical dancers, non dancers
About Authors:
*Dr Madhu Jain, Assistant Professor-Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan-302004
**Chirmi Acharya, Research Scholar-Department of Psychology, University of Rajasthan-302004-
E.mail-ID: chirmi@gmail.com



ROMANTIC ATTACHMENT AND RELATIONSHIP SATISFACTION: ROLE OF
LOVE



*Shefali Mishra ** Daisy Sharma

ABSTRACT

Attachment style has a pivotal role in individuals life, resulting for variations in the formation
and maintenance of close relationships. . The theory of attachment was first described by British
psychiatrist John Bowlby (1969). Hazan and Shaven (1987) were the first researchers to broaden
Bowlbys work on attachment in analysing romantic attachments in adolescent and adult
romantic relationships. The three romantic attachment styles were determined as secure, avoidant
and anxious/ambivalent. Several researchers have supported that certain attachment styles are
related to relationship satisfaction and love styles which results in healthy or unhealthy
relationship. Considering this, this research is aimed at focusing on close relationships on the
measures of attachment styles, love styles, relationship satisfaction among females. The research
sample included 25 females (18-25 years) who are involved in close intimate heterosexual
relationship. The relationship questionnaire (Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991), Love Attitude
Scale (Hedrick & Hedrick, 1986), Relationship Assessment Scale (Hedrick, 1988) were used as
data collection tool. For quantitative analysis, ANOVA, Regression, Product moment
correlation will be employed. Semi- structured interview will be taken to explore in-depth
information by applying qualitative analysis. The data analysis is in the process which will be
later discussed in conference.
Key Words: -Attachment, Relationship Satisfaction, Love styles, Romantic Relationship
______________________________________________________________________________
About Authors:
*M.A Applied Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia University. E-mail-ID shefali1791mishra@gmail.com
** Assistant Professor, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, Delhi University



AIR POLLUTION: AS A SOCIAL DILEMMA

*Dalel Singh

ABSTRACT

Pollution is an undesirable change in the physical, chemical or biological characteristics of our
air, land and water that may or will harmfully affect human life. Environment Psychology is a
study of the effects of the environment on behaviour. It is also the study of the interrelationship
between behaviour and natural environment. There are various types of pollution such as water,
mental, noise, automobile, pesticide, thermal and air pollution. It is impossible to imagine a
world without air. Air Pollution is a form of bad resource management. It is also a form of
exemplified by overfishing or clear cutting practice in the lumber industry. Individuals or
organizations cleanse their own hands but dirty the commons. Air pollution is an old problem
caused by individual as well as industry that occurs in both rural and urban areas, indoors and
outdoors and affects peoples behaviour as will as their health. It behavioural effects are subtle
but probably include constraining the kinds of activities we engage in, mildly impairing
cognitive processing and increasing interpersonal and psychiatric problems. Efforts directed
against air pollution have been blunted by our tendency to adapt to it and by the high perceived


cost of correcting it. Perception of air pollution is also likely to be affected by factors such as
stress or annoyance.
About Author:
*Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Community Education and Disability Studies, Panjab
University, Chandigarh.



AGGRESSION AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN HISAR DISTRICT OF HARYANA

*Deepika Sharma**Sheela Sangwan

ABSTRACT

The present study Aggression among Adolescents in Hisar District of Haryana was undertaken
with the objective viz (i) to identify the aggressive behavior of adolescents. The data were
collected from the school of Hisar District of Haryana. Forty Four adolescents each in the age
group of 13-15 years were purposively selected for the present study. Standardized scale was
used to collect data on adolescents aggression namely Aggression Scale by Mathur and
Bhatnagar (2012). The collected data were tabulated and processed. The results of the study
indicated that the out of total male respondents only eighteen respondents had a medium
aggression level whereas equal number of female respondents had both medium and high
aggression.
About Author:
*Phd Scholar E.mail-ID: deepika.sharma521@gmail.com
**Professor-Department of HDFS I.C College of Home Science, CCSHAU, Hisar



INFLUENCE OF NATURE OF JOB ON HAPPINESS, GENERAL HEALTH AND
WELL BEING OF WORKING WOMEN

*Dhanalakshmi.D **Niraimathi. K,

ABSTRACT

Fast moving environmental changes demand modifications in lifestyle of every individual.
Changes include participation in work force, long working hours, work life balance. All of these
collectively lower the happiness in them and their family. Researches prove that it has greater
impact on the well being and general health. The present study examined the influence of nature
of job on the happiness, well being and health of women. It also attempted to relate happiness
with well being and health. Expost facto research design was adopted to conduct this study.
Sample included women working in four sectors namely, teaching (n=150), medical (n=125),
financial (n=135) and information technology (n=165) accounting to a total of 575 women. The
samples were selected randomly from the respective fields in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The tools
used for the present study included General Health Questionnaire (GHQ -12) (Goldberg &
Williams, 1988), Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI, Argyle, Martin, & Crossland, 1989) and
Psychological Well-Being (Ryff, 1995). The results of one way ANOVA revealed that


significant difference exists in happiness, well being and health between the women working in
four sectors. Duncans multiple range tests showed that IT and medical professionals were
happier than the teachers and bank officials, which was mainly attributed to their income,
through which they were able to accomplish their needs and wants. But well being and general
health was better among the bank officials compared to the other three groups. Regression
analysis proved that nature of job, years of professional experience, income, age, hours of work,
travelling distance, hours spent with the family, general health and well being contributed to
happiness in them. Implications of the study were discussed.
About Author:
*Asst. Professor, Department of Applied Psychology, Pondicherry University
** APAC, Chennai E-mail-ID: divyalak@gmail.com





EDUCATION AS AN INSTRUMENT OF WELL-BEING

*Arun Kumar

ABSTRACT

Psychological point of view, any type of pain is a form of Stress, every individual want to lead
peaceful and happy life naturally. Man always tied to reduce or remove the causes of pain
through learning and experience, if we provide different experiences of life in different settings
of learning in education. In human these experiences develop power to deal with adverse or
painful conditions of life. Mostly schools are working as marketing institution and centrally
about success in exam. Schools has deviated from there actual goal in eye of Indian psychology.
, They are doing better, getting more and more efficient but this system has lost sight of real
goal( wellbeing). India is the land of Rishi and Muni. Lots of holy books have been written on
this land for the wellbeing of human, i.e. Vedas, Gita, Paninis Ashtang Yoga and Philosophy of
Budha. This paper argued that well-being is that something more and that it can be learned
and should be the central aim of education.
Key Words: Education, Instrument, and Well-being
About Author:
*Associate Professor, Department of Education, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007 (U.P.) India



HUMAN RIGHTS AWARENESS OF TEACHER TRAINEES: A SAMPLE
SURVEY

*Gagndeep Kaur **Parwinderjit Kaur ***Gurmanjit Kaur

ABSTRACT



The present study was undertaken with the purpose of studying Human Rights Awareness of
teacher trainees. This study was conducted on a sample of 200 teacher trainees from different
education colleges of Amritsar district. The findings of the study are: 1). There exists a
significant difference in the level of awareness about Human Rights among teacher trainees
belonging to urban and rural areas. 2) There exists no significant difference in the level of
awareness about Human Rights among teacher trainees of art and science streams. 3) There
exists no significant difference in the level of awareness about Human Rights among teacher
trainees belonging to general and reserved category.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Khalsa college of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar.




EFFECT OF PRANAYAMAS AND MEDITATION ON STRESS AMONG SECONDARY
SCHOOL STUDENTS

*Mandeep Kaur **SurinderPal Kaur Dhillon

ABSTRACT

The study was designed to study the effect of pranayamas and meditation on stress among
secondary school students. For the present investigation only two dimensions of stress were
taken i.e. frustration and conflict. 100 students (50 boys and 50 girls) of X grade from Amritsar
city were randomly selected and divided into two groups i.e. experimental and control group.
Intelligence test was administered to form equivalent groups. The research instrument included
pre-post Abha Rani Bisht Battery of stress. Data collected was used for analysis using statistical
measures. Findings reveal that pranayamas and meditation contributed in significant reduction in
the level of frustration and conflict in the experimental group as compared to the control group.
Keywords: Stress, Pranayamas and Meditation
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar
** Principal, Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar


PTSD AND ITS MANAGMENTS

*Jai singh Yadav ** Samiksha Kaur

ABSTRACT

Posttraumatic stress disorder classified as an anxiety disorder. In which occur severe condition
that may develop after a person is exposed to one or more traumatic events, such as sexual
assault, serious injury or the threat of death
.
The characteristic symptoms are considered Acute if
lasting less than three months, Chronic if persisting three months or more, and With Delayed
Onset if the symptoms first occur after six months or some years later. PTSD is distinct from the
briefer acute stress disorder. co morbid psychiatric diagnoses are present in up to 80% of


patients. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is among both men and women, affecting nearly
50%. Alcohol abuse and conduct disorder (over 40%) are also highly co morbid in men.
About Author
* &**Assistant professor AIIMS New Delhi, Psychologist


RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CULTURE, SCIENCE AND CHILD MENTAL HEALTH

*Samiksha Kaur **Jai Singh Yadav

ABSTRACT

Background- The term "culture", is a keystone in psychiatry, Culture is an abstraction,
reflecting the total way of life of a society. It refers to the shared patterns of beliefs, feeling and
behavior and the basic values and concepts that members of the group carry in their minds as
guides for the conduct. Besides social relationships, economics, religion, philosophy, mythology,
scriptures, technology and other aspects of living contribute to the culture. Culture is constantly
in the process of change and it is transmitted from one generation to the next. All societies have
it though their styles vary from one group to another. This unique capacity of culture to bind the
objective world of perceived reality to the subjective world of the personal and intimate, lends it,
its powerful role as expresser, mediator, and moderator of psychological processes and,
ultimately, emotional disorders.
Aim- Define the culture and its positive role in child mental health
Methodology- We asses the Hindu methodology relation with science, culture and clinical
Psychiatry. For this purpose 250 subjects were taken for the study they have diagnosed stress,
depression, and anxiety disorders and ADHD. On the bases of demographic presentation result
was done. We found Arty, is sing of coordination (skill development) and concentration. In the
same way Bajan improved the concentration and attention forgets grief/ stressful events. Stories
give the help of moral development and self analysis and changes of guilt felling and self
confidence. Prayer/ faith of God/Geodes save the bad think and it improve the loneliness. The
same way when the use of term Daan, daan is related with upkar, pettiness, and satisfaction. Its
improve the personality dicission making and confidence inner happiness. Charansparsh a way
of respect with elders, it reduces the ego and improve the personality , protection and good
relation Prasad- up the both hand for little food, it gives the lesson of respect to all food an and
misuse/ stess.
Conclusion: culture is not only for tradition but it was a part of life for clinical ground mental
health as well as physical health.
About Authors:
* Psychologist SRLM Hospital Varanasi India,
** Assit. Prof. Department of Psychiatry AIIMS New Delhi India



HOLISTIC AND ANALYTIC FUNCTIONING AMONG FIELD DEPENDENT AND
FIELD INDEPENDENT CHILDREN

*Yogesh Kumar Arya **Tushar Singh



ABSTRACT

The field dependent (FD) and field independent (FI) cognitive style dimension is considered to
be value neutral. However, in most of the studies it has been found that FI individuals perform
better than the FD individuals on different cognitive/perceptual tasks. In most of the studies one
finds greater focus on analytical functioning only which is found to be high among FI as
compared to FD individuals. Thus, the present study compared the FD and FI children with
respect to both analytical and holistic functioning using Figure Identification and Face
Identification Tasks.The study was conducted with 120 school children of 7 to 12 years of age.
Children were categorized into FD and FI groups on the basis of their scores on Story Pictorial
Embedded Figures Test (SPEFT). All children were given Face Identification and Figure
Identification Tasks. The results revealed superiority of FI children on both figure and face
identification. It is found that the accuracy of figure identification and face identification was
higher among FI children as compared to their FD counterparts. The hypothesis that FD children
perform better on Face Identification Task as compared to FI children was not supported by the
findings of the present study. The findings are discussed in the light of theory of psychological
differentiation.
About Authors:
*&** Assistant Professor-Department of Psychology -Banaras Hindu University,Varanasi.



THE EFFECT OF PLAY ACTING ON THE PRE-SCHOOL CHILDRENS SKILLS AND
ABILITIES IN COMMUNICATION WITH DISABLED CHILDREN

*Fatemeh Fakhri **Mahendra Kumar

ABSTRACT

During early preschool years children develop a strong need for peer acceptance. During this
stage disabled children have a disadvantage due to their disability because it is not considered to
be socially acceptable for nondisabled children to be sympathetic or to communicate with
disabled children. This study investigates the effect of play-acting on the preschool children's
skills and abilities in communication with disabled children.
The participants of this research include the preschool pupils of one of the districts of Tehran,
who are culturally, economically and socially similar to each other.
The statistical sample consists of 40 children of ages 5 to 6 of two preschool groups. They were
taken randomly and classified into two groups of 20 members.
Each group in each preschool with 20 nondisabled children accepted two disabled children. In
one of the preschool test groups, the children participated in play-acting, and in the other
preschool control group, the ordinary programs of the preschool were presented without any
theatre program. In this research, an experimental design has been used. Dramatic activities and
the skills used by nondisabled children to communicate with disabled children are independent
and dependent variables of this research. The tools of data collecting included the observation
method (film and photographs), and the results were analyzed using McNemar test.
The results of the study are very significant. It shows that nondisabled children were able to
communicate with differently talented children 85% more as a result of 15 sessions of group


work. Positive reactions from nondisabled children were developed, and communications
between differently talented ones were improved. These results were not evident in the control
group.
Moreover, the improvement of verbal and motor skills as well as communicative skills of the
disabled children and the change of their attitude towards nondisabled children were also
findings of this research.
Key word: Play-acting, Preschool, Disabled children, Communication.
About Authors:
*Research scholar at Department of Indian Theatre, Panjab University, Chandigarh
**Department of Indian Theatre, Panjab University,Chandigarh




ABUSE AGAINST ELDERLY WOMEN IN THE SLUM OF AGRA CITY: - A
SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THEIR CHALLENGES IN SOCIETY

*Harshita Agarwal

ABSTRACT

Aged women have faced marginalization since ages. Marginalization in term of economic
deprivation, social isolation, skewed pattern of intra-familial adjustment or psychological stress.
These components singularly and in totality compose violence. Violence has many forms:-
physical, socio-cultural, economic and psychological. During old age, men and women require
care, affection and concern from the family members. Retirement from work does mean
retirement from life. Aged women in the slums especially, are victims of exclusion, as they are
unable to productively contribute to the family expenditure and their dependency ratio also
increases, thereby leading to frustration and distress. This gets an expression, when aged women
are abused and battered. They lose dignity and respect, when they are inactive, incoherent,
dependent, and senile. The picture is built up by the moral, social and cultural values on the one
hand and self-images and personality of the aged herself on the other.In Indian society the
problem of violence against women is not new but it is new for aged women. The ever present
fact of violence, overt and covert, physical and non-physical has an alarming influence on the
status of women. Today, in our society women are vulnerable to all sorts of exploitation,
molestation, violence and even fatal assaults. Abuse against women has become a regular feather
in the Indian society across caste, class and culture variation. Violence against old women is not
different in slums but it is as same as the violence against women in other areas because of
poverty, illiteracy, ignorance, lack of proper space in house. The old women of slums are the
most sufferer of violence. The neglect of the elderly becomes all the more compicuons in slums,
where the socio economic status of poor women are very week. Objectives of my paper are:
1) To study the socio-economic background of aged women who are victim of violence in slums
of Agra city.
2) To find out the causes of abuse faced by the aged women in the slums of Agra city.
3) To study the factors leading to the marginalization of the elderly in the family of Agra city.
4) To study the societal and governmental concerns for the aged women in the slums of Agra
city.


5) To suggest measures to improve the conditions of aged in slums.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Author:
*PhD (Sociology), Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh Agra.E.mail-
Dei.harshita@gmail.com




THE EFFECT OF MINDFUL-MEDITATION IN RELATION TO SUICIDE IDEATION
AND AFFECTIVE DYSREGULATION AMONG PSYCHIATRY OUTPATIENTS

*Ibadat Khan

ABSTRACT
Mindful-meditation is a process to bring your awareness in the present moment and
becoming self regulated in daily life. The elements of mindfulness, namely awareness and
nonjudgmental acceptance of one's moment-to moment experience, are regarded as potentially
effective antidotes against common forms of psychological distress - rumination, anxiety, worry,
fear, anger, and so on - many of which involve the maladaptive tendencies to avoid, suppress, or
over-engage with one's distressing thoughts and emotions (Hayes & Feldman, 2004). The
presents study intends to investigate the effect of mindful-meditation on suicide ideation and
affective dysregulation among psychiatry OPD patients. The sample of the study consisted of 20
OPD patients (8 males and 12 females) diagnosed with mild neurotic disorders with age range of
20-50 years form middle socioeconomic population randomly selected from Department of
Psychiatry of a reputed government hospital in Chandigarh. After a clinical interview, Affective
Dysregulation Inventory (DI-A) and Becks Scale for Suicide Ideation were administered before
providing the session of mindful-meditation and again the respective tests were administered on
same patients after an interval of 40 days of practicing mindful-mediation. After this procedure,
pre-therapy baseline scores were compared with post therapy scores with the help of t-test as
analysis technique. The findings indicate that there is a significant effect of practicing mindful-
mediation in reducing affective dysregulation as well as suicide ideation and mindful-meditation
can be used as an alternative therapy among OPD patients.
Keyword: Mindful-meditation, affective dysregulation, suicide ideation.

About Author:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh



TRANSFORMATIONAL, TRANSACTIONAL, AND LAISSEZ FAIRE LEADERSHIP
STYLES AS PREDICTORS OF COLLECTIVE EFFICACY AND HAPPINESS AMONG
MANAGEMENT EMPLOYEES

*Kiran Sakkar Sudha ** Anam Farhat *** M.G. Shahnawaz

ABSTRACT



Much of the organizational goals are attained via collective efforts of employees. Moreover, all
organizational work is divided as per roles (department wise/ specializations/ designation
hierarchy etc.), and it is clear that teams are more efficient in realizing the sub-goals and
gradually the targeted higher goal. Leaders and Leadership play important roles in achieving
organizational goals and lately happiness at workplace has emerged as an essential performance
factor. The study examined leadership styles as predictors of collective efficacy and workplace
happiness. For this, sample of 90 employees were taken from an education management
organization and administered Multi Factor Leadership questionnaire, MLQ (Bass & Avolio,
1985), Job-related Affective Well-being Scale, JAWS (Katwyk, Fox, Spector, & Kelloway,
2000) and Collective Efficacy, (Karrasch, 2003) were used. Multiple regression analysis was
computed for evaluation. The results shows that transformational leadership style explained
25% of the variance in collective efficacy (R
2
=.25, F (90)=30.71, p<.001) whereas was even
higher in predicting workplace happiness (R
2
=.39, F(90)= 58.185, p<.001).The second style i.e.,
transactional leadership style explained 27% of the variance in predicting collective efficacy
(R
2
=.27, F(90)= 34.24, p<.001) and workplace happiness was also significantly high (R
2
=.28,
F(90)= 34.22, p<.001), that is it explains 28% of the total variance. The third and the last style
from the MLQ taxonomy, laissez faire leadership style explained 15% of the variance in
predicting collective efficacy (R
2
=.15, F(90)= 17.43, p<.001) and has an influencing impact with
workplace happiness scores predicting 14% of the total variance which was also significantly
high (R
2
=.15, F(90)= 16.53, p<.001). The study contributes as it has attempted to evaluate the
relative efficacy of three leadership styles on collective efficacy as well as work place happiness.
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Jamia MilliaIslamia, New Delhi 110 025
** Trainee Teaching Associate, IIM- C
***Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110 025



A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL IDENTITY AND SUPPORT
FOR FEMINISM AMONG MUSLIM WOMEN

*Kishwar Jahan
**
Seema Singh


ABSTRACT

This study is a relevance of social identity theory to support feminism. Social identity is a
persons knowledge that he or she belongs to a social category or group (Hogg & Abrams 1988).
And feminism is a collection of movement aimed at defining, establishing and defending equal
political, economic, and social rights for women. Hence, the purpose of the study is to find the
relation between social identity and support for feminism. The sample used for study is 35
Muslim women from women study center in the age group of 18 to 25 years. The tools used in
the study are Gender self-esteem scale (GSE) and Liberal Feminist Attitude and Ideology Scale
(LFAIS). After administering the scales to the target sample the correlation between two scales
was calculated. On the basis of analysis it has found that all the scales of Social identity have a
significant positive correlation with support for feminism .It has also found that high Gender
self-esteem (GSE) in Muslim women are related to support for feminism.



Keywords: Social identity, Feminism, Muslim Women.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Author:
* Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad.
** Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad


DEVELOPMENT PSYCHOLOGY: IDENTITY CRISIS AND TURMOIL IN YOUTH

*Lakshya Rawat ** Monika Rikhi

ABSTRACT

This paper outlines the utility of the concept of identity in personality development during
adolescence. Identity crisis, a term which is used in colloquial speech, refers to a time of great
turmoil in a person's life in which they struggle with understanding who they are. Adolescence is
the period of life between the onset of puberty and the full commitment to an adult social role,
known for the formation of personal and social identity and the discovery of moral purpose. In
Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory of development, identity crisis is viewed as a natural
transitional phase all people must go through to find out what roles they best fill in society.
Identity crisis is part of his fifth stage of development - the Identity Cohesion versus Role
Confusion stage - where a person develops either an identity or identity confusion. This stage
occurs between the ages of ten and twenty. In it, young men and women must try out many
different roles to develop a healthy path for the future of their lives. It is in this stage that a
person generally develops the basic traits for who they will be for the rest of their lives.

Keywords: Identity crisis, turmoil, adolescence, development.
About Authors:
*Student, B.Tech. Psychological Science , Sri Aurobindo College (Evening), Malviya Nagar- University
of Delhi.
**Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (Evening), Malviya Nagar-
University of Delhi



SOCIAL HARMONY: THE LOOMING CRISIS IN HUMANITY

*Mahabir Singh Bhati

ABSTRACT

Indian citizens, Hindus in the diaspora, and many Western seekers eager to immerse themselves
in the Hindu way of life, see a glaring dichotomy in the vast gap between the religious teaching
of divinity inherent in each being and the continued social reality of discrimination and
inequality in parts of Indian society predicated on the caste of ones birth a striking contrast
between Aham Brahmasmi (I am that Divine) and untouchability.
There are perhaps more than 3000 jatis in India and there is no one all-Indian system of ranking
them in order of status. Yet in each local area jati ranking exists and is very much related to


purity and pollution. The reason for the Indian obsession with fair skin can be traced back to the
caste system where dalits or 'untouchables' often had much darker skin to the higher castes.
(Aditi Jain, 2014).
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar found the rigidity of the caste system most illogical. According to him,
Hinduism is not a missionary and organized religion like, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism and
Budhism. It lacks the feeling of fraternity that exists in these religions. The root cause of
inequality exists not because of economic backwardness but due to social ostracism of a bulk of
the population in the country. Hindu caste system is based on division of labour. It is
determined by their birth. The Hindu caste system favoured the unity of the first three varnas
and separates the fourth Varna, i.e. the shudras from the rest and assign them all kinds of menial
jobs to them and deprive them of status, money, freedom, equality and a decent way of living.
The caste system is affected by a process of graded inequality. All castes are not on par. They
are one above the other. Castes are all individual entities.
It is also important to recognize that untouchability is a purely social evil with no
sanction in Hindu texts and which arose thousands of years after the first Vedas were composed.
The Dharmashastras do not recognize the concept of untouchability, let alone promote it.
___________________________________________________________________________
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, K. M. College of Education, Bhiwani, Haryana, India.



PERSONALITY, MENTAL HEALTH AND JOB ANXIETY AS CORRELATES OF JOB
SATISFACTION AMONGST SCHOOL TEACHER WOMEN

*Maheshwari **K., Deshmukh***J., Sharma****O.P. Tomar, D.

ABSTRACT

The study was intended to examine the relationship personality, mental health, Job
anxiety and job satisfaction among school teacher women. 150 school teacher women were taken
for the study. They were administered S.D. employees inventory by pestonjee, mental health
questionnaire by Dr. Jagdish and Dr. A.K. Srivastava, Personality test by R.B. Cattell, J.E. King,
A.K Srivastava and M.M. Sinha and Job anxiety scale by Srivastava and Sinha. Results were
analyzed by person coefficient of correlation and multiple (Stepwise) regression was also done.
Personality was found to be positively associated with job satisfaction however job anxiety was
negatively related. Giving help to others was negatively related with job satisfaction however
receiving help from other was positively related. Significant positive correlation co-efficience of
mental health with job satisfaction in school teacher women. The multiple correlationswas 0.651,
taken together personality, Job anxiety and mental health accounted 42.38% of the variance of
job satisfaction amongst the school teacher women. Implications of the study for researchers and
the school teacher women are discussed.
Key words- Personality, Mental Health, Job anxiety, Job satisfaction
About Authors:
*Asstt. Prof. Deptt. of Psychology, MJRP, University Jaipur
**Asstt. Prof. Deptt. of Psychology, St.Wilfreds P.G. College, Jaipur
***A.Professor,Deptt. of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur(India)


****Asstt.Prof., IIMR, ICG, University Jaipur, Rajasthan, (India)E-mail:opsharma65@live.in



EXPLORING THE ANTECEDENTS OF INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG MALE
AND FEMALE COLLEGE STUDENTS

*Manchong Limlunthang Zou

ABSTRACT

Internet use is profound among college students, and there are empirical and theoretical
indications that new technologies including internet will be used more by females (Firestone,
1984, Doctorow, 2007). However, there are limited studies where antecedents of internet
addiction have been explored across gender; therefore the present study aims to explore this gap.
For this purpose a sample size of 281 college students was obtained (Male 124, Female 157)
with an age range between 17 to 25 years (Mean 19.78). Different tools were used, their names
and Cronbachs alpha for the current sample are: Online Cognition Scale (.88), Loneliness Scale
(.76), Positive Affect (.69), Negative Affect (.79), Extraversion (.37), and Neuroticism (.52). The
t-test result showed a significant differences between Male and Female internet addicts in terms
of Loneliness (p<.01), Extraversion (p<.05), and Neuroticism (p<.01). Stepwise Multiple
regression on Male sample showed significant prediction by Loneliness (R=23, p<.01)
explaining 5% of the variance. Loneliness (beta=.23, p<.01) alone emerged as the positive and
significant predictor for Male internet addicts. Female sample showed a significant prediction by
Negative Affect and Loneliness together (R=.33, p<.01) explaining 11% of the variance in the
study. Loneliness (beta=.156, p<.05) and Negative Affect (beta=.256, p<.01) emerged as the
positive and significant predictors of internet addiction among the female internet addicts.
Keywords: Internet Addiction, Loneliness, Negative Affect, Positive Affect, Extraversion,
Neuroticism.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology,Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025



A STUDY ON CLINICAL AND FORENSIC IMPLICATIONS OF PERSONALITY
DISORDER

* Manisha Mirdha ** Rajendra K. Dhayal

ABSTRACT

People suffering from personality disorders are not only concerns of Psychologists and
Psychiatrists but also to the professionals working in primary health care, social services and
experts of Criminology. It is not only the person suffering from personality disorder who is at
risk but also the people who come in contact with such persons and the society at large because
such people may have tendencies to exhibit deviance and represent a significant clinical risk
which poses threat and might also be difficult to anticipate.


This paper presents a dynamical agent based approach for analysis of criminal behaviour and
thereby examines the combined role of a criminologist and a psychologist in dealing with the
possibilities of commission of criminal activities by a person who falls under the category of
personality disorders. Further research is also needed on how a criminalised thought process
originates, how the consequential actions can lead to violence and how different types of
personality disordered offenders respond to treatment. This paper also examines the conditions
that are needed to sustain improvements following completion of treatment because treatment in
forensic populations should take account of the risk level of offenders, the factors associated
with their offending, and the types of interventions to which they are likely to be responsive.
About Authors:
mirdhamanishanlu@gmail.com


PSYCHOSOCIAL ADJUSTMENT ASPECTS OF OLD AGE PERSONS

*Manju Kanwar Rathore ** Sheela Sangwan

ABSTRACT

Adjustment of the oldest old with the changing scenario and risingPlatform of globalization,
modernization and industrialization is verychallenging and of utmost importance. This paper
examines the level of adjustment in old age people and assesses the various socio-personal
factors influencing it. The study was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana state from where
urban area of Hisar was taken as locale of study.For this very purpose a sample of 30 old persons
(>60 year) were selected purposively from old age people gathering in CCSHAU campus in
evening hours. Respondents were assessed by using old age adjustment inventory (Hussain &
Kaur) to find out adjustment in the areas of health, home, social, material, emotional and
financial aspects. The results revealed that majority of respondents were moderately adjusted
followed by less than half of respondents, who were highly adjusted in the aspects of home,
social and financial domains. Respondents age had significant positive correlation whereas
income had negative correlation with their marital adjustment aspect.

Key words: Adjustment, old age people, health, home, social, material, emotional and financial
About Authors:
*MSc. Research Scholar & **Professor Department of Human Development and Family Studies
I. C. College of Home science CCSHAU, Hisar -125004Haryana, India, Manjurathore23@gmail.com



PARENTING STYLE IN RELATION TO CHILD REARING PRACTICES OF
ADOLESCENTS AMONG PARENTS SERVING IN DEFENCE

*Manmeet Kaur Reen

ABSTRACT



Adolescence is a time of excitement anxiety, happiness- troubles, discovery- bewilderment,
and breaks with the past and links with the future. It has often been referred to as a period of
storm and stress. This in fact is a period of dramatic challenge even for parents as they too need
to adapt their parenting skills so as to help their adolescents with a smoother transition and
greater success in achieving the developmental tasks. Adolescents whose parents are in defence
services often experience situations of adaptation and instability in both school and home
because of relocation of the family or deployment of the parent. Understanding of parenting style
in relation to child rearing practices of adolescents among defence parents can play an important
role in providing suitable inputs to defence families for strengthening their family relationship
and environment. Keeping this objective in mind the present study Parenting Style in Relation
to Child Rearing Practices of Adolescents among Parents serving in Defence was conducted in
Chandigarh, Panchkula and Mohali on the sample of 100 adolescents and their parents (age
group 14-18 years). A purposive stratified sampling was used to collect data from 3 wings of
defence i.e. Army, Air force and Navy through a self prepared questionnaire. A sample design
followed a pre & post test design with intervention as an integral part. The responses revealed
that parental self perceptions of their parenting practices despite of defence life related stresses
emerged favouring. Yet a low score emerged in the area of health (pubertal development).
Sensitivity on the part of parents to adolescents needs has been reported to reduce conflict and
improve the parent adolescent relationship. Perhaps input to strengthen parenting skill in this
area (pubertal development) through workshop and resource material can help overcome this
weakness among parents in defence families.
Key words: Parents, adolescents, defence
About Author:
*Counsellor, KV, Sector-31, Chandigarh



SUSTAINABLE WELL-BEING THROUGH FORGIVENESS: EXPLORING THE
POSSIBILITIES

*M. G. Shahnawaz **S. Wasfeea Wazid

ABSTRACT

In the past few years forgiveness has emerged as one of the significant developments in
psychology which has enormous implications for health and well-being. Forgiveness is a process
(or the result of a process) that involves a change in emotion and attitude regarding an offender
who has committed some form of transgression. This change is an intentional and voluntary
process driven by a deliberate decision to forgive the offender. Forgiveness need not be always
towards the other, sometime forgiveness can of the self also. Self forgiveness is the process of
releasing resentment towards oneself for a perceived transgression or wrongdoing. Transgression
generally results in the experience of shame, guilt, anger and regret which needs to be unlocked
in order to experience forgiveness. There are many similarities and differences between the two,
however, the most striking difference is that reconciliation with the self is a necessary
component of self forgiveness unlike interpersonal forgiveness where reconciliation with others
may or may not happen. Forgiveness is facilitated and inhibited by various individual, social and
cultural factors. There are many reported benefits of forgiveness such as psychological healing,


improve physical and mental health, restore the victims sense of personal power, bring about
reconciliation between the offended and offender, and promote hope for the resolution of real-
world intergroup conflicts. Despite these benefits, the road to forgiveness is a very difficult
journey as it requires self examination, confronting the negative emotions, fear of facing the
offender (who might have much power) and also the fear of being considered weak. If not
practiced well, forgiveness may end up as a means of exploitation of the victim and maintenance
of the status quo in the family or society. Because of the difficulty in forgiveness, Mahatma
Gandhi wrote the weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is an attribute of the strong.
However, there is some empirical support that forgiveness can be developed and which can
result in sustainable well-being for the victim as well as for the perpetrator.

About Authors:
* Professor, Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.
**Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.


SPIRITUALITY IN RELATION TO MENTAL HEALTH AND JOB PERFORMANCE
AT WORKPLACE

*Monika **S.K. Srivastava

ABSTRACT

Spirituality refers to an ultimate or an alleged immaterial reality; an inner path enabling a person
to discover the essence of his/her being; or the "deepest values and meanings by which people
live. Spirituality is often experienced as a source of inspiration or orientation in life.Spirituality
can play an important role in helping people maintaining good mental health and live with or
recover from mental health problems. Moreover many a researches suggests spiritual ways that
can be used at workplace in both the public and the private sector to increase performance.
Spirituality also enhances employees well-being and quality of life and also helps in providing
meaning to work. It helps in providing employees a sense of interconnectedness. The purpose of
this review is to bring light on the effective technique of spiritual practice to improve the mental
health as well as job performanceResearch suggests that the encouragement of spirituality in the
workplace can lead to benefits in the areas of creativity, process improvement, customer service,
honesty and trust, personal fulfillments, and commitment, which will ultimately lead to increased
organizational performance (Krishnakumaret al., 2002). Indeed, it has been suggested that
organizations that encourage spirituality experiences improved their organizational performance
and profitability. Employees and managers increasingly need to reflect on the ways of
incorporating spirituality in workplace as a factor to promote job performance.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology Gurukul Kangari University Haridwar
**Professor, Department of Psychology Gurukul Kangari University Haridwar-



BODY IMAGE IMPACT ON PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND SELF-
CONFIDENCE AMONGST ADOLESCENTS



*Mumal Chawra ** Manshvee Dubey ***Omprakash Sharma

ABSTRACT

This Study investigated Effect of Body Image on Psychological well-being (PWB)and self
confidence amongst adolescence. The population of the research was chosen from 10
th
grade
students from the different English Medium Co-educational Public School of Udaipur city, based
on the C.B.S.E pattern. The research sample consists of 400 students (200 girls and 200 boys).
Body image Questionnaire,P.G.I. general well-being scale, Self- confidence assessment (1985) .
The obtained data was statistically analyzed by using ANOVA. The result indicated that the
Body Image has significant difference on PWB and Self-confidence. Boys have better PWB than
girls and there were no significant gender effect found on self-confidence.
Key words: Body Image, Psychological Well-Being (PWB), Self-Confidence.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Authors:
*&**Deptt. Of Psychology, Geetanjali medical college and hospital/Geetanjali university, India
***Deptt. Of psychology Rajasthan University Jaipur, India Email: opsharma65@live.in




SOCIAL FREEDOM AND THE CAPABILITY APPROACH: GROWING IDENTITY
CRISIS AMONG EDUCATED WORKING WOMEN

*Navneet Kaur

ABSTRACT

Educational widespread has played a key role in the upliftment of womens status in the society.
Although on the one hand it created a modern women who is educated, aware and is ready to
take her own decisions but on the other hand it paved way for the rise of a new class of educated
women juggling between the traditional role of a perfect homemaker in addition to that of a
working women. The present paper discusses the problem of identity crisis being faced by such
women today keeping in mind Amartya Sens Capability Approach with respect to their social
freedom in terms of positive and negative liberty and tries to find a feasible solution to this
problem which affects their well being as well as their self esteem as a person of worth.

Keywords: Capability Approach, Education, Negative Liberty, Positive Liberty, Social
Freedom, Women.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Department of Community Education and Disability Studies, Panjab University,
Chandigarh, India. Email: navneetkaurchauhan02@gmail.com



PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING OF THE AGED THROUGH YOGIC TECHNIQUES:
AN INTERVENTION STUDY



*Hardeo Ojha **Niranjan Prasad Yadav

ABSTRACT

The present investigation was planned to see if the psychological wellbeing of the aged can be
improved by some yogic practices. Psychological wellbeing here referred to preponderance of
positive affect over negative affect. As indicators of positive affect five traits viz., self-concept,
self-efficacy, ego-strength, emotional stability and life satisfaction were selected. As indicators
of negative affect five traits viz., anxiety, insecurity alienation, identity crisis and loneliness were
identified. The yogic practices undertaken were Kapalbhati, Anulom-Vilom, Bhramri, Tratak,
Dhyan and Yognindra. The design followed was pre-post testing of experimental and control
groups. Subjects were 500 retired officials (aged 65-75 yrs) randomly assigned to experimental
and control groups in equal number. The experimental groups practiced yogic techniques half an
hour daily for six months intervention period. The control group remained engaged in normal
activities during intervention period. The two groups were tested and retested after intervention
period on the measures of psychological wellbeing. The inter and intra-group comparisons at two
testing revealed that there was significant improvement in the psychological wellbeing of
experimental (yoga) group, but no difference was found in case of control group. Hence yogic
practices lead to holistic and balanced life among the aged.
About Authors:
*Prof. & Head (Retd.), University Dept. of Psychology, T.M. Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur- 812007
Bihar (India). Email Id- hardeoojha@gmail.com
**Asst. Professor, Dept. of Psychology, T.N.B. College, Bhagalpur, T.M. Bhagalpur University,
Bhagalpur- 812007Bihar (India). Email- niranjan.pd.yadav@gmail.com



A STUDY OF GENERAL MENTAL HEALTH, LIFE SKILLS AND ECO-SENSORY
CONSCIOUSNESS AMONG PRANAYAMA PRACTITIONERS: A FACTOR
ANALYTICAL STUDY

*Sharma, O.P. **Bhardwas, S. ***Tiwari, H.

ABSTRACT

The cardinal objective of the present study was to understand the structure of set of variables viz.
Gender, Types of Pranayama, Regularity of practice, Life Skills, General Mental Health Life
Skills and Eco-sensory Consciousness and to reduce measures representing communalities and to
reduce the data set to a more manageable size retaining much of the original information as much
as possible and to understand and extract common pure and pure and relatively independent
factors, if any underlying it. A purposive sample of 360 Literate Regular and Irregular
Pranayama Practitioners from across diverse data with balanced number of Males and Females
(25 to 60 years) was selected from Patanjali Yogapeeth, Haridwar and Yoga/Pranayama shivara
organized in NCR and Rajasthan to sample the variables Gender Type of Pranayama, Regularity
of Practice, General Mental Health, Regularity of Practice, Life Skills, and Eco-sensory
Consciousness. Mental Health Inventory (Jagdish and Srivastava, A.K., 1983), Life Skills


Questionnaire (Clements, 2004), Ecological Attitude and Cognitive Scale (Rajamanickam, M.,
1996) were used. SPSS 17.0 was employed to compute Factor Analysis Using Principal
Component Method with Varimax Rotation in an attempt to reduce the obtained R-matrix down
to its underlying dimensions by looking at which variables seem to cluster in a meaningful way.
A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was computed on the 23 items with Orthogonal
Rotation (Varimax). The KaiserMeyer-Olkin measure verified the sampling adequacy for the
analysis and all KMO values for individual items were well above the acceptable limit of .5.
Bartletts Test of Sphericity x
2
indicated that correlations between items were sufficiently large
for PCA. An initial analysis was run to obtain eigenvalues for each component in the data. Three
components had eigenvalues over Kaisers criterion of 1 and in combination explained 0.987%
of the variance. The Scree Plot was clear and showed and justified retaining three components.
The Screen Plot revealed three factors. The first factor following Lexicon Hypothesis labeled as
Cogito-Practicum comprised of Regularity of Practice (r = .991), Feeling (r = .940), Thinking (r
= .929), Relationships (r = .943), and Integration of Personality (r = .907); explaining a total of
84.116% of variance. These observations suggest that increase in any of the consistent variance
of the factor or measure is related to increase in rest of the variance. The second factor following
Lexicon Hypothesis labeled as Typosyoga consisted of Type of Pranayama (r = .0257) and Oral
Obligation (r = .018). Rest of measures explains a total of 4.566% of variance. These
observations suggest that both measures are positively correlated. And the third factor consisted
of Gender following Lexicon Hypothesis labeled as Genus (r = -.257) explaining a total of
4.397% of variance. In sum, all three factors emerged to explain a total of 93.080% variance, and
the three factors emerged to be relatively independent. Here, some crucial observations deserve
mention. The Oral Obligation measure loaded significantly on the second factor (r = .987).
Similarly, the measure loaded significantly on the third factor (r = .002); however, based on
theory (higher loadings) the same is included in the second. All factors were found to be
relatively independent. The findings are vindicated by the studies of Kail & Cavanaugh, (2007);
Mehta, S., (2012). Barlow, D.H.(2005), Browm R.P. et.al.(2005), Cowen, V.S. (2010), Salmon P
et.al (2009).

Keywords: Pranayama, Regularity of Practice, Type of Pranayama, Life Skills, Gender, Mental
Health and Ecosensory Consciousness
About Authors:
*&**&***, Dept. of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur Email: opsharma65@live.in



BODY IMAGE IMPACT ON PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND SELF-
CONFIDENCE AMONGST ADOLESCENTS

*Chawra, M., **Dubey, M., ***Sharma, O.P.

ABSTRACT

This Study investigated Effect of Body Image on Psychological well-being (PWB)and self
confidence amongst adolescence. The population of the research was chosen from 10
th
grade
students from the different English Medium Co-educational Public School of Udaipur city, based
on the C.B.S.E pattern. The research sample consists of 400 students (200 girls and 200 boys).


Body image Questionnaire, P.G.I. general well-being scale, Self- confidence assessment (1985) .
The obtained data was statistically analyzed by using ANOVA. The result indicated that the
Body Image has significant difference on PWB and Self-confidence. Boys have better PWB than
girls and there were no significant gender effect found on self-confidence.
Key words: Body Image, Psychological Well-Being (PWB), Self-Confidence.
About Authors:
*Asstt. Prof. Deptt. Of Psychology, Geetanjali medical college and hospital/Geetanjali university, (India)
**Counselor, 12, Bajaj Nagar, Enclave, Jaipur.(India)
***A.Professor, Deptt. of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, (India)

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AS A GATEWAY TO HAPPINESS: A STUDY ON
YOUTH

*Punam Midha **Sonia Malik ***Pinki

ABSTRACT

Contemporary era is full of dismay and uncertainty, resulting in depression and volatility
among youth. In such a topsy-turvy scenario, the psychologists are engrossed with the issues of
happiness. Emotional intelligence is an important source of happiness. The present study intends
to find out the levels of happiness, emotional intelligence and the potency of emotional
intelligence to predict happiness among youth. A sample of 200 youth; 17-22 years old both
male and female was drawn from schools and colleges of Rohtak city on the basis of incidental
sampling technique. Descriptive statistics reveal that both happiness and emotional intelligence
are of moderate level. Regression analysis divulges the dominating role of dimensions of
emotional intelligence namely intrapersonal awareness and interpersonal management as potent
predictors of happiness. The interventions for enhancing emotional intelligence have been
discussed.
Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Happiness, Interventions, Youth
About Authors:
*Professors of Department of Psychology, M.D.U, Rohtak. Email: midhapunam@gmail.com
** Research Scholar of Department of Psychology, M.D.U, Rohtak)



TO EXAMINE THE HOME LITERACY ENVIRONMENT OF TODDLERS FROM
LOW INCOME FAMILIES

*P. Malhi

ABSTRACT

Home literacy environment of 63 toddlers (age range 12 to 30 months) from economically
disadvantaged homes was assessed. The READ Scale of the StimQ questionnaire was used to
measure literacy environment. The scale is an 11 items questionnaire and assesses shared
reading activities; frequency of reading activities, number of books in the home, and diversity of
content of books shared with child.


There were no books in nearly two-third (62%) of the homes. Among homes where books were
available, 33% of the mothers read out nursery rhymes. 75% pointed to pictures and named
them, 67% read books to teach alphabets, 50% to teach numbers, 21% to teach colours, and 13%
to teach shapes. Bedtime stories were read out by 46% of the mothers. Multivariate regression
analysis revealed that 9% of the variance in the total READ scores could be accounted by
mothers education (F= 5.71, P= .02).
The home literacy environment of toddlers living in economically disadvantaged homes is
grossly inadequate and early lack of literacy skills may be related to poor school readiness and
academic failure among children living in poverty.
About Author:
Email: pmalhi18@hotmail.com



INTERNET ADDICTION IN RELATION TO PERSONALITY FACTORS OF
ZUCKERMAN'S ALTERNATIVE FIVE FACTOR MODEL

*Pradeep Kumar *Umed Singh

ABSTRACT

The present investigation was carried out to investigate internet addiction in relation personality
factors of Alternative Five Factor Model. To realize the main objective, 60 students with the age
ranging from 18 to 24 years were selected from various PG departments of K.U.K. The subjects
were tested with Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire and Internet Addiction Test
after proper rapport. Obtained data were analysed by using descriptive statistics and Pearson's
correlations. Results have revealed Neuroticism-Anxiety, Impulsive-Sensation Seeking,
Aggression-Hostility to be significant positive correlates of internet addiction whereas Activity
and Sociability have marked significant negative association with Internet Addiction. It depicts
that persons characterized as high on Neuroticism-Anxiety, Impulsive-Sensation Seeking,
Aggression-Hostility and Introversion tend to be vulnerable to develop internet addiction.

Keywords: Personality, AFFM, Internet Addiction.
About Authors: Eamil: pkpsy85@gmail.com



EFFECTS OF WELL-BEING AND FUTURE ORIENTATION ON RETIREMENT
SAVING ATTITUDES AND RETIREMENT SAVINGS PERCEPTION

*Pragyendu **Amogh Talan

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relation between well-being and future orientation of
individuals from middle class in India, and their retirement saving attitudes and retirement
savings perception. With the life expectancies of individuals in India expected to rise steeply in


next 20 years along with their standards of living, it becomes imperative to analyze whether their
present well-being and orientation for the future are allowing them to save adequately to ensure a
comfortable living after the retirement. Future orientation is the extent to which individuals
involve themselves planning for their future after retirement. Well-being measures how much the
individual is satisfied with the conditions of his life. Retirement saving attitudes shows the vigor
with which an individual practices to save for his retirement. Retirement savings perception
reflects how individuals perceive to finance their living after the retirement. Using multiple
regression analysis we found a significantly positive relation between the individuals well being
and their retirement saving attitudes. Results for retirement savings perception reinforced the
belief that middle class people from India are highly conservative when it comes to saving (in
contrast of being risk takers).
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Sri Aurobindo College (Evening), University of Delhi.
pragyendu2009@yahoo.com
**Assistant Professor, Sri Aurobindo College (Evening), University of Delhi.
Email Add.: amoghta@hotmail.com




INFLUENCE TACTICS IN ORGANIZATIONS: THE ROLE OF AVAILABILITY AND
ALLOCATION POLICY OF ORGANIZATIONAL RESOURCE, LEADERS
EFFECTIVENESS AND RELATIVE DEPRIVATION

*Prashant Das **Tushar Singh ***Virendra Byadwal

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of perceived scarcity and allocation norms of
organizational resource, leaders effectiveness and relative deprivation on organizational
influence tactics. Researches in this area have shown that organizational members engage in
influence practices to obtain higher rewards in situations where they are dependent on the good
grace of others for the allocation of rewards. A recent Indian study has shown that members of a
low resource organization use more influence tactics than the members of high resource
organizations and also managers use more influence tactics than workers. These findings present
a need to explore the factors that are important to individuals as they compete for scare
organizational resources. The participants of this research were 120 employees belonging to
three organizational levels (Floor, Middle and Senior). They were administered a brief
demographic information sheet, Socio Behaviour Scale, Ingratiating Behaviour Scale, Relative
Deprivation Questionnaire and Leaders Effectiveness scale. Findings of this study revealed that
influence tactics are used more by people who perceive their organization as low resource
organizations and among those who perceive higher levels of relative deprivations. Leaders
effectiveness has also emerged as an important factor to affect organizational influence tactics.
Key words Tactics, Organizational resources, leaders effectiveness, Deprivation
About Authors:
* Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U. P. India -
221005


** Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U. P. India
221005


BRINGING FUN TO ORGANIZATION:
INCREASING POSITIVE ORGANIZATION CLIMATE BY WORKPLACE HUMOR

*Rabia Nehal

ABSTRACT

In todays scenario wherein, stress and change are the main concerns and challenge in every
ones life, we need to have a kind of positivity in us in order to adapt to the particular change and
lead a better life. In context of organization, humor, as a construct plays an important role in
changing our perspective from bad to good and helps enhance ones overall personality. It not
only changes our individual perceptions but also enhances our job related performances and
distresses our life. The objective of this paper is to analyze the various positive outcomes of
humor adjacent to workplace situations. This paper will highlight the important contribution of
embedding humor in workplace and ways to achieve work place humor by staying within the
context of decorum of an organization. Workplace humor seeds positive emotions in an
organization which create overall positive organization climate. This paper will focus on curbing
the negative effect of stress by incorporating humor within an organization so that employee uses
humor as a tool to overcome stress. Within the highly eclectic sphere of humor studies, very little
empirical research is currently being done regarding humor in the workplace. In this regard,
simply investigating the topic itself addresses a gap.
Keywords: Workplace Humor, Stress, Positive Emotion, Job Performance, Organization
Climate.
About Author:
*Master in Organization Behavior, Amity Institute of Behavioral Health and Allied Sciences




EFFECT OF GENERAL SELF- EFFICACY ON HEALTH BEHAVIOR

*Renu **Radhey Shyam

ABSTRACT

The present study attempted to examine the effect of general self-efficacy on health behavior. A
sample of 100 subjects was selected on the basis of incidental sampling from Rohtak. General
Self-efficacy scale (Hindi) by Sud et al. (1998) and Lifestyle check assessment developed by
Hall and Ches in 2001 were administered to measure Self-efficacy and health behavior. All the
participants were divided in two groups( High self-efficacy and Low self-efficacy) on the basis
of their scores on self-efficacy scores. Data were analyzed using t test. Result indicates that
adolescent having higher self-efficacy lead to more health promoting behavior as compared to
those having low self-efficacy.


Keywords: General self-efficacy, health behavior.
About Author:
*&**Department of Psychology, M.D.University, Rohtak



RAJIV GANDHI CHANDIGARH TECHNOLOGY PARK AND POLLUTION FREE
SOCIETY

*Raj Bala

ABSTRACT

Information Technology (IT) is integral to the world we live in today. In this arena, some
countries may establish global dominance. Advancements in the IT sector have a profound
impact on the economy and quality of life. It is also an effective tool through which progress can
take place with the cooperation of all strata of society. An IT industry is considered as a green
industry but it is not so. There are so many environmental problems which are linked with
Information Technology Industry. This research paper was based on the study of Rajiv Gandhi
Chandigarh Technology Park, Chandigarh. After doing a deep study of the problems and
analyzing various impacts of RGCTP on Chandigarh and its surrounding areas, it was found that
RGCTP has had a major impact on the social, economic and psychological life of the people in
and around the IT Park. Some recommendations are also suggested so that development and
conservation can go hand by hand. By following those recommendations the socio-
environmental impact could be reduced to a certain limit and then we can consider it as a green
industry.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, DAV University, Jalandhar



EFFECTIVENESS OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

*Raumish Masud Khan **Haroon Rasheed Chaudhry

ABSTRACT

The present study was carried out to determine the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy
with first episode schizophrenics. The study was completed with the case studies of 4
schizophrenics (2 drop outs) with the acute onset of psychosis with the duration of 3 months to
one year (M = 7). The age of the patients ranged from 25-35 years (M = 30, SD = 7.07). The
sample was drawn from the Fountain House Lahore out patients ward. Global Assessment
Functioning Scale (Endicote, 1976), Minni Mental Status Examination (Kurlowicz & Wallance,
1975), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (Kay, Opler, & Fiszbein, 1987), Brief Psychiatric
Rating Scale (Overall, & Gorham, 1962) were used to measure the positive and negative
symptoms, behavioral patterns and cognitive functioning of the schizophrenics. The selected
Cognitive Behavioral Therapeutic techniques including belief modification, cognitive and


behavioral homework assignments and self relaxation techniques etc., were used to modify
cognitive functioning, behavioral patterns along with reducing intensity of both positive and
negative symptoms of schizophrenics. ABA within-subjects multiple baseline design was
employed to determine the change in psychotic symptoms, behavioral patterns and cognitive
functioning of schizophrenics. The results of GAF, MMSE, PANNS, and BPRS indicated a
difference in the scores on measures before and after CBT interventions suggesting the change in
the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenics along with improvement in behavioral
patterns and cognitive functioning of the four participants.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor Psychology, Kinnaird College for Women Lahore
**Honorary Executive Director, Fountain House Lahore.



IMPACT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTION IN ADHERENCE TO
TREATMENT AMONG DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS

*Ruby Ahuja *Amit Kr. Dwivedi

ABSTRACT

Depressive disorders are increasing with such a tremendous rate among adults, which lead WHO
to declare this disorder as would be second leading cause of mortality by 2020. This disorder
includes symptoms like somatic concern, persistent sadness, irritability etc. Treatment includes
both psychological as well as pharmacological approaches to overcome the problem and prevent
relapse. 217 adults (29-55yrs) diagnosed with depressive disorder, were selected for the present
study with the help of random sampling, further distributed among three groups Placebo &
Psychological Intervention; only SSRIs Intervention; and SSRIs with Psychological Intervention.
Meta-analysis results revealed that drugs (tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin-reuptake
inhibitors, and a mixed group of other drugs) were significantly better than placebo, with an
average reduction in symptom severity of 48.0% versus 31.3%. Compared to the data on
pharmacological treatments, those for outcomes of psychological treatments are very limited.
Existing data indicate that Cognitive-Behavioral, Behavioral, and Psychodynamic Therapies are
significantly better than placebo. It is possible, even likely, that not only different subtypes of
depression but also different patients vary in their treatment responses. However, Psychological
intervention proved to be better tool to ensure the treatment adherence among the patients. We
can conclude that both psychological and pharmacologic therapies are effective in the treatment
of depressive disorders and that each has its own merits.
About Authors:
* Psychologist at Arya Hospital Neuropsychiatry & Trauma Centre, Chandigarh. Email:
dwivediamit88@gmail.com



GROWING ADOLESCENTS WITH SOCIAL HARMONY AND BETTER MENTAL
HEALTH



*Rupesh Tiwari

ABSTRACT

India is a multi-cultural country and has a long history of communal riots. But since last decade
we have found a sign of decrement in communal riots. The present study examined the changing
pattern of relational orientations among Hindu and Muslim adolescents. The data were collected
from students enrolled in 9
th
-12
th
grade in Indian school setting located in Araria(Bihar),
Azamgarh and Varanasi(Uttar Pradesh) and New Delhi(NCR) which represents rural, urban and
metro settings of India. Analysis revealed that both community preferred integration and co-
existance relational orientations more than separation for social life domains. Both community
shows separation relational orientation only for few domains according to their community. The
relational orientations are also linked with well-being and both community scored high on
emotional-social-psychological well being. This study suggests that there is a positive change in
social co-operation between these communities which is a sign of harmonious social
environment.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. Email: rupeshazam@gmail.com



IMPACT OF INTERVENTION PROGRAMME ON COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF
DEPRIVED CHILDREN

*Kaushal, S. **Singh, C.K.

ABSTRACT

This paper highlights the importance of home environment on cognitive development of
children. The experiment was also conducted to find out the effectiveness of intervention
programme on cognitive abilities of poor children. The sample comprised 400 children belonged
to lower income group, selected randomly from Hisar and Ambala districts of Haryana state. The
home environment was assessed by Mohites Home Environment Inventory and cognitive
abilities of the children were measured by McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities Scale. The
results showed that the majority of underprivileged mothers provided poor home environment to
their children. Almost the children of Hisar and Ambala districts had mental age below their
chronological age and had poor verbal, perception, quantitative, memory, motor abilities and
general cognition. Deprived home environment influenced developmental levels of the children
which resulting poor verbal, perception, quantitative, memory, motor and general cognition.
Based on pre-testing, intervention programme was developed and implemented on thirty per cent
low performer underprivileged children. Further, results revealed that there were significant
improvement in verbal, perception, quantitative, memory, motor and general cognition of
experimental group children after execution of intervention programme.
About Authors:
*Ph.D Scholar, **Assoc. Professor, Department of Human Development and Family Studies,
CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004, Haryana




PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL- BEING: SPIRITUALITY AND SUCCESSFUL AGING

*Musaddiq Jahan**Sabira Khan

ABSTRACT

Aging is a multidimensional change involving the physical, psychological as well as social
aspects for an individual. India has earned the distinction of being a greying nation with about
7.7% of its population consisting of older adults. In the last few decades, however researchers
have become increasingly interested in psychological well-being of elderly persons. Spirituality
has been found to be a major predictor of psychological well-being and shapes individuals
perspectives on the world and is expressed in the way that they live life. This study examined the
relationship between Daily Spiritual Experiences and Psychological well-being among male and
female elderly persons of above 65 years of age. Hundred (100) elderly persons were drawn
randomly from various cities and old age homes situated in India. Of these, there were 50 female
and 50 male. The Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES, Underwood & Teresi, 2002) and Ryff
Scale of Psychological Well-being (Ryff, 1989) were administered on these subjects. Results
showed significant positive relationship between DSES and Psychological well-being among
male and female elderly persons.

Key words: Psychological well- being, Spirituality, Daily Spiritual Experience, Aging.
About Authors:
*Project Fellow UGC-SAP (DRS-I), Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University.
**Associate Professor, Womens College, Aligarh Muslim University.




MEANING IN LIFE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AMONG
INSTITUTIONALIZED AND NON-INSTITUTIONALIZED ELDERLY

*Sabira Khan **Musaddiq Jahan

ABSTRACT

This study examined the relationship between Meaning in life and Psychological well-being
among male and female elderly persons of above 65 years of age. A total sample of 200 elderly
was selected randomly from various cities and old age homes situated in India. Of these, there
were 100 institutionalized (50 female and 50 male) and 100 non-institutionalized (50 female and
50 male) elderly. Meaning in Life Scale (Steger et al., 2006) and Ryff Scale of Psychological
Well-being (Ryff, 1989) were administered on subjects. Pearson product- moment coefficient of
correlation and Cronbach coefficient alpha were applied to analyze the data. Results showed
significant positive relationship between MIL and Psychological well-being among
Institutionalized and Non- institutionalized male and female elderly persons.

Key Words: Meaning in life, Psychological well- being, Institution and Non- Institution elderly.


About Authors:
*Project Fellow UGC-SAP (DRS-I), Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University.
**Associate Professor, Womens College, Aligarh Muslim University.


IMPACT OF COUNSELLING ON DEPRESSION AMONGST HIV/AIDS PATIENTS

*Sabira Khan

ABSTRACT

AIDS is a chronic, life threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV). AIDS has challenged several aspects of contemporary social life and conventional
approaches to health care. A social response to HIV/AIDS that has received much attention is the
counselling of people affected by the disease. The present study was carried out to evaluate the
impact of counseling on depression and other behaviors manifesting psychological distress
amongst HIV/AIDS patients. Becks depression inventory (BDI) was administered to study
depression. Stages of HIV infections were also used to facilitate clinical evaluation. Twenty
persons with HIV/AIDS (16 men and 4 women) participated in the study. The subjects were
administered BDI before counseling, and after counseling program was completed; pre and post-
counseling scores were compared. It was found that at the post-counseling condition scores on
depression were significantly lower. Marked improvement was also seen in behavioral symptoms
of psychological distress.

KEYWORDS: HIV/AIDS, WHO Clinical Stage, Depression, Counselling.
About Author:
*Project Fellow UGC-SAP (DRS-I), Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University.



EEFECT OF LEADERSHIP STYLE AND COWORKERS ON JOB SATIFACTION OF
EMPLOYEES

*Sakshi Seth **Priyam Saini ***Daisy Sharma

ABSTRACT

The present study is an exploratory study, which aims at studying the relationship between three
variables i.e. leadership style, co-workers and employees satisfaction. In the present study in
total data of 110 employees was collected (10 managers and 100 non-managers). In total three
questionnaires were used: multifactor leadership questionnaire (MLQ), job satisfaction
questionnaire and coworkers question was used. It was hypothesized that there will be a
relationship between leadership style and job satisfaction & co-workers and employee
satisfaction. To study the relationship between leadership style and job satisfaction & co-workers
and employee satisfaction Pearson product moment correlation will be used. Two tailed Pearson
chi square analysis will also be used to study the difference in the satisfaction of employees in
different types of leadership. The data collection for the present study is still in process.


Key Words: leadership style, job satisfaction, relationship co-worker, Pearson product moment
correlation, Pearson product correlation, two tailed chi square analysis
About Authors:
*Student, Masters in Applied Psychology, South Campus, DU. Email: missakshiseth@gmail.com
**Student, Bachelors in Psychology, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, DU
***Assistant Professor, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, DU

IMPACT OF SPIRITUALITY ON ATTENTION DEFICIENT HYPERACTIVE
DISORDER

*Samyak Makwana

ABSTRACT

Spirituality is very useful in maintaining mental health. Studies also indicate that Spirituality is
beneficial to defend against natural trauma as well as stress conditions. Present study is hospital
based clinical study which aims to observe the effects of Prayer in ADHD child. Thirty
participants were selected from Neuro-psychiatric clinic, Surendranagar. 2X2 factorial design
was used. For observe effect the effects of Prayer on ADHD symptoms, Parents were guided to
engage their child in Individual prayer and Family prayer. Pretest was conducted for screening
ADHD symptoms and Post Test was conducted in every 15 days. Pretest and Posttest result were
compared. Result indicates Family prayer is more effective than Individual Prayer to decrease
ADHD symptoms. Prayer is more beneficial to manage hyperactive symptoms than Inattention
symptoms.

Keywords: Spirituality, Prayer, ADHD.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor (Psychology), Kavishree Botadkar College, Botad (Bhavnagar University)
Email: samyak_makwana@yahoo.co.in



JOB SATISFACTION ANDITS EFFECTS ON EFFICIENCY WITH RESPECT TO LIFE
THREATHENING JOBS

*Sana Noor Mohamed

ABSTRACT

Job satisfaction is how content an individual is with his or her job. The aim of this research is to
find out to what extent psychological well-being and job satisfaction amongst CRPF personnel
on factors such as perceived social support and coping strategies. The present study investigates
the relation between the job satisfaction and the performance affected due to life threatening
jobs. The job satisfaction questionnaire was administered to 50 personnel at CRPF Coimbatore.
The collected data were analysed by using the correlation and the results show positive
correlation between job satisfaction and performance of duty.



Keywords: Job Satisfaction Efficiency- Life Threatening jobs performance of duty.
About Author:
*Final year UG students- Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore
641014. Email: sananoormd@gmaol.com


EFFECT OF RESILIENCE ON COPING STRATEGIES, PERCEIVED STRESS AND
EMOTIONAL CONTROL

*Santosh Meena **Auashi Kumar

ABSTRACT

Resilience has been a topic of interest for researchers for a long time. Psychological resilience is
an individual's tendency to cope with stress and adversity. This coping may result in the
individuals "bouncing back" to a previous state of normal functioning, or simply not showing
negative effects. Resilience is a trait which can be developed eventually. Those who lack this
resilience may instead become overwhelmed by such experiences. They may dwell on problems
and use unhealthy coping mechanisms to deal with such challenges. Generally, these individuals
are slower to recover from setbacks and may experience more psychological distress as a result.
The key objective of the present study was to examine the effect of Resilience on coping
strategies, perceived stress and emotion control among hostel wardens, and to examine the
difference in coping strategies, perceived stress and emotion control in high and low resilience
among hostel warden. Purposive sampling was planned. 70 female hostel wardens sample
between 30 to 50 year was targeted from Banasthali University. Tools used in the study were:
The Brief Resilience scale developed by Smith et al (2008), coping scale developed by Carver, ,
Schemer and Weintraub (1989). Data was analysed through mean, SD, t-test ANOVA. It was
found in the study that resilience significantly affects emotion control but does not affect
significantly perceived stress and coping strategies. Study also revealed that, there is a significant
difference in emotion control of high and low resilience groups and the difference is insignificant
in perceived stress and coping strategies of high and low resilience groups.

Keywords: Resilience, Copindg strategies, Perceived Stress and Emotion control.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Banasthali University. Email: santoshajaymeena@gmail.com
**M.A. Student, Banasthali University



SELF-EFFICACY, SUICIDAL IDEATION AND DEPRESSION AMONGST
DESTITUTE AND NON-DESTITUTE ADOLESCENTS

*Sapna **Radhey Shyam*** ***Naseeb Kumar

ABSTRACT



The present study was carried out to compare destitute and non-destitute adolescents on self-
efficacy, suicidal ideation and depression. A sample of 80 male and female adolescents (40
destitute and 40 non-destitute) with age ranging from 14 to 17 years and mean age of 15 years
were selected randomly for the present study. The sample was drawn from 40 destitute
adolescents were taken from two NGO Bal Gram Rai, State After Care Home (Sonipat) while
rest of 40 was taken from govt. senior secondary school Sonipat. Self-efficacy questionnaire,
Beck scale for suicide ideation, and Child depression inventory were used to gather the data. The
data obtained was statistically analysed for correlation between self-efficacy, suicidal ideation
and depression and t-test for difference between destitute and non- destitute adolescents on self-
efficacy, suicidal ideation and depression. Results along with their implications are discussed in
the earlier studies.
Key Words: Destitute Adolescents, Non-destitute Adolescents, Self-efficacy, Suicidal Ideation,
Depression
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Maharishi DayanandUniversity,Rohtak (Haryana)
**Professor, Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanand University,Rohtak (Haryana)
***Assistant Professor of Psychology, Govt.College for Women Bhodia Khera,Fatehabad (Haryana)



A STUDY OF CORRELATES OF SUBJECTIVE WELL BEING AMONG
ADOLESCENTS

*Satvir Singh**Jagvir Maan***Pooja ****Amita*****Mansi

ABSTRACT

Subjective well being is determined by a number of variables. Present investigation is concerned
to study the correlates of subjective well being among school going adolescents. The sample of
the study consisted of 100 students including 50 boys and 50 girls with an age interval of 12 to
18 years having middle class status. These respondents were administered subjective well- being,
gratitude questionnaire and helping attitude scale. The obtained data were analysed by using
Pearsons Correlation. It was observed that sense of gratitude and altruistic behaviour were
positively correlated with subjective well- being. These findings were discussed in the light of
previous studies on gratitude, altruism and subjective well-being. Furthermore, suggestions for
further investigations were also stated along with the limitations of the present study.
Key words: subjective well-being, gratitude and altruism.
About Authors:
*Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Govt. P. G. College Bhiwani.
**Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Govt. P. G. College , Bhiwani.
***Resource Person on Extension Lecture Basis, Department of Psychology, Govt. P. G.
College Bhiwani
****B.Ed. Student, Marc College of Education Lohani, Bhiwani.
*****PGT (Psychology), DEO, Bhiwani












DIABETES AND YOGIC TREATMENT

*Savita Arya **Mohinder Kumar

ABSTRACT

In the modern times, the materialistic attitude and mechanized life style had caused the origin of
unhealthy lifestyle based chronic diseases. As per trend of medical research in the last 2-3
decades, it was being revealed that the human beings had been suffering mainly from Diabetes,
Hypertension, Bronchial-asthma, Cervical-spondylosis, Mental-stress, Depression, Gastric-
acidity, Constipation, Irritating bowl syndrome, Back-ache, Common cold, Arthritis,
Dysmenorrhoea. Yoga has been popularized and well recognised all over the world in the past
few decades for its promotive, preventive and curative aspects of health. For the restlessness
mind, it had given solace (Bloomfieldd, et al.,1975), for the sick, it had been a boon (Brena et al.
1975) and for a common man, it has been fashion of the day to keep himself fit and beautiful
(Saraswati Swami, 1975). The present study is aiming at analytical and logical basis of
prescribing the scientific Yoga-practices in the management of a specific disease and thereby
overcoming the ambiguity in finalizing Yoga-therapy-schedule in a specific disease. As the
designed Yoga-therapy-schedule is based on holistic approach of Yoga-therapy, the objective of
strengthening the modern trend of Yoga-therapy, involving Yoga based life style modifications,
would be achieved. The present study would also be aiming to improve the confidence level of
Yoga-therapist in treating the educated and intellectual patients by submission of logic and
reasoning in selection of specific Yoga- practices. In the light of the above said context and
thereby finalizing a specific Yogic-schedule of Yogic-therapy for a particular disease. This will
help the educationists, students of various Yoga courses, researchers and investigators to
understand logic and reasoning of prescribing a particular Yogic-practice in the treatment of a
specific disease. This will overcome the ambiguity in selecting Yogic-practices for further
research. The present study emphases to improve the percentage of efficacy of Yogic-practices
of a Yoga-therapy schedule, as the schedule would have scientific basis of prescription of a
specific Yoga-practice. Moreover, it will provide scientific firm footings and authenticity to
Yoga-therapy in modern times. In view of constraints and limitations, the present study would
only be confined to the one disease only Diabetes.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor-Psychology, Govt. College of Yoga-Education & Health, Chandigarh.
**Yoga-Instructor, Govt. College of Yoga-Education & Health, Chandigarh



SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE AND LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG GRADUATE
STUDENTS



*Shabana Anjum **Mahmood S. Khan

ABSTRACT

The present study was designed to ascertain, spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction among
different courses of students. Spiritual intelligence is concerned with the inner life of mind and
spirit and its relationship to being in the world and it implies a capacity for a deep understanding
of existential questions and insight into multiple levels of consciousness. Spiritual intelligence
also implies awareness of spirit as the ground of being or as the creative life force of evolution. It
is related to emotional intelligence insofar but spiritual practices include developing
intrapersonal and interpersonal sensitivity and it depends on ones capacity to see things from
more than one perspective and to recognize the relationships between perception, personal
beliefs and behavior. Whereas life satisfaction is also important for human being as spiritual
intelligence is, the state or condition of well- Well-being means different things to different
people. For some, financial well being is most important; for others, physically being well; and
still others desire well being in relationships and family affairs. Freedom is important to well
being freedom from fear, worry, and anger. Life satisfaction involves various aspects of well-
being such as mental well-being, physical well-being, spiritual, peace and well-being. It always
begins in the mind and emotions. In this study an attempt was made, to examine the spiritual
intelligence and life satisfaction among students of different courses pursuing B.A. B.Sc. and
B.Com. from Aligarh Muslim University.
The Questionnaires were administered on 150 graduate students (N=150). The purposive random
sampling technique was used to select the students from different departments and colleges of
AMU, Aligarh. The Spiritual intelligence Self-Report Inventory and Life Satisfaction Scale were
administered for the purpose of collecting data. The result of the study was interesting and useful
for further researches and after obtaining the required data the t-test was computed for the
analysis. The result clearly shows that the high spiritual intelligent students have good life
satisfaction than low spiritual intelligent students and female students are more spiritual
intelligent and better life satisfaction then their male counterparts.
About Authors:
Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh



MENTAL HEALTH SURVEY IN DIABETIC WOMEN FROM AN URBAN AREA IN
IRAN

*Shabnam Omidvar **Maryam Tofighi Niaki ***Farzan Kheyrkhah

ABSTRACT

Chronic diseases especially diabetes are globally epidemic and a major public health problem.
Diabetes influences many aspects of health, mental health is one of the most important aspects to
be assessed. Women are a vulnerable group and attention to their health problem is a priority.
Materials and Methods: The 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ28) was used as a
screening tool for the detection of mental disorders. Four hundred female patients with diabetes
mellitus type 2 were evaluated.


Results: The mean age of the participants was 48.80.48 years. Average duration of the
diagnosed diabetes mellitus was 8.90.32 years. 73.7% of the population suffers from mental
disorders, at least in one of the subscales. Social dysfunction had the highest percentage (87.4%)
in study population. The most common and frequent chronic complications were retinopathy
(43.9%) followed by cardiovascular complications (19.9%). There were significant differences
between the number of the diabetes complications and occurrence of mental health disorders in
different subscales.
Conclusion:
The study presented importance and influence of diabetes on occurrence of mental health
disorders.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, mental disorders, women, complications
About Author:
*PhD in Reproductive Health, Assistant Professor, Babol Medical Sciences University, Iran
**Msc in Midwifery, Azad University, Sari branch, Iran
**PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor, Babol Medical Sciences University



A STUDY OF SECURITY-INSECURITY FEELINGS AMONG ADOLESCENCE IN
RELATION TO GENDER AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS

*Shahana Anjum **Asiya Aijaz

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the significance differences in the security-insecurity
scores of adolescent boys and girls belonging to high socio-economic status and low socio-
economic status. There were three objectives of the present study (1) to study the main effect of
gender on the security-insecurity feelings, (2) to study the impact of socio-economic status
on security-insecurity feelings, (3) to examine whether or not there is an interactional effect of
gender and socio-economic status on the security and insecurity feelings, taken as criterion. To
achieve these objectives a 2x2 factorial design in which each variable varying two ways was
used in the present study. There were four groups (namely; male and female, high socio-
economic status and low-economic status) each consisted 100 subjects. Socio-Economic Status
Scale developed by Aggarwal, Bhasin, Sharma, Chhabra, Aggarwal and Rajoura (2005) were
administered on large sample of subjects to form two groups of subjects. Shah Security-
Insecurity Scale (SISS) developed by Beena Shah (2010) was administered on these four groups
of subjects. The data so obtained were tabulated group wise and analysed by analysis of
variance. The result clearly demonstrated thatgirls showed more insecure feelings than boys;
adolescence of low socio-economic status was more insecure than those of the high socio-
economic status. The findings were discussed in the light of existing findings.
About Author:
*Research Scholar Department of Psychology Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
** Associate Professor Department of Psychology Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh





EFFECT OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ON PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT
AND NETWORK ORIENTATION AMONG INDIAN COLLEGE STUDENTS

*Soni Kewalramani **Deepika Verma

ABSTRACT

The use of the internet and especially, the social networking sites, has witnessed a tremendous
increase among the Indians in the recent past, especially in the younger generation. The reason
leading to such a trend among the Indian youth needs to be explored. An interest in identifying
the key factors behind this emerging trend led the researchers to conduct this study. In this
exploratory study, the use of social networking sites was compared to the levels of perceived
social support and network orientation of a sample of 100 college students, on two criteria- time
and purpose of use of social networking sites- and each criterion was then compared to perceived
social support and network orientation levels. The results showed a significant difference on the
perceived social support score with increase in time but the difference was not significant for the
network orientation score. On the basis of purpose of use, the results showed a significant
difference on perceived social support score but a non significant difference on network
orientation. Furthermore, the perceived social support and network orientation scores were
checked for correlation and an inverse correlation was found between the two though not a
significant one. These findings suggest that the time and purpose of use of social networking
affects the perceived social support of college students but does not affect their level of network
orientation.
About Author:
*Senior Lecturer, Amity University, Lucknow Campus



PERCEIVED EXCLUSION INCLUSION HEALTH AND WELL-BEING: A STUDY OF
INDIAN EUNUCH

*Sunil K. Verma

ABSTRACT

Eunuchs are a group of people who are male but dress like females, wearing sari, jewelry and
makeup. In India and Pakistan they are addressed as khuras, Chakkas, Hijara. They are
considered transgendered and inter-sexual, displaying characteristic behaviour. In general their
typical behaviour would be women like. On the basis of biological consideration, eunuchs are
referred to as a somatic condition in which the hermaphroditic person is supposed to posses both
masculine and feminine traits. Nanda (1999) tried to understand how the eunuchs define
themselves and found that the Eunuchs define themselves as neither male nor female.
This paper reports experiences of eunuch who constitute a marginalized status in society. The
way they perceive and rate social process and their social status (Stigmatization, Dehumanization
and Identity) were assessed. In addition, they reported Well-being, Attribution of their present
status and Coping. A total number of 48 eunuchs were contacted and interviewed using a


questionnaire. The results show that eunuchs experienced high level of stigmatization,
Dehumanization, Identity (personal as well as own group), and poor well-being particularly on
psychological health. Results also show that Eunuchs are high on approximately all dimensions
of coping and Attribution. How these psychological phenomena functions in particular group
discuss in detail in the paper.
About Author:
Asst. Professor, Vivekananda College, University of Delhi



INTEGRATED SCIENCE OF CONSCIOUSNESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF
DEPRESSION: HEALING CHAKRA ENERGY LEVEL

*Ashima Srivastava **Tanuja Shrivastava


ABSTRACT

Consciousness is the seed of all creation and is a multifaceted puzzle. Consciousness involves
thought, sensation, perceptions, moods, emotions, dreams and an awareness of self. Self
consciousness is associated with the mind and higher consciousness experience is beyond the
realms of mind and can only be experienced by the spirit. The third eye (pineal gland) is a portal
though which consciousness can be expanded though focussed attention or meditation.
Consciousness at every step involves increase of knowledge, intelligence, power, perception and
wisdom. In everyday consciousness, the attention current is out worldly disposed, though
meditation. Consciousness is beyond body, mind and experiences and is mystical. The normal
constant flow of energy among the body mind and spirit is disrupted due to any genetic
biochemical, environmental, psychosocial or economic factors which may result of symptoms of
moods disorder. The present study is a model of bio psychosocial view for the treatment of
depression patient research and practice that include the emotional pain of the patients. Healing
technique was used as a therapy for six month of intervention. The modern research shows that
the quality of consciousness depends on the quality of the brain. All mind power comes from the
brain that is developed to its highest potential. The human body has seven chakras are
dimentional portals within the subtle bodies which take in a process energy of a higher
vibrational nature so that it may be properly assimilated and use to transform the physical body.
Each chakra has 'seed sound', these seed sounds are the symbolic representations of the energy
pattern of each chakra and hold its essence. In the end of the study, psychological discussion of
healing technique with pre and post design were used and found that high scored depression
patient were relaxed and having peace or calm state of mind and after six month of intervention
plan , patients lived normal life with positive result.

Keyword: Consciousness, Depression, chakra energy
About Authors:


LOCALE AND GENDER AS DETERMINANTS OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
AMONG ADOLESCENTS



*Payal Jain **Tejpreet Kaur Kang

ABSTRACT

Emotional intelligence is the ability to monitor ones own and others feelings and emotions to
discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide ones thinking and action. People
who have a control over their life can manage and know their feelings well and read and deal
effectively with other peoples feelings. While the people who cannot have control over their
emotional life fight inner battles that sabotage their ability to focus on work and think clearly. In
the present investigation an attempt has been made to study the relationship of locale and gender
as determinants of emotional intelligence among adolescents. The study was conducted on 200
adolescents (100 boys and 100 girls) in the age range of 14-16 years residing in the rural and
urban areas of Ludhiana Emotional Intelligence Scale by Thyde et al (2002) was used to asses
the emotional intelligence (EQ) of the adolescents. The scale had 34 statements under 10
dimensions of emotional intelligence i.e. self awareness, empathy, self motivation, emotional
stability, managing relations, integrity, self development, value orientation, commitment and
altruistic behaviour. Data were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. Results revealed
significant gender differences in emotional intelligence among adolescents with major proportion
of male respondents having high level of emotional intelligence as compared to their female
counterparts. Significant locale differences in emotional intelligence of rural and urban
respondents were found with major proportion of rural respondents having high level of
emotional intelligence as compared to urban respondents.
About Author:
*M.Sc student **Associate Professor, Department of Human Development, College of Home Science,
P.A.U. Ludhiana.



POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG
YOUNG ADULTS

*Tushar Singh **AninditaGhosh ***Shalini Mittal

ABSTRACT

There a large body of literature to show that despite being a modern invention which has
introduced radical change in the way information is available to people allowing quick execution
of work; Internet has some harmful effects as well. Though internet has drastically changed the
ways in which people interact with each other through social networks on the internet, researches
show that teenager are spending most of their time online resulting in a significant decrease in
their relating relationship with their physical world. However, few latest researches have shown
that under certain conditions use of social networking sites may have some positive effects as
well. Thus the present study was planned to explore the effects of excessive internet use among
young adults on their personal, social and academic experiences. It was assumed that long hours
spent on working online would lead to creation of barriers in social relationships and decreased
efficiency in work due to loss of time in surfing the net and use of less personal techniques of
socialisation. Sixty (30 High internet users and 30 low internet users) young adults within the age


range of 19 to 25 years were administered a general information schedule designed to access
their demographic details, and hours and quality of internet use. They were then administered
theInternet Use Questionnaire, Internet Addiction Test, Social Support Scale, Beck Depression
Inventory, Positive and Negative Affect Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale, and adjustment scale.
They were also asked to report their academic performance in previous semesters. Results of the
study show significant differences between the high and low internet users on almost all the
personal and social variables. However the high internet users were found to have better
academic performance than their low internet users which shows some positive effects of higher
internet use. The results have been discussed in relation to the existing literature on internet
addiction.
About Authors:
*&**&***Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India




STRESS AND WELL-BEING: CONCOMMITENTS OF HIERARCHY AND
PERSONAL DISPOSITION

*V. N. Yadav **Suraj Mal ***Davender ****Pratibha *****Annu Kumari,

ABSTRACT

Present study was intended to explore the role of organizational hierarchy and personality
disposition in stress and well-being among military personals. The sample of the study consisted
of 120 army personnel- 40 Officers, 40 Junior Commissioned Officers, and 40 Jawans. They
were selected from 18 Mechanized Infantry, 33 Armed Division, 4 Guard units. They were also
further categorized into high and low type D personality on the basis of DS-14 measure.
Furthermore, they were tested on stress scale and wellbeing measure. Data reveals that
organizational hierarchy had significant effect on general well-being of army personnel. The
officials (JCOs) working at middle level in the organizational hierarchy have had better well-
being compared to both officers and jawans. Top level officials and jawans were found to have
higher stress compared to middle officials. It was also observed that distressed personality had
significant bearing on stress score and GHQ score which mean that people with distressed
personality felt more stress and exhibited poor well-being. These findings were discussed in the
light of recent literature on DS-14 and fertile grounds were also highlighted for further probe.

Keywords: Stress, well-being, personal disposition, organizational hierarchy.
About Authors:
*Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Govt. P. G. College Bhiwani
**Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Vaish Coellge, Bhiwani
***Research Scholar, Department of Applied Psychology GJUS&T Hisar.
****Student, Regional Institute of Education (NCERT), Ajmer
*****Student, Department of Psychology, Govt. P. G. College Bhiwani





CAREER DECISION-MAKING OF ADOLESCENTS IN RELATION TO THEIR
FAMILY ENVIRONMENT

*Vandana Sharma

ABSTRACT

The present study was attempted to find the relationship between career decision-making and
family environment among adolescents. For the study, 300 adolescents studying in class XI were
drawn from Government Model Senior Secondary Schools of Chandigarh by employing
stratified random sampling. For the collection of data Career Decision-Making Inventory
(CDMI; Singh, 1999) and Family Environment Scale (FES; Vohra, 1997) were administered to
adolescents. Correlation analysis showed that career decidedness was significantly and positively
correlated with cohesion, expressiveness, independence and recreational orientation dimensions
of family environment. Career indecision was significantly and negatively correlated with
cohesion, expressiveness, independence, organization and recreational orientation dimensions of
family environment. No significant gender difference was observed on the variables of career
decision-making (career decidedness and career indecision). Boys and girls significantly differed
only on organization dimension except all other dimensions of family environment. Regression
analysis showed that cohesion and expressiveness dimensions of family environment contributed
to career decidedness independently as well as conjointly. This indicated that adolescents having
families high on cohesion and expressiveness were high on career decidedness. In case of career
indecision, the predictors were expressiveness, organization and independence which contributed
to career indecision independently as well as conjointly. This demonstrated that adolescents
having families high on expressiveness, organization and independence were low on career
indecision. Results of the present study demonstrated that congenial family environment is
necessary for the overall development of adolescents.
Key words: Career, decision-making, career decidedness, career indecision, and family
environment.
About Author:
*Research Scholar (SRF), Department of Education, P. U. Chandigarh



KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS OF HIV/AIDS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE
STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY

*Swaran Lata **Varsha Singh

ABSTRACT

HIV/AIDS is the global health problem. India has the worlds third largest population (estimated
20.89 lakh people) living with HIV/AIDS. The aim of the present study is to investigate the
knowledge and awareness of HIV/AIDS among undergraduate students of the university. The
sample consisted of 200 students (100 Boys and 100 Girls) of different faculties of the
university. AIDS awareness questionnaire made by Dr.Madhu Asthana was used for data
collection. Significant difference was found in the level of awareness and knowledge about


HIV/AIDS among the students of different faculties of the university. Significant gender
difference was also observed in the level of awareness and knowledge about HIV/AIDS.
About Authors:
*
Assistant Professor, Psychology Department, Faculty of Social Sciences, Banaras Hindu University,
Varanasi-221005, U.P., India.
**Research scholar, Psychology Department, Faculty of Social Sciences, Banaras Hindu University,
Varanasi-221005, U.P., India,


COMBATING EDUCATIONAL STRESS IN ADOLESCENTS: THE MIRACULOUS
ROLE OF CHANTING MANTRAS

*Anita Sharma **Reetudhwaj Singh

ABSTRACT

Educational Stress is a problem for many adolescents in our society posing serious threat to
significant mental problems and poor performance. Using a repeated measure design, the
participants educational stress and impact of chanting mantras was explored. An ANOVA of the
order of 2x2x(2) with repeated measure was employed in the present research to gauge the effect
of chanting mantras if any between the control group and the experimental group in the two
genders from pre to post test on different domains of educational stress. The sample consisted of
200 adolescents (100 males, 100 females) from senior secondary schools of Shimla district of
H.P. between the ages of 14 to 17 years and was administered the educational stress scale (Sun,
Dunne, Hou & Xu, 2011).The criterion of +1/2SD was employed for selecting the adolescents
higher on educational stress.The main findings are: 1) The main effects of group and treatment
have turned out to be significant at .01 level; 2) the interaction effects of treatment x group and
treatment x gender have also yielded significant F ratios thereby revealing the significant impact
of chanting mantras in combating the stress of the adolescents.
Key words: Educational stress, adolescents, chanting ma
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla.



EFFECT OF YOGIC INTERVENTIONS ON THE PHYSICAL FITNESS IN TERMS OF
FLEXIBILITY AND ENDURANCE AND ITS RESULTANT EFFECT ON THE
ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

*Anita Sharma **Rakesh Parihar**Jyoti Sharma

ABSTRACT

This experimental research examined the effects of yogic exercises programme on the
physical fitness in terms of flexibility and endurance and their resultant effect on the academic
achievement of high school students. A representative sample of 200 students (100 males and
100 females) of high school level was drawn randomly from two high schools and were further


divided into two groups i.e. experimental and control group each consisting of equal number of
males and females. Yogic exercises were given to the experimental group for a period of three
months. The control group was not exposed to the yogic training. A factorial design of 2x2x(2)
with repeated measure on the last factor was employed to see the significance of difference
between different means of experimental and control group in both the genders. Results indicated
that flexibility and endurance was improved significantly and thereby improved the academic
performance of the students significantly for the experimental group irrespective of gender. The
study has important implications for school students for employing yogic exercises in their
school curriculum.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla.
** Clinical Psychologist, R.H. Keylong, Lahaul and Spiti, H.P.
*** Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla.



IMPACT OF SPIRITUALITY ON MENTAL HEALTH: A REVIEW

*Anita Sharma **Virender Singh ***Vikas Sood ****Asha

ABSTRACT

The world is broken into fragments .Humanity is wounded and bleeding! Ethnic quarrels,
communal riots, terrorism, Environmental pollution and threats of war create tension in the lives
of people. Who is responsible for this? This is the cause of waywardness of human mind. Human
mind is a rare gift of God with immense, immeasurable power of unlimited supreme energy,
although, in the humdrum of daily living we forget how useful it can prove. Mind can be defined
as the flow of thoughts. Hence comprised of thoughts, the type and texture of mind possessed by
us is directly proportional to the texture of thoughts flowing in our bosom. All visible variations
that we perceive in the world around us are the outcome of thought-level gradation or mental-
level distinctions .The nature of our mind can be evaporated and sublimated by the blazing
flames of the fire of spirituality which can help us to being honest ,stay focused, relax with
peaceful state of mind and over all sound mental health.

Key words: spirituality, mental health.
About Author:
*Asst t . Professor, **&***&****Resear ch Schol ar s, Depar t ment of Psychol ogy, Hi machal
Pr adesh Uni ver si t y, Shi ml a -5




RESILIENCE TO STRESS: IMPACT OF WELL-BEING

*Ani t a Shar ma **Deepi ka Bal i ***Ki ran Kumari

ABSTRACT



How crucial is the role of well -being on resi liency to st ress in both t he genders
is the mai n obj ective of the present st udy. To achi eve this obj ective, initi all y, a
sample of 400 universit y st udents from H. P. uni versit y was sel ected, whi ch were
then divi ded int o two equal groups i. e. l ow and hi gh on well -being by using t he
formul a mean SD, having the fi nal sampl e of 200 subjects with equal
number of mal es and femal es. The mai n effects were gauged through ANOVA.
The results reveal ed that (i ) Hi gh well -bei ng group have shown si gnifi cantl y
hi gher resili ence to stress as compared t o its count erpart i. e. , low well -being
group. (ii ) Males have shown si gnifi cantl y hi gher resili ence t o stress than
femal es on the dimension of necessit ati ng. (i ii) Int eracti on effect of well -being
and gender has al so turned out be si gni fi cant on defi ciency focusing dimension
of resili ence t o st ress.

KEY WORDS: Resili ence to st ress, Well -bei ng and Gender
About Authors:
*Asst t . Professor **&*** Research Schol ars, Depart ment of Psychol ogy,
Hi machal Pradesh Uni versi t y, Shi ml a -5


COMPARISON OF DANGEROUS DRIVING AMONG PRIVATE SECTOR AND
PUBLIC SECTOR (KSRTC) BUS DRIVERS

*Vishnu Digambher **Seena M. Mathai

ABSTRACT

A drivers activities require the involvement of a variety of skills involving coordination their
cognitive, physical and emotional capabilities continuously. It is not uncommon that the drivers
actively engage in aggressive driving. Aggressive driving behaviors may influence other road
users negatively. This study intends to compare the dangerous driving of private bus drivers and
government sector drivers in Ernakulam district, Kerala. The sample for the study includes 30
government and 30 private bus drivers who drive during day time. The tool used was the Dula
Dangerous Driving Index by Dula & Ballard (2003), translated to Malayalam was used for the
study. The results indicated that dangerous driving is significantly high among private bus
drivers than government sector drivers. The results imply that efforts must be taken to identify
the root causes of dangerous driving have to be researched and interventions to reduce it has to
be implemented while recruiting drivers.
About Authors:
*Final year B.Sc. Psychology and **Asst. professor, Dept. of Psychology, U C College, Aluva, Kerala.



RESILIENCE AND OPTIMISM AMONG SPORTS AND NON-SPORTS STUDENTS

*Nimin Elizabeth Philip **Seena M. Mathai



ABSTRACT

Optimism is a mental attitude or world view that interprets situations and events as being best.
Resilience is an individual tendency to cope with stress and adversities .an optimistic individual
would show a higher probability of being more resilient toward life situations and adversities.
The data was collected from 80 individuals in Ernakulam district. Out of which 40 are males and
40 females. 40 of them are belong sports individuals and 40 of them are non-sport individuals.
The scale used was Life Orientation Test Revised (LOT-R) byscheier, Carver and Bridges
(1994)and brief resilience scale bySmith etal. (2008).The obtained results showed that the
individuals in sports have significantly higher levels of resilience and optimism when compared
to non-sports individuals.Resilience is also found to have a significant positive relationship with
Optimism. The results imply that the individuals who belong to sports have a higher or better
ability to bounce back from adverse situations and they have a better positive outlook toward the
future.
Keywords: Optimism, Resilience
About Authors:
*M.Sc Psychology and **Asst. Professor, Dept. of Psychology, U.C. College, Aluva



EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND HOPE AMONG SPORTS AND NON-SPORTS
STUDENTS

*RiyaRafeekh**Seena M.Mathai

ABSTRACT

The ability to identify, assess and control the emotions of oneself and others is a very important
component in life. Hope promotes the desire of positive outcomes related to events and
circumstances in ones life or in the world at large. Emotional intelligence and hope help a
person reverse the damages of various setbacks in life.This study tried to identify whether there
is any significant difference in the levels of hope and Emotional intelligence between sports and
non-sports students. The data was collected from 80students in Ernakulam district, out of which
40 are males and 40 females. 40 of them are sports students and 40 are non-sports students. The
scale used was Emotional Intelligence by RajithaMenon&JayashreeAcharya (2007) for Sports
students and brief resilience scale by Smith etal. (2008).. The obtained results showed that
females have significantly higher levels of empathy among the dimensions of emotional
intelligence when compared to males and also pathway thinking, agency thinking and resilience
was found to be high among sports students. The result also a significant positive relationship
between all dimensions of emotional intelligence with resilience. The results imply that sport
performance enhances positive psychological capital among students.

Keywords: Emotional intelligence, Hope
About Authors:
*M.Sc Psychology and**Asst. Professor, Dept. of Psychology, U.C. College, Aluva, Kerala





IMPACT OF CHILD ABUSE ON SELF CONCEPT AND ADJUSTMENT OF COLLEGE
STUDENTS

*Mihika Manchanda *Anuradha Sharma

ABSTRACT

Shukis wisdom: "Sometimes things happen, and the only choice you have is to accept it, and
learn to make a life anyway. M.A. McRae
Child abuse carries undeniable marks of pain but the deep invisible scars on the childs soul may
be much more detrimental in the long run. Abuse has a rippling effect in an individuals life and
is seen to continue throughout the long journey. Despite the presence and growth of such a
hideous crime, the area is overlooked as it is hard to articulate. One wants to remain in the
comfortable myths to convince themselves that they are not the potential victims and thus
consigning actual victims to the most agonizing isolation a human can know.
Objectives
This study was aimed to investigate the impact of child abuse on the self concept and adjustment
of college students also assessing the gender differences with regard to the impact. It also seeks
to demystify child abuse in making an effort to help individuals to stop shrouding it in secrecy
and see it for what it is.
Method
The present research aims to study the impact of child abuse and gender on the self concept and
adjustment of college students. The sample size was 80 university students 40 who had
experienced child abuse( 20 males, 20 females) and 40 who had not experienced any form of
child abuse( 20 males, 20 females) . The purpose was fulfilled by using Child Abuse
Questionnaire, Self Concept Questionnaire and Adjustment Inventory for College Students.
Results & Discussion
The impact of child abuse on self concept and adjustment was seen significant in both males and
females as those who had experienced child abuse showed a lower self concept and poor
adjustment than individuals who had no such adverse experience. Gender was also seen to
moderate the impact of child abuse on self concept and adjustment of college students. The
impact of child abuse on was higher on the self concept of males who faced abuse than females
who experienced abuse. The impact of child abuse was higher on the adjustment of males who
faced abuse than females who experienced abuse.
Conclusion
The study provides an opportunity for further research across age and other variables that could
be related with it and to uncover some possible interventions that should be used to address these
difficulties and the underlying root of the problem.

Key Words: adjustment, child abuse, gender, self concept
About Author:
*mihikaorama@gmail.com**Anuradha Sharma-asharma8@amity.edu
***dranzneel@gmail.com- mobile 9873814077





EFFECT OF PERSONALITY TRAITS AND ANXIETY ON THE VOCATIONAL
INTEREST OF THE STUDENTS

* Afsana Parveeen ** Anis Jahan

ABSTRACT

The present study aims to study the effect of personality traits (introversion-extroversion) and
anxiety on the vocational interest of class 8
th
students. The sample of the study consisted of 100
students (50 male and 50 female) selected randomly from different Schools. Personality
Inventory developed by Dr. Yashvir Singh and Dr. Har Mohan Singh was used to know the
personality of the students. Sinhas Comprehensive Anxiety Test (SCAT) was used to measure
the anxiety level of the students and Vocational Interest Record developed by Dr. S.P.
Kulshreshtha was administered to know the vocational interest of the students. The data was
analyzed statistically by employing correlation and regression. The study revealed that there is a
positive correlation between introversion and anxiety on the other hand there exists a negative
correlation between extroversion and anxiety. It was found that extroverted students are
interested in social, executive, arts, and commercial area while introverted students was found to
be interested in literary, scientific, constructive area etc.

Key Words: Personality traits, Anxiety and vocational interest.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Department of Education, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. India.
**Associate Professor, Department of Education, Aligarh Muslim University,Aligarh. India.



PERCEIVED MATERNAL BONDING AND ITS IMPACT ON PSYCHOSOCIAL
FUNCTIONING OF YOUNG ADULT FEMALES: A PILOT STUDY

*M. Ragahvi, **Akriti Sharma, ***Manjit Sidhu

ABSTRACT

Objective: To examine the impact of perceived maternal bonding and its impact on anxiety,
depression, stress and self esteem indices in early adulthood.
Method: Ninety females aged 17 to 22 years studying in undergraduate classes, completed the
Parental Bonding Instrument (Parker et al., 1979) for their mothers. Four groups of parental
bonding quadrants were identified: affectionate constraint, affectionless control, optimal
parenting and neglectful parenting. In addition, the participants completed the Depression,
Anxiety and Stress Scale (Lovibond and Lovibond, 1995) and the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale
(Rosenberg, 1965).
Results: Affectionate constraint, affectionless control, optimal parenting and neglectful type of
parenting for mothers was reported by 21%, 18%, 42% and 19%, respectively.Significant
differences emerged between these four groups on several psychosocial outcome measures.
Daughters of neglectful mothers had the highest scores on depression (F = 2.921, P = .039) and


lowest scores on self esteem (F = 3.50, P = .019), while daughters of affectionless control
mothers reported the highest scores on stress (F = 2.80, P = .045).
Conclusion: There is an urgent need for public health initiatives that encourage parents to stay
connected with their adolescents and focus on attachment, and conflict negotiation.
About Authors:
*&**& *** MCM DAV College for Women, Sector 36, Chandigarh, India-
akritisharma11@gmail.com


PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS AND WELL BEING OF PRIESTS: AN ANALYTICAL
STUDY

*Albin Eldhose **Vidhya Ravindrandan

ABSTRACT

Personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems
that determine his characteristic behavior and thought. Personality is found to be predictive of
life satisfaction, happiness, and positive affect, but less predictive of negative affect. Early
experiences, education, personality of people with whom one associates all influence change and
development of personality. The priest is one of the seven soul types or roles in essence. In life,
priests seek to serve by being a source of inspiration to others. The tool used in this study is IAS
Rating scale for measuring personality dimensions, proposed by Dr. V .George Mathew in 1995.
The instrument measures three broad behavioral tendencies: Inertia, Activation and Stability,
which are mutually exclusive. The present study intents to analyze the personality dimension of
priests and non-priests. The sample consists of 30 priests and 30 non priests from Ernakulam
district in the age group 35-55. Analysis was done using SPSS 16 version. The results showed
that there is no significant difference between priests and non-priests on personality dimension.
About Authors:
*&** U.C.College, Aluva, Kerla



INSTITUTIONAL CARE: A STUDY OF ELDERLY IN OLD AGE HOME

*Amrit kaur **Sukhpreet Kaur

ABSTRACT

The human life span is a cycle of circumstances where each individual passes through the stage
of infancy, childhood, adolescents, youth, middle age and finally old age. Older persons
constitute one of the most vulnerable sections of the society. They are not only physically weak
but, also lack economic resources, self esteem and social status. There physical and emotional
capacities decelerate with advancing age and as a result they can no longer taken care of their
own needs. India like many other developing countries in the world is witnessing the rapid aging
of its population. At the dawn of twenty first century urbanization, modernization and
globalization have led to change in the economic structure, the erosion of societal values,


weakening of social values, and social institutions such as the joint family. Old age constitutes
one of the major challenges confronted by the societies in the present century. Under the
changing socio-economic, demographic conditions and host of other reasons family is unable to
provide support and care to the older persons. These rapid changes effect the relations of the
elderly parents and their married children to a greater extent. Many older persons find living with
their adult children to be more difficult than living alone and many do not have a choice and
have to live separately from their adult children. In these circumstances old age homes seems to
be the immediate choice for the older persons.
Institutional support for the older persons in the form of old age homes is it western concept. But
over a period of time institutional care for elderly people has also become a cultural part of India
society. There are number of old age homes in Chandigarh. We took two old age homes in
Chandigarh for the present study i.e. sector 30 and sector 15. The data was collected using a
specially designed Interview schedule. We tried to find out the institutional arrangement and the
facilities being provided by the old age home, various factors responsible for elderly in old age
home and to study the socio-economic background of the inmates residing there.
About Authors:
*Assistant professor,PGGCG Sector 42, Chandigarh
**Psychiatric Social Worker Civil Hospital, Mohali Chandigarh


A STUDY OF PERSONALITY AND ATTITUDE AMONG MALE COLLEGE
LECTURERS

*Anchal Sharma

ABSTRACT

Being a teacher comes with a responsibility to give not only knowledge about the books but also
passing on the moral and ethical values to students. A lecturer can do justice to the profession if
his or her attitude and personality permits for same. The present investigation aims to study
personality and attitudes among male college lecturers. For which below mentioned tools are
used to carry out this study on 30 permanent male lectures belonging to the urban background
and aging from 30-50 years with experience of 5-25 years in the job of teaching. The scales
which are used to carry out the study involve- The General Self Efficacy Scale, Job Related
Affective Well Being Scale, Mach 4, Organizational Citizenship Behavior Checklist, OCEAN
and Work Locus of Control. Correlation is used as a statistical tool. The results obtained will be
further discussed in the form of the poster.
About Author:
*Department of psychology, DAVC, Chd


MENTAL HEALTH OF HOMEMAKERS AND CAREER WOMEN HAVING MALE
AND FEMALE OFFSPRING

*Saba Firdos **Sheema Aleem


ABSTRACT



The concept of gender can be defined by the characteristics, competency and likely behaviours
of both women and men. Due to norms of communities and culture along with the economical
significance sons are valued more than daughters in many countries including India. Sex
composition of offspring has been recognized as one of prominent factor which is affecting the
mental health of women.On the importance of mental health of women, the present study was
designed to assess mental health of homemakers and career women having male offspring only,
female offspring only and offspring of both sexes. For the purpose of the study mental health
inventory developed by Jagdish and Srivastava (1983) was used to assess the mental health with
6 major categories: Positive self evaluation, Perception of reality, Integration of personality,
Autonomy, Group oriented attitudes and Environmental mastery. Findings reported that main
effect of women were found significant on integration of personality and main effect of
offsprings were significant on the dimension of environmental mastery however interactional
effect was found significant only on overall mental health.

Key Words: Home Makers,Career Women, Off-spring, Mental Health.
Authors Address:
*Research Assistant & **Assistant Professor
Centre for Early Childhood Development & Research Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi

& Deptt. Of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi



GERIATRIC PSYCHOLOGY: AN INSPIRATION FOR ELDERLY

*Anil V.

ABSTRACT


Culture involves sharing values, traditions and lifestyles within a group or community. In India,
it used to be common for couples to have large families in order to ensure care of the elderly.
From ancient times, we had people engaging in many traditional practices at home and outside.
These would include folk traditions like singing, story reciting, dancing, agricultural practices or
house hold work etc.
Changes in the culture through the influence of westernisation and globalisation, younger
generation being busier with their works and new lifestyle; gaps in the relationships between the
elderly people and their support group are created. This is affecting the physical, emotional,
mental and social well being of older adults.
For the care of elderly people and inspiring them, we can take a step to work on
certain areas
Dance, song and drama makes body fit
Social dancing and singing increases the feeling of generativity and reduces feeling of
loneliness,
Drama or theatre techniques can be used to help them experience all the developmental ages and
understand different layers of consciousness.
Yoga and meditation helps in gaining and maintaining physical, mental and emotional well
being. Reduces the risks of old age problems like dementia, anxiety, depression etc


About Authors:
*2
nd
year student, MSc. Psychological counselling, MontFort College, Bangalore


SPIRITUALISM VS RELIGION AS BUFFER TO ANXIETY

*Anita Menon

ABSTRACT

Religiosity" was used in ways that were indistinguishable from what we now call "spiritually".
Now, the term "religion" is increasingly used by scholars in the narrow or even pejorative sense
of institutionally based dogma, rituals and traditions, nevertheless, the eminent researcher on
religious coping, Pargament (1997) , after reviewing the various ways of defining and describing
religion, argues for a broader definition of religion as "The search for significance in ways
related to the sacred," encompassing both the personal and social, traditional and non-traditional
forms of the religious search. Pargament (1997) uses the term, "spirituality" to describe what he
calls the central function of religion--the search for the sacred. The practice of a religion may be
an invaluable aid to the spiritual journey or it can become an idolatrous substitute for spirituality.
Spirituality divorced from religion would be practical if we were totally spiritual beings, but we
are not. A large body of research has shown that the practice of a religion is usually associated
with a variety of favourable health outcomes. Research has found that whether ones religious
orientation is intrinsic or extrinsic, it may be a key factor in determining whether or not
religiousness has a positive or negative effect on anxiety. What can be shown is that religion
provides a powerful source of comfort and hope for many who are mentally ill.
About Author:
*Khalsa College of Education, Ranjit Avenue, AmritsarE-mail: ani69menon@gmail.com



MEDITATION AND YOGA: THE ALTERNATIVE THERAPY FOR EATING
DISORDERS

*Anita Moral **Kavita Saran

ABSTRACT

Eating disorders are conditions defined by abnormal eating habits that may involve either
insufficient or excessive food intake and characterized by an abnormal attitude towards food that
causes someone to change their eating habits and behavior. Bulimia Nervosa and Anorexia
Nervosa are the most common specific forms of eating disorders. Other types of eating disorders
include binge eating disorder and eating disorder otherwise specified. Although eating disorders
are increasing all over the world among both men and women, but evidential studies suggest that
women worldwide are at the highest risk of developing them. Various studies suggest that there
are some possible causes that have been linked with these disorders: ADHD Disorder, Anxiety
and Personality Disorder as well as the genetic and cognitive factors are also responsible.
Treatment lines differ according to symptoms and severity of the problem. But some certain


practices are followed generally like cognitive behavior therapy, behavior therapy, medication,
recreational therapy music therapy and so forth.
Studies suggested that meditation and yoga are very effective techniques are being practiced by
the experts, therapist and clinicians to successfully overcome from the symptoms. Present paper
is an effort to review precisely the effects of meditation and yoga practices on the symptoms of
eating disorders.
Key words: Eating Disorders, Meditation, Therapies and Yoga
About Authors:
* Assistant Professor Department of Psychology, Sri Varshney (PG) College, Aligarh (UP)
** Student (PG) Department of Food Science, CCS College (Campus) Meerut



DEPRESSION AND LONELINESS AMONG THE INDIAN SEAFARERS

*Ankita

ABSTRACT

Seafaring is a profession, in which merchant navy employees stay away from homes for months
on a ship travelling across the world. The sample size is 30 and is being done on Indian seafarers
(2
nd
officers) from age range between 25 -30. This paper has reviewed the main publications on
two major factors faced by mariners i.e. Depression and loneliness for which two tests are used
i.e. Becks Depression Inventory (BDI) given by Aaron T. Beck in 1978 and for loneliness
University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA L-S) given by Russell, D. in
1996. Data was collected from all over India by mailing them the questionnaires. Depression and
loneliness have been documented as more among these officers due to working conditions,
staying away from rest of the world in deep seas. The study had analysed that the merchant navy
officers are high on depression and high on loneliness as comparative to the employees of other
profession who work on land and stay with families and friends. For this purpose a study is done
on merchant navy officers and ashore workers of other professions and tests have been applied
were then compared by testing the hypotheses by taking out means and using t-ratio.
About Author:
* PhD research scholar, Panjab University, Chandigarh




SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING: A STEP TOWARDS GROWTH

*Anu H. Gupta

ABSTRACT

Village women of Punjab always keep them busy in one or another activity. The concept of vele
baithna (sitting idle) is not in their dictionary. After completing their routine house hold chores
many of these women are involved in income generating activities like knitting, embroidery,


papad making, pickle making etc. But all of them are not encouraged by their family members
specially husbands to move out of their homes and get involved in income generating activities.
The present study has been conducted in various villages of Punjab where in-depth interviews
with the women were undertaken. Those who have got affirmative psychological and social
support from the family members have grown over the years. This support has taken these
women from being mere an artisan to a functionary of middle women to a head of a society
where they become self-sufficient, have an identity and are contributing in their family income.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, University Institute of Fashion Technology & Vocational Development, Panjab
University, Chandigarh



ROLE OF SOCIAL NEUROSCIENCE IN PROMOTING MENTAL HEALTH

*Anuradha Sekhri

ABSTRACT

Social neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field devoted to understanding how biological
systems implement social processes and behavior, and to using biological concepts and methods
to inform and refine theories of social processes and behavior. Social interactions and
relationships have a fundamental role in both the development and treatment of human physical
and mental diseases.Social neuroscience has emerged since the early 1990s as an
interdisciplinary eld devoted to understanding how biological systems implement social
processes and behavior. Concurrent with 20th century advances in learning from the brain
sciences and neuroscience, there has been an evolution of ideas about the social determinants of
mental health and mental disorders. At the beginning of the 21st century, we have returned to a
position of widespread enthusiasm about our genetic endowment and the social shaping of its
expression. Mental health for each person is affected by individual factors and experiences,
social interaction, societal structures and resources, and cultural values. It is influenced by
experiences in everyday life, in families and schools, on streets, and at work. An immediate
challenge for societys leaders is to create or refine the social structures and processes and to
mobilize resources to promote mental health.
About Author:
*Senior Research Fellow, Department of Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh



VALUE PREFFERENCES AND WELL BEING AMONG POLICE PERSONNELS: A
STUDY IN INDIAN CONTEXT

*Anuradha **Mohit Verma ***Priyanka Tamuly ****Neha Tripathi

ABSTRACT



The present research work examines the role of values preference on well-being of police
personnel. Value means actions, behaviour, and attitude that preference in a given situations and
wellbeing is about the condition of an individual of a group for ex -: social, economy and
psychological. By this research we can measure power, hedonism, altruistic, affiliation,
commerce and aesthetics about the officers. This research paper deal the following issues-: what
is the value orientation of police personal today? Have such value orientation among police
officers change over time? Is there consensus on value among officers? What is the relationship
between value orientation and well being among police personal? The sample (n= 160) was
drawn from Delhi and NCR. The values and well being were assessed with the help of the
standardized measures. The results showed that values were differentially influenced by the
contextual factors. The distribution of values seems to be polarized reflecting the role of
immediate life circumstances. In fact Delhi and Gorakhpur offer two kinds of sub cultures which
are structured in the direction of individualistic and collectivistic orientations respectively. It
seems that with advancing age Indians move toward a balance between individualistic and
collectivistic values. The aim of the study is to comprehend the subjective experiences police
personnel and the role of personal and organizational factors influencing wellbeing of the police
personal. This paper tries to see the wellbeing of police personnel and the role of personal factor:
values (personal vs. Social; protection vs. Growth) and personality; organizational factor:
organizational culture,. 160 police personnel were interviewed on values preferences,
personality, organization culture and wellbeing. The major findings of the study were overall
police personnel had moderate level of wellbeing. Furthermore who had personality traits
agreeableness, Conscientiousness; and social and protection oriented values they have better well
being. Apart from these citizen cooperation and citizen cohesion is the significantly related with
wellbeing. Means social oriented police personal have better wellbeing
Key words -: value preference, wellbeing, personality, organization culture
About Authors:
*&**&***&**** Students, Sri Aurobindo College (Evening), Delhi University, New Delhi



MENTAL HEALTH OF GOVERNMENT SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
IN RELATION TO SOCIO- ECONOMIC STATUS

*Anurag Sankhian

ABSTRACT

Mental health stands for the health of mind and its functioning. Mental health is also considered
as a process of adjustment, human self realization, self satisfaction and fully successful
existence. A mentally healthy person is able to understand every new situation to adapt to it or
the person can take the situation adapt to him. Positive mental health is considered as a process,
not a static quality in the possession of any one. Socio-economic status is based on family
income, parental education level, parental occupation and social status in the community.
Families with high socio-economic status often have more success n preparing their young
children for life due to having aces to a wide range of resources. The present study focused upon
the mental health of government senior secondary school students of Chandigarh in relation to
their socio-economic status. The results of the study show no significant difference between boys


and girls with respect of mental health. The study found significant relationship between mental
health of boys and girls in relation to their socio-economic status. The study concludes that
socio- economic status is one of the most important factors which contributes towards mental
health of the students and has direct impact on well being of the students.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, Government College of Education, Sector 20 D, Chandigarh.





A STUDY ON SUBSTANCE ABUSE IN COLLEGE STUDENTS IN THE LIGHT OF
FAMILY, ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY: A PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY

*Aparna Gakhar **Sania girdhar

ABSTARCT

Substance abuse has drawn a lot of scientific and public attention in the past and still remains a
major problem on a gloabal level. A study was conducted on 60 college students (n=60), out of
which 30 students were girls and other 30 were boys and stratified random sampling was used.
Nondirective approach of data collection was used through questionnaires. Thestudy concluded
that college students are more prone to engaging in substance abuse and addictive behaviors.
Henceforth, the research hypothesis was accepted and null hypothesis is not accepted.
About Author:
*B.A.(H) Applied Psychology ( Final Year), Sri Aurobindo College, New Delhi
University of Delhi
**Masters in psychology, Jesus&Mary college study center-0713, delhi- 110017
Indira Gandhi National Open University,Delhi, India




MENTAL WELL BEING AS A DETERMINANT OF ADJUSTMENT AMONG POLICE
SECURITY PERSONNEL

Arbaaz Mushtaq* M.Shafiq**

ABSTRACT

Addressing the Conference of Directors General and Inspectors General of Police on 25
th
August
2010 in New Delhi, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh pointing out that policing in India has
become increasingly complex over the years. Dr. Singh said that social tensions, religious
disputes, growing economic disparities and regional, linguistic and ethnic differences have long
been major challenges to effective policing. But of late, the growing presence of non-state actors,
fundamentalist groups and left wing extremists has further complicated matters. Police officers
are being killed by their subordinates. Police personnel are committing suicide. Police personnel


are using disproportionate force to maintain law and order. This has become a daily affair now.
Keeping in mind these facts, the present study was planned to see the impact of psychological
well being on adjustment. The sample (N=200) for the present study was collected from Jammu
and Kashmir Police. Two scales namely psychological well being scale, developed by Ryff and
adjustment inventory developed by Kumar were used. In order to meet the objectives of the
present study, the data were analyzed by applying multiple regression analysis. The results reveal
the fact that total psychological well being and almost all its constructs influence the one or the
other facet of the adjustment of police personnel.
Keywords: police, mental well being, adjustment, autonomy, environmental mastery, personal
growth, self acceptance, purpose of life, affective, continuance, normative.
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, Jamia Millia Islamia University
**Professor Jamia Millia Islamia University




EFFECT OF GRATITUDE AND TRUST IN VOLUNTEERISM ON WELL-BEING

*Arshiya Kochar **Md. Anees Raza ***Pragyendu

ABSTRACT

This research reports the point consistently to the conclusion that volunteer activities or
volunteerism are (positively and negatively) associated with gratitude (the word gratitude has a
number of different meanings, depending upon the context), trust and well-being. Why do
significant numbers of people indulge in the unpaid helping activities known as volunteerism?
Volunteerism is known to benefit the volunteer in many ways. One of the major benefits of
volunteerism is well-being. Also, the emotion of gratitude has seemed to have a positive effect
on an individuals well-being. Many different variables are assessed (Age, gender, profession,
etc.) Sample size was (N=350). Data from 3 age groups i.e. below 23 years, 24-55 years and 55
years and above was collected. The results revealed age difference in well-being. An association
between different variables and well-being was also found. In this study, we have tried to find
out the various reasons which lead an individual into volunteerism and how being indulged in
voluntary acts, gratitude and trust amongst each other affect the individuals well-being. The
results have an implication for future research.

Keywords: Gratitude, Trust, Volunteerism, Well-being.
About Authors:
* Student of B.Tech Psychological Sciences, Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi
** Student of B.Tech Psychological Sciences, Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi
*** Assistant Professor, Department of Psychological Sciences, Sri AurobindoCollege, University of
Delhi.





POWER OF GRIT, CURIOSITY AND RESILIENCE IN DETERMINING
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL- BEING AND HAPPINESS AMONG STUDENTS

*Neha Tripathi **Tanvi***Prerna Sareen

ABSTRACT

In this research, we have developed a dual character growth card for both applied and research
purposes. This study focuses on how positive emotions like grit, curiosity, resilience affect
academic performance of students. In this study the sample size was (N=350) from different
schools and colleges. The Data was collected from different age group segments (i.e. Children,
adolescents and adult). By doing Mediation Regression Analysis the results of the study revealed
that socio economic status and region difference affects well-being of an individual. In this study
we have established the relationship between well-being and grit, curiosity and resilience and
how all these factors determine student's overall happiness. The results have an implication for
future research.
Keywords: Grit, Curiosity, Resilience, Well Being.
About Authors:
* Student, B.Tech Psychological Sciences, Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi
** Student, B.Tech Psychological Sciences, Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi
*** Student, PG Diploma, Psychology, JMI University




PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE IN RELATION TO SELF EFFICACY
AMONG VIRTUAL WORKERS OF DIFFERENT ORGANIZATIONS

*Madhu Jain **Arvind Kaur Birdie

ABSTRACT

Contemporary competitive demands and advancement in technology and globalization have
changed the todays work place scenario. A growing number of organization have explored
virtual environment as means of achieving increased responsiveness. This virtual work scenario
where workers dont meet face to face is definitely changing the organizations structure,
perceptions and expectations of workers. The changed work environment has its effect on self
efficacy of virtual workers. The present study tries to explore relationship between Perceived
Organizational climate and Self Efficacy in virtual workers. The sample consisted of 100 virtual
workers working in different organizations in India. A correlational research design was
employed. Data were collected through using questionnaire tool of Chattopadhaye and
Aggarwals Organizational Climate Inventory and Schwarzer & Borns Generalized Perceived
Self Efficacy Scale. The results of correlation indicated that perceived organizational climate and
self efficacy among virtual workers are negatively correlated.

Key Words: Perceived Organizational Climate, Self Efficacy, Virtual workers
About Authors:


*Associate Prof., Department of Psychology, Rajasthan University, Jaipur
**Asst. Prof., IIMT, Gurgaon



ACADEMIC ANXIETY AMONG URBAN STUDENTS: A STUDY OF GENDER
DIFFERENCES

*Asha Chawla **Deepika Vig

ABSTRACT

Present study was an attempt to investigate gender differences in academic anxiety of urban
adolescents. Gender differences in academic anxiety have been highlighted by many researchers.
The total sample for the present study consisted of 100 urban adolescents studying in 10
th

standard in various public schools of Ludhiana city. The study was evenly distributed over two
sexes i.e. 50 boys and 50 girls. The result of the present study revealed that 42 per cent of the
boys and 74 per cent of the girls were found to have medium level of anxiety. Further it was
found that urban girls showed significantly more academic anxiety than urban boys. The result
emphasise the need to teach simple strategies to adolescent girls for managing their anxiety
effectively. Parent education programme can also be initiated so that parents can guide and
provide practical support to girls on issues related to academic performance.
About Authors:
* Scientist, Deptt. of Human Development, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University,
Ludhiana
* Associate Professor, Deptt. of Human Development, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural
University, Ludhiana.




ASSESSING COMMUNICATION ON SEXUAL ISSUES AMONG ADOLESCENT
GIRLS WITH THEIR PARENTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH SPECIAL
REFERENCE TO SLUMS OF RAM NAGAR AND PRAKASH NAGAR AGRA

*Ashi Parashar

ABSTRACT

India is a country with wide cultural diversity but essentially conservative Views towards
sexuality related issues. Also the family structure here is largely Patriarchal and in egalitarian
gender relations do exist. Adolescents are a vulnerable group; about 20% of Indias total
population is 10 19 yrs old (Registrar 2005). About one-fifth of Indias population is in the
adolescent age group of 10-19 years.
Parent child connectedness is an important issue that needs urgent consideration both in rural and
as well as in urban areas. Adolescents especially girls have difficulty in communicating their
problem to their parents especially on sexual and reproductive health issues. This sometimes


leads to unhealthy communication patterns between parents and children. Health Problem and
care form a core concern in any society. This concern accentuates as far as adolescent girls are
concerned. Having crossed puberty girls develop lots of health problems because of changes in
their hormones and differing changes in perception and attitude. The adolescent girls in the slum
areas face difficulty in communicating their problem to their parents and elders. Inadequate
nutrition, preference for male child, skewed socialization process and lack of awareness among
family members in a rigid patriarch and conservative society aggravates for health problems of
adolescent girls. Making the family members aware of the need for taking care of the adolescent
girl to give a healthier society and country is the main need of the day. My study would focus on
the reasons behind the skewed the communication between parents and children and how
complex issues between them resolved.
About Authors:
*M.phil (Sociology), Dayalbagh Education Institute, Agra Email- ashiparashar79@gmail.com




THE MENTAL -HEALTH STATUS OF WORKING WOMEN IN INDIA: A
THEORETICAL CONSTRUCT

*Mohammad Ashraf Malik **Md. ILyas Khan

ABSTRACT

The present paper reviews the available evidence on the mental health status of working women
in India. In this attempt is made to know the causes and consequences of mental health of
women, especially those who are employed. Due to the excessive burden of work and house
holding activities most of the women lost their mental equilibrium and becomes a vulnerable to
psychological disorders like stress, depression etc.According toNational PopulationPolicy
(2000), Women shouldhave access tocomprehensive,affordable and quality health care. There is
a greater prevalence of the more common type of disorders such as depression, phobias and
anxiety among women compared to men across all socio-economic groups and diverse societies
(Sonpar and Kapur 1999). Independent studies on mental depression across the world show that
women are twice as likely as men to suffer from clinical depression (Davar 1998). In some
studies like Brown and Harris (1978), it has been also found that depression was more prevalent
among working-class than middle class women living in London. So, this paper is an exhaustive
effort to highlight some issues related to the mental health of women in India.

Keywords: Mental- Health, Women, Employed, India.
About Authors:
*Research scholar, **Associate professor, Department of psychology, AMU, Aligarh





RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GRATITUDE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING



*Beenu Varma

ABSTRACT

Psychological well-being is how people evaluate their lives. It includes self acceptance, positive
relations with others, personal growth, purpose in life, autonomy and environmental mastery.
Gratitude implies thankfulness or an appreciation of benefits conferred together with desire,
when practicable, to return those benefits. The present research is aimed to study the relationship
between Gratitude and Psychological Well-Being among adults. Participants (N=40, Males only)
were selected from different colleges of Chandigarh. Gratitude Questionnaire Six Item Forms
(GQ-6) by McCullough, M. E., Emmons, R. A., & Tsang, J. (2002) and Ryffs Psychological
Wellbeing Scale-PWB (1989), 42 item versions were used to study the relationship between two
and correlation was used as statistical tool. Gratitude is concluded to be uniquely important to
psychological well being and it is positively correlated with Well-Being.
About Author:
*Department Of Psychology, Panjab University Chandigarh



MENTAL HEALTH OF COLLEGE STUDENTS: A SURVEY

*Bhagat Singh **Ajay Kumar ***Anita Moral

ABSTRACT

The present study was design to compare the mental health of art, science and commerce faculty
students. 140 students from each faculty i.e. art, science and commerce (total 420 students), were
selected randomly. The subjects were of age group 16 to 23 year; with mean 18.77 and standard
deviation 1.68. The Mental Health Battery (MHB) developed by Dr. Arun Kumar Singh and Dr.
Alpana Sen Gupta was used. To test the hypothesis F-ratio was calculated. Results showed that
there was a significant difference (F=3.364, p<0.002) between the mental health of art, science
and commerce faculty students. Post hoc comparison shows that there is a significant difference
in mental health of art and science; science and commerce faculty students while there is no
significant difference between the mental health of art and commerce faculty students. Thus it
can be concluded that science faculty students are mentally healthier than the commerce and art
faculty students. Art and Commerce faculty students have almost equal level of mental health.
About Authors:
*Associate Prof., Dept. of Psychology, S.V.College, Aligarh
**Asstt. Prof. Dept. of Psychology, S.V.College, Aligarh
***Asstt. Prof. Dept. of Psychology, S.V.College, Aligarh





YOGA AS AN EXERCISE OR ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE



*Bushra Asad

ABSTRACT

Yoga is the physical, mental and spiritual practices or disciples which originated in ancient India
with a view to attain a state of permanent peace. The term Yoga can be derived from either of
two roots Yujir Yoga (to Yoke) or Yuj samadhau (to concentrate). According to Yoga
Yajnavalkya, Yoga is the union of the individual psyche with the transcendental self.
In the1980s Yoga became popular as a system of physical exercise across the western world.
This form of Yoga is called Hatha Yoga .Many Studies have tried to determine the effectiveness
of Yoga as a complementary intervention for cancer, asthma and heart disease .In a National
Survey ,long term Yoga practioners in the United States reported Musculo-skeletal and mental
health improvements.
This paper highlights the benefits of Yoga for human beings and How Yoga has kept human
mind and body fit and healthy from stress of our daily life.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Department of Sociology and Social Work, Aligarh Muslim University




ANTI-MICROBIAL FABRIC: A BOON TO HEALTH MANAGEMENT

*Charu Kohli

ABSTRACT

The importance of good health for the individual and all the members of the family have been
recognized from the time immemorial. Clothing is worn next to skin. So in another way it acts as
a protective covering from extreme weather and harmful micro-organisms.
The demand for healthy lifestyles drives many researchers to discover newer technique to impart
functional properties in textiles. The rapid growth in technical textiles and there end uses has
generated many opportunities for the applications of innovative finishes. Anti-microbial textiles
with improved functionalities find a variety of applications such as health and hygiene products,
specially the garments worn close to the skin and several medical applications such as infection
control and barrier material.
In the last two decades, the prevention of microbial attack on textile material has become
increasingly important to consumers and textiles producers. In the present work the properties of
cotton and polyester/cotton blended fabrics have been studied after the application of anti-
microbial finish.
Key Words: Anti-microbial, Finish, Health.
About Author:
*Chandigarh, Email: charukohli09@gmail.com




ONLY AFTER DISASTER CAN BE RESURRECTED. ITS ONLY AFTER YOU HAVE
LOST EVERYTHING THAT YOU ARE FREE TO DO ANYTHING. NOTHING IS
STATIC, EVERYTHING IS EVOLVING, EVERYTHING IS FALLING APART

*Chuck Palahniuk

ABSTRACT

"People's feelings are generally believed to vary along two dimensions: how intensely they are
felt and the degree to which they are pleasant versus unpleasant," write authors Lawrence E.
Williams. One who is exposed to disaster may experience a number of psychological problems
including PTSD, grief, anxiety, and increased substance abuse, but the evidence shows that less
than 30% of adults experience severe, lasting levels of these problems. The majority of people
exposed to a disaster experience passing distress but return to psychological health. In other
words, people tend to be psychologically resilient.

People react in different ways due to:
*Age (children react differently than adults do)
*Socio-economic status
*Gender
*pre-existing disorders

How Psychological Preperation Help?
Being directly involved in any potentially life-threatening emergency situation can be genuinely
terriffying are likely to experience trauma in their lifetimes.
When people have a better understanding of their own likely psychological responses in natural
disaster warning situations this can help them to feel more in control and better able to cope.
Being psychologically prepared can assist people to think more clearly and reduce the risk of
serious injury and loss of life or property. These strategies inoculate' people against being
overly anxious or overwhelmed by their emotional responses, and will help prevent being caught
up in unhelpful thinking in an emergency situation. Obviously this approach will work better
with some disaster events that may be more frequent and to some extent more predictable, but
the psychological principles can be applied for any emergency.




ROLE OF COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (CAM) IN
TREATMENT OF MENTAL ILLNESS

*Deepika Lamba

ABSTRACT

The present paper is an attempt to review the role of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
(CAM) in collaboration with standard treatment practices in treatment of mental illness. Mental
Illness is conceptualised as any psychological condition characterized by impairment of an


individuals normal cognitive, emotional or behavioural functioning and caused by social,
psychological, biochemical, genetic and other factors such as infection/ head trauma. The
problems of mental illness are increasing globally with 450 million affected people. These
include a wide range of mental health conditions (i. e. schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, eating
and addictive disorders).
To overcome the problems of mental illness in global world, it is essential to revisit
interventional and treatment plans practiced by mental health professionals. Traditionally,
standard treatments were considered to be effective methods for dealing with psychiatric
problems. However, a careful review of recent literature suggests that Complementary and
Alternative Medicine CAM when used in combination with conventional biomedicine
(integrative medicine) is an effective treatment strategy. There are sufficient evidences to
suggest that incorporating therapeutic techniques like acupuncture, aromatherapy, ayurveda,
bach flower remedies, biofeedback, chiropractic therapy, western herbal medicine, homeopathy,
hypnosis, massage, meditation and mindfulness based CBT (MCBT), positive affirmations,
spiritual/energy healing (i.e. reiki, aura healing and chakra healing), sujok acupressure, ti-chi, qi-
gong, yoga in combination with standardized treatments have been found to be effective
treatments.
About Author:
*Department of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi Email: deepika41089@gmail.com


EMOTIONAL VENTILATION DURING CAREER TRANSITION OF GEN X AND GEN
Y: ISSUES AND PERSPECTIVES

* Sujatha Muthanna

ABSTRACT

Increasing technological dependencies, lean organizational structures, global economic volatility
and skillset availability in the workplace is beginning to impact the employers and employees
alike. These factors are changing the way employees feel about their careerand the way they use
emotional ventilation as a coping mechanism. These factors are also influencing certain
decisions taken by the employer in the context of cost saving, efficiency and productivity within
the organization.

This study attempts to examine the impact of emotional ventilation during emotional transitions
experienced in ones career (idealize, honeymoon, Ideal/Real Reconciliation peak
performance,Plateau and devalue),its impact on different generations (baby boomers, Gen X and
Gen Y) and the role played by the organization in ensuring well-being of its employees.
The sample included for the study ranged between 18 to 65 years and comprised the three
generational groups: Generation Y (age 18-29), Generation X (age 30-47), and the baby boomer
generation (age 48-65). Stratified random sampling method of size 50 was selected from IT
industry in Tamil Nadu and Mysore. The data was collected through questionnaire and interview
method. Statistical analyses were computed using Pearson product moment correlation. Our
hypothesis was that emotional ventilation would be perceived differently in each of the age
groups. This study throws light on the accessibility of platforms within an organization for
emotional ventilation of Gen X and Gen Y to deal with emotional transitions in their career. It


also supports the hypothesis that majority of baby boomers who represent the top management in
the organization, have lesser time for reflection and hence lack the opportunity to express
emotions which in turn result in an inability to create a nurturing environment.Hence, the study
aims to explore innovative ways in which organizations can engage its employees through better
opportunities for emotional ventilation for emotional well-being of its workforce. Suggestions
for intervention and further research are discussed.
About Author:
*Dimple Jain Research Scholar Bharthiar University, Email: jain527@hotmail.com


ATTITUDES AND CONCERNS REGARDING ELDERLY ABUSE: PLAUSIBLE
REMEDIES

*Divaker Vasistha

ABSTRACT

The infliction of anguish, pain or distress through verbal or non-verbal acts on older persons is
quite common in todays so-called advanced, modern and sophisticated society. This elderly
abuse can include verbal assaults, insults, threats, intimidation, humiliation, isolation, harassment
and destruction of self-esteem. Treating an older person like this; isolating the elderly person
from family, friends or regular activities; or enforced social isolation is abusive. Other
manifestations, in the Indian context, include being taken for granted; being used as unpaid
domestic help; not being included in the familys social events; being made the focus of cruel
jokes; and not being appreciated or acknowledged for contributions made in the household
chores or expenses.
Elder abuse encompasses several forms of maltreatment of an older person by someone who has
a special relationship with the elder. There are many types of abuse like Physical Abuse,
Sexual Abuse, Psychological or Emotional Abuse, Neglect, Financial Abuse etc. Like other
domestic violence, elder abuse, is extremely complex.
Generally a combination of psychological, social and economic factors, along with the mental
and physical conditions of the victim and the perpetrator, contribute to elder maltreatment.
Because there are different types of abuse, it is likely that there are different causal factors e.g.
caregiver stress, cycle of violence, lack of knowledge, dependency, abuse impairment, societal
attitudes etc.
Persons from all social classes, races and parts of the world are the victims of abuse. Older
people, like all members of any society, have the right to be free from abuse, neglect or
exploitation. Violation of this right is particularly harmful for older persons who may be less able
to protect themselves because of frailty, or incapacity. Thus countries are developing laws to
provide special protection for older persons from abuse. These laws are based on the premise that
older persons require statutory protection-in addition to other laws-because of the association
between age and increased vulnerability to abuse. Public awareness of the problem of elder
abuse is crucial to all countries reponses. Before steps can be taken to remedy elder abuse,
families, leaders, law enforcement and legislations must fully comprehend the extent of the
problem and its impact on older residents.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, K. M. College of Education, Bhiwani Email: divakervasistha@gmail.com




YOGA AND MEDITATION: COMPLETE WELL BEING AMONG THE MASSES

*Divya N.Jain

ABSTRACT

Today the saying is popular among the generation, Time is money Agreed to a great extent.
But what is wealth without health? With the present lifestyle and the increasing stress one is
living with, agression, irritation, sleeping disorders, marital discords just to name a few has
become a major problem in ones life.

Technology, latest machines to lose weight, gym memberships, pills, surgeries and so on. One
invests so much time, energy and money and gets what in return? No gaurantee of weight loss,
health stability, or peace of mind and to add on to it, one is most likely to benefit with side
effects of the above.

Yoga and meditation cure for all the above
It is purest form of gaining physical health; mental and emotional stability and peace of mind.
Regardless of the age, one can practice yoga and meditation regularly.
Is worth the time invested in it.
Helps in curing various ailments and treats depression, stress, anxiety, sleep disorders to name a
few.
About Author:
*2
nd
year student, M.Sc. Psychological counselling, MontFort College, Bangalore



A STUDY OF STRESS AMONG ADOLESCENTS OF WORKING AND NON-
WORKING MOTHERS

*Harjeet Kaur Sra **Roshan Lal ***Rajesh Kumar

ABSTRACT

Stress is found in all aspects of life. It is considered to be an internal state or reaction to anything
we consciously or unconsciously perceive as a threat, either real or imagined. Stress can evoke
feelings of frustration, fear, conflict, pressure, hurt, anger, sadness, inadequacy, guilt, loneliness
or confusion. Too much stress can result in physical, psychological and behavioural responses. It
adversely affects all parts of the body. Research Studies shows that adolescents experience high
stress due to many developmental and environmental factors. The present study was undertaken
to study stress among adolescents of working and non-working mothers. A sample of 200
adolescents has been randomly selected from different schools of Chandigarh. The psychological
tools like, Stress Scale (Puri, et. al., 2011) was used to collect data. The obtained results of the
present study revealed that there were significant differences in the stress level among the
adolescents of working and non-working mothers. Stress level of adolescents of working mother


was significantly more than stress level of adolescents of non-working mother. Further when
mean stress scores of male and female adolescents were compared it was found that male
adolescents have comparatively higher mean stress score.
Key words: Stress, Adolescents, working & non-working mother
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, Guru Nanak Dev College of Education, Majatri (Mohali)
**Asst. Prof, Dept of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh.
***Asst. Prof., Dept of psychology, Govt. P.G. College, Sector-46, Chandigarh



GENDER DIFFERENCES IN SOCIAL DESIRABILITY WHEN RESPONDING TO
MORAL ISSUES

*Harprit kaur **Swati

ABSTRACT

The differences between the behaviour and general thought system of males and females are
evident across many spheres. It is generally believed that females are more concerned about their
impression and hence behave in a socially desirable manner not revealing their real self.
Moreover, when responding to moral issues people generally responds in a socially desirable
manner. This paper is an effort to analyse gender issues related to social desirability while
responding to morality, for this purpose BIDR (Paulhus, 1991) scale was utilized. It had two sub
scales one related to self deceptive enhancement and second pertaining to impression
management. For moral issues Moral Judgement Test (Lind, 1999). Sample consisted of 80
subjects in the age range of 18 to 40. The data so obtained was rendered to Statistical analyses.
Results will be discussed during paper presentation.

Keywords Self Deceptive Enhancement, Impression Management, Social Desirability
About Authors:
*Reader, Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala. Email: harprit.kaur@yahoo.com
** Assistant Professor, SUS College of Research and Technology.



FACTORS AFFECTING WELL-BEING OF RURAL WOMEN OF HARYANA

*Kamlesh Singh **Jasleen Kaur *** Dalbir Singh

ABSTRACT

The present study has focused on the factors affecting well-being of rural women of Haryana.
Findings from our different research papers are compiled to present holistic view of their life.
The sample for all these studies ranged from 194-221 rural women (Age range= 15 to 90 years).
Age and level of education were found to be significant factors for well-being. Fulfillment of all
basic needs, socialization, healthy interpersonal relationships and involvement in religious


activities emerged as predictors of well-being while little or no social support, ill-health,
joblessness etc. emerged as inhibitors of well-being for rural women. Various positive
interpersonal (gratitude, forgiveness etc.) and intrapersonal factors (self-esteem, resilience etc)
showed significant correlation with psychological well-being, subjective well-being and social
well-being. Rural women perceived an improved overall quality of life with respect to facilities
provided, better economic status and lesser social pressure in the last ten years. A decrease was
reported in the quality of interpersonal relations and positive values (such as altruism,
compassion etc.) while an increase was reported for rise in negative values (dishonesty, lying
etc.). Majority of the rural women perceived prevalence of gender discrimination in different
forms. Regarding their knowledge on mental health problems, the help seeking behavior of rural
women was directed more towards professional agencies rather than visiting faith healers. Rural
women confessed that they liked the culture of Haryana in terms of food abundance, style of
dressing, culture of respect etc. Television was the main source of entertainment for most of the
rural women. They were against the practices of gender discrimination. Majority of the women
did not belief in superstitions. The present findings help to develop welfare programsin the
socio-cultural context.
About Authors:
*&**Dept. of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
*** Pt N R S Government College, Rohtak, Haryana



ANXIETY AMONG PLAYERS

*Kapil Sharma

ABSTRACT

Anxiety is regarded as a prime condition of human existence and it is the focal point with
theories of personality and human behavior. Anxiety is an unpleasant emotional state in which a
present and continuing desire seems likely to miss its goal. Anxiety has become a common
symptom of the man in every walk of life. Anxiety as a construct can be an effect, the ultimate
cause of which is to be found in the stimulus conditions of the environment and the external
world. In the rapid changing world players cannot be a parted from stress and anxiety. In a fast
changing social structure which is becoming complex and the player is surrounded by such
anxiety. It includes social influence, aggression, dependence, conformity etc. It is one of
important factors influencing sports performance in sports competitions. It is an effect that
occurs in all players, increases at different circumstances. The players are by and large remain
fearful to some degree which is eventually effects their performance.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor in Physical Education, Govt. College for Women, Bawani Khera, Bhiwani, Haryana,
India.


ELDERLY ABUSE: PERCEPTION, ISSUES AND MEASURES

*Punita Govil



ABSTRACT

The present demographic scenario of the country shows the rising trend of adult population.
According to census report 2011, there are 60.3 % people belonging to 15 to 59 years of age
group and the percentage of people above 60 + age is 8.6%. Our country fails to provide due
respect, care, affection, security and health related facilities, which elderly people utmost need. A
number of cases of adult abuses are reported in news papers as these people are easy victims of
violence and criminal activities. The society comes to know about only those problems which are
reported. The innumerable cases of disrespect and neglect are not given any consideration. The
situation becomes all the more worst when perpetrators are very near relatives and in some cases
blood relatives also. This growing insensitiveness is a threat to our society. Sincere efforts are
needed to tackle this alarming problem.
The present paper describes the available data on the old people, their dependence ratio, the
problems being faced by them and suggestive measures to provide social and emotional security
to them.
About Author:
*Assistant Prof. A.M.U. Aligarh, Email: unita_govil@rediffmail.com



THE EFFECT OF RISK TAKING BEHAVIOR AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING
SPORTS PERSONS AND NON SPORTS PERSONS

*Samerjeet Kaur **Anju Gautam

ABSTRACT

This research paper was aimed at investigating the effect of risk taking behavior and
psychological well being of sports persons and Non sports persons. A random sample of 80
subjects. Risk Taking Behavior and Psychological well being questionnaire was administered on
the subjects which is an objectively scoreable test devised to give the most complete coverage of
both areas in brief time. Anova test will be used for data analysis. Detailed results will be
presented in the paper.
About Authors:
*Lecturer Department of Psychology, Ch.Charan Singh University, Meerut
**Research Scholar Department of Psychology, H.N.B Garhwal University, Shrinagar Garhwal





IMPACT OF PROJECT ON PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF WOMEN TOWARDS
WELLBEING

*Ella Rani **Lali Yadav ***Vandana Verma ****Sarita Verma *****Binesh Goyat



ABSTRACT

Psychological well being involves combination of feeling good and functioning effectively. The
research focuses on psychological aspects of well being or flourishing. For the psychological
well being of farm women, the impact of project were assessed in the form of social drivers viz;
income, self esteem, confidence building, capacity building, decision making, nutrition and
health status and social empowerment etc. The study was carried out to assess the impact of
National Agriculture Technology Project (NATP) on farm women. The results showed that the
project under reference succeeded in increasing income, expenditure and saving of the
respondents. It also provided additional and regular income to its beneficiaries. As regards self
esteem, increase in respect in family (I), self-respect in the community (II) and security (III)
were reported as impact points of project by majority of the respondents. Though, majority of the
respondents showed impact on confidence to deal with family issues (I), dealing to talk in SHG
meetings (II) and dealing society (III) and other issues regarding confidence building. Further, It
was found that a huge majority of the respondents reported an increase in make decision
regarding buying and selling of valuables like grain, animals, which got first rank (2.88).
Increase in decision making was reported in making decision for children's education (2.87), on
account of them being beneficiaries of the project. Again, majority of the respondents showed
increase in communication skills (I), participation in group activities (II) and leadership aspects
(III) regarding social empowerment impact points.
About Author:
*Ph.D scholar; ** Professor and ***&****Asst. Professor, Department of Extension Education and
Communication Management,COHS, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana-125004
***** ADO, Deptt. of Agriculture, Haryana



ROLE OF VOLUNTEERISM IN DETERMINING TIME PERSPECTIVE AND WELL-
BEING OF INDIAN URBAN POPULATION

*Ganga Tiwari **Shriya Sharma ***Vivek Chaudhary ****Pragyendu

ABSTRACT

Volunteerism is the principle of donating time and energy for the benefit of other people in the
community as a social responsibility rather than for any financial reward. It has positively
influenced in the development of society, economy and human resources. Particularly focussing
on the development of the human resources which is the highlight of our study, it benefits the
volunteers by increasing one's self confidence, combating depression and contributes in one's
physical and mental wellbeing. Research studies show that most people do in fact hold the belief
that helping others is a good way to gain fulfilment for you. In this present research we intend to
identify the effect of volunteerism on well-being and how it is related with the concept of time
perspective. In this study the total sample size is (N=200) and the respondents were of three
different age group segments like adolescence, middle age and senior citizens. It was found that
individuals belonging to past hedonistic tendency of time perspective are more involved in
voluntary activities and also have a high level of well-being. And most of the volunteers belong


to 30-55 years of age group having middle socio-economic status. Future time perspective was
significantly predicting the career for voluntary activities and determining individual well-being.

Keywords- Volunteerism, time-perspective and well-being among volunteers.
About Authors:
*&** Student, BA (H) Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (E), University Of Delhi.
*** Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Sri Aurobindo College
(E), University Of Delhi.
**** Department of Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (E), University Of Delhi.





ALTITUDE AND HEALTH STATUS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

*Geetanjajli Panwar **Suman ***Sunita Malhotra

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the health status of high altitude and plain
citizenry. (2x2) factorial design was planned. Randomly selected sample for the study comprised
of N=100(50 males and 50 females) of 30 to 40 years of age range from general population of
high Altitude (Leh) and plains (Rohtak, Bhiwani). Subjects were administered General Health
Questionnaire-60(Goldberg & Williams, 1998). The obtained scores were statistically analyzed
with the help of t-test followed by Two-way analysis of variance. Result revealed that plain
citizenry exhibited poor health status as compared to high altitude citizenry. The results have
been discussed in this light.
Keywords: High Altitude, Plains, Health Status
About Author:
*M.Phil student Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak
** Research scholar Department of Psychology, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak
***Professor Department of Psychology and Dean of Social Sciences, Maharishi Dayanand University,
Rohtak




MAINSTREAMING ANIMAL ASSISTED THERAPY IN INDIA: WHY IT IS VIABLE
AND HOW WE COULD GO ABOUT IT?

*Georgitta Joseph Valiyamattam

ABSTRACT

Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) is still in an extremely embryonic stage in India, even though
its efficacy as an alternative mode of therapy and treatment has had proven benefits worldwide.


A number of questions are raised regarding the feasibility of AAT application in the Indian
context, its level of acceptance and its possibilities for the future.

This paper analyses the particular relevance of Animal assisted therapy in the Indian context and
argues for the mainstreaming of Animal assisted interventions as a psychotherapeutic mechanism
in the Indian setting. It also discusses the need for theoretical grounding and widespread practical
application of AAT and its possibilities for the future.
About Author:
*Department of Psychology and Parapsychology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam




A STUDY OF ACHIEVEMENT IN BIOLOGY IN RELATION TO EMOTIONAL
INTELLIGENCE AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF ADOLESCENTS

*Guneet Toor

ABSTRACT

The present study was conducted to address the achievement in biology in relation to emotional
intelligence and socio-economic status. The sample included 130 adolescents who completed
biological concept test (Prepared by investigator), emotional intelligence scale (Mangal, 1971)
and socio-economic status scale (Srivastava, 1991). The results of the study revealed that there
exists no significant correlation between biological concepts and emotional intelligence scores;
between biological concepts and SES scores respectively. No significant difference was found in
the biological concepts of students due to high and low level of emotional intelligence scores.
Also no significant difference was found in the biological concepts of students due to high and
low level of SES scores.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, G.H.G. Khalsa College of Education, Gurusar Sadhar, Ludhiana



MOBILE USAGE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HOSTLERS AND DAYSCHOLARS

*Harleen Kaur **Seema Sharma

ABSTRACT

The present study was conducted to assess the mobile usage among hostler and dayscholar
adolescents. The study was comprised of 200 adolescents (100 hostlers and 100 dayscholars)
belonging to middle socio-economic status in 17-18 years of age range, purposively selected
from two colleges of Punjab Agricultural University of Ludhiana city. Socio-Economic Status
Scale by Meenakshi (2010) was used to determine the socio-economic status of adolescents. A
self structured Mobile Usage Questionnaire was used to assess the mobile usage among
adolescents. Results revealed that majority of the hostlers recharged their mobile phones more


frequently as compared to dayscholars and their parents paid the monthly bills. All the
respondents (hostlers and dayscholars) used their mobile phones for whole of the day for calling
and chatting. Hostlers used mobile phones more for text messaging and calling followed by
download music, films and pictures, pass time and assignments.

Key words:Adolescents, Stay/Residency, Mobile Usage.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Department of Human Development, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural
University, Ludhiana
**Associate Professor, Department of Human Development, College of Home Science, Punjab
Agricultural University, Ludhiana.


VEIL: A SYMBOL OF IDENTITY

*Heena Parveen **Roomana N. Siddiqui

ABSTRACT

Dress codes adopted by a selected group of people, community or nations are symbols that have
social significance. They serve as identity markers where these dress codes are used as tools to
create the us versus them divide. On the psychological level these markers get internalized in
the self-concept of people who identify with these groups. As a result these dress codes assume
social psychological significance. The veil, adopted by Muslim females, is one such identity
marker that has attracted a lot of attention in recent times. Apart from making a religious
statement it serves various functions. Present study attempts to examine the use of a core
religious symbol, veil as a visible marker of identity for young educated females. The data was
collected on 30 young educated females pursuing higher education in different streams. The
narratives does highlight that veil serves as an important symbol of these females identity and is
a vital part of their personality.
Keywords: Dress-code, Veil, Social Identity
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, SLA, Noida International University
**Associate Professor, Womens College, AMU, Aligarh



VOLUNTEERISM AND ITS IMPACT ON FORGIVENESS AS A BEHAVIOR: GOING
HAND IN HAND

*Mahesh K Darolia **Pragyendu ***Isha Kala ***Sneha

ABSTRACT

Volunteerism has positive effects on adolescents psychological and social development. There
are enough pointers suggesting rise in volunteerism in India. The various channels promoting
voluntary work are many such as colleges, schools, voluntary organizations, various
governmental and nongovernmental programmes engaging volunteers in furthering their goals,


etc. The activity is being increasingly seen as a must to widen an individuals spectrum of
knowledge and understanding of the affairs of the society. Volunteerism and forgiveness are two
such important variables which go hands in hands. The present study was designed to test the
relation between volunteerism and forgiveness and the effect of it on our well being. The
sampling was done using purposive technique and total sample size (N=100) was used in this
study which provided measure of volunteering, forgiveness and well being. Results of mediation
regression analysis showed that with the increasing volunteerism in the present generation, the
rate of forgiveness is going high which in turn affects our well being in a positive manner.

Keywords: Volunteerism, Forgiveness, Well being
About Author:
*Associate professor, Dept. of Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi, New Delhi
**Assistant professor, Dept. of Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi, New Delhi
***Student, B. Tech Psychological Sciences, Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi, New Delhi
****Student, B.A. (Hons.) Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi, New Delhi




YOGA AND MEDITATION: COMPLETE WELL BEING

*Puneet Tokas **Ruby Siwach Sangwan ***Jayanti Tokas ****Santosh Sangwan


ABSTRACT

Yoga is not a religion, it is a spiritual science that has been practiced and developed over
thousands of years. Yoga is a form of mind-body fitness that involves a combination of muscular
activity and an internally directed mindful focus on awareness of the self, the breath, and energy.
Meditation is a process that can foster self-acceptance, exploration, awareness, mind/body
balance and compassion. Yoga and meditation go hand in hand and neither could survive alone.
When combined together, yoga meditation is a powerful tool that can greatly benefit those that
practice this form of reflection. One of the biggest benefits of yoga meditation is the way it
promotes peace of thought and health of body instead of stress. Meditation has benefits beyond
what science has revealed. Even with the advances in brain technology, there are changes both
subtle and profound transmitted only through direct experience. These practices enhance
muscular strength and body flexibility, promote and improve respiratory and cardiovascular
function, promote recovery from and treatment of addiction, reduce stress, anxiety, depression,
and chronic pain, improve sleep patterns, and enhance overall well-being and quality of life.
About Authors:
*
Department of Physical Education, D.N.College, Hisar
**PhD. Scholar, N.D.R.I., Karnal
***Deaprtment of Biochemistry, COBS&H, CCS HAU, Hisar
****H.D.F.S. Department, COHS, CCS HAU, Hisar



SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: SOCIAL HARMONY AMONG HUMAN BEING



*Jyoti Soni

ABSTRACT

Man is a social being. The whole existence of man is in the social groups. As is the man, so is his
social group. The society has its impact on the individuals and the individuals have their effect
on the society. Every individual and each home add or substracts in the process of making the
society and bringing social harmony. For this, study of mans relation with man is necessary, as
it is important to understand and explain how the thought, feeling and behaviour of individual are
influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of other beings.
And to get the answer of questions like what is it that shapes our attitudes? How does biasness
developed and how can we overcome it? What factors lead people to purchase one product rather
than another, how juries work together to make important group decisions? There is need for the
knowledge of psychological aspects in social setting i.e. Social Psychology.
About Author:
*Asst. Prof.Shivalik Institute of Education & Research, Phase-6, Mohali




EMOTIONAL TURMOIL OF ADOLESCENT: INFERENCES FROM HUMAN BRAIN
IMAGING AND MOUSE GENETICS

*Kadambari **Swati Singh

ABSTARCT

The characterization of adolescence as a time of emotional turmoil remains an open
debate intense and frequent negative affect during this period is considered to be a casual factor
for heightened emotionally which ultimately result increased rate of affective disorders.
Imbalance in the development of subcortical limbic (e.g. Amygdala) relative to prefrontal
cortical regions is a major cause for heightened emotionally. We then provide environmental
factors that may exacerbate in balance in amygdale ventrufrontal function increasing risk for
anxiety related behaviors. Finally we present data from human & mouse studies that provide
covering methods approach for understanding the highly variable stress and turmoil experienced
in adolescent.
Keywords: Adolescent, emotional Turmoil, Genetics.
About Authors:
*&**Research Scholars, M.D. U. Rohatk


ROLE OF ADOLESCENT PARENT ATTACHMENT: IN COGNITIVE, PHYSICAL
AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Kadambari* Ritu Rani**

ABSTARCT



Adolescent is characterized by significant neurological cognitive and sociopsychological
development with advancing age the time spent with parents decrease and that with peers
increase gradually. However, parents continue to play major and crucial role in adolescent
development. Adolescent parent attachement has considerable and major impact on cognitive,
social and emotional functioning. Secure attachment is associated with less engagement in high
risk behaviors, and enhanced coping strategies. The main focus of this study is changes during
adolescence, what attachment is and how it influences growth of adolescent.

Key words: Adolescent, Attachment, coping strategies.
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, M.D.U. Rohtak
**M.A. (Psy) Student, Govt. College, Bhiwani


CHID ABUSE AND NEGLECT CAUSE JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

*Kalpana Singh **S.K.Srivastava

ABSTRACT

Juvenile delinquency is the broad-based term given to juveniles who commit crimes. A
delinquent child is a child of a certain age, who has violated a criminal law or engaged in a
disobedient, indecent or immoral conduct. Young people who are at risk of becoming delinquent
often live in difficult circumstances. Youth nowadays, regardless of gender, social origin or
country of residence, are subject to individual risks but are also being presented with new
individual opportunitiessome beneficial and some potentially harmful. Considering the
magnitude of the problem and issues involved, analysis indicates that the number of factors for
neglect and delinquency are mostly common and interrelated, based on socio-economic and
psychological reasons. Child maltreatment, which includes both child abuse and child neglect, is
a major social problem and also associated with juvenile delinquency. This paper is an attempt to
analyze that child abuse cause to delinquency.
About Author:
*Ph.D Student in Psychology and ** Professor & Head, Department of Psychology, Gurukul Kangri
Vishvidyalaya, Haridwar.





HARDINESS IN RELATION TO GENDER AND STREAM OF ADOLESCENTS

*Kamaljeet Kaur

ABSTRACT



The present study was conducted to study the hardiness of adolescents in relation to their gender
and stream. Sample of the study consisted of 300 class XI
th
students studying in Government
model senior secondary school sec.37, Chandigarh. Sample was drawn by stratified random
sampling method. Statistical techniques like mean, SD, t ratio and one way Anova was used to
analyse the data. Results of the study reveals that male and female adolescents differ
significantly from each other on total hardiness scores and also on commitment and challenge
dimension of psychological hardiness scale. Result of one way Anova reveals that adolescents
from three academic streams differ significantly from each other .Streams were further compared
with the help of t ratios. Arts and science groups, arts and commerce groups differ significantly
from each other on hardiness scores. However science and commerce groups were alike in their
hardiness level. The study has useful implications in terms of gender and stream being and
important determinant of psychological hardiness among adolescents.
About Author:
*Senior Research Fellow, Department of Education, PU, Chandigarh Email:kamaljeet815@gmail.com



SPRITULITY AND RELIGIOSITY THE ULTIMATE SOLUTION TO HUMAN
ANXIETIES

*Katyayani Chodda

ABSTRACT

The term spirituality lacks a definitive definition although social scientists have defined
spirituality as the search for the sacred is broadly defined as that which is set apart from the
ordinary and worthy of veneration
Religiosity in its broadest sense, is a comprehensive sociological term used to refer to numerous
aspects of religious activity, dedication and belief (religious lecture) In its narrowest sense,
religiosity deals more with how a person is religious a person is, and less with how a person is
religious (in practicing certain rituals, retelling certain stories)
Anxiety has been associated with religious and spiritual issues. In animistic cultures people
suffered from anxiety when rules and rituals that were meant to calm duties and ancestral spirits
were disobeyed. Many religious traditions attributed illness and disease to the work of demons
and other spiritual entities.
Modern psychiatry has neglected the spiritual dimension of the human mind and the theology
concept of illness as meaningful suffering by clinging to the traditional casualty principal and
rationalistic orientations without clarifying the concepts of religion, spirituality, culture, and
mental health.
Religion deals with externals not with internals. It deals with the obvious and what can be seen,
not with the unseen or the invisible. Religiosity is what one shows o others, or how others see
what he does in connection with his churchs beliefs and practices. It has nothing to do with what
he does in secret, or with the divine. It also consists of being a member of a group of a religious
community called the faithful and doing what is expected of him by that religion. Whereas
spirituality is a very individual thin. It need not conform to the dogmas, practices, beliefs and
rituals of a particular organized religion or church. One may practice spirituality completely
alone and followed no official rules, doctrines, policies or practices


To be spiritual is to commune with the highest spiritual being in your own unique way. It is very
personal and individual. Your actions need not be sanctioned or approved by an authority figure.
Psychology of religion has been captivated by how religion relates to health, happiness and
various problems especially anxiety which is the most important factor in the mental diseases. It
is defined as the worry over things which we cannot control and which we do not remove from
our thoughts. It dominates and controls a passive mind and a troubled heart, filling both with
doubt, fear and dread.
AS a psychologist where handling anxiety is a significant job for spirituality and religion comes
as an aid to us also. Just the belief in GOD and feeling of giving in to a Supreme power at times
has been helping individuals dealing with very difficult situations and especially the one in
which we have no control. This study is also an attempt of studying individuals simple feeling
of humility, feelings of self worth. Helping someone handle difficult times especially the ones
which are linked with strong feelings of amorousness. Spirituality and religiosity play a big part
in life of human anxieties.
About Author:
Email: katyayani.0808@gmail.com



NARCISSISM: A TWO-EDGED SWORD

*Harprit Kaur **Kavneet Kaur

ABSTRACT

DSM-III defines narcissism as indulgence in self-love and selfishness; feelings of superiority,
lack of empathy, disregard for others, and use of people for ones gain and the illusion of
grandiosity are common characteristics of it. (Raskin &Terry, 1988). Narcissism has always been
seen in a negative light by theorists as well as layman. Where on one hand, DSM-III placed
Narcissistic Personality Disorder in cluster B of the personality disorders (PDs), and Paulus and
William (2002), presented Narcissism as a part of the Dark Triad of personality, on the other
hand Freud highlighted the importance of Narcissism in personality development. Freud (1931)
stated that People of this type impress others as being personalities; it is on them that their
fellow-men are specially likely to learn; they readily assume the role of leader, give a fresh
stimulus to cultural development or breakdown existing conditions. A lot of confusion and
controversy surrounds the question whether trait narcissism necessarily breeds maladaptive
behavior or whether people with trait narcissism can also lead a functional and psychologically
healthy life. The present paper attempts to review these contradictory conceptualizations.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor and **Research Scholar, Dept. of Psychology, Punjabi University,
Patiala




LIFE SATISFACTION AND HAPPINESS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS OF THE REGION



*H.K.Chhabra **Jasgeet Kaur

ABSTRACT

The report in hand, which is a part of a larger study, attempted to reflect the state of life
satisfaction as well as of happiness among the manager level employees of banks in Chandigarh.
A comparative study of public and private sector banks was run to understand the contextual
importance of both the factors among bank employees. For this purpose, a mixed sample of 40
employees each was randomly chosen from the private as well as the public sector banks. The
total sample thus comprised of 80 employees. The age range of the employees was 30 to 45
years. The data was analyzed using correlation and t analysis. Life satisfaction and happiness
were found to be correlated, as expected. Also, interesting comparisons emerged for life
satisfaction and happiness among the two sets of employees.
About Authors:
*Associate Professor, Deptt. Of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh.
**Research Scholar, Deptt. Of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh.


LIFE AS AN EXPERIENCE AND AN EVALUATION: UNDERSTANDING TWO
PERSPECTIVES ON LIFE IN RELATION TO WELL-BEING THROUGH PLATHS
STORY

*Khyati Tripathi **Nitika Kumar

ABSTRACT

The present study is an effort to understand two selves- Experiencing and
Remembering/evaluating selves and their effect on subjective Well Being. An attempt has been
made to locate the nuances of these two types of selves through the work of the famous poet and
author Sylvia Plath. Her autobiography The Bell Jar and her last poem The Edge have been
analysed through a constructivist framework which is a holistic and interpretive approach that
focuses on Insiders view. Though a prolific and dedicated writer, Sylvias personal life was
marked with turbulent episodes of conflict with her alcoholic father and her overindulgent/
ambitious mother. She was not only raped and abused by her first boyfriend but eventually ended
up marrying a noted philanderer in hopes of finding true love which escaped her all her life. All
this eventually drove Sylvia to a tragic suicide even as her two toddlers lay helpless in need of
her affections. She never got her dues as a well acclaimed author till her personal diaries were
discovered which was not until after her death. The Bell Jar, the autobiography of Sylvia Plath,
reflects on her remembered self. There is a vicious cycle that goes on between Sylvias
experiencing self and the remembered self. This leads to the conclusion that subjective well
being is a vast area that takes into account not only what Sylvia actually experiences
(experiencing self) but also how she evaluates her experiences (remembering/evaluating self)
eventually leadingto a devastating effect on her Well Being.
About Authors:
*&**Research Scholar, University of Delhi




PSYCHOLOGY AT THE WORKPLACE: DO WE REALLY NEED IT?

*Khushbeen Sohi

ABSTRACT

Psychological insights play an important role in enhancing various aspects of our functioning in
diverse spheres of life, one such domain being the workplace. We spend a large part of our
lifetime at our places of work. The relevance of psychology to this aspect of our existence can
hence, not be undermined. Psychologists are engaged in various organizational processes like
recruitment, selection, training and development, employee counselling to name a few.
However, one witnesses the work of psychologists to be undervalued in most organizations. This
can be attributed to lack of awareness about the contribution that psychology can make to
organizational success, restricting psychologists to administrative chores, myths which engulf
psychologist to name a few. But in a rapidly changing work scenario with challenges such as
workforce diversity, globalization, work-life balance issues, the part that psychologists can play
in ensuring a content workforce and organizational productivity can hardly be undermined. At
the same time, it is also important for psychologists to reinvent their own role within the
organization and move away from serving a mere support function to being a key propeller of the
organizations mission and vision.
About Author:
*Delhi University


HOW DEATH IS VISUALISED: AN EXPLORATION ABOUT NATURE AND IMAGE
OF DEATH

*Khyati Tripathi **Veena Gupta

ABSTRACT

The present study is an attempt to explore one kind of death imagery which is the personification
or reification of death in modern Indians' minds (terminally ill, chronically ill and healthy) in
terms of their thoughts, affect and actions. The tendency to visualize death as a person has been
demonstrated throughout the history and personification has also appeared in art, literature,
drama and mythology. The notion of death in the present study was explored using
Kastenbaums and Aisenberg's multiple choice questions about nature and image of death. The
present study consisted of 60 participants in their middle or late adulthood. In this study, 46.7per
cent respondents visualized death as an old man, 6.7per cent as a young man, 11.7per cent as an
old woman and 35per cent had other images of death such as of 'yamraj'. Along with, 81.7per
cent of them think about death as a gentle, well meaning sort of a person, 13.3per cent as grim,
terrifying and 5per cent of them see it as a cold, remote sort of a person. The study explains the
various responses in the light of the empirical evidences provided by some of the traditional
Indian scriptures (such as Bhagavad-Gita, Mahabharata and Garudapurana) along with some of
the prominent notions prevailing in the Indian society in terms of geriatrics and life experiences.
About Authors:


*Research Scholar, University of Delhi
**Assistant Professor, Indraprastha College, University of Delhi



COPING STRATIGIES: BABY BOOMERS VERSUS GENERATION Y

*Srishti Verma ** Lipika Malik *** Lekheshwari Sharan **** Happy Baglari

ABSTRACT

In the recent years, psychology has witnessed a paradigm shift with the arrival of positive
psychology. It now looks at the positive approach rather than clinical approach. Emphasis is
now placed on how psychology can be used as a means for a more healthy life. This calls for
insight into various stressors experienced by different people and therefore the various coping
strategies used by them. Thus an attempt was made to discover the coping strategies between two
generations. Two groups, one consisting of individuals of 18-25 age groups and another group
consisting of individuals of 45-50 age groups was taken. The method of comparative study was
used. Each group had 20 individuals(both males and females) each. A questionnaire with
reference to COPE inventory (1989) was made. Five different coping strategies i.e. positive re-
interpretation and growth, venting out of emotions, denial, substance use and social support were
identified. Mean and other relevant statistics were found. A t-test was done to further substantiate
the findings. It was found that both generations indulge in more or less same kind of coping
strategies. Present study has implications for positive psychology, coping mechanism, stress
management, gender studies, social psychology and health psychology
About Authors:
*BA (H) Psychology, 3rd Year, University of Delhi Email: lipika.malik@gmail.com




CRIMINAL AND FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY

*Madhav Bhargav **Arghya Kr. Nath ***Aastha Kapoor

ABSTARCT

Criminal and Forensic Psychology are two of those psychological aspects that are studied rarely
in India. However, Increase in cri me makes Criminal and Forensic Psychology a significant part
of society we live.
Firstly, Criminal Psychology refers to the intersections of psychology, criminology and criminal
justice. It studies the criminals and criminal behavior in order to improve the investigation of
crime by adding some psychological components such as in Offender Profiling. It is concerned
with analyzing and improving the criminal justice system; enhancing police investigation,
detecting deception, or examining courtroom psychology and jury decision making. Criminal
psychology should not be confused with criminal psychiatry.
Secondly, Forensic Psychology is currently being utilized to get assistance in investigation of a
crime already being committed or at the time of dissemination of justice. Apart from this, it


could be used as an ultimate tool to counter terrorism. An important aspect of forensic
psychology is the ability to testify in court as an expert witness, reformulating psychological
findings into the legal language of the courtroom, providing information to legal personnel in a
way that can be understood.
However these two are related with each other in many ways, their scope in India, advantages,
disadvantages, how to qualify as one of those will be discussed in the main paper.
About Authors:
*&**&***Sri Aurobindo College, Delhi University (Dept. Of Applied Psychology)




TO STUDY LOCUS OF CONTROL AMONG THE BANJARA COMMUNITY
STUDENTS OF JUNIOR COLLGES

*Mahendra Govind khare **C. P. Labhane

ABSTRACT

The present research aims at measuring the Locus of control among the banjara community
students of junior colleges. Rotters Locus of control scale will be used to measure the Locus of
control level of Adolescent. For this study the sample of 120 student of age range 16 to 18 years
studying in 11
th
and 12
th
classes were selected from different Junior colleges of jalgaon District.

Key word- Locus of control, Banjara community, Junior colleges, Adolescent
About Authors:
*Ph.D Student,Department of psychology, M.J College. Jalgaon, District: Jalgaon. (Maharashtra State)
**Ph.D Guide, Department of Psychology,M.J. College, Jalgaon.(M.S)



HEALTH CONSCIOUSNESS AS CORRELATE OF WELL-BEING AMONGST EARLY
ADOLESCENTS

*Priyanka Kumari **Nov Rattan Sharma ***Amrita Yadava

ABSTRACT

Health consciousness assesses the readiness to undertake health actions. Health conscious
persons are aware and concerned about their wellness and are motivated to improve and/or
maintain their health, and quality of life to prevent ill health by engaging in healthy behaviors
and being self-conscious regarding health. Well-being is a subjective assessment of health which
is less concerned with biological function than the feeling such as self-esteem and a sense of
belongingness through social interaction. The present study aimed to investigate the association
between health consciousness and wellbeing. The sample of the study includes 100 early
adolescents. The participants were assessed with Health Consciousness Scale and Well-being


Manifestation Measure Scale. The obtained data was analyzed with Pearson correlation. It was
observed that health consciousness is a significant correlate of well-being.
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, Dept. of Psychology, M. D. University Rohtak
**Professor, Dept. of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak.Email: dahiya.85.mamta@gmail.com



GRATITUDE AS CORRELATE OF WELL-BEING

*Mamta **Nov Rattan Sharma ***Amrita Yadava

ABSTRACT

Gratitude is a genuine, deep appreciation of a benefit one has received. Gratitude is experienced
when people receive something beneficial or felt when somebody does something kind or
helpful. Gratitude is about having an awareness of and appreciation for the good things in life
and gratitude, thankfulness, gratefulness, or appreciation is a positive emotion or attitude in
acknowledgment of a benefit that one has received or will receive. Well-being is a positive
concept emphasizing social and personal resources as well as physical capabilities. There may be
a strong association between gratitude and well-being. The present study aimed to explore the
relationship of gratitude and wellbeing. The sample of the study includes 300 persons between
the age ranges 45 to 70 years. The participants were assessed with a Gratitude Questionnaire and
Wellbeing Manifestation Measure Scale. The obtained data was analyzed with Pearson
correlation. It was observed that gratitude is a significant correlate of well-being and its
measured dimensions.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Dept. of Psychology, M. D. University Rohtak
**&***Professor, Dept. of Psychology, M. D. University, Rohtak.



SOCIAL HARMONY FOR BEING SOCIAL

*Manisha Sharma

ABSTRACT

Human beings are the most beautiful, competent and Intelligent creatures of the God. Our Epics
do firm this belief that God has made men more like him so that they could reach to anything
created by him in this world even him too with some efforts. These characteristics of human
beings have enabled them to constantly improve themselves and their surroundings. This
improvement has helped them to reach to the greater heights of development with each passing
day. But alas to this, is their endless urge of self development that has posed threat to the
combined development which is mainly the key to social harmony. Our society is diversified into
people with many castes, colors, races and genders etc. In addition to this, personal and
professional goals do differ from person to person. Societal goals further take a back seat for


many in many cases. But this diversification needs to be unified to give path to the long term
development. In this paper, author has tried to touch the various issues concerning social
harmony and thereby finding out ways to improve social harmony among human beings.
About Author:
*JRF(Education), GNDU, Amritsar,Punjab Email: manishash79@gmail.com



FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS AND DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR

*Meenu

ABSTRACT

Delinquency is a universal problem and it is seen all over the world without exceptions to any
specific cultures or religions. The greatest gifts parents give children is nurturing and caring for
them as they grow into adults. In doing so, parents teach children to establish healthy
relationships within the family unit and beyond, helping children grow into happy, well-adjusted
and successful adults. The family instructs children and gives guidance about personal values
and social behavior. Within the society, parents identify certain values that are important for the
development of their children. So, family relationship plays very important role for the
development of their child. Juveniles are more likely to become juvenile delinquents if there is
unhealthy relationship are there in families. If discipline of the family is poor and each member
of family is selfish and self centered, due to lack of control and supervision children may become
delinquents. If there is a quarrel between parents then children become neglected and hence they
adopt wrong ways and gradually and ultimately become juvenile delinquents. This article
attempts to explain the role of family relationship on juvenile delinquency. Additionally, the
relationship between delinquents and their parents will be explored in this study.
About Auhtor:



A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF APPRECIATION AND MENTAL HEALTH OF
MIDDLE LEVEL MANGERS WORKING IN A PRIVATE AND PUBLIC BANK

*Megha Singh **Kajal Mandhyan

ABSTRACT

With the increasing trend of privatization lots of competition is faced by the companies and
therefore employees under it faces stress, mental health problems, and many other factors which
effects the employees performance and productivity due to high demands of the job. (Parker and
Sprigg, 1999). Private sector faces more mental health problems then the government sector
because they get minimum time to spend for themselves, family and friends and their main
objective is to make money and the idea is of profit. Thus, the purpose of the study was to
explore the differences in appreciation and mental health between middle level managers of
private sector and public banks. Secondary purpose was to find the predictors of appreciation.


The sample comprised of 80 males, 40 from each private and public bank. To analyze the data
ANOVA and regression was used. The mean scores showed that private bank has higher
appreciation than public banks in terms of importance, sense of justice related to appreciation
and frequency. The results also conveyed that mental health of public bank is better than the
private bank. Predictor variables for appreciation were group oriented attitude, perception of
reality, environmental mastery.
Keywords: Appreciation, Mental Health, privatization, middle level managers, banks
About Authors:
*Lecturer, AIBAS, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow campus.
**Counsellor, Institute of Multiple Intelligence, Lucknow.




MEANING IN LIFE AMOMG CANCER PATIENTS

*Mehrunnisha Khatoon

ABSTRACT

The present paper aims to focus on the cancer patients and their interpretation of life and
meaning in life. Meaning in life is an important variable for human well being. Literature
supporting this contention is reviewed and complexities in defining meaning in life by cancer
patients are discussed. Cancer is considered as the most deadly disease and causes highest death
after heart diseases. Cancerous tumors grow gradually to interfere with the digestive, nervous
and circulatory systems and also release hormones which alter body function. According to a
survey conducted by W.H.O. cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Cancer diagnosis
interferes with the patients' perception of life and its meaning. Meaning in life have several
components, two of which is central and unique namely comprehension and purpose.
Comprehension encompasses peoples' ability to find pattern, consistency and significance in the
many events and experiences in their lives. Purpose refers to highly motivating, long term goals
about which people are passionate and highly committed. In this paper literature review focus
that people devote significant resources to the pursuit of their meaning in life.

Keywords: meaning in life, cancer patients, comprehension, purpose
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology,Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh.
Email: mehrunnisha.khatoon@gmail.com



A CALM MIND IS A CREATIVE MIND: THE POWER OF YOGA AND MEDITATION

*Mohna Bhaisora **Daisy Sharma

ABSTRACT



Yoga and Meditation are age-old practices that have renewed it in different cultures and times
influencing many by its tranquil and healing effects. It has been found that the practice of yoga
and meditation enhances creativity among people. Adolescent years are a time of exploring new
ways of thinking about one self and ones interaction with the surrounding environment. The
adolescent face numerous biological, cognitive and emotional changes in their life. The practice
of yoga and meditation enhances the problem solving ability, fluency, imagination, and
flexibility thereby improving creativity. The majority of the work done earlier has been
conducted on adults but with the increasing prevalence of yoga and meditation in schools the
focus has been shifted to children and adolescents. This research is aimed at examining the effect
of yoga meditation on creativity among adolescents (15 to 18 yrs). The practice of yoga and
meditation will lead to an increase in the performance score and may provide a foundation for
the practice and development of some programs for youths. A sample of 100 students were
selected from the schools of Delhi (N=100) out of which 50 were the practitioners of yoga and
meditation and the rest 50 being the non practitioners. Creativity styles questionnaire (CSQ-
R1997) was used to measure development of creativity. t test was used in order to find out the
effect of yoga meditation on creativity. The Data analysis is still in the process which will be
later discussed during the presentation of paper.

Keywords: Yoga, meditation, creativity, adolescence
About Authors:
*M.A Applied Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia Email: mohnabhaisora@gmail.com
*Assistant Professor, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, Delhi University


A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MENTAL HEALTH OF WORKING WOMEN AND
HOUSEWIVES

*Muntazir Maqbool

ABSTRACT

The main purpose of present study was to find out the Mental
Health of working and Housewives. The sample consists of 100 women (50
working women and 50 housewives) randomly selected from Baramulla
district of J&K state. The research tool used to assess Mental Health
of working women and housewives was Mental Health Questionnaire
(M.H.Q) developed and standardized by Dr. Kamlesh Sharma. Heret
test was applied for statistical analysis of data to check the
significance of difference in mental health of working women and
housewives. Difference in mental health level of working women and
housewives was significant at 0.05 level so null hypothesis was
rejected and result shows that the housewives has better Mental Health
in comparison to working women.
About Author:
*Research scholar at Department Of Psychology, HNB Garhwal university(A central university).
Srinagar Garhwal Uttarakhand India.




IDENTITY CRISIS AND QUALITY OF LIFE RELATED TO DEPENDENCE OF
RETIRED ELDERLY ON THEIR CHILDREN IN INDIA

*Namita Tyagi

ABSTRACT

Present paper is an attempt to study elderly life which they live after retirement sometimes
depending on their children for most of their psychological, social and financial needs. India is
the second populous country in the world, with 99.87 million persons above 60 years of age,
constituting 8.3% of the total population (Census of India, 2011). For them retirement is not just
a cessation of employment, but also a social change, a status change and a standard of life
change. Retirement usually results in the giving up of a major life structure, one that provides
social status focus, purpose and economic resources. For many elderly in our culture, identity
revolves around a number of central roles and skills. There has been found a significant positive
association of quality of life with the involvement in the activities connected with the occupation
and hobbies. This study also examines that retired elderly depending on their children for
fulfillment of most of their need may vary on many psychological aspects from those retired
elderly who are independent.
About Author:
*Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi



HEALTH BENEFITS OF EXERCISE ESPECIALLY FOR WOMEN A
THEORETICAL APPROACH

*Kashyap Jaspreet Singh **Thingnam Nandalal

ABSTRACT

It is well documented that regular exercise in every stage of life of a human being improves
strength, endurance and other health related physical fitness components, helps build healthy
bones and muscles, helps to control weight, reduces Psychological problems (eg. anxiety, stress,
tension), increases self-esteem and may improve Physiological changes (eg. blood pressure, vital
capacity, bone density). Health cannot be stored up like food or money, but it must be
continuously renewed by using it. It is to the human body but fine to an angel it enables us to
perform up to our potential. Health can be described as a condition that help us for better look,
pleasant feel and do our best. In some respects exercise is more important to women that it is in
men. It seems there are many healths, weight loose and other such issues those women can treat
or avoid by simply exercising.

Key Words: Health, Bone Density, Anxiety, Vital Capacity, Blood Pressure.
About Authors:
*
Research Scholar, Department of Physical Education, Panjab University Chandigarh, India.
**
Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Panjab University Chandigarh, India.






CYBER CRIMINAL AND FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY

*Narinder Singh

ABSTRACT

Cybercrimes can be basically divided into three major categories- cybercrimes against persons,
property and government. Cyber criminal psychology include cyber stalkers, cyber bullies, cyber
terrorist, cyber criminals, online sexual predators and political/religious fanatics engaged in
cyber warfare. Just as cyber criminal Psychology views all criminal/deviant behavior on a
continuum of severity and purposive intent, but involves abuse, assault and victimization online
use Information and Communications Technology. Compared to many other disciplines, forensic
psychology has a very short history. Even so, it has needed to adapt and adjust at a rapid pace in
order to keep up with changes in policing techniques and criminal behavior. Nevertheless, the
vast resource of previous research in forensic psychology is useful and can, in many cases, be
applied to cybercriminal cases. Similarly, the focus on technological solutions to cybercrime is
essential but consideration of the added value that psychology can contribute to investigations
and preventative strategies is also important. Technological and psychological methodologies
addressing the problem of cybercrime are complementary utilizing both provide a stronger
approach than either alone can achieve. The role of a forensic psychologist is discussed as is
their current involvement in cybercrime.Forensic psychology can aid in the detection, prevention
and governance of cyber crimes.

Keywords: Cyber Criminal, Forensic Psychology, Cyber Crime, Police
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Centre for Police Administration, Panjab University, Chandigarh



JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN INDIA



*Narinder Singh

ABSTRACT

The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000 defines juvenile or Child
as a person who has not completed eighteenth year of age. The underage or juveniles are
characterized by low level of maturity, both in physical and in mental capabilities which
distinguishes them from adults. They are therefore, highly vulnerable groups to fall prey to
temptations, inducement and mechanizations by vested groups to embark on the path of
criminality. Crime committed by juveniles may range for petty ones to heinous ones. It is
required to be appreciated that, under this paper juvenile delinquency including children are
viewed as perpetrators of crime. The Act provides for a special approach towards the prevention
and treatment of juvenile delinquency and provides a framework for the protection, treatment
and rehabilitation of children in the purview of the juvenile justice system. The government
came up with Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act 2000 talks about juvenile
crime in detail and covers all aspects. According to Ministry of Home Affair published Crime in
India-2012 data, of the total of 33,387 juveniles apprehended in 2011, 21,657 were in the 16-18
age group, 11,019 of 12-16 age group and 1,211 between 7-12 age groups. But again government
has failed to control this in India as the statistics are rising at an alarming rate.
Keywords: Juvenile Delinquency, Juvenile Justice Act, Rehabilitation, Police
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Centre for Police Administration, Panjab University, Chandigarh



PROJECTIVE CORRELATES OF CREATIVITY: A STUDY AMONGST SCHOOL
CHILDREN

*Nasib Singh

ABSTRACT

The present study was designed to investigate the projective correlates of creativity amongst
adolescents. Two samples made students 100 each from Govt. school and Gurukals were
selected from the present study. Students belong to 11
th
and 12
th
standard. The selected
participants in both the groups were tested with SIS II and Torrance Verbal Test of creativity.
Frequency distribution for all the eighteen variables was set up for both the groups to ascertain
the normality of data. The obtain data were analyzes by applying t-test, product movement
method of correlation and factor analysis. Main findings revealed that animals responses and
atypical responses have emerged as significant correlates of creativity.
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, Deptt. Of Psychology Maharishi Dayanad University, Rohtak





STUDY OF EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION IN RELATION TO TEACHING
EXPERIENCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

*Supreet Kaur

ABSTRACT

The investigator conducted this study to address emotional exhaustion in relation to teaching
experience of primary school teachers. The participants were 200 primary school teachers (100
male teachers, 50 were those who had above 15 years of teaching experience and 50 were having
below 15 years of teaching experience and 100 female teachers, 50 were those who had above 15
years of teaching experience and 50 were having below 15 years of teaching experience)
completed Emotional Exhaustion Scale. Main effect of gender on Emotional Exhaustion was not
significant. Main effect of teaching experience on Emotional Exhaustion was also non
significant. The interaction effect of gender with T.E. on emotional exhaustion scored was also
non-significant.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Author:
*Asstt. Prof. in Education, USOL, P.U. Chandigarh



A STUDY OF DEPRESSION IN RELATION TO INTERNET ADDICTION OF
ADOLESCENTS

*Navdeep Singh Raji

ABSTRACT

The present study was conducted to address depression in relation to internet addiction of
adolescents. The sample included 200 adolescents (100 boys and 100 girls) who completed
Personal Assessment Inventory by Krug and Laughlin (1976) and Internet Addition Test by
Kimberly Young (1998). The results of the study revealed that there exists significant correlation
between depression and internet addiction. There exists insignificant difference between high
internet addiction group and low internet addiction group on the variable of depression. There is
insignificant difference between boys and girls on the variable of depression. There is interaction
effect of internet addiction and gender on the variable of depression.
About Author:
*Research Scholar (SRF), Dept. of Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh



POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION IN WORKING AND NON-WORKING WOMEN

*Neha Gurudatt

ABSTRACT



Objective: A comparative analysis on susceptibility of postpartum depression in working women
and non-working women

Postpartum depression (PPD), a type of depression that affects 9-16% of women around the
world after conceiving a baby can develop within 4-6 weeks after giving birth, but can
sometimes take several months to appear. According to the DSM-IV the symptoms of PPD are
diminished interest/pleasure in activities, weight loss/gain, Insomnia/ Hypersomnia, agitation,
fatigue, sadness & anxiety. Baby Blues are often confused as PPD and vice-versa but there is a
distinct difference amidst the two; Baby blues last maximum till a week whereas PPD lasts for a
longer duration and usually the symptoms are more severe in nature. Some of the causal reasons
of PPD are hormonal changes, depression in the family history, lack of support from
family/friends, trouble in adapting to changes, stress while dealing with the child and poor health
of the child. Treatment methods vary from joining social groups, consulting a psychologist,
taking medication to therapies. This research attempts to analyze the susceptibility of PPD in
working & non-working women as their duties and roles vary and also the environment in which
they function is different due to which the stressors are different in working and non-working
women.
Method: The undertaken research was an empirical research using two scales: Edinburgh
Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) & Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). The sample
size was selected using stratified sampling of 80 women, 40 working and 40 non-working.
Source: Government & private Hospitals, Nursing Homes & Clinics
Findings: The highest susceptible time for PPD is during the initial 2 months after conceiving
(33.95%) Percentage of probable chances of postpartum depression in non-working women is
38.27% and that of working women is 22.5%.
Conclusion: Susceptibility for Postpartum Depression higher in Non-working Women in
comparison with Working Women.

Value/Implementation: Policy Making, Psychological Well Being, Social Development

Keywords: Postpartum Depression, Working Women, Gender & Health
About Author:
*Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Shahibaug, Ahmedabad, Gujarat-380004
Email: nehagurudatt@gmail.com



POWER OF GRIT, CURIOSITY AND RESILIENCE IN DETERMINING
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL- BEING AND HAPPINESS AMONG STUDENTS

*Neha Tripathi **Tanvi ***Prerna Sareen ****Amandeep Nahar

ABSTRACT

In this research, we have developed a dual character growth card for both applied and research
purposes. This study focuses on how positive emotions like grit, curiosity, resilience affect
academic performance of students. In this study the sample size was (N=350) from different
schools and colleges. The Data was collected from different age group segments (i.e. Children,


adolescents and adult). By doing Mediation Regression Analysis the results of the study revealed
that socio economic status and region difference affects well-being of an individual. In this study
we have established the relationship between well-being and grit, curiosity and resilience and
how all these factors determine student's overall happiness. The results have an implication for
future research.
Keywords: Grit, Curiosity, Resilience, Well Being.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Authors:
*Student, B.Tech Psychological Sciences, Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi,
**Student, B.Tech Psychological Sciences, Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi
***Student, PG Diploma, Psychology, JMI University
****Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce,Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi



LEARNING DISABILITY IS A CHALLENGING ISSUE FOR SOCIAL SCIENTISTS

*Nigam Rani **Sudha Chhikara ***Seema Rani

ABSTRACT

Learning disability has been by far the fastest growing, the most controversial, and often the
most confusing area within special education, learning disability is real and a stumbling block for
a nations development process. Perhaps now it is clear why learning disabilities are the most
confusing area in special education. Children with learning disabilities all have uneven
development of skills, but what they learn, how they learn, the people they are, and the way the
learning disability affects non-academic areas of life such as friendships, job and success can be
very different. Learning disabilities remains one of the least understood and most debated
disabling conditions that affect children. (Lyon, 1996). Learning disabilities can affect a
person's ability in the areas of listening, speaking, reading writing and mathematics and is often
first suspected when there is a clear and unexplained gap between an individual's level of
expected and actual levels of achievement. Present study carried out in Haryana state.Hisar
district from Haryana state was selected purposively. From Hisar district Block I was selected
randomly. Hisar city was also purposively selected for urban sample. From Block I five villages
named Kaimari, Mangali, Harikot, Daya and Singran were selected randomly. A sample of 60
boys, 30 from rural and 30 from urban, schools was taken. Independent variables considered
were all human ecological factors i.e. Microsystem, Mesosystem, Exosystem, Macrosystem and
Chronosystem. Learning disability among boys of 10-12 years age group was taken as dependent
variable. Results discovered that majority of the respondents were found in below average
category for language and mathematics components of learning disability both in rural and urban
area but above average category in creativity component.

Keywords: learning disability, challenging issue, life success.
About Authors:
*Ph.D. Scholar, ** Professor, Department of Human Development and Family Studies,CCS Haryana
Agricultural University, Hisar-125004, Haryana





MENTAL HEALTH LITERACY AMONG PROFESSIONAL STUDENTS

*Nikhil Kumar Das **Khush Ada

ABSTRACT

Mental disorders often arise for the first time in adolescence or young adult. If they are
recognized and treated early, it may increase the chances of better long term outcome. Early
recognition and appropriate help seeking will only occur if young people and their supporters
know about the early sign and changes produced by mental disorder. Mental Health Literacy
(MHL) refers to knowledge and belief about mental disorder which aid their Recognition,
Management or Prevention (Jorm A, 1979). Present study uses two case vignettes one depicting
neurotic and other psychotic disorder. Open ended questions are used to elicit responses. The
Sample consists of 50 students doing professional course (engineering and medical). Results are
analyzed in terms of percentages. MHL was explored in terms of ability to recognize specific
disorder, knowledge and belief about risk factors, knowledge and belief about self help
intervention, knowledge and belief about professional help available, attitude which facilitates
help seeking and knowledge about how to seek mental health information.
About Authors:
* Asst Professor, Department of PsychologyJ S Hindu PG College Amroha UP
**M.Phil (Trainee) Department of Psychiatry KGMU Lucknow



WHO AM I BEFORE WHO ARE YOU: ROLE OF TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS IN
EMOTIONAL EMPATHY

*Nikhil Kulshrestha

ABSTRACT

We all live two kinds of lives 10 to 5 and 5 o 10. The fact is 10 to 5 life has no meaning if 5 to 10
life is not happy. But what is happening is perhaps the reverse of this.
The dimensions of Indian families are changing very fast. People have less time to spend with
family as compared to the time they spend professionally. Both joint and nuclear families have
their own challenges like:
Number of members working
Time available for parents/kids/spouse
Importance given to values
This is leading to more misunderstandings, stress and lack of patience at the family front.
This paper attempts to identify the impact of understanding Transactional Analysis on the ability
to empathize emotionally at the family front. 5 families of heterogeneous nature from NCR were
taken as a sample and they were studied for 2 years. The findings are recorded stage wise. The
method used is face to face interviews, counseling sessions and sessions on understanding of
Transactional Analysis.
About Author:


*HOD-HR at University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun



COMPARISON OF SELF EFFICACY AND LOCUS OF CONTROL IN WORKING
AND NON WORKING WOMEN IN DELHI

*Dimpy Mahanta **Nishtha Lohani

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the study was to find out the perceived self efficacy and locus of control in
working and non-working women. Further, it attempted to investigate if there exist any
significant difference between the two groups of women on self efficacy. The sample consisted
of sixty subjects (30 working & 30 non-working women) residing in Delhi. Convenience
sampling technique was used. The data was collected using Adult Nowicki-Strickland Internal-
External Locus of Control Scale by Nowicki and Duke and The General Self-Efficacy Scale
(GSE) by Schwarzer & Jerusalem. The results indicated that working women have a higher
degree of internal locus of control than non-working women. Also, the non-working women
were found to have a higher degree of external locus of control as compared to the working
women. When the data from combined sample was studied it was found that self efficacy levels
were the highest for women with internal locus of control followed by the intermediate locus of
control and the least for those with external locus of control. Further the t-test revealed a
significant difference in self efficacy (at .01 level of significance) between working and non-
working women. The working women were found to have a significantly higher self-efficacy as
compared to non-working women. Thus, this study throws light on the fact that employment is
not just limited to monetary gains but it also enhances psychological health.

Key words: Self- efficacy, locus of control, working women, non-working women
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, Delhi University
**Student, BA (Hons.) Psychology IIIrd Year, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, DU



PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS OF MANIA, PARANOIA AND
SCHIZOPHRENIA AMONGST HIV-INFECTED PERSON

*Rathwal, S.**Chaturvedi, P. **Sharma, O.P.

ABSTRACT

This study aims to detect different psychopathological dimensions of Mania, Paranoia and
Schizophrenia caused by HIV- Infection. For this study a sample of 200(both male and female)
HIV infected patients was randomly selected from different NGOs working in New Delhi and
Network of Positive People in Haryana. The patients who participated in the present study
ranged between the age of 18 and 45 years. All the selected participants were on administered


with Clinical Scales of Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI). The clinical sample was
constructed of only those patients who volunteered themselves and were permitted by consultant
doctors. The normative matching sample (N=200) was randomly drawn from the general
population of Delhi and Haryana. Similarly the normative sample was also tested the same tests
as in case of clinical sample. With a view to accomplish the main objective, various statistical
techniques have been used the most pertinent which are descriptive statistics,Frequency
Distributions, Means, Standard Deviations, and t-ratio to analyses the data. Results of this study
depicts that there was a significant mean difference between HIV-infected Male and Female and
Control Group Male and Female with respect to different clinical scale of Psychopathological
dimensions Mania, Paranoia ,and Schizophrenia.

Key words: HIV-Infected, Psychopathological dimension Mania, Paranoia and Schizophrenia

About Author:
*Asstt. Prof., Deptt. of Psychology, Govt. College, Dujana, Haryana (India)
**Research Scholar, Deptt. of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur (India)
***Deptt. of Psychology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan (India)



POSITIVE AGEING A NEW PARADIGM FOR GROWING OLD

*Pakhi Jain

ABSTRACT

If asked a question- How long do you expect to live? normally answer would be 80 or 85
years. But the real question asked in this 21
st
century is- If Im going to live a long life, how can
I be happy in the process? When the diseases of Dementia or Alzheimers are more threatening
than ever, the worth of living a long life haunts. Even if there is an escape from these dreadful
diseases, the diminution of memory and motor functioning catches as they are a part of growing
old. Even after the harsh realities of ageing, some people think that there is a silver lining to it
and that has been fuelled by Positive Psychology movement, which champions the idea that how
we shape our day to day living, shapes what it means to be happy.
This paper focuses to enlighten the youth and the adults about the field of Positive Ageing and
what are the causes that have affected the promotion of Positive Ageing. It also entails the
importance of educating others about this field and why it has emerged as an important field in
this era. Lastly this paper enlists few measures and steps to Positive Ageing.
Keywords: Positive, Ageing, Diminution, Enlighten
About Author:
*Masters in Organization Behaviour, Amity Institute of Behavioural Health and Allied Sciences
Email: pakhi.stentorian@gmail.com



AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON OCCUPATIONAL STRESS OF SPECIAL
EDUCATORS



*Palak Mendiratta **Aakanksha Vira

ABSTRACT

Statistics show that the teachers occupation has been among the category of professions that
reported high stress; with stress being 41.5% [1]. The objective of this paper is to investigate the
sources, level and impact of stress experienced by special educators working in educational and
organizational settings in the vicinity of Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. It is an attempt to analyze
and offer interventions to improve the occupational health of special educators. The
methodology considers both quantitative and qualitative perspectives. The Perceived Stress Scale
(PSS) is used to measure stress levels of 40 special educators and 20 mainstream educators, to
draw a comparative analysis. The special educators are also subjected to a self-designed
structured questionnaire for gathering the various occupational stressors and how they are
individually dealt with. Results indicate that levels of stress of special educators were higher than
mainstream educators; arising out of demand of occupational role. Even though roles of these
educators have advanced to pupil centric, mental involvement required is on the higher side. This
work intends to shed light on behavioral changes in educational and organizational psychology.
Government policies must thus be revised for the purpose of positive reinforcement and
development of special educators and differently able children.
Key words: Stress, occupational stress, special educators, children, learning disabilities, coping
strategies
About Authors:
*&**Department of Psychology, School of Liberal Studies, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University,
Gandhinagar, Gujarat Email id: palakmendiratta@gmail.com and Email id:
aakankshavira@gmail.com



MORNINGNESS-EVENINGNESS IN INDIAN YOUTHS: EFFECTS OF BIOLOGICAL
DYRHYTHMIA AND EFFECTIVE COPING STRATEGIES

*Palak Uppal

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the study is to find the ratio of morning-evening types in Indian youth, effects of
biological dyrhythmia on them and what coping strategies were used by them. Sample consisted
of undergraduates students with exception of smokers, drinkers or anyone undertaking
medication for medical condition. For quantitative analysis, Horne & Osterg Morningess-
Eveningness Questionnaire was used. For qualitative analysis, subjects were asked the
psychological and biological changes they go through due to sleeplessness and different coping
styles adopted to postpone sleep. Quantitative results (n= 302) should majority of students falling
in intermediate category followed by morning category and lastly evening category. The most
common biological and psychological changes reported was heaviness in the eyes, followed by
fatigue, headaches, yawing, body ache, decrease in motor activity, irritation, decrease in
concentration, and temptation to sleep. The most common coping styles were gustatory
stimulation, hearing stimulation, visual stimulation, and tactile stimulations.


About Author:
*Ambedkar University, Delhi Email: palakuppal@gmail.com



UNDERSTANDING THE EFFECT OF POST-RETIREMENT COPING STRATEGIES
ON RETIREES DEPRESSION-HAPPINESS LEVELS

*Phogat, P. **Dhankhar, T.

ABSTRACT

Before the 19
th
century low life expectancy and the absence of pension arrangements meant that
most workers continued to work until death. But today many people choose to retire when they
are eligible for private or public pension benefits, although some are forced to retire due to age,
illness or physical disability. After the initial happiness of successfully fulfilling ones career
expectations, retirees usually feel a sense of lull and distress. The purpose of this paper is to
explore how individuals adjust to life post-retirement by using various coping strategies, and
whether that has an effect on their depression-happiness levels. A sample of 30 male retirees
residing in Delhi-NCR was taken using convenience sampling. Two questionnaires were
successively administered, the Coping Strategies for Adjustment to Retirement Questionnaire
(Chalip, Glenn Goold, Klokiw & Russell, 1999) and the Depression Happiness Scale (McGreal
and Joseph, 1993). A correlation between the scores of both the tools was observed. This paper
would help in identifying whether engaging in socio-cultural activities affects an individuals
post-retirement psycho-physical state and hence provide an insight into the type of lifestyle
suitable for retirees.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Gargi College, University of Delhi.
**Student, Gargi College, University of Delhi


SPIRITUAL LEADERSHIP AS EMERGING PARADIGM SHIFT

*Pritika Sejwal

ABSTRACT

Leadership is the most researched topic worldwide but there is one particular type of leadership
which is less researched but hold a lot of importance because owing to current scenario where
money is not necessarily the motivating factor for employee to work effectively and productively
rather they need appreciation and acknowledgement. This could only be possible when a leader
has a spiritual side in its style to lead as according to Fry(2003) such leader must have three vital
factor i.e. vision, hope/faith and altruism and to make it a holistic two way process follower
must have membership and calling characteristics. This study emphasise the importance of
intrinsic motivation and spirituality. Workplace spirituality is a very beneficial for a
organizational to work productively, efficiently, inducing high organizational commitment as
well as organizational justice. Another important factor that are promoted by spiritual leadership
is employee welfare, curbing stress and maintaining healthy organizational citizenship


behaviour. This paper will highlight the ways to elicit maximum spirituality within the
organizational context in order to make it a spiritual workplace because this paper holds a
important message that like leader like follower. Many studies in this area would be combined to
conclude the important empirical support of spiritual leadership.

Keyword: Spiritual leadership, intrinsic motivation, organizational commitment, productivity.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Author:
*Master in Organization Behavior, Amity Institute of Behavioral Health and Allied Sciences



PARENTAL BEHAVIOR AND ADOLESCENT SELF-ESTEEM

*Priya Mishra

ABSTRACT

In this study the relationship between parental behavior and childs self-esteem is evaluated. The
study is based on 100 middle class families currently living in the city of Lucknow (India).The
families in the sample consisted of a mother, a father and at least one adolescent child( age group
used : 13-17 years ). The Rosenberg Self esteem scale and PASI(Parental Autonomy and
Support Inventory) were used .Very little correspondence between the childs perception of their
parents behavior and parents report of their own behavior (on measures of autonomy, support
and involvement) was found. It was also seen that the adolescents self-esteem was more related
to their perception of the parental behavior than to the parents behavior reported as by the
parents. The self-esteem of the boys was more influenced by the parental behavior than was the
self-esteem of the girls.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Author:
*Banaras Hindu University Email: priyamishra1691@gmail.com



MINDFULNESS MEDITATION: IMPACT ON ANXIETY AND QUALITY OF LIFE

*Priyam Saini **Daisy Sharma

ABSTRACT

Meditation is defined as a family of self-regulation practices that aim to bring mental processes
under voluntary control through focusing attention and awareness. The various studies examines
that meditation has positive impact on the life of meditators as it improves their quality of life,
better well-being, reduces stress, increases decision making etc. The present study is an
exploratory study which aims at studying the impact of mindfulness meditation on quality of life
and anxiety. For the purpose of finding out the impact of meditation a sample of 60 meditators
age group 30-40years (where 30 high on mindfulness; 30 low on mindfulness) were taken. Four
questionnaires were used: Mindful attention Awareness Scale, Quality of Life Scale, State-Trait


Anxiety Test and Ryff's Well Being Scale. Semi structured interview was also used to find out an
in depth difference in life satisfaction of both the groups. It was hypothesized that people who
have high score on mindfulness are having a better quality of life, wellbeing and experience less
anxiety than those who achieve low scores on mindfulness. The statistical tool of t-test was used
to find out the difference between both the groups. The data collection for the present study is
still in process.
Key Words: Mindfulness Meditation, Quality of Life, Anxiety, Psychological Well-being, Life
satisfaction
About Authors:
*Student, Bachelors in Psychology, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, DU Email-
priyam.saini0808@gmail.com
**Assistant Professor, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, DU



SPORTS PARTICIPATION AND ITS IMPACT ON LEADERSHIP AND SELF ESTEEM

*Priyam Saini **Kriti Jain ***Shagoon Maurya ****Daisy Sharma

ABSTRACT

The question of whether leadership and self-esteem is teachable has received considerable
attention in the academic and practitioner arenas. Sports participation offers students a different
experiential venue that develops leadership and self-esteem. The purpose of the study was to
investigate the relationship between sports participation, leadership and self-esteem among
adolescence. Samples for the study consisted of 100 subjects (50 athletes and 50non-athletes)
drawn randomly from various schools and colleges. The age group of the sample was kept
constant i.e. 15-25years. In total two questionnaires were used: Multifactor Leadership
Questionnaire and Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory. The semi structured interview was also
used to find out the significant difference in leadership and self-esteem of subjects of both the
groups. It was hypothesized that sports participation enhances the leadership skills and raises the
self-esteem of an individual. Statistical tool of t-test was used to study the relationship between
sports participation and its effect on leadership and self-esteem. The data collection for the
present study is still in process.

Key Words: Sports participation, leadership, self-esteem
About Authors:
*&**&***Student, Bachelors in Psychology, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, DU
****Assistant Professor, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, DU



MOTIVATION FOR ACTIVE AGEING AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN ELDERLY

*Priyanka Sharma **Neerja Singh

ABSTRACT



The present study aimed to understand the extent to which motivation for active ageing
influences the quality of life in elderly. Relationships were assessed between four dimensions of
motivation of active ageing and seven dimensions of quality of life in a sample of 200 elderly
working post retirement and 100 non working elderly. The results from the study indicate that
motivation for active ageing positively correlates with quality of life. It was also observed that
employment post retirement significantly contributes to quality of life. Further, it was found that
employment post retirement is a significant moderator in the relationship of motivation for active
ageing and quality of life. The results implicate that the motivation to be active and engaging in
employment in old age is linked to a better quality of life for the individual. Being a contributing
member in the society is healthy for the elderly as well as the society, hence highlighting the
need to shift the attitude towards retirement and retired in general. Further research and practical
implications are discussed.
Keywords: Motivation for Active Ageing; Quality of Life; Post retirement employment
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, H.N.B Garhwal University **Research Scholar, Pacific University.





ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS ASPECTS INFLUENCING SOCIAL HARMONY IN
COMPARISON STUDY

*Phogat, P.

**Gupta, A.

***Sardana, K.

ABSTRACT

Social harmony is of utmost importance for incubation and growth of a life. Social harmony is a
must for a society so that it grows and functions appropriately. An ideal society or a nation
should find a mechanism for a compromise among all the competing elements within the society
and thereby leading to a synthesis between different groups' demands and aspirations. Social
harmony is defined as a peaceful interaction of all members of society among members of
different groups. It refers to the process of valuing, expressing, and promoting love, harmony,
respect, trust, generosity, admiration, peace, and equity upon other people in any particular
society regardless of their ethnicity, colour, sex, race, national origin, height, age, handicap level,
weight, marital status, and occupation among other aspects.

The present paper aims to investigate the various social, political and economic dimensions of a
state and its influence on the social harmony of that particular region. The data from the
government records on various factors were studied. These were studied were literacy rates,
domestic violence, political stability and law enforcement, job opportunities and average income
(particularly in the tertiary sector), substance abuse, social awareness (regarding human rights,
etc.), human trafficking, and gross production rates.

The basic premise of the research is that higher literacy rates, more job opportunities, higher
average income and gross production rates, more social awareness, political stability and law


enforcement would be indicators of social harmony as they reflect progress and equity among the
masses. In such a society, people would have peaceful interactions. Domestic violence, human
trafficking and substance abuse plagues the equilibrium and peace of people at micro level and
hamper the smooth functioning of the society at macro level. Lesser cases of domestic violence,
human trafficking and social abuse are, thus, indicators of the prevalence of social harmony.

The implications of the research were discussed in terms of how amendments from grass root
level to the level of policy makers can help in aiding improvements in the current social
conditions, thus leading to promotion and establishment of social harmony in the concerned
geographical region.
About Authors:
*Associate.Professor, Gargi College, University of Delhi
**&***Students, Gargi College, University of Delhi



ADOLESCENT WELL-BEING IN RELATION TO INVOLVEMENT IN LEISURE
ACTIVITIES

*Puneet Sandhu **Sheojee Singh

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Leisure is equally a gift and curse of the modern age of speed, science and
technology. It is broadly classified into active and passive leisure activities. Adolescent well-
being refers to the general state of health and self confidence which motivates adolescents to
work hard while keeping a right balance of their aspirations, realities and limitations. Since
adolescence is the age when the foundation of a good human life is laid we aimed to study well-
being in relation to the present adolescent leisure pursuits.
Method and Tools: The study was carried out on 100 high school adolescents of Chandigarh
comprising of 50 adolescents of Class IX from government school and 50 from a private school.
The standardized tools used were: General Well-Being Scale and Adolescent Leisure Interest
Profile.
Findings: The higher mean scores of passive leisure activities indicate more involvement in
them. Average general well-being scores indicate more involvement in passive leisure and an
unclear concept of general well-being.
Interpretation: The findings highlight the need of leisure time guidance and explaining the
correct meaning of well-being in its wider and comprehensive context in the school guidance and
counseling program.
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, Department of Community Education and Disability Studies, Panjab University,
Chandigarh
**Assistant Professor, Government College of Education, Chandigarh



DISASTER PSYCHOLOGY: THE SPARK FOR RUIN PSYCHE



*Punya Jolly **Tamanna Mahajan

ABSTRACT

"People's feelings are generally believed to vary along two dimensions: how intensely they are
felt and the degree to which they are pleasant versus unpleasant," write authors Lawrence E.
Williams. One who is exposed to disaster may experience a number of psychological problems
including PTSD, grief, anxiety, and increased substance abuse, but the evidence shows that less
than 30% of adults experience severe, lasting levels of these problems. The majority of people
exposed to a disaster experience passing distress but return to psychological health. In other
words, people tend to be psychologically resilient.

People react in different ways due to:
*Age
*Socio-economic status
*Gender
*Pre-existing disorders

How Psychological Preparation Help?
Being directly involved in any potentially life-threatening emergency situation can be genuinely
terriffying are likely to experience trauma in their lifetimes;
When people have a better understanding of their own likely psychological responses in natural
disaster warning situations this can help them to feel more in control and better able to cope.
Being psychologically prepared can assist people to think more clearly and reduce the risk of
serious injury and loss of life or property. These strategies inoculate' people against being
overly anxious or overwhelmed by their emotional responses, and will help prevent being caught
up in unhelpful thinking in an emergency situation. Obviously this approach will work better
with some disaster events that may be more frequent and to some extent more predictable, but
the psychological principles can be applied for any emergency.
How to cure?
Self help approaches as well as professional treatment
PROVIDING MATERIAL RELIEF in form of food, clothing, shelter, medical help an financial
help.
COUNSELLING at indiviual & group level.
REHABILITATION in the form of employment.
About Authors:
*&**Mata Sundri College, University of Delhi



ROLE OF LIFE SKILLS TRAINING FOR TEENAGERS WITH BEHAVIORAL
DIFFICULTIES

*Pushpa Sharma **Nov Rattan Sharma

ABSTRACT



Adolescence is a vital stage of growth and development. It marks the period of transition from
childhood to adulthood. It is characterized by rapid physiological changes and psychosocial
maturation. Adolescence is also the stage when young people extend their relationships beyond
parents and family and are intensely influenced by their peers and the outside world in general.
Adolescence is a turning point in ones life, a period of increased potential but also one of greater
vulnerability. Teenagers faces many behavioral difficulties, like self injurious behavior,
substance abuse, conduct disorder, anxiety disorders etc. Psychosocial competence is a persons
ability to deal effectively with the demands and challenges of everyday life. Psychosocial
competence has an important role to play in the promotion of health in its broadest sense; in
terms of physical, mental and social well-being. Life skills are the abilities for adaptive and
positive behavior that enable individuals to deal effectively with the demands and challenge of
everyday life. Life skill training plays a significant role in coping with behavioral problems faced
by teenagers. Studies have showed that life skill training is effective in reducing alcohol
consumption (Mackillop et al. 2006) and substance abuse Springer et al. 2004)

Keywords: Adolescence, Behavioral difficulties, Psycho-social Competences and Life Skill
Training
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, M.D. University, Rohtak.
**Professor, Department of Psychology, M.D. University, Rohtak.


EVE-TEASING: AN ACCELERATING CRIME

*Qurba Jahan **Musadiq Jahan

ABSTRACT

Historically women in India have suffered from sati, domestic violence. Presently they are pitted
against a rising crescendo of eve-teasing entailing verbal comments, harassment in public places,
physical abuse and even sexual violence. It is a growing menace across India. The present paper
highlights the issues and consequences of eve-teasing especially with reference to womens
perception regarding the same. The sample consists of 30 female, age ranged from 19-25yrs who
have been the victim of such traumatic experiences. The subjects were asked some open ended
questions and answers given to these questions were analyzed. The content analysis was carried
out with a view to draw relevant results.

Keywords: women, eve-teasing, crime
About Authors:
*Research scholar and **Professor, Department of psychology,Aligarh Muslim University,Aligarh




EMERGENCY PSYCHOLOGICAL AID THROUGH SUICIDE HELPLINES IN INDIA:
CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE CHALLENGES



*Ch. R. Prasad

ABSTRACT

According to the WHO, Suicide is among the top 20 causes of death across all age groups
globally and is the second leading cause of death in individuals between the ages of 10 and 24
years (World Health Organization, 2011). Suicide is essentially a major concern as regards
psychological well-being in the Indian context. According to the National Crime Records Bureau
(NCRB), the rate of suicide in India in 2009 has been calculated as 10.9 per 100,000 with 1,
27,151 persons committing suicide. There has been a steady increase in the suicide rates since
the 1980s with the last decade (1999-2009) showing an increase of 15.0% over the previous
decade in terms of the number of suicides recorded in India (NCRB, 2009). In such an alarming
scenario, the role of suicide helplines as instruments providing emergency and lifesaving
intervention becomes all the more important. However the number and outreach of suicide
helplines in India has been extremely lacking when compared to the scale of its requirement.
This poster tries to provide a brief overview of the nature of functioning of suicide helplines in
India, its presence and its current outreach. It also tries to analyze the areas of concern herein and
underlines the possibilities of improvement and how it could be achieved.
About Author:
*Department of Psychology and Parapsychology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam

MENTAL HEALTH: AN ESSENTIAL FOR JOB SATISFACTION

*Raghav Mehta

ABSTRACT

It is hard to conceive of an area of school activity where health is not an important factor,
whether in the lives and experiences of pupils, teachers, administrators, board members or
parents. The healthful Class room is one whose atmosphere and environments meets the needs of
the developing pupils, gives him a feeling of worth and helps him realize his best. There are so
many factors that effects the mental health of the teacher regarding their job satisfaction i.e.
external factor ,in service training , pre-service preperation,low salaries, other benefits regarding
their jobs, school culture ,challenges of the profession that led to the other problem like stress ,
anxiety ,frustrations etc that disturbs the mental health of the teachers. This type of
disturbances creates dissatisfaction regarding their jobs and profession. If a teacher is satisfied
with these aspects of his or her career, the decision is often made to be a stayer. If a teacher is
dissatisfied with these aspects of his or her career, the decision is often made to become a leave.
About Author:
*B.Sc (med), M.sc (Biotech), M.ED. Email: mehtasheenam72@gmail.com



GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES IN PERCEIVED STRESS
AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS



*Rajbir Singh Dhaliwal

ABSTRACT

Like beauty, stress lies in the mind of the beholder. The term stress is used to describe the
physical, emotional, cognitive and behavior responses to challenging events. Stress leads to
many physical, emotional and mental problems. The level of stress in a situation depends on the
intensity of meaning we attach to the source of stress. This is perceived stress. The aim of this
research was to study gender differences and age differences on perceived stress among college
adolescents. For this purpose sample comprised of total 60 students of different college in
Chandigarh their age range was 18 22 years. Half of them were boys and half of them were
girls. Sheldon Cohen perceived stress scale was used as tool. T-test was used to determine age
differences between groups. Results would be interpreted in terms of their implications.
About Author:
*Student, Department Of Psychology, P.G.G.C Sector 46, Chandigarh



ROLE SATISFACTION AMONG SCHOOL TEACHERS:
A COMPARITIVE STUDY BETWEEN NGO TEACHERS AND PRIVATE SCHOOL
TEACHERS IN AHMEDABAD

*Ruju Patel

ABSTRACT

Objective: The study aimed to identify and compare the role satisfaction of teachers working in
an NGO and teachers working in a private school by finding the extent to which psychological
needs are fulfilled. The psychological needs considered were achievement, affiliation, influence,
extension and control. Method: For the purpose of the study, the Motivational Analysis of
Organisation- Roles (MAO-R) questionnaire was used to determine the role satisfaction levels.
The instrument consisted of 25 questions pertaining to 5 Psychological needs as outlined by the
instrument developer, Dr. Udai Pareek. Results: The results indicated that the NGO teachers
have higher role satisfaction than private school teachers. NGO teachers had relatively higher
satisfaction on 3 (control, affiliation and influence) out of 5 psychological needs and private
school teachers had relatively higher satisfaction on 1(achievement) out of 5 needs. Both the
groups scored equally on 1(extension) out of 5 needs.
Key words: Role Satisfaction, Human Resources Management, Educators, Psychological Needs
About Author:
*School of Liberal Studies, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India




BULLYING AND MENTAL HEALTH OF ADOLESCENTS

*Ram Mehar



ABSTRACT

Bullying is the repeated intimidation or oppression of a person by a more powerful individual or
group. It differs from general conflict or aggression in being repetitive and involving a power
imbalance. In bullying, there is an intention to cause pain and discomfort for the victim, either
physically or emotionally. Differences in power may be related to physical strength or skill, or
may relate to perceived social power and influence. Bullies may focus their attentions on any
aspect that sets a person apart from others such as stature or disability, cultural or indigenous
status, sexual preferences, physical or intellectual ability. Cross-sectional and longitudinal
studies have recognized bullying and being victimized by bullies as health problems for school
children and adolescents because of their association with a range of adjustment problems,
including poor mental health and violent behaviour. Bully-victims, who are involved in both
bullying others and being bullied by others, have the greatest number of mental and behavioural
problems. Children needing special health care are especially vulnerable to being bullied.
Adolescents who are bullied have been found to have both physical health problems and mental
health problems, such as depression, anxiety, suicide ideation, hyperactivity, and conduct
problems and physical health problems. The effects of bullying on emotional health may persist
over time.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor in Education, University School of Open Learning, Panjab University, Chandigarh




PARENT CHILD RELATIONSHIP: MAINLY EMPASIZING ON AFFECTION

*Ravina Madan

ABSTRACT

Purpose of the study: The main aim of the study was to understand the parent child relationship,
the researcher highlights on the understanding from the childs point of view if the mother and
father are more affectionate towards the male child or the female child respectively.
Methodology: For the purpose of this study a sample size of 80 was selected from Ahmadabad
city, age group used was between 18-25 years of which 42 were females and 38 were males.
Indian version of Clarks questionnaire was used. After the data was collected the sample was
divided into males and females and mothers as well as fathers affection towards both the group
was calculated by descriptive analysis.
Results: The results of this study indicate that mothers affection towards the female child is
more as compared to the male child where as in the case of fathers the affection the results were
opposite. Fathers affection was more towards the male child. This is in contrast to the traditional
belief that girls are closer to their fathers and boys are closer to their mothers.
Recommendations: sample size could be increased and a small questionnaire with few items
would be better for the study.
Value/implementation: This study is helpful for teachers in school as well as for the parents. It
will help them understand their child better.


Key words: parents, child, parent-child relationship, mothers affection, fathers affection.
About Author:
*School Of Liberal Studies, Deparment Of Psychology,Pandit Deendayal Petroleus University,
Gandhinagar (Pdpu)



ADJUSTMENT: A KEY RESOURCE OF WELL-BEING AMONG YOUNG ADULTS

*Rekha ** Punam Midha *** Ritu Rani

ABSTRACT

Adjustment is a continuous process which starts from cradle to grave. The adjustment of young
adults is a matter of great concern for the psychologists because numerous responsibilities crop
up at this stage of life. How the adjustment in different spheres of life affect well-being is a big
query in the existing social scenario? Keeping this in mind, current researchers decided to
explore the potency of adjustment to predict well-being among young adults. A purposive
sample of 200 young adults aged 18-22 years old, both male and female was drawn from the
various colleges of Rohtak city. Results revealed the healthy adjustment pattern and higher
quality of well-being. Further multiple regression indicated that two areas of adjustment such as
emotional and home are found to be potent predictors of well-being of young adults.
Key Words: Adjustment, Well-being, Predictor, Young adults.
About Authors:
*M.Phil Trainee **Professor ***Research Scholar, Department of Psychology M.D.U. Rohtak



THE PARADOX OF CONNECTIVITY: A PILOT STUDY ON ADOLESCENTS

*Ritika Dhaliwal **Manjit Sidhu

ABSTRACT

Objective: To examine the relationship between adolescent self-reports of social networking and
psychosocial difficulties.

Method: One hundred urban adolescents (Males=46%) between the ages of 13 to 16 years (Mean
age=14.45 years, SD = .093) studying in classes 8
th
to 10
th
, completed the Strengths and
Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ, Goodman et al, 1998) and the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Russell
et al., 1978). A structured questionnaire was administered to obtain information from the
adolescent regarding the socio-demographic background, internet and phone usage, and sleep
patterns.

Results: Nearly 1/3
rd of
the participants (34%) reported spending between 1-2 hours on social
networking and chatting while 12% of the sample spent more than 2 hours on the same. Out of
the 93% (N=93) of the students who owned a mobile phone, 45% reported sending more than


100 text messages in a day. Adolescents who spent more time on social networking had
significantly higher scores on loneliness (F= 15.353, P= .000), total difficulties score on the SDQ
(F= 3.945, P = .023) and also reported fewer hours of sleep (F= 4.338, P=.016).

Conclusion: There is a need for sensitization programmes for adolescents and mental health
professionals to understand the implications of technology use for social connectivity.
About Authors:
*MCM DAV College for Women, Sector 36, Chandigarh, India




RESILIENCE AS A CORRELATE OF LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG TEENAGERS:
A CONTEMPORARY STUDY

*Ritu Rani **Punam Midha ***Rekha

ABSTRACT

India has the highest number of children (approximately 440 million) in the world who are
facing multifarious problems such as poverty, begging, child labour and malnutrition. Are such
children with their imbedded psychological assets such as resilience are successfully capable of
facing such adverse situations? Are they satisfied with their lives? With this questioning mind
the present researchers tried to investigate the relationship of resilience with life satisfaction of
teenagers. A sample of 60 teenagers aged 13-15 years both male and female were selected
purposively from the Kendriya vidyalaya Rohtak city. Results revealed that there is a significant
positive correlation between resilience and life satisfaction of teenagers.
Keywords: Resilience, Life satisfaction, Teenager
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, **Professor , ***M.Phil Trainee, Department of Psychology M.D.U. Rohtak.




LEVEL OF STRESS AND MENTAL HEALTH OF HYPOTHYROID PATIENTS

*P.K. Mona **Rubeena Khatoon

ABSTRACT

Present research is aimed to find out the level of stress and mental health of female hypothyroid
patients viz-a-viz their normal counter parts. Ex-post facto research design was used. The sample
for the study consisted of two groups. Group-I consisted of 50 female hypothyroid patients, age-
range from 30 to 50 years taken from the clinics of physicians and S.N. Medical College, Agra.
Group-II consisted of 20 non-hypothyroid females, matched with group-I in terms of age,
education and marital status. To measure the level of stress ICMR Psychological Stress
Questionnaire (Srivastava, 1992) and Mental Health Check-List (MHC, Kumar, 1992) was used.


Mann Whitney U test was applied to study the significance of difference between the level of
stress and mental health of the two groups. Coefficient of correlation was calculated to find the
relationship between level of stress and mental health of hypothyroid females. Results revealed
that hypothyroid and non-hypothyroid women differ with each other in their level of stress and
mental health. Hypothyroid females have found high level of stress and poor mental health as
compared to non-hypothyroid subjects. There is a negative correlation has been found between
level of stress and mental health of hypothyroid females. It is concluded that stress level has a
negative effect on mental health. High levels of stress affect hypothyroid females mental health.

Keywords:- Hypothyroid, Level of Stress, & Mental Health

About Authors:
*Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Dayalbagh Educational
Institute (Deemed University), Dayalbagh, Agra-10. shiney.angel1@gmail.com
**Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Dayalbagh Educational
Institute (Deemed University), Dayalbagh, Agra-10. E-mail: rubeena.khatoon27@gmail.com




EFFECT OF YOGA AND MEDITATION ON QUALITY OF LIFE: AN OVERVIEW

*Rupika Chopra ** Shakuntla Punia

ABSTRACT

Yoga is a form of mind-body fitness that involves a combination of muscular activity and an
internally directed mindful focus on awareness whereas meditation is a practice of concentrated
focus upon a sound, object, visualization, the breath, movement, or attention itself in order to
increase awareness of the present moment, reduce stress, promote relaxation, and enhance
personal and spiritual growth. Regular practicing of yoga promotes strength, endurance,
flexibility and facilitates characteristics of friendliness, compassion, and greater self-control.
Yoga enhances functioning of organs of the body by increasing blood flow.Many studies show
yoga reduces the risk of heart attack and stroke, lowers the resting heart rate, increases
endurance, and can improve the maximum uptake and utilization of oxygen during exercise.
Meditation induces a host of biochemical and physical changes in the body collectively referred
to as the "relaxation response". The relaxation response includes changes in metabolism, heart
rate, respiration, blood pressure and brain chemistry. Meditation has both short-term and long-
term effects on various perceptual faculties. Meditation can therefore influence both the quality
(accuracy) and quantity (detection) of perception. The purpose of this overview is to emphasize
the benefits of yoga and meditation in the daily life.
Keywords: yoga, meditation, health.
About Authors:
*M.Sc. Student **Professor-Department of Human Development and Family Studies,I. C. College of
Home Science,CCSHAU, Hisar -125004,Haryana, India,rupikachopra90@gmail.com






INFLUENCE OF HEALTH ANXIETY ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS

*Sabiha Baby

ABSTRACT

Health anxiety (hypochondria) is obsessive worrying about health, usually to the point where it
causes great distress and affects the ability to function properly. The present attempt was to
examine the influence of health anxiety on cardiovascular discords patients. 100 hypertensive
(HTN) patients and 100 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients were comprised as the sample
for this investigation. This sample was further categorized in term of gender, i.e. male and
female. Under hypertensive group there were 49 male and 51 female where as CAD group
consist as 70 male and 30 female. Health Anxiety Questionnaire (HAQ) by Lucock & Morley
(1996) was applied. HAQ has 22 items and four dimensions health worry and preoccupation,
fear of illness and death, reassurance seeking behavior and interference with life. Analysis of
Variance (ANOVA) was utilized for analyze the data. Analyses indicates that male and female
patients differed significantly on health worry and preoccupation, fear of illness and death,
reassurance seeking behavior and total health anxiety, whereas they did not differ on interference
with life. As for as the type of disease is concern (HTN and CAD), both the group of patients
were not differed on total health anxiety as well as its three dimensions (health worry and
preoccupation, fear of illness and death, and reassurance seeking behavior). It may be concluded
that patients either they are HTN and CAD, experience emotional distress due to the life
threatening nature of their disease a part from this psychological manifestation also influence
their medical outcomes. Both mechanisms, biological and behavioral may be responsible for the
link between psychological factors and various changes in medical conditions.

Key Words: Health Anxiety, Hypertension, CAD.

About Author:
*Post-Doctoral Fellow, Department of Psychology,AMU, Aligarh -sabihababy@gmail.com



POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES AND MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AT
WORKPLACE

*Shashi Prabha Kashyap

ABSTRACT

This study was an attempt to examine the relationship of certain positive psychological attributes
such as positive affectivity, resilience, and optimism with health status of employees working in
a production organization. The present study examines the physical, psychological and social
health of employees with their positive psychological attributes. The present study was
conducted on 100 supervisory level employees of manufacturingorganization in India. Tools


used for data collection in this study were General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg, & Hiller,
1979), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), and Resilience &
Optimism Scale (Srivastava, 2008). The results reveal that positive psychological attributes;
positive affectivity, resilience and optimism were found to be negatively correlated with ill-
health status. The result of stepwise multiple regression analysis shows that resilience and
positive affectivity emerge as significant predictors to influence the health of the employees were
as positive affectivity and resilience are emerge a best predictor for physical health, resilience for
the psychological health, and resilience has emerged as best predictor of social health.
Psychological well-being and physical health of employees play an important role in the smooth
functioning of an organization and positivity boosts it. Thus, being a positive frame in mind
employees contribute their best and should be encouraged the practice of maintaining good
health.
Keywords: Health, Positive Affectivity, Resilience, Optimism.
About Author:
*Sandeep Kumar, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, INDIA




OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND ITS EFFECT ON EMPLOYEE WELLBEING

*Rajvir Kaur **Sakshi Sharma

ABSTRACT

Occupational stress has become a prominent problem for contemporary organisations. There is
considerable evidence to suggest that organisations not adhering to occupational stress strategies
are unintentionally paving way for a sick workforce with gradual reduction in their physical and
mental competencies. The present paper aims at conceptual analysis of occupational stress
through systematic review of pertinent literature available on stress and its effect on
psychological wellbeing. For the above stated purpose, an extensive literature review was
conducted by searching relevant databases, such as ebscohost, emeraldinsight, proquest, etc. Ten
key occupational stressors were explored in this process: unhealthy relationship with supervisor,
ineffective leadership style, lack of control at work, work overload, lack of challenges, role
conflict, role ambiguity, unfair pay, communication gap and lack of advancement opportunities.
Review of literature also indicates negative association of occupational stressors with
psychological wellbeing. Thus, in order to devise strategies for the alienation of stress at work,
attention has been drawn to the significance of understanding the nature of the organisations
where stress occurs. Basically, organisations can control the occupational stressors and reduce
their negative effect on psychological health of employees by adopting certain stress reducing
interventions. Infact, several organisations have reported considerable success by implementing
various organisational stress reducing strategies, yet an examination of the literature reviewed
reveals that the organisations still widely suffer from problem of occupational stress. Keeping
this in view, the study also explains various individual and organisational stress management
strategies and programs to overcome work-related stress.

Keywords - Occupational stressors, psychological wellbeing, stress coping strategies.


About Authors:
*Research Scholar-School of Business Administration,Lovely Professional University,Punjab INDIA-
**PG Department of Commerce, University of Jammu,J & K INDIA



REHABILITATION PSYCHOLOGY IN INDIA: SCOPE AND CHALLENGES

*Sandeep Kumar Jain,

ABSTRACT

Aim of this study is to explore various aspects related to practice of rehabilitation psychology in
India. Rehabilitation psychologists apply psychological principles for the welfare of persons with
disabilities and chronic illnesses. Mental retardation, hearing impairment, visual impairment,
locomotion disabilities, mental illness, low vision, leprosy cured disability, autism, cerebral palsy
and multiple disabilities are considered Disability as per existing laws in India. Rehabilitation
Psychologists are providing services to persons with these disabilities and their family members.
Under the spectrum of rehabilitation; psychological assessment, behavior modification, cognitive
therapies, family counseling and trainings are being provided by the psychologists.
Rehabilitation psychologists are working at various National Institutes, Composite rehabilitation
centre, District Disability Rehabilitation Centre, Hospitals, academic institutions and NGOs.
Although rehabilitation psychologists are serving at broad range of setups and diversified
population, there are few institutes running training programmes in the field of rehabilitation
psychology. Remuneration is not sufficient enough in most of the settings. Large numbers of
psychologist are working without formal training/course in rehabilitation psychology. Clear
strategies and professional commitment are needed to face these challenges. Convergence of
Government and non-government efforts is required to flourish the field of rehabilitation
Psychology.
About Author:
**Ph.D.-Amity University of Haryana, Gurgaon




A STUDY ON WHAT FACTORS CAN INFLUENCE AN INDIVIDUAL TO COMMIT A
CRIME: A QUALITATIVE STUDY WITH RESPECT TO PSYCHOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVE

*Sania Girdhar

ABSTRACT

Crime has always been prevailing in our society from a long time. A crime can be defined as an
act or action that is against the legal code or law laid down by our constitution. At the same time
criminals are considered as insane and dangerous people. The present study tries to confront
what factors can be responsible for making a normal individual to turn into an inhumane


individual. A person never steps out of the house keeping in mind that he will murder someone
today? Or will rape an innocent girl. A sample of 30 prisoners were taken and interviewed about
their life circumstances before they committed their first crime and what lead them to commit
that inhumane act. The interview method also helped us to evaluate a persons patterns of
thought, attitudes, observational capacity and emotional responses to open-ended questions. We
found that our results were very much supportive with the review of the research literature. Also
from the findings we analyzed that there are many psychological, environmental, neurological
and social factors that can be held responsible for a person committing a crime, whether it is a
crime against person, property, morality, white collar crime or organized crime etc.
About Author:
*Masters in psychology, jesus & mary college study center-0713,delhi- 110017 Affiliated institution
Indira Gandhi National Open University,delhi,India.Sania.girdhar.3@gmail.com




MISCONCEPTIONS OF CRIMINAL PROFILING IN INVESTIGATIVE
PSYCHOLOGY

*Sanjay Raman,

ABSTRACT

Criminal Profiling (CP) is the practice of predicting a Criminals personality, behavioral, and
demographic characteristics based on Crime Scene Evidence (CSE). This practice is being
utilized globally by police agencies despite any scientific evidence of its reliability, validity and
effectiveness. This inconsistency between use and deficient empirical support make people think
and believe CP works despite lack of evidence. This paper reveals the misconception of CP in
terms of the nature of information, delivered to the community and processing the same.

The misconception of CP is classified into five elements. Firstly the current knowledge of CP is
projected. This element includes the frequency level of which CP is practiced in Criminal
Investigations and the extent of which police officers and mental health professionals distinguish
CP as a significant instrument. Second important factor is argument. CP has no source in
scientific assessments and has inadequate experimental support as an investigative tool. The third
and fourth elements cover the consideration and the incidental discrepancy between the lack of
evidence behind CP practices and beliefs about its effectiveness. Especially the third element
discusses the ways; information about CP is distorted as it is conveyed. The fourth element
discusses about cognitive tendencies in aid of learning and analyzing the CP. But the Police
Officers, Profilers and the rest of us led to form an erroneous trust regarding CP. This paper
concludes with a spat that CP should not be used as an investigative tool until it receives
sufficient scientific endorsements.
About Author:
*Counseling Psychologist, King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research, (Dept of Medical
Education, Govt of Tamilnadu), Guindy, Chennai-600 032.-E.mail-sanjay_raman@yahoo.com





BODY IMAGE IN YOUNG ADULTS AND INFLUENCE OF MEDIA

*Sangeeta C Sindhu, **Pratibha Gera ***Santosh Sangwan


ABSTRACT

In the new millennium, the most frequent accusation has been that the media are causing
obesity. People spend their days chatting online or watching TV while snacking on nutritionally
empty foods. Similarly, the adult workplace has become more and more sedentary. There is a
significant dichotomy between societys idealized zero figure and the more typical Indian body.
Young vulnerable minds today are on one hand exposed to junk food and on the other hand to
glamour world of fashion, where everyone wants to be ultra thin. Worshipping of role models in
different walks of life such as fashion, film industry or sports has resulted in a present day
generation, which is a mix of either overweight or undernourished ultra slims with a very low
ratio of youth that can be termed as nutritionally healthy. The present study was designed to
study the media habits and influence of media on weight status and body satisfaction of young
adults (18-21 yrs.) in three districts of Haryana. Of the total, 30.6 % subjects were underweight
and 10.7% were overweight; 59.2% subjects agreed that media influences the concept of ideal
body weight; 43.9% subjects had at some point desired to lose weight due to media idols and
45% showed body shape dissatisfaction. Pearsons Chi square test revealed a statistically
significant (p<0.05) association between BMI and levels of media exposure. A correlation and
regression test between BMI and media exposure depicted a positive correlation between the
two.
About Authors:
*Deptt of Foods & Nutrition, COHS, CCSHAU Hisar-E.mail-chahalsangeeta@yahoo.com
**Deptt of Home Science, Govt College Ambala Cantt
***Deptt of HDFS, COHS, CCSHAU Hisar, E-mail-sangwan.santosh@gmail.com



PARENTAL ACCEPTANCE - REJECTION IN RELATION TO EMOTIONAL AND
SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE AMONG ADOLESCENTS

*Sarika Kumar

ABSTRACT

The study aimed at examining relationship of Parental Acceptance and Rejection with Emotional
and Social Intelligence among adolescents. It was hypothesized that parental acceptance will
positively affect the adolescents Emotional and Social Intelligence. In this study, the randomly
selected sample of 100 adolescents of age range of 13-19 years was taken with equal
representation of male and female. A set of standard instruments comprising Hindi Version of
Parental Acceptance Rejection Questionnaire, Emotional Intelligence Scale and Social
Intelligence Test was administered. Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ)
(adapted by Prakash and Bhargava, 1979) Youth form was used. The PARQ consist of four
subscales which measure parental warmth / affection ( 20 items ) ; parental hostility / aggression


( 15 items ) and parental neglect / in difference ( 15 items ) ; and parental rejection ( 10 items ).
The self-report questionnaire items were score on a 4-point LikertScale. Emotional Intelligence
Scale developed (Prasad.S, 2009) consisted of 40 statements with five probable answers of each,
to measure the level of emotional intelligence.Social Intelligence Test (Mathur.S, 2007) is a 50
statement scale. Each statement had three alternatives Yes, indefinite and No. Scoring
was done and Pearson Product Moment of correlation applied for data analysis. Findings of the
present study showed positive correlation between parental acceptance-rejection and self-esteem.
Parentally accepted adolescents had positive Social and Emotional Intelligence.
Keywords: Parental Acceptance; Rejection; Social Intelligence, Emotional Intelligence Among
Adolescents
About Author:
* M.A. (Psychology) School of Social Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University-
sarika1kumar@gmail.com



THE ROLE OF SOCIAL APPROVAL MOTIVES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-
HANDICAPPING AMONG ADOLESCENTS

* Vandana Sharma **Sarita Sharma,

ABSTRACT

Self handicapping is an individuals attempts to reduce a threat to esteem by actively seeking or
creating factors that interfere with performance as a causal explanation for failure. The present
study was conducted to identify the factors related to approval motives which may contribute in
the development of self handicapping.
The sample of the present study consisted of 300 adolescents (150 boys, 150 girls) from C.B.S.E.
Schools located in Meerut city, India. A scale was prepared and used to measure self-
handicapping and Approval Motive Scale by N.K.M. Tripathi and Roma Pal for approval
motives. Multiple regression analysis was employed for analysis of data.
Social approval, Defensiveness and Dependency were found significantly contributing in the
development of Self- handicapping.
Result indicates that three dimensions of Approval motives emerged as predictors of self-
handicapping. Negative Correlation between Approval motives and self- handicapping suggests
that adolescents with low level of Social approval, Defensiveness and Dependency were found
high on self handicapping.

Key Words: Self-handicapping, Social approval, Adolescents
About Authors:
*Reader, S.D. (P.G.) College, Ghaziabad** Ph.D Scholar, Meerut College, Meerut


A STUDY OF SELF-EFFICACY, VULNERABILITY AND EMOTIONAL WELLBEING
AS COGNITIVE HEALTH PREDICATORS

*Ms Sonakshi Ruhela & ** Neelam Pandey



ABSTRACT

Self-efficacy is a belief in one's capability to organize and accomplish the courses of action
required to manage potential situations as referred by Bandura (1997). Vulnerability is basically
uncertainty, risk, and emotional exposure & a sense of vulnerability is seen as indispensable for
behavioral change operating jointly with beliefs about positive health outcomes and appropriate
coping resources. Emotional well being refers to the emotional quality of an individual's
everyday experience and the frequency & intensity of experiences of joy, stress, sadness, anger,
and affection that make one's life pleasant or unpleasant. This paper elucidates a number of
closely related predicators by dividing them into the categories of Self efficacy, vulnerability and
emotional wellbeing. The results indicate to the distinction made between three kinds of
emotional well-being that depend on cognitive attritional style, positive health outcome
expectancies, or personal execution of desired goals. Perceived self-efficacy exerts its influence
through four major processes. They include cognitive, motivational, affective, and selection
processes. The Findings also substantiate the strength of these constructs in predicting positive
health outcomes.
Key words: Self-efficacy; Vulnerability; Emotional Wellbeing; Health
About Authors:
* Assistant Professor, Amity Institute of Psychology and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Uttar
Pradesh, Noida
** Assistant Professor, Amity Institute of Psychology and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Uttar
Pradesh, Noida



DIABETES AND YOGIC TREATMENT

*Savita Arya **Mohinder Kumar

ABSTRACT
In the modern times, the materialistic attitude and mechanized life style had caused the origin of
unhealthy lifestyle based chronic diseases. As per trend of medical research in the last 2-3
decades, it was being revealed that the human beings had been suffering mainly from Diabetes,
Hypertension, Bronchial-asthma, Cervical-spondylosis, Mental-stress, Depression, Gastric-
acidity, Constipation, Irritating bowl syndrome, Back-ache, Common cold, Arthritis,
Dysmenorrhoea. Yoga has been popularized and well recognised all over the world in the past
few decades for its promotive, preventive and curative aspects of health. For the restlessness
mind, it had given solace (Bloomfieldd, et al.,1975), for the sick, it had been a boon (Brena et al.
1975) and for a common man, it has been fashion of the day to keep himself fit and beautiful
(Saraswati Swami, 1975). The present study is aiming at analytical and logical basis of
prescribing the scientific Yoga-practices in the management of a specific disease and thereby
overcoming the ambiguity in finalizing Yoga-therapy-schedule in a specific disease. As the
designed Yoga-therapy-schedule is based on holistic approach of Yoga-therapy, the objective of
strengthening the modern trend of Yoga-therapy, involving Yoga based life style modifications,
would be achieved. The present study would also be aiming to improve the confidence level of
Yoga-therapist in treating the educated and intellectual patients by submission of logic and


reasoning in selection of specific Yoga- practices. In the light of the above said context and
thereby finalizing a specific Yogic-schedule of Yogic-therapy for a particular disease. This will
help the educationists, students of various Yoga courses, researchers and investigators to
understand logic and reasoning of prescribing a particular Yogic-practice in the treatment of a
specific disease. This will overcome the ambiguity in selecting Yogic-practices for further
research. The present study emphases to improve the percentage of efficacy of Yogic-practices
of a Yoga-therapy schedule, as the schedule would have scientific basis of prescription of a
specific Yoga-practice. Moreover, it will provide scientific firm footings and authenticity to
Yoga-therapy in modern times. In view of constraints and limitations, the present study would
only be confined to the one disease only Diabetes.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor-Psychology, Govt. College of Yoga-Education & Health, Chandigarh.
**Yoga-Instructor, Govt. College of Yoga-Education & Health, Chandigarh.




PERSONALITY PROFILE OF ALCOHOL DEPENDENTS AND IMPACT OF LONGER
DURATION OF DEPENDENCE ON PERSONALITY

*Savita Pahil **K.Rangaswami

ABSTRACT

Mental Health is a state of well-being in which every individual realizes his/her own potential,
can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and is able to make a
contribution to his/her community. Poor mental health affects a large part of our population at
any one time and about one in 4 people at some point during their life time. One of the factor
which affects mental health and well-being is Alcohol. Alcoholic beverages have been used in
human societies since the beginning of recorded history. The patterns of alcohol intake around
the world are constantly evolving, and alcohol is ubiquitous today. Research has contributed
substantially to our understanding of the relation of drinking to specific disorders, and has shown
that the relation between alcohol consumption and health outcomes is complex and
multidimensional. Alcohol dependence has enormous costs as it pertains to societies, families
and individuals. The problem of alcohol addiction does not only ruin the addicts but their
dependents and relatives also have to suffer the consequences of this problem. It is the leading
cause of lost productivity resulting from missed workdays as well as home and industrial
accidents. As such there is no alcoholics personality/personality constellation, but it is found
that there are some personality alterations due to drinking. Alcohol dependence is found to have
high physical, psychological and psychiatric co-morbidity and can also lead to some of the
psychiatric problems.
The objective of the present study was to ascertain the personality traits of alcohol dependents
and to compare with normal sample. It was also intended to identify the possible alteration of
personality due to prolonged use of alcohol by using CAQ. In total, 75 subjects were selected;
out of whom, 55 were alcohol dependents (with 1-3yrs of duration, 3-5yrs of duration and more
than 5yrs of duration) and 20 were normal subjects (used as control group). Results indicates that
alcohol dependents differ significantly from normal subjects with respect to some of the


personality variables and vary significantly on some of the personality traits due to longer
duration of alcohol dependence.
About Authors:
*Department of Psychology, MDU, Rohtak.
**Former Head of Clinical Psychology, SRIH, Secunderabad.




SOCIO-EMOTIONAL SCHOOL READINESS OF CHILDREN: A CHALLENGING
ISSUE

*Seema Rani **S.Punia ***N.Rani

ABSTRACT

There is clear evidence that when young children are aggressive and are rejected by their peers in
the early school years, they are at risk for long-term difficulties, including lower academic
achievement, grade retention, dropping out of school, delinquency, and criminal behavior.
Children with social-emotional skill deficits also have high rates of expulsion from preschool
classrooms. Children with social-emotional competence engage more with peers and teachers,
participate in classroom activities, enjoy learning, and are more likely to experience a positive
transition from preschool to next grade. The present study was conducted in Hisar city of
Haryana state and 30 pre- school children and their parents were selected as respondents. An
intervention was developed & implemented on pre-school children to promote their social
emotional school readiness. results indicates that significant difference were found between pre&
post exposure of intervention on different parameter (Self awareness behavior, Self regulation
behavior, Empathy behaviour, Social relationship, Copping skill behavior) of socio- emotional
school readiness. Children with social-emotional competence engage more with peers and
teachers, participate in classroom activities, enjoy learning, and are more likely to experience a
positive transition from preschool to next grade. For parents and families, school readiness
means they are engaged in the long-term, lifelong success of their child. Socio- emotional school
readiness is very important to gain achievement in later life, children who have commenced
school without developing vital readiness skills, have been identified as 'at risk' for their future
academic, social and occupational success. School Readiness means that children are ready for
school, families are ready to support their childrens learning, and schools are ready for children.
Social-emotional competence is an important component of young childrens school readiness as
it continues to contribute to academic success.
About Authors:
*Ph.D. Scholar,
** & *** Professor-Department of Human Development and Family Studies, CCS Haryana Agricultural
University, Hisar-125004, Haryana

EXPLORING HAPPINESS AMONG KALPWASIES IN MAGH MELA OF
ALLAHABAD, INDIA

*Seema Singh **Kishwar Jahan




ABSTRACT

True happiness called ananda in Sanskrit is the highest goal and ultimate motivation of human
action. The aim of the present study was to explore psycho-social correlates of happiness in a
specific religious context during Magh-Mela in Allahabad among Kalpwasies, i.e. the pilgrims,
who take a vow to stay for a month in Mela and follow strict and disciplined religious rituals to
gain religious merits. The sample consisted of 20 participants (10 males and 10 females) were
selected by purposive sampling method. Data was collected through semi structured interviews
with Kalpawasies. On the basis of initial content analysis the result of the study revealed that
beyond the self , astha, selflessness, collective shared, emotions, spirituality, faith and a strong
hope for Mokhas, Dan, Punya, simple living, satsang, a temporary physical and mental
separation from worldly life, Anasakti (non-attachment) and the feeling of oneness etc. are
emerges as a correlates of happiness. The study suggests that this is an effective way of
transformation of self accompanied with greater feeling of oneness and individual and collective
harmony which leads greatest feeling of happiness.

Keywords: Happiness, Kalpwasi,
About Authors:
* Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad.
**Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad.



WELLBEING AND ENVIRONMENTAL WORRY IN INDUSTRIAL AND NON-
INDUSTRIAL REGIONS- A COMPARISON

*Praseetha Asokan **Greetta Joseph,

ABSTRACT

As modern social beings, mankind has flourished amidst the glory of its industrial and
technological advancements. This study attempts to inquire on whether Psychological wellbeing
is in any way affected by environmental worry and whether both these variables show any
significant difference with respect to area of residence. Data was collected from individuals
residing in the industrial area of Edayar and those living in non-industrial areas ranging from
ages 21 to 59. The scales used were The Environmental worry scale (EWS, 1996), a 17 item
scale developed by Bowler and Schwarzer and the Scale for Psychological wellbeing developed
by Ryff and Singer (1998). The obtained results showed that the personal growth dimension of
well-being was found to be high in the non- industrial area. Significant positive relationship was
found between environmental worry and total well-being and the personal growth dimension of
well-being. The results imply that people have developed a sense of passivity in their
helplessness toward their predicament and, from some of their testimonials, say that they have no
other option but to live their lives the best they can in the present situation.
Key words: Environmental worry, Subjective well-being.
About Authors:
*M Sc. Psychology **Asst. professor, Union Christian College, Aluva, Kerla




SPIRITUALITY: IMPACT ON STRESS AND WELL BEING DURING ADOLESCENCE

*Shagoon Maurya **Daisy Sharma

ABSTRACT

Spirituality is a process of re-formation which aims to recover the original shape of man, the
image of God. Spirituality is associated with mental health, managing substance abuse, stress,
marital functioning, parenting, coping and psychological well-being. The various studies
examines that spirituality has positive impact on the life of people as it improves their quality of
life, better well-being, reduces stress. The present study was an attempt to investigate the impact
of spirituality on stress among adolescence and their wellbeing. The sample consisted of sixty
subjects (where 30 spiritual &30 non-spiritual). In total three questionnaires were used:
Integrated Spirituality Intelligence Scale, perceived stress scale, Ryff's well-being scale. The age
group consisted in the sample was late adolescence (15-18 years). It was hypothesized that
spiritual people have a better well-being and life satisfaction and experiences lesser stress than
those who are non-spiritual. The statistical tool of Pearson's coefficient of correlation was used to
study the relationship between spirituality, stress and well-being of late adolescence. Data
collection is still in process.
Keywords: Spirituality, Psychological Well-Being, Life Satisfaction, Stress, Pearson's
Coefficient Of Correlation.
About Authors:
*Student, Bachelors in Psychology, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, DU.
**Assistant Professor, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, DU



A STUDY OF LIFE SATISFACTION AND OPTIMISM AMONG EMPLOYED AND
UNEMPLOYED YOUTHS

*Shailendra Kumar Sharma **Prof. S. K. Srivastava

ABSTRACT

Life satisfaction is considered as the highest goal of human life in each and every cultural
paradigm whereas optimism leads human beings towards a bright side of life and gives a self
confidence & positive mental framework. Employment plays a crucial role in life satisfaction
and optimism. Present study was undertaken with the objective of to understand the level of life
satisfaction and optimism among employed and unemployed youths. Study was also planned to
investigate the relationship between life satisfaction and optimism among target group. Study
was conducted at various cities in Uttarakhand. In order to achieve the objectives, 100
participants were selected using simple random sampling. Standardized tools by Huebner (1997)
and Scheier & Carver (1985) were used to assess the life satisfaction and Optimism respectively.
Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. Cross tabulations were done among
relevant variables. Findings of the study reveal that employment is a key factor in life


satisfaction and optimism of participants. Life satisfaction and optimism were found greater
among employed youths in comparison to unemployed youths.
About Authors:
*Ph.D. Student in Psychology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar
** Professor, Department of Psychology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar



CONSCIOUSNESS, RELIGIOSITY AND LOCUS OF CONTROL AS PREDICTORS OF
WELL-BEING AMONG YOUNG ADOLESCENTS

*Preet Kumari **Shaktiyanshi Raundeley


ABSTRACT

The main aim of present study was to examine the relationships between well-being, Religiosity,
Consciousness and locus of control among young adolescents. In this study, contribution of
consciousness would be remarkable as compared to Religiosity and locus of control towards
well-being. A study was made on convenient sample of 50 young adolescents (females) age
range of 18 to 22 years and used 4 tools (i) Well-being scale (Edinburgh, 2006) (ii) Religiosity
scale (Bhusan,1970) (iii) Consciousness scale (Brazdau,2009) (iv)Locus of control scale
(Rotter,1966). Co relational design was used. Results indicate that Well-being and Religious
scores are positively correlated (r=0.31, p<0.05). There is also high positive co relational
between well-being and consciousness scores (r=0.42, p<0.01). Thus increases in consciousness
and religious scores led to increase in well=being scores among young adolescents.
Multiple regression analysis was also used (R=0.46) and it showed that Consciousness has
highest contribution in determination of criterion variable i.e. well-being, the regression
coefficient being 0.16. Religiosity has moderate contribution and locus of control has least
contribution, the regression coefficient being 0.06 and 0.001 respectively.
Keywords- Consciousness, Religiosity, Locus of control
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Department Of Psychology, Faculty Of Social Sciences, Dayalbagh, Agra 282110
**Student Of M.Phil, Psychology, Department Of Psychology, Faculty Of Social Sciences, Dayalbagh
Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra 282110


THE ROLE OF LOCUS OF CONTROL IN THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE
PARENTS OF ADOLESCENTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY

*Ahuja, S **Reddy, K.J.

ABSTRACT




Background: This study aimed to examine the relationship between LOC and Quality Of Life
(QOL) of parents of adolescents with ID. It was hypothesized that there would be a positive
relationship between the Internal (individual) LOC and QOL and a negative relationship
between the External (powerful others and chance) LOC and QOL of parents of adolescents
with ID. Method: A cross-sectional survey design was used. The sample comprised of 42
parents (22 mothers & 20 fathers) of adolescents (11-17 years) with ID, studying at 6 different
special schools in Bangalore. Either mother or father of the adolescent was contacted to fill the
questionnaires. The parents who satisfied the inclusion criteria and gave consent were asked to
complete the Levensons LOC scale and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire.
Results: Spearman Correlation coefficient was used to test the hypothesis. In the present study
no evidence was found to support the hypothesis that the internal LOC would be correlated to
better QOL. But the results showed a significant negative relationship between the Chance LOC
and environmental QOL, rs (40) = -0.48 (p= .001). The results also showed a negative
relationship between Chance LOC and physical QOL, rs (40) = -0.33 (p= .01).
Conclusion: The findings of the study showed that the parents attributing outcomes to chance
have impaired QOL, especially in the environmental and physical domains. Implications and
limitations of the research were discussed.

About Authors:
*&**Department of Psychology, CMR Institute of Management Studies, Bangalore.



A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP OF PARENTAL-ACCEPTANCE-REJECTION AND
SELF-ESTEEM

*Shilpa Singh Rohilla

ABSTRACT

Parents may be warm and loving or hostile, and may be accepting or rejecting. Each pattern of
parental behavior effects the personality development of children. Parental acceptance and
rejection has major impact on self-esteem of the individual. The present research is aimed to
study the relationship between parental acceptance and self-esteem among females. After review
of literature it was hypothesized that there would be positive correlation between parental
acceptance and self-esteem. To test this hypothesis the sample of 60 subjects (females age range
20-22) was selected from different departments of Panjab University Chandigarh. The subjects
were made to complete R.P Rohner Parental Acceptance and Rejection Questionnaire (PAQR)
adult form and Rosenbergs self-esteem scale. Correlation as statistical tool was used. The results
obtained show that there is positive correlation between parental acceptance and self-esteem.
About Author:
*PhD (Fellow) Department of Psychology, Panjab University Chandigarh



CORRELATIONAL STUDY BETWEEN EMOTIONAL MATURITY AND
AGGRESSION IN FEMALES



*Shivali Kashyap.

ABSTRACT

The relationship between emotional maturity and aggression in females between the ages 19 to
22 was investigated in this study. The Emotional Maturity Scale by Roma Pal and Aggression
Scale by Roma Pal and Tasneem Naqvi were used respectively. The study was conducted on 60
college students at Hisar. Mean, standard deviation and variance of emotional maturity data were
90.38, 23.42 and 548.6. Mean, standard deviation and variance for aggression data were 76.06,
21.56 and 464.8. Pearsons product moment correlation was used that showed significant
negative correlation between emotional maturity and aggression. ( r = - 0.696 , p <0.01 ).
Multiple Regression was carried out to see the relationship between various components of
emotional maturity and aggression. It was found that faulty social adjustment and lack of
independency were significant predictors of aggression. (R
2
= 0.56, p< 0.05).

Keywords: emotional maturity, aggression, negative correlation, multiple regression, faulty
social adjustment, lack of independency.
About Author:
*Lecturer, Deptt of Psychology, F.C. College, Hisar.



ROLE OF JOB SATISFACTION, EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL: INDIAN ORGANIZATIONS MILIEU

*Shivani Dangi **Sonika Dangi

ABSTRACT

The human resources are the most important asset of an organization. The success or failure of
an organization is largely dependent on the capability of the people working therein. The human
resources help in transforming the lifeless factors of production into useful products. Thus, the
satisfaction of the employees is an indispensible factor for the organization to consider. This
study attempts at associating job satisfaction with employee engagement and psychological
capital of the employees. The present study tries to find the correlations between these three
variables that affect the performance of an employee. It also aims at determining whether
employee engagement and psychological capital satisfactorily predict job satisfaction of the
employees. The sample was taken from the various clerical level employees working in different
Indian government organizations. The sample size was 75 that included employees belonging to
different strata of the society. The study found that all the three variables, viz., job satisfaction,
employee engagement and psychological capital have high positive correlation. It is also
established from the present study that employee engagement can predict job satisfaction to a
satisfactory extend whereas psychological capital cannot predict job satisfaction.
Keywords: Human Resources, Psychological capital, Job satisfaction, Satisfactory
About Authors:
*&**Lecturer, Deptt of Psychology, F.C. College, Hisar.




IMPACT OF ANGER ON ADOLESCENCE

*Shivani Kant **S. K. Srivastava

ABSTRACT

Adolescence word comes from latin adolescere meaning to grow up is a transitional stage of
physical & psychological human development that generally occurs during the period from
puberty to legal adulthood. Many problems can occur when young man & women are adjusting
to these changes, one of which is the experience of Anger. Anger is the emotion related to ones
psychological interpretation of having been offended, wronged or denied and a tendency to react
through relation. Aggression, depression and suicidal tendency are few of the problems related to
anger. In addition to understanding the impact of anger, it is also important to understand why
some youth are likely to experience anger. Social support, bullying, family interactions,
personality, and home environment have been identified as contributing factor. After examining
Impact of Anger on Adolescence, this paper also seeks to elucidate possible interventions for the
problem.

Keywords: Anger, Adolescence
About Authors:
*Ph.D. Student in Psychology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar
**Professor, Department Of Psychology, Gurukul Kangri University-Haridwar




RELATIONSHIP OF DEPRESSION, FAMILY ENVIRONMENT AND SELF CONCEPT
OF ADOLESCENTS

*Supninder Kaur **Talwar Mini Satish ***Dhirendra Kumar Pandey

ABSTRACT

Depression in adolescence has become a subject of considerable research over the past few
decades. Various risk factors have been linked to depression in adolescents, comprising of social
factors, family environment, personality type, self concept and genetic factors along with
stressful events. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship among depression,
family environment and self concept of adolescents. The sample consisted of 200 adolescents
(100 males and 100 females) studying in the secondary schools of Ambala. Mental Depression
Scale (Dr. L.N. Dubey), Family Environment Scale (Dr. Bhatia and Dr. Chadha) and Self
Concept Questionnaire (R.K.Saraswat) were used to collect data. Results revealed that
depression is negatively and significantly related with four dimensions of family environment
namely cohesion, active recreational orientation, independence and organization whereas it is
positively related with conflict in the family. Significant differences were found in the family
environment and self concept of adolescents scoring high and low on depression.


About Authors:
*&**Assistant Professor, P.K.R. Jain College of Education, Ambala City
***Research Scholar-P.K.R. Jain College of Education Ambala City




ROLE OF VOLUNTEERISM IN DETERMINING TIME PERSPECTIVE AND WELL-
BEING OF INDIAN URBAN POPULATION

*Ganga Tiwari **Shriya Sharma ***Vivek Chaudhary ****Pragyendu

ABSTRACT

Volunteerism is the principle of donating time and energy for the benefit of other people in the
community as a social responsibility rather than for any financial reward. It has positively
influenced in the development of society, economy and human resources. Particularly focussing
on the development of the human resources which is the highlight of our study, it benefits the
volunteers by increasing one's self confidence, combating depression and contributes in one's
physical and mental wellbeing. Research studies show that most people do in fact hold the belief
that helping others is a good way to gain fulfilment for yourself . In this present research we
intend to identify the effect of volunteerism on well-being and how it is related with the concept
of time perspective. In this study the total sample size is (N=200) and the respondents were of
three different age group segments like adolescence, middle age and senior citizens. It was found
that individuals belonging to past hedonistic tendency of time perspective are more involved in
voluntary activities and also have a high level of well-being. And most of the volunteers belong
to 30-55 years of age group having middle socio-economic status. Future time perspective was
significantly predicting the career for voluntary activities and determining individual well-being.

Key words- Volunteerism, time-perspective and well-being among volunteers.
About Authors:
*Ganga Tiwari - Student, BA (H) Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (E), University Of Delhi.
**Shriya Sharma- Student, BA (H) Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (E), University Of Delhi.
***Vivek Chaudhary- Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Sri
Aurobindo College (E), University Of Delhi.
****Pragyendu- Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Psychology, Sri Aurobindo College (E),
University Of Delhi.



THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL INVOLVEMENT ON WELL-BEING: AN
EMPIRICAL STUDY

*Pragyendu **Sujit Tripathi ***Shruti Dua ****Mayank Sharma

ABSTRACT



The present study tries to access to the relationship between environmental self -identity,
biospheric values, pro -environmental behaviour and how it is related to volunteerism and well-
being. In this study volunteerism works as a mediating variable. The sample (N=250) was drawn
from metropolitan city Delhi. Environmental self -identity, biospheric values, pro environmental
behaviour, volunteerism and well-being assess with the help of standardized measures. Result
shows that, volunteerism was positively related to environmental self-identity, biospheric values,
pro environmental behaviour. Also well-being was positively related to volunteerism. Mediating
regression analysis shows that energy saving self-identity, environmental activism, biospheric
values and pro-environmental behaviour are important predictor of volunteerism and well-being.
It was also found that volunteerism significantly predicted to the well-being. The whole findings
suggested that environmental engagement leads to enhance well-being.

Keywords: Environmental self-identity, energy saving self-identity, environmental activism,
biospheric values, volunteerism, well-being and pro-environmental behaviour.
About Authors:
*Pragyendu (Assistant Professor) , Department of Psychological Science, Sri Aurobindo college (E),
University of Delhi.
**Sujit tripathi (Assistant Professor), Department of Psychological Science, Sri Aurobindo College (E),
University of Delhi.
***Shruti Dua (Student) Department of Psychological Science, Sri Aurobindo college (E), University of
Delhi.
****Mayank Sharma (Student) Department of Psychological Science, Sri Aurobindo College (E),
University of Delhi.




ROLE OFCOPING STRATEGIES IN DEPRESSION

*Shweta Chaturvedi ** Amita Nigam
***
Preet Kumari


ABSTRACT

The study aims at to compare the coping behavior of depressive patients. The sample consisted
of 50 depressive patients drawn from outpatient department of psychiatry MLB medical college
Jhansi. Patients were assessed by using Coping Strategies Scale developed by Srivastava (2001).
The scores were compared with 50 normal control group. Mann whitney U test has been used
for analysis of data. Statistical analysis revealed significant difference in using different coping
strategies among depressive patients and normal individuals. The findings also suggest that
depressive patients use less approach coping and more avoidance coping than normal
individuals.

Key words: depression, coping strategies
About Authors:
*Shweta chaturvedi, Research scholar, Department of Psychology, Dayalbagh Educational institute Agra.
**Amita nigam, Reader, Department of Psychology, Baikunthi Devi kanya Mahavidyalaya Agra.
***Preet kumari, Assisstant professor, Department of Psychology, Dayalbagh Educational institute Agra.







EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AMONG
WORKING PROFESSIONALS: A CORRELATIONAL STUDY

*Shwetha.B.C

ABSTRACT

Psychological well-being resides with in the experience of the individual. It is defined as the
State of feeling healthy and happy, having satisfaction, relaxation, pleasure and peace of
mind. Psychological well-being deals with peoples feelings about everyday experiences in
life activities. Such feelings may range from negative mental states or psychological strains,
such as anxiety, depression, distress, frustration, emotional exhaustion, unhappiness and
dissatisfaction.
Studies suggest that emotional conflicts have negative influence on psychological well-being
resulting in the Lower life satisfaction and greater inter-personal conflict in the different domains
of life.Emotional intelligence is the ability to identify, understand, assess controls and regulate
the emotions of oneself, of others and of groups. Substantial literature demonstrates that
emotional intelligence has positive effects on psychological well-being.
With this notion, the present paper focuses on the impact of emotional intelligence on,
psychological well-being among working professionals. In order to examine the same samples
from Industrial settings, college settings and Hospital settings has been taken; Emotional
intelligence scale by Schutte, N. S., Malouff, J. M., Hall, L. E., Haggerty, D. J., Cooper, J. T.,
Golden, C. J., & Dornheim, L. (1998) and Psychological well-being scale by Ryff has been used.
The paper emphasises that managing and regulating the emotions enhances the psychological
well-being and reduces the conflict in the different domains of life.
Key words: Emotional intelligence, Psychological well-being
About Author:
*Lecturer, Department Of Psychology, Bms College For Women-
Bangalore, Karnataka, India





FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERN OF OBESE ADOLESCENTS

*Sikandra **Ruby siwach sangwan ***Vijay kumar

ABSTRACT

The present investigation was conducted on school going children (9-15 years) from Hisar and
Gurgaon city, Haryana state India. A total of 400 obese children were selected randomly (200
each from both cities). Hundred healthy school going children having no history of obesity and


matching the same age as those of obese children were taken as control (50 each from both
cities). The information on food consumption pattern of the children was gathered using self-
developed questionnaire. Prevalence of obesity was higher (7.41%) among school going children
from Gurgaon city as compared to Hisar city (5.79%). The study revealed that parantha was
consumed daily by all the obese respondents in both the cities. More than sixty percent of obese
respondents consumed pizza weekly in Hisar as well as Gurgaon city. A higher percentage of
obese respondents consumed noodles weekly as compared to monthly and fortnightly
consumption in both the cities. Majority of obese respondents were taking soft drinks daily.
About Authors:
*Department of foods and nutrition, CCSHAU, Hisar, drsikandra.shanwal@yahoo.com
**Ph.D scholar, NDRI, Karnal
***Department of veterinary parasitology, LUVAS, Hisar



TRIGGER POINTS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE BEHAVIOR OF SERIAL
KILLERS: A RESEARCH ON THE ROOTS OF THEIR PSYCHE

*Sanjana Mehta **Aanushka Panwala

ABSTRACT

The research is a secondary research aiming to find and understand the different trigger points
that stimulate the discrepant behaviour in serial killers. It makes an attempt to dig into the
motives of the conduct of serial killers by identifying with the information available on their
non-criminal backgrounds. The research involves a sample size of 190 serial killers from various
countries and decades, in order to disregard any bias in results, with respect to the consequential
effect of the ten trigger points discovered during the course of data collection. The ten trigger
points found are: Self-gain, Lonesome, Paedophilia, Rejection, Child Abuse, Sexual Assault,
Relationship Issues, Abandonment, Insecurity, and Mental Illness. The trigger point stimulating
this criminal behavior majorly is the one hypothesized by the researchers- Child Abuse - 37.7%;
followed by Abandonment - 28.95% and Self Gain - 28.42%. The factor least triggering this
behavior according to the study is Insecurity 1.58%. The scope of implementation of this study
can be done in criminal psychology either in terms of preventive measures or treatment
procedures post conviction of the killings of the criminals. Also, it is a step towards the field of
criminal behavior and psyche in India.

Keywords: Trigger Points, Behavior, Serial Killers, Roots, Psyche.
About Authors:
*Undergraduate Psychology Students, School of Liberal Studies, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University,
Gandhinagar, Gujarat- India.



COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS & ITS
RELATIONAL IMPACT ON GENDER AMONGST ATHLETES



*Sonakshi Ruhela

ABSTRACT

The present study was aimed at investigating the role of four psychological variables
contributing significantly in the performance of the athletes and the possible relational difference
in gender in their respective psychological performances. The two objectives for the research
were a) to study the contributing psychological factors (Attentional control, Visual and Imagery
control,negativeenergy, motivational level) and their impact on the athletes b) to understand the
differences in the perception of psychological variables on distinct gender. The study was carried
out on 40 athletes under the age group of 20 years. Psychological Performance Inventory was
administered to assess their mental hardiness on four variables and a focus group interview was
simultaneously conducted to analyze possible gender differences in Psychological performances.
Data analysis was made using MANOVA, t test and thematic analysis. Results reported that
athletes require dynamic mental training and men and women are equivalent in their mental
strength. The results further suggested men are higher in negative energy control and attention
control than woman, and there is no gender difference in visual & imagery control and
motivational levels.

Keywords: Psychological factors, gender differences, mental training
About Author:
* Assistant Professor, Amity Institute of Psychology and Allied Sciences, Amity University, Uttar
Pradesh, Noida



MODEL OF HAPPINESS

*Sonal Khosla

ABSTRACT

The present study explores the relationship between happiness and optimal-experience/flow
while indulging in skilled activities, in the light of self-construal. Mixed method approach using
quantitative and qualitative analysis was adopted. Quantitative measures included General
Happiness Scale, PANAS, Flow State Scale and Self-Construal Scale. Qualitative measures
included an open-ended question regarding optimal experience and analysis of autobiography of
a skilled individual. Sample included skilled and unskilled people. Skilled people were selected
under 5 categories: artists, actors, dancers, musicians, and athletes. Selection of skilled people
allowed the study of happiness and flow which is experienced more while performing a
structured activity. Model of happiness shows the interplay of optimal experience and self-
construal in skilled individuals. Resultant experience emerged as a mediating factor in the
relationship of happiness, optimal experience and self-construal. Findings have implications in
the field of creativity, education and work settings.
About Author:
*M.A. (Applied Psychology) Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi





LIFE SATISFACTION AND HAPPINESS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS OF THE REGION

*H.K.Chhabra **Jasgeet Kaur

ABSTRACT

The report in hand, which is a part of a larger study, attempted to reflect the state of life
satisfaction as well as of happiness among the manager level employees of banks in Chandigarh.
A comparative study of public and private sector banks was run to understand the contextual
importance of both the factors among bank employees. For this purpose, a mixed sample of 40
employees each was randomly chosen from the private as well as the public sector banks. The
total sample thus comprised of 80 employees. The age range of the employees was 30 to 45
years. The data was analyzed using correlation and t analysis. Life satisfaction and happiness
were found to be correlated, as expected. Also, interesting comparisons emerged for life
satisfaction and happiness among the two sets of employees.
About Authors:
* Associate Professor, Deptt. Of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh.
**Research Scholar, Deptt. Of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh.



EMOTIONAL MATURITY OF SUPERORDINATE AND SUBORDINATE FEMALE
PROFESSIONALS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

*Sonia Malik **Poonam Midha ***Sunita Kumari

ABSTRACT

Emotional Maturity is a quiet acceptance of the ebb and flow of lifes issues, opportunities,
difficulties, challenges, risks, mistakes, failures, achievement and growth not only in the personal
life but also in the organizational world. As emotional maturity plays a key role in making better
decisions, better choices, have more fun, less stress, more money and of course better balance in
every sphere of life. Keeping in mind the importance of this construct in ones life, the present
researchers intended to carry out the study to find out the levels of emotional maturity of
unemployed females and those who are holding different position in job hierarchy. A purposive
sample of 197 females unemployed and working on superordinate and subordinate posts was
drawn from various professions such as teaching, legal, medicine and administration from Jind
district, Haryana. Descriptive statistics reveals the stability of emotional maturity among all the
groups. However, ANOVA reveals the significant difference of emotional maturity among
different groups.
Keywords: Emotional Maturity, Superordinate, Subordinate, unemployed.
About Authors:
*Professors, Deptt.of Psychology, M.D.Usoniamalik286@gmail.com
**&*** Ex. Student, Deptt.of Psychology, M.D.U.





IMPACT OF PARENTAL NURTURANCE ON SELF-ESTEEM AMONG
ADOLESCENTS

*Rajesh Kumar **YashuBansal***Akki Bhalla****Swati Ghansela

ABSTRACT

Self-esteem is totality of individuals thoughts and feelings with reference to himself as an object
(Rosenberg, 1965).Parents play a highly influential role in their childs development. The
purpose of current investigation was to study the impact of parental nurturance on self-esteem. It
was hypothesized that parentalnurturance was positively related to self-esteem. Asampleof 60
adolescents in the age range of 16-20 years was taken from differentgovernment colleges of
Chandigarh. The parentalnurturance scale (Buri,Misukanis& Muller, 1989) and Rosenberg's self-
esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1965) were administered on the sample. The results were in the line
with the prediction.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Dept. of Psychology, P.G. Govt. College, Sector-46, Chandigarh
**Research Scholar, Panjab University, Chandigarh.
***Student, Post Graduate Government College - 46, Chandigarh
****Student, Post Graduate Government College - 46, Chandigarh


DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: IDENTITY CRISES AND TOURMOIL IN
YOUTH

*Sugamreet Bhullar

ABSTRACT

Identity crisis is a time in life when an individual begins to seriously look for answers about the
nature of his or her being and the search for an identity. Identity Crisis in psychological terms
describes an individual who is in the constant state of searching for his identity. In today's
rapidly changing world, identity crises are more common today. The emergence of an identity
crisis occurs during the teenage years in which people struggle between feelings of identity
versus role confusion. An identity "crisis" may occur at any time in an individuals adolescence
years when he/she is faced with a challenge to his/her sense of self. In addition, not every
adolescent goes through an identity crisis at all but instead accepts the roles and values handed
down by his or her parents. These conflicts are certainly not confined to the teenage years.
People tend to experience them at various points throughout life, particularly at points of great
change such as starting a new job, the beginning of a new relationship, the end of a marriage, or
the birth of a child. Exploring different aspects of oneself in the different areas of life, including
the role at work, within the family, and in romantic relationships, can help strengthen the
personal identity.


In this paper the researcher will examine the extent of identity crises in two adolescents, through
an interview comprising random questions about family, relationships, hobbies and perspective
towards life. Furthermore the researcher will analyze how much prone each subject is towards
personality disorders listed in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, by
American Psychiatric Association.
About Author:
*Student B.A 3rd year, S.R. Government college for women, Amritsar. bhullarsugam@gmail.com



SUBJECTIVE WELL BEING, PIONEER OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY

*Meena Jain **Suman Vyas

ABSTRACT

Positive psychology is the study of the conditions and processes that contribute to the flourishing
or optimal functioning of people, groups, and institutions. The purpose of the present research
was to envisage how Subjective Well Being is an important construct of Positive Psychology.
The study was conducted on 200 IT professionals, 100 top level managers and 100 middle level
managers. The prime aim was to study the main as well as interactive effect of hierarchy of
organization (top and middle level managers) and effect of gender of employees on the criterion
of Subjective Well Being. The 2X2 Factorial Design was used for the research. The results of the
present research concluded that significant differences exist between top and middle level
managers as well as between males and females for Subjective Well Being.
About Authors:
*Asso.Prof, Dept. of Psychology, University of Rajasthan
**Research Scholar, Dept. of Psychology, University of Rajasthan,E.mail-
sumanvyas_12@yahoo.co.in




AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF PERSONALITY OF COLLEGE STUDENTS

*Tanisha Mehra

ABSTRACT

Personality is the particular combination of emotional,attitudinal,and behavioural response
patterns of an individual.A personality test is a questionnaire or other standardized instrument
designed to reveal aspects of an individuals character or psychological makeup.Therefore, there
are various personality traits of a college going student where he/she reacts differently in
different situations.The objective of the research is to find out the various personalities in a
student at college level.This study will establish a relation between the personality trait and how
an individual will react when exposed to a certain situation.Taking up this research will also help
in analysing whether the person does things consciously,with commitment or with over


commitment.The personality will be derived from personality tests using 16PF and Myers Briggs
Type Indicator.The personality trait warmth was measured and the result was 2.66% of females
represent the personality trait of warmth where as 2.73% of the boys represent the same
characteristics.Similarly other characteristics of the traits were measured.The personality traits
combination INTP( introversion, intuition, thinking, perception) has a total count of 3 for
females and 4 for males.The other personality trait combinations were also calculated.
About Author:
*Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat- tanishamehra@gmail.com




SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE AS RELATED TO PSYCHOLOGICAL HARDINESS OF
PUPIL TEACHERS

*Tanu **Anjali Puri

ABSTRACT

This study aims to see the relationship between spiritual intelligence, its dimensions (Critical
Existential Thinking, Personal Meaning Production, Transcendental Awareness, Conscious State
Expansion) with Psychological Hardiness of pupil teachers of B.Ed. colleges of Chandigarh city.
Descriptive survey method was used in this study. Sample of 100 pupil teachers was taken from
two colleges of Chandigarh. The Spiritual Intelligence Self- Report Inventory by D. King and
Singh Psychological Hardiness Scale, by Arun Kumar Singh were used during survey. Statistical
techniques like mean, median, mode, skewness and kurtosis were used to find normality of the
data and Correlation was used to find relationship between respective variables. The study finds
the positive significant relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and its dimensions with
Psychological Hardiness of pupil teachers.
Keywords: Spiritual Intelligence, Critical Existential Thinking, Personal Meaning Production,
Transcendental Awareness, Conscious State Expansion, Psychological Hardiness, pupil teachers
About Authors:
*Junior research fellow, Department of Education, Panjab University Chandigarh
**Assistant Professor, Sector- 20D Chandigarh,




LOCALE AND GENDER AS DETERMINANTS OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
AMONG ADOLESCENTS

*Payal Jain **Tejpreet Kaur Kang

ABSTRACT

Preferred mode of presentation: Poster


Emotional intelligence is the ability to monitor ones own and others feelings and emotions to
discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide ones thinking and action. People
who have a control over their life can manage and know their feelings well and read and deal
effectively with other peoples feelings. While the people who cannot have control over their
emotional life fight inner battles that sabotage their ability to focus on work and think clearly. In
the present investigation an attempt has been made to study the relationship of locale and gender
as determinants of emotional intelligence among adolescents. The study was conducted on 200
adolescents (100 boys and 100 girls) in the age range of 14-16 years residing in the rural and
urban areas of Ludhiana Emotional Intelligence Scale by Thyde et al (2002) was used to asses
the emotional intelligence (EQ) of the adolescents. The scale had 34 statements under 10
dimensions of emotional intelligence i.e. self awareness, empathy, self motivation, emotional
stability, managing relations, integrity, self development, value orientation, commitment and
altruistic behaviour. Data were analyzed using frequencies and percentages. Results revealed
significant gender differences in emotional intelligence among adolescents with major proportion
of male respondents having high level of emotional intelligence as compared to their female
counterparts. Significant locale differences in emotional intelligence of rural and urban
respondents were found with major proportion of rural respondents having high level of
emotional intelligence as compared to urban respondents.
About Authors:
*M.Sc student,
** Associate Professor, Department of Human Development, College of Home Science, P.A.U.
Ludhiana.


DEPRESSION, STRESS AND SELF ESTEEM AMONG STUDENTS: A
COMPARATIVE STUDY AMONG STUDENTS HIGH AND LOW ON PHYSICAL
ACTIVITY

*Komila Parthi **Vaishali Jakhar

ABSTRACT

Depression is a mental health problem usually faced by students due to innumerable stress
events, which may influence their self esteem as well. Research studies indicate that exercise
impacts upon individuals across the lifespan. Therefore, the present study examines the role of
Stress, depression and self esteem among students high, and low on physical activity. One
hundred and twenty students equally differentiated under the group of high (Males=30, Females
N=30) and low (Males=30, Females N=30) on physical activity in age group of 19-23 years were
administered the Beck Depression Inventory-II (Beck et al,1987,1996), Perceived Stress Scale
(Cohen et al,1983) and the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (Rosenberg , 1965). Physical activity
has been on the basis of students not doing any regular exercise (low on physical Activity) and
those who regularly exercise at a gymnasium (high on physical activity). The results will be
discussed in light of the significant differences emerging on depression, stress and self esteem
among both the groups.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology,DAV College Sector 10-
Chandigarh


**Student Counsellor, Chitkara University- Himachal Pradesh



MENTAL HEALTH IN RELATION TO TEACHING EFFECTIVENESS OF SCHOOL
TEACHERS

*Vandana Aggarwal

ABSTRACT

Quality of education is one of the major determinants of the quality of individuals which in turn
establishes the quality of a nation. More than any other factor, success of any educational system
depends upon the quality of teachers as they play a pivotal role in educational process. For
delivering quality education, they need to be equipped with necessary knowledge, skills and
competencies for effective teaching. Effectiveness is the attribute of healthy individuals, both
physically and mentally. The present study, aimed to find out the relationship between mental
health and teaching effectiveness of school teachers, was conducted over a sample of 100 high
school teachers teaching in Government schools of Chandigarh. Mental Health Inventory by
Jagdish and Srivastava (1983) and Teacher Effectiveness Scale by Pramod Kumar and D.N.
Mutha (1985) were used to measure mental health and teaching effectiveness . The collected
data were tabulated, processed and analyzed by employing both descriptive and inferential
statistical techniques. The findings showed a significant correlation between mental health and
teaching effectiveness of high school teachers.
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Govt. College of Education, Chandigarh-E.mail-aggarwal_vandana@yahoo.com



FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSE IN RURAL ADOLESCENTS

*Vandana Singh **Saloni Singh

ABSTRACT

Substance abuse has become a problem of global concern and is alarmingly increasing in the
rural areas of the country. This problem is receiving attention not only because of its novelty or
magnitude but because of its increasing trends in adolescents.
The aim of this research was to investigate all the factors responsible for substance abuse in
adolescents living in rural area. Extent, pattern and trends of substance abuse were also seen in
the research. For these purpose narratives was taken from the 30 Adolescents living in the village
named Nautanwa in Gorakhpur District. Content Analysis was done to analyze the data.
After the analysis a comprehensive model was developed addressing the full spectrum of
psychological factors in the rural context. In the end, importance of protecting adolescents and
methods to protect them has been emphasized in the research.

Key Words: Substance abuse, Adolescents, Psychological factors, rural area.


About Authors:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad.
**M.A., Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad.



PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING TOOL FOR HAPPINESS AND PERFORMANCE

*Vandana Verma **Sarita Verma ***Ella Rani

ABSTRACT

In today's fast paced and competitive workplace environment, motivating employees for better
job performance can be a difficult task. Understanding the vast range of motivational
components and the different thought processes that bring about motivation can often be the
most difficult part of encouraging employees to reach their peak performances. Increased
employee motivation leads to psychological well being of employees and in turn of increased
productivity. This is a central aim when adopting an incentive program, If you can increase
employee psychological well being, productivity will follow and with that the inevitable
increased bottom line. Psychological well employee promotes work place harmony, employee
performance and most of all employee motivation. This is the key to long term benefits for your
company. Motivated and mentally healthy employees will have a significant impact on the
growth and development of your business. To keep your employees in better psychological state
is one of the major issues faced by every organization. It is the major task of every manager to
motivate his subordinates by fulfilling their psychological need in better work place and to
create the will to work among the subordinates. It should also be remembered that a worker
may be immensely capable of doing some work; nothing can be achieved if he is not willing to
work. A manager has to make appropriate use of motivation to enthuse the employees to follow
them. . From the study it is clear that most of employees agrees to the fact that psychological
well being is significantly associated with performance of employees. The study reveals that
increase in the salary will motivates the employees more by providing them job satisfaction.The
incentives and other benefits will influence the performance of the employees.
About Authors:
*Asstt. Prof. EECM **&***Ph.d Scholar
I.C.College of Home science,CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana,E.mail :vidhuyashvee@gmail.com



EMOTIONAL MATURITY AND ADJUSTMENT IN FIRST YEAR
UNDERGRADUATES OF DELHI UNIVERSITY: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

*Dimpy Mahanta **Vikasni Kannan

ABSTRACT

Entering into college is considered a time of stress and adjustment for any youth. The
discrepancy between their expectations and the realities of the college contribute to lags in their


emotional, academic, social, familial, sexual and health well-being. As a result of which they
face difficulties in adjusting to the new college life. The primary purpose of the present study is
to explore the relationship between adjustment and emotional maturity of first year
undergraduate students. It also aimed at investigating if there exists any gender difference in
emotional maturity and adjustment level. The sample for the study consisted of 80 first year
undergraduates from various colleges of Delhi University. The age ranged between 17-19 years.
The sample was selected through incidental sampling technique. They were administered the
Global Adjustment Scale(Student Form) by Sanjay Vohra and Emotional Maturity Scale by
Singh and Bhargava to measure adjustment and emotional maturity, respectively. The results
showed a significant positive correlation between emotional maturity and various dimensions of
adjustment (namely, emotional adjustment, family adjustment, school adjustment and social
adjustment) at .01 and .05 levels of significance. Also the t-test showed no significant difference
in emotional maturity between the two genders. The study further revealed that there was no
significant difference in the adjustment dimensions between boys and girls except for only the
dimension of emotional adjustment, where females scored significantly higher than their male
counterpart. Finally, few intervention techniques have been suggested along with implications to
enable further research.

Key-words: Emotional maturity, adjustment, first year, undergraduates
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, Delhi University
**Student, BA (Hons.) Psychology IIIrd Year, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, DU




A STUDY OF COMPETITIVE ANXIETY BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE ARCHERS
OF DIFFERENT ACHIEVEMENT GROUPS AT ALL INDIA INTER-UNIVERSITY
CHAMPIONSHIP

*Singh, Vikram **Singh,Ajit ***Preety

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the present study was to determine the anxiety level between male and female
archers of different achievement groups at inter- university championship. A sample size of 100
archers from selected universities, based on their achievement level was examined at All India
Inter-University championship 2013 held at Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. Ranier
martens SCAT was used to assess the anxiety level as well as T-TEST was used to compare the
anxiety level in male and female archers of different achievement groups. At .05 level of
significance, no significant difference is found between male and female of low and medium
achievement group as the tabulated t- value (2.07),(2.05) higher than calculated t-
value(0.16),(0.17) respectively. In high achievement group, a significant difference is found as
the calculated t-value(3.38)is higher than tabulated t-value(2.05). the study is concluded that only
high achievement group male and female have significant differences.
About Authors:
*Firststeps School, Sec-26, Chandigarh


**Asstt.Professor, Govt. College Sec-11, Chandigarh
***D.A.V Sr. Sec. School (Lahore) Sec-8, Chandigarh




EVERYDAY HEROINES AT PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SPHERE

*Vinita Singh **Neha Sonkar

ABSTRACT

Domestic work, a predominantly female occupation, has been increasing in India.
The lives of poor women are marked by many hardships. They have to deal with poverty, exploit
ation, male domination and violence at every step. Yet many of them manage to conquer their sit
-uation and build a life for themselves and their children. Growing urbanization, the increased
labor force participation rate of women, and the decline of extended families are the primary
reasons for the exponential growth of this sector. The purpose of the present study was to know
the important aspect of working and living condition of female domestic workers. Main objective
of the study was to know their problem at workplace and home, psychological problem and how
they cope with those problems. The sample included 30 female domestic workers and 1 of them
was studied in detail. The questionnaire used in the study which includes both structured and
unstructured questions. Unstructured interview, a part of the questionnaire aimed to understand
respondents life, their feeling and their ideas regarding work. Results are indicating that female
domestic workers are facing financial, health, psychological and social problems like wage
system, excessive duty hours, no leave which affect their well-being.
About Authors:
*&**University of Allahabad



PSYCHOLOGICAL CAUSES FOR DYSMENORRHEA

*Atima Bhatnagar **Vandana Singh

ABSTRACT

Most of the women of reproductive age experiences severe menstrual pain. In previous
researches biological causes have been given lots of emphasis.
In the present research, it was tried to explore the psychological factors which could be
responsible for the menstrual pain. 30 females in the age range of 18 to 25 who reported
experiencing dysmenorrheal i.e. menstrual pain, were included in the study. For the method of
data collection, Daily symptom report (DSR), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), NEO PI
for personality assessment and narratives of menstrual history was taken.
Content analysis and Persons product moment correlation was used to analyze the data. On the
basis of result a model was developed and significant correlation was found between scores of
DSR and severity of menstrual pain.



Key Words: Dysmenorrhea, Women, Psychological factors
About Authors:
*&**Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad.





POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AMONG MILITARY PERSONNE
L IN JAMMU REGION: ROLE OF AGE, EDUCATION LEVEL AND SPAN OF
DEPLOYMENT

*Samia Kohli ** Ruby Charak *** Suneel Kumar

ABSTRACT

Different acts of warfare have significant mental health consequences including the development
of PTSD among military personnel.While most studies are documented in the west, few Indian
studies have focused on trauma in military personnel. The present study aimed to assess the
relation between age, education level and span of deployment with PTSD. For this a purposive
sample of 100 male military personnel in the age range of 20-54 using cross sectional design was
collected from two different areas of Jammu. Using ANOVA, results indicated that interaction
effects(age*deployment) and (education*deployment) were found to be significant. The results
from the present study highlight the risk factors for PTSD among military personnel.
Implications for the same are stated.
Keywords: Mental health, Posttraumatic stress disorder, Span of deployment
About Authors:
*Research Scholar, Department of Strategic and regional studies, University of Jammu, Jammu-180 006,
Jammu and Kashmir
**Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Jammu, Jammu-180 006, Jammu and
Kashmir
***Assistant Professor, Department of Strategic and Regional Studies, University of Jammu, Jammu-180
006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.



THE SCARE OF HAPPINESS: IS TRYING TO COME TO GRIPS WITH HAPPINESS
AND WELL BEING JUST A TABOO OR A PSYCHOLOGICAL BLIND SPOT?

*Ritu Chowdhary

ABSTRACT

In 2012, a pilot course on environmental ethics was deliberated, designed and taught to a group
of volunteer graduate students in the University of Delhi, primarily to increase their sense of
adjustedness with their studies and to nurture reflectiveness in them about their existence in this
world. The philosophy and the psychology which went into its making and the psycho-social


dynamics of its implementation are discussed, along with an analysis of its eventual
marginalization in the face of structural exercises in academics. In nearly all the colleges of the
university, one or two teachers implemented the experimental program to eventually come out
with no recorded conclusions. Derived from the first-hand experience as a part of the course-
designing team and as one of the teachers, the researcher analyzes the psychological elements to
draw conclusions which seem to indicate that we tend to avoid a conscious understanding or self-
realization of reflecting on happiness and well being. Worst still, as a society we do not
encourage reflectiveness in individuals, as it may spoil the structured societal pursuits of
happiness; so, reflecting on ones place in the environment to grasp happiness and well being is
more of a social taboo than a psychological trait.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor (Psychology),Department of Education (B. El. Ed),Aditi Mahavidyalya, (University
of Delhi),Delhi Auchandi Road, Bawana-Delhi 110039


PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF HYPERTENSION

*Rai P.K. **Jain S.

ABSTRACT

Biopsychosocial model emphasizes on the influence of psychological and social factors along
with biological factors in the process of disease and illness. Physicians focus on the biological
aspect of ailment. In the twenty first century burden of diseases has shifted from acute to chronic
diseases. Heart disease alone accounts for a major proportion of premature death all over the
world. Hypertension has qualified as the most potential risk factor which results in heart disease
that is why it is also known as silent killer. Objective: Present study aims to investigate the role
of psychological factors in hypertension. Method: An equal sample of 50 each in hypertensive
and normotensive male bank managers were selected for the study. Criteria for placing a person
in either group were blood pressure measurement and a short interview. Measures used were
aggression questionnaire by Dr.G.C.Pati and Hardiness scale by Kobasa. Through the interview
it was tried to match the two groups. Design: Ex post facto design was used. Data analysis: Data
was analyzed using t test. Results: Data analysis revealed that aggression scores of hypertensive
group are significantly higher in comparison to normotensive group. For factor hardiness
significant difference between the two groups was not found. Conclusion: various psychological
factors seem associated to hypertension. In the present study aggression was found to be related
to hypertension while there was no significant difference on the criterion of hardiness among
hypertensive and normotensive.
Keywords: hypertension, aggression, hardiness




BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCE: APPLICATION IN PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY

*Winnie Panwar



ABSTRACT
The application of behavioural science in dentistry, particularly paediatric dentistry is an
interdisciplinary science which deals with the behavioural habits of patients in the setup of a
dental clinic. Behavioral Dentistry also teaches to develop a recognition and understanding that
the body and mind are not separate entities, and focuses on patients social, emotional and
physiological dental experiences.
The various aspects of how a pediatric patients behavior is governed by maternal influences and
how a dentist with the knowledge of psychology can manipulate the patients social and
emotional nature for better delivery of clinical care are discussed at length. Various behavioral
management techniques have been discussed for the delivery of oral health care in a dental
clinic.
Management of children with special needs is also an important aspect included in patient
management.
Key words: Behavioral Science, paediatric, Dentistry.
About Author:
*Student (M.A. Psychology) IGNOU, Regional Centre, Chandigarh.



SELF CONCEPT AND EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
OF ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE STUDENTS.

*C.P.Labhane **P.A.Baviskar

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present investigation is to study the Self concept and Emotional Intelligence
perceived by college student of jalgaon dist. Sample for the study consisted of 140 between age
group 18-22 years drawn from jalgaon dist. The participants were assessed with Dr Verma and
sherry Self concept scale and Dr Upinder Dhar Emotional Intelligence scale. A t test was used to
identify the significant level.
Key word Self concept, Emotional Intelligence Arts and Science Students.
About Authors:
*HOD,Dept of Psychology,M.J.College,Jalgaon(MS)
**Research Fellow,Dept of Psychology, S.S.M.M.College, Pachora(MS)



PERCEIVED STIGMA AND COPING RESOURCES AMONG THE PARENTS OF
INTELLECTUALLY CHALLENGED CHILDREN

*Neha Singh Archana Shukla

ABSTRACT

The present study endeavors to find out the Perceived stigma and Coping resources among the
parents of intellectually challenged children. The Stigma Scale (developed by Ali, et.al, 2008)


and Coping Resources Inventory (Form-D; developed by Hammer & Marting, 1988) were
administered. Back translation method was used to get Hindi version for both the tool for the
convenience of respondents. Sample comprised of 120 parents (60 mothers and 60 fathers)
purposively selected from Chetna Institute for the Mentally Handicapped in Lucknow city. They
ranged in age from 30-40 years with the mean age of 35 years. The results revealed that there
was a strong tendency in mothers to feel more stigmatized than fathers. At the same time
mothers have less coping resources as compared to fathers.
Keywords: Intellectually Challenged Children, Parents, Perceived Stigma, Coping Resources.
About Authors:
*Neha Singh, Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, Lucknow University, Lucknow- 226007,
India.
** Archana Shukla, Asst. Prof., Department of Psychology, Lucknow University, Lucknow-226007,
India.



BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE: THE APPLICATION IN PEDIATRIC DENTIST

*Winnie Panwar **RosHan Lal ***Rajesh Kumar

ABSTRACT

Behavioral Dentistry is an interdisciplinary science which needs to be learned, practiced and
reinforced in the context of clinical care and within the community oral health care delivery
system. The objective of this science is to develop in a dental practitioner interpersonal,
intrapersonal, social forces that influence the patients behavior. Behavioral Dentistry also
teaches to develop a recognition and understanding that the body and mind are not separate
entities, and focuses on patients social, emotional and physiological dental experiences.
Behavioral Science is the science which deals with the observation of behavioral habits of man
and lower animals in various physical and social environments.
Behavioral pedodontics is a study of science which helps to understand development of fear,
anxiety and anger as it applies to child in the dental situation.
Key words: Behavioral, Paediatric. Dentist,
About Authors:
*&** Deaprtment of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh
***Asst. Professor, Department of Psychology, P.G. Govt. College, Sector-46, Chandigarh


A STUDY OF ANXIETY IN RELATION TO ATHLETE AND NONE-ATHLETE

*Sunaina Dhingra *** Vidusha Kumar ***RosHan Lal

ABSTRACT

Anxiety is an unpleasant state of inner turmoil, often accompanied by nervous behavior. Anxiety
is a feeling of fear, worry, and uneasiness, usually generalized and unfocused as an overreaction
to a situation that is only subjectively seen as menacing. Sports and coaching depends on
motivation. Psychologists can help sports administrators and players evaluate their programs and


improve motivational environment so that players perform better physically, psychologically and
emotionally.
International research has following approaches: (1) Social-emotionalapproach has been
pointing to the emotional component resulting from the interaction between coach and athlete,
with both positive/negative effects on the athlete's adapting behavior, and affective team balance.
(2) In organizational approach the concept is sport teams as organizations that despite having
specific characteristics can be studied according to the standard models. Thus coach-athlete
relationship is studied under leader-member perspective. (3) Behavioral approach has been
investigating the coach's concrete behaviors in training/competition by means of observational
methodologies, inspired by Smolls & Smiths Mediational Model, which classifies the coachs
behaviors in interactional categories.
The proposed study intends to study anxiety in relation to athlete and coach and for this, two
groups of 120 participants consisting of 60 sports person (30 male and 30 female) and 60 non-
sports (30 male and 30 female) were randomly selected from Panjab university and different
college located in Chandigarh. All the participants belong to age range of 21-28 years and every
one assured about the confidentiality of their results. For the purpose of data collection, Sinha
Comprehensive Anxiety Scale (2011) administered on all the randomly selected participants and
obtained results revealed that there is no significant gender difference on anxiety among athlete.,
coaches and others
Key Words : Anxiety, athlete, coach
About Authors:
* & ** M A (Psychology) 1st year, Panjab University, Chandigarh
*** Asst. Prof. of psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh



ARE DRIVERS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL- BEING SIMILAR TO DRIVERS OF
ILL- BEING?

*Rini Sharma

ABSTRACT

Psychological well- being is a combination of Feeling good and Functioning effectively.
Feeling good incorporates in it Contentment, Happiness and affection while Functioning
effectively involves Development of ones potential, having some control over one life and
having a sense of purpose. According to Seligman (2002), there has been exhilarating shift in the
research literature from an emphasis on disorder to focus on well- being and positive mental
health. Drivers of well- being are somehow similar to the drivers of the ill- being like
Personality factors. Lucas & Smith (1999) found that Extraversion is strongly associated with
a Positive Emotional Style while Neuroticism is associated with a Negative Emotional Style.
Demographic factors also show differential aspects for well- being and ill- being. Most large
surveys showed little evidence of Gender differences (Helliwell, 2003). Some showed higher
score for males, other for females on sub- scales for assessing social- functioning. Also, being
married is usually associated with higher life- satisfaction and lower rates of psychological ill-
health (Dolan et. al., 2008). Also, major Socio-economic factors tend to have comparable
effects on mental well- being and mental ill- being. Most studies find high Educational


qualifications protective against poor mental health, a few have found a reverse gradient for
Education (Dolan et. al., 2008) Income inequality is associated with both well- being and
psychological disorder. Higher national income inequality is linked to higher prevalence of
mental- illness (Wilkinson et. al., 2006). So, Review of Literature and various case- studies
suggest that some drivers for well being are similar to drivers for ill- being, some, however,
shares a negative correlation.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, P. U. Chandigarh.




POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AMONG MILITARY PERSONNEL IN JAM
MU REGION: ROLE OF AGE, EDUCATION LEVEL AND SPAN OF DEPLOYMENT

* Samia Kohli **Ruby Charak ***Suneel Kumar

ABSTRACT

Different acts of warfare have significant mental health consequences including the development
of PTSD among military personnel.While most studies are documented in the west, few Indian
studies have focused on trauma in military personnel. The present study aimed to assess the
relation between age, education level and span of deployment with PTSD. For this a purposive
sample of 100 male military personnel in the age range of 20-54 using cross sectional design was
collected from two different areas of Jammu. Using ANOVA, results indicated that interaction
effects(age*deployment) and (education*deployment) were found to be significant. The results
from the present study highlight the risk factors for PTSD among military personnel.
Implications for the same are stated.
Keywords: Mental health, Posttraumatic stress disorder, Span of deployment
About Authors:
*Author for correspondence, Presenting author and Research Scholar, Department of Strategic and
regional studies, University of Jammu, Jammu-180 006, Jammu and Kashmir,
**Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Jammu, Jammu-180 006, Jammu and
Kashmir
***Assistant Professor, Department of Strategic and Regional Studies, University of Jammu, Jammu-180
006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.




ALTERNATIVE WAYS OF ENHANCING WELL BEING AND SPIRITUALITY: AN
INTERVENTION STUDY.

*Uma Mittal
*
Ruchi Nathawat







ABSTRACT

Meditation originally was conceived within the religious and philosophical context of Eastern
spiritual disciplines and due to the vast benefits, its operational aspect is being extensively used
in Western mental health framework aiming at symptom reduction and alleviation. This has
ignored the deeper levels of meditations original intent. If practiced in its pure form it can lead
to cultivation of optimal insight, well being and personal growth.
The present study attempted to bring to notice the more subtle effects of lay techniques and
speak for its scope to be utilized as a way of life by the masses for a positive life experience.
From among many lay techniques, two of the most popular meditation techniques of Vipassana
meditation and Art of Living program have been included to evaluate their effect on Subjective
Wellbeing (SWB), Psychological Wellbeing (PWB) and Spirituality through a pre and post
analysis. The study was conducted on three groups comprising of Vipassana practitioners, Art of
Living practitioners and non-meditators (control group). The results indicate a significant
difference between the scores of the three groups on the variables of positive affect, life
satisfaction, psychological wellbeing and spirituality. It is proposed that both meditative
techniques provide a scope for self-reflection and can prove to be effective paths towards a
happier and enriched life.

Keywords: spirituality, vipassana, art of living
About Authors:

Associate Professor, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur

** Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur




ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL POLITICS IN TURNOVER INTENTION OF
EMPLOYEES: A LITERATURE REVIEW

* Chandrani **Fehmeena Bakht ***Aditi Kaul

ABSTRACT

Behaviour forms an integral part of every individuals life. Employees in the organization are
exposed to various behavioural dimensions of which political behaviour forms a major
component. It can be explained as the actions and the behaviours through which potential power
is utilized and realized which leaves a deep impact on the employees cognitive abilities.
Impaired thought process leads to negative thought like leaving the organization. Turnover
intention is a condition which destroys the working condition and leads to extreme fall of
productivity in the workplace and leaves behind only the physical presence at the workplace.
Through this paper the researcher intends to explore the role of political behavior on turnover
intention and make a contributory effort in the ongoing research process.

Keywords: political behaviour, turnover intention.
About Authors:


*Senior Assistant Professor, The IIS University, Jaipur
**&***Research Scholar, The IIS University, Jaipur



CRISIS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING IS A HUGE THREAT TO HUMAN
EXISTENCE

*Sr. Shalu Koikara

ABSTRACT

Psychological well being is something that everybody aspires for but at the same time it remains
as a mirage for many. Modern life has allured man with its technologies, commodities and magic
ways to earn money. Man lives in a fantasy world illusioned by the material attractions that it
offers. He never realizes the danger that is hidden in those modern commodities. Though his
experiences prove again and again that material richness would not quench his thirst for real
wellness and happiness he hardly learns from them.
Man searches for something where it is not found out and he rarely approaches the real source
where he can have it in abundance. The very pattern of life that man leads keeps him away from
his goal and offers him only worries, anxieties and distress. The fast increasing rate of mental
illness shows how unhealthy human mind has become. Whatever may be produced by the
unhealthy mind is unhealthy only. Solely a healthy mind can produce a healthy ambient and vice
versa. A disordered mind creates a disturbed family and various such families give birth to a
crippled society which in turn produces multi disordered minds. This is a huge threat to the
human existence itself. The present study analyses how the micro systems play a crucial role in
the formation of the human mind. It also provides evidences for the decreasing wellness of
human psyche especially of the young minds as a result of faulty perceptions about it and wrong
life style. The study also proposes some suggestions and practical guidelines to enhance the
decaying wellness of human psyche.
About Author:
*Chief Clinical Psychologist, Holy Family Hospital ,Thodupuzha-Kerala






A STUDY OF SECURITY-INSECURITY FEELINGS AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN
RELATION TO MALES AND FEMALES

*Charanjeet kaur **Rajesh kumar

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the significant differences in the Security -Insecurity
scores of adolescent boys and girls. 140 students (70 boys and 70 girls) were selected randomly
from 2 private schools of mohali and Ludhiana city. The technique of sampling employed was


stratified random sampling. The sample was stratified into two strata on the basis of sex. The
instrument employed for the collection of data was Security- Insecurity Inventory in Indian
situations (eng. Version) by Dr. Govind tiwari. T-ratio technique was used to see the effect of the
main factors: sex, and also their interactional .T-ratio technique was also applied in order to find
out the significant differences in the mean security insecurity scores of adolescents belonging to
different sex. Findings revealed that girls showed more insecure feelings than the boys;

Keywords: security, insecurity, sex.
About Authors:


PERSONALITY CORRELATES OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE "A STUDY OF
GENDER DIFFERENCES

*Ranjana

ABSTRACT

The study aimed at examining the relationship between personality and emotional intelligence on
the basis of gender. The study was conducted on 200 students (100 boys and 100 girls). The
sample was drawn from different colleges of kurukshetra district of haryana. The age of the
participants ranged between 17 and 21 years. For the purpose of data collection the participants
received the Neo- Five Factor Inventory and, and multidimensional measure of emotional
intelligence. The results indicated significant difference in scores of neuroticism, extraversion
and conscientiousness for males and females. Results also demonstrated significant differences
in scores of self-awareness and empathy for both the genders. Different dimensions of emotional
intelligence have shown significant relationships with different measures of personality, for both
the genders. The findings of the study clearly suggest Strong relationships between
emotional intelligence dimensions with the Big Five and support emotional intelligence as
a significant predictor of the Big Five personality dimensions. Therefore, it seems plausible that
strategies enhancing the understanding and management of emotions may play great role in
shaping well adjusted personalities.

Keywords: Personality, emotional intelligence, gender differences.
About Author:
*KUK



CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME IN RELATION TO PERSONALITY AMONGST
FEMALE CANCER PATIENTS

*Ramita Bhardwaj ** Manika Mohan ***RashmiMimrot

ABSTRACT
The objective of the present study was to explore the relationship of chronic fatigue syndrome
(C.F.S.) and dimensions of personality amongst female cancer patients. 15 female cancer patients


were selected through purposive sampling. The age range was 35-55 years. Multidimensional
Assessment Fatigue (M.A.F) Scale and Eysencks Personality Questionnaire was administered
on the patients. Correlational design was used to study the relationship between chronic fatigue
and type of personality amongst female cancer patients. Results indicated that there was a
positive relation between neuroticism and C.F.S. and negative relationship between extraversion
and psychoticism amongst female cancer patients.
About Authors:
*Ramita Bhardwaj-Research Scholar,Dept. of psychology, University of Rajasthan
**Manika Mohan-Professor and Head, Dept of psychology, University of Rajasthan
***RashmiMimrot-Research Scholar, Dept of psychology, University of Rajasthan



A STUDY OF CONFIRMITY BEHAVIOUR OF MANAGERS WORKING IN BUSINESS
SCHOOLS AND MNCS
*Shreya Panwar **Bhupendra Singh ***Anil Kumar Singh
ABSTRACT
The scenario in modern organization is that everyone is being asked to be more creative, and to
think more and do things differently. The top management decides over the policy matters and
the middle level management i.e. the manager tries to convert those policies into reality by
exercising supervisory control over lower management. The study seeks to examine how
different personnel like managers contribute to organizational effectiveness by exercising one of
their personality correlates viz conformity behavior, - that allow society to operate smoothly.
We may speak of conformity when the behavior of an individual in under the control of group
norms. The person yield to the group where there is some discrepancy between his own opinion
and that mentioned by the group. Conformity is the way to reduce the discrepancy between ones
opinion and group opinion by pressure implication towards uniformity of opinions and behavior
in a group. Therefore, the present study was undertaken with the following objectives-
To explore the differences in conformity behavior of managers working in business
schools and MNCs.
To find out the gender differences in conformity behavior of managers.
To find out the differences in conformity behavior of managers with regard to their length
of service.
For the purpose conformity behavior experimental booklet by Dr. S.N. Rai was used and the data
was analyzed using suitable statistics. The findings and implications of the study will be
discussed during the conference.
About Authors:
*Asst. Prof. Subharti University, Meerut
*&**Asst. Prof., N.R.E.C. College, khurja



STUDY OF SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE AND ALTRUISTIC BEHAVIOR OF
ADOLESCENT BOYS AND GIRLS PURSUING GRADUATE STUDIES IN
DIFFERENT STREAMS
*Bhupendra Singh **Anil Kumar Singh ***Pooja Gupta ****Monika Agrawal
ABSTRACT
Adolescence- a transition phase of, neither being an adult nor a child, when placed
outside the home seem to experience more frequent and intense pressure, pressure to cope at a
higher mature level when in fact, they are in the stage of developing their social, vocational and
emotional skills. The present study was an effort to explore this developing process in
adolescents on two variables i. e. spiritual intelligence and altruistic behavior.
Spiritual intelligence is our depth for perception and intuition, whereas altruism is carried
out without expectation of personal gain. A person high in SI might practice any religion, but
without narrow mindedness, prejudice, bigotry or discrimination. Equally a person high in
altruism shows a sense of satisfaction, self regard, accomplishment of duty or high moral
standards.
Therefore the present study was carried out with the following objectives-:
To find out the effect of gender and stream on spiritual wellbeing of adolescents.
To find out the effect of gender and stream on altruistic behavior of adolescents.
A Spiritual Intelligence Scale by Tirath Singh,et.al and Altruism Scale by Dr. S.N. Rai & Dr.
Sanwant singh was administered to a sample of 90 adolescents (45 boys and 45 girls). The data
was analyzed using two way ANOVA. The results and implications will be discussed during the
conference.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Authors:
*&**&***&****Department of Psychology, N.R.E.C. College KHURJA


EFFECT OF PARTNERS PRESENCE ON STRESS AND RELIGIOSITY IN OLD
AGED INDIVIDUALS
*Meenakshi Chauhan **Diomand Varshney **Bhupendra Singh ***Anil Kumar Singh
ABSTRACT
Stress is a normal reaction and part of life. When we have a large number of stressful events in
our life, we can become over blamed and these feelings can create problems. Religiosity, in its
broadest sense, is a comprehensive sociological term used to refer to the numerous aspects of
religious activity, dedication and belief.


Old age is when a person is old and close to the time of his and her death. In this stage they start
to encounter many health problems that affect their physical, social, economical and
psychological life. The old age is one of the stages in which people feel lonely and are unable to
cope with stressful situations and, they look for emotional support to face all problems. They get
this support from their life partner. But many of these old people might have lost their life
partners. It has been seen that people who lost their life partner become emotionally weak and
have feeling of loneliness. In this condition, people reduce their loneliness and stress by diverting
their mind by involving in the some other activities outside home, like Religiosity, social
services etc. These activities help people to reduce the level of loneliness and stress.
The purpose of the present investigation was to study the effect of partners presence on Stress
and Religiosity in old aged individuals. Stress was measured with the help of stress scale (Singh
personal stress source inventory) constructed by Arun Kumar Singh and Religiosity was
measured with the help of Religiosity scale constructed by Dr. L.I. Bhushan. Suitable statistics
was applied for analyzing the data. On the basis of obtained result it was found that life partners
presence has significant effect on stress and religiosity. Further, findings and implications of the
study to be discussed during the conference.
About Authors:
*&**C.C.S. University Meerut
***&****Asst. Prof, Department of Psychology, N.R.E.C. College, Khurja


LOCUS OF CONTROL AND SELF CONCEPT OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS
(PLHA)
*Bhupendra Singh **Anil Kumar Singh ***Geeta Singh
ABSTRACT
A stigmatized group called PLHA (PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS) significantly discredits
them in the eyes of others. PLHA often conceals his/her status and is thus denied of the needed
services and care. PLHA are often thought of being responsible for becoming infected and
associated with behaviors like sex, prostitution and injecting drug-abuse. Religious and moral
beliefs lead some people to believe that having HIV/AIDS is the result of moral fault that
deserves to be punished thus violating their human rights, such as the rights to health, dignity,
privacy and freedom from inhuman treatment or punishment. The present context is an effort to
develop an understanding into the cognitions and perceptions of these PLHA. For the purpose an
important construct locus of control and a self-concept questionnaire was applied on 30
PLHAs from Meerut and Bulandshahr district of UP. Internal locus of control refers to the
perception of an event as contingent upon ones own behavior. External locus of control on the
other hand, indicates the outcome not being entirely contingent upon his/her own action but the
result of chance, fate, or luck. Self-concept is the individuals way of looking at himself. It also
signifies his way of thinking, feeling and behaving.
The study revealed significant findings to be discussed during the conference. Further several
recommendations were framed for future research and for the sake of these PLHA.


About Authors:
*&** Asst. Professor, Department of Psychology, N.R.E.C. College, khurja
***A.K.P. (PG) College, khurja

ELDERLY ABUSE, NEGLECT AND HUMAN RIGHTS: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
*Praven Chaubey
ABSTRACT
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About Author:
*Asst. Prof., Department of History, P.G.Govt. College, Sector-46, Chandigarh


A STUDY OF ANXIETY IN RELATION TO ATHLETE AND NONE-ATHLETE

*Sunaina Dhingra *** Vidusha Kumar ***RosHan Lal

ABSTRACT
Anxiety is an unpleasant state of inner turmoil, often accompanied by nervous behavior. Anxiety
is a feeling of fear, worry, and uneasiness, usually generalized and unfocused as an overreaction
to a situation that is only subjectively seen as menacing. Sports and coaching depends on
motivation. Psychologists can help sports administrators and players evaluate their programs and
improve motivational environment so that players perform better physically, psychologically and
emotionally.
International research has following approaches: (1) Social-emotional approach has been
pointing to the emotional component resulting from the interaction between coach and athlete,
with both positive/negative effects on the athlete's adapting behavior, and affective team balance.
(2) In organizational approach the concept is sport teams as organizations, that despite having
specific characteristics can be studied according to the standard models. Thus coach-athlete
relationship is studied under leader-member perspective. (3) Behavioral approach has been
investigating the coach's concrete behaviors in training/competition by means of observational
methodologies, inspired by Smolls & Smiths Mediational Model, which classifies the coachs
behaviors in interactional categories.
The proposed study intends to study anxiety in relation to athlete and coach and for this, two
groups of 120 participants consisting of 60 sports person (30 male and 30 female) and 60 non-
sports (30 male and 30 female) were randomly selected from Panjab university and different
college located in Chandigarh. All the participants belong to age range of 21-28 years and every
one assured about the confidentiality of their results. For the purpose of data collection, Sinha
Comprehensive Anxiety Scale (2011) administered on all the randomly selected participants and
obtained results revealed that there is no significant gender difference on anxiety among athlete.,
coaches and others
Key Words : Anxiety, athlete, coach
About Authors:
* & ** M A (Psychology) 1st year, Panjab University, Chandigarh
*** Asst. Prof. of psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh




STUDY OF MARITAL ADJUSTMENT AND GENERAL WELL-BEING IN WORKING
AND NON-WORKING MOTHERS
*Bhupendra Singh **Anil Kumar Singh ***Aakanksha ****Shivani Jindal

ABSTRACT
Marriages mark the onset of bearing expected responsibilities, especially for the female
counterpart who has to make a world of novel adjustments, be it, in terms of her interests,
preferences, values and sometimes culture.
Marital adjustment is the state in which there is over all feeling of happiness in husband and wife
and they are satisfied with their marriage and each other. Marriages are seen as one of the major
means for fulfillment of basic needs, in terms of most intimate type of emotional relationship
between two individuals. On the other hand, general well-being is the subjective feeling of
contentment, happiness, satisfaction with lifes experiences and of ones role in the world of
work, sense of achievement, utility, belongingness and no distress, dissatisfaction or worry. The
study is an effort to explore these two distinct but related concepts i.e. marital adjustment and
general well-being in working and non-working mothers. The study has the following
objectives:-
To study the difference in marital adjustment in working and non-working mothers.
To study the difference in general well-being in working and non-working mothers.
To study the difference in different areas of marital adjustment in working and non-
working mothers.
For the purpose Marital Adjustment Questionnaire by Pramod kumar & Kanchana Rohtagi and
PGI general well-being measure by S.K. Verma & Amit aVerma was administered on a sample
of 100 mothers (50 working and 50 non-working mothers). The data was analyzed by using t-test
and two way ANOVA. The study revealed significant outcomes to be discussed during the
conference.
About Authors:
*&** Asst. Professor, Department of Psychology, N.R.E.C. College, khurja
***&****Student, Department of Psychology, N.R.E.C. College, khurja



STUDY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND MENTAL: THE EFFECT OF COLORS ON
HUMAN LIFE
*Smita Srivastav
ABSTRACT

Psychological Colors have imperative contributions in human life. The colors prove to be very
effective and most satisfactory, when use to keeping qualities and uses of colors, in mind. Colors


affect the physical and mental altitude of a human being, and therefore, the importance of colors
in psychological treatment play a vital role.
Depending on the experience of an individual, the use of Colors has been studied,
psychologically and mentally, and through this study, mentally deranged patients are treated,
irrespective of the profession they belong to. May it be music or may it be color, a therapist
should compulsorily have the knowledge of human psychology, and color therapy is one such
process based on experience, and through this experience, under the modern treatment technique,
a patient can be cured by treating him mentally through the use of color therapy.
In these modern times, the above mentioned subject, requires extensive research, because colors
play an vital role in ones day to day life, which proved useful not only for mental ailment
specialists, but also for treatment and cure in professional and health sectors.
Keywords: Colors affect the physical and mental level of a human being, use of color therapy,
psychological and mental effect, subject for research work.
About Author:
Ph.D. Scholar (Home Science) Jayoti Vidyapeeth Womens University, Jaipur (Rajasthan) India
Mail-id: smitasrivastav198@gmail.com


RELATIONS AMONG CORPORAL PUNISHMENT, PERCEIVED PARENTAL
ACCEPTANCE, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT OF CHILD AND
ADOLESCENT IN BANGLADESH
*Muhammad Kamal Uddin
ABSTRACT
This study explored relations among corporal punishment, perceived parental acceptance, and
psychological adjustment of adolescents in Bangladesh. Seven hundred fifty four (46.3%
female), 4
th
through 10
th
grade students between the ages of 9 to 18 years (M = 12.71, SD = 1.97)
were recruited from thirteen schools in Dhaka, Rangpur, and Chittagong districts of Bangladesh.
Bangla language versions of five questionnaires and a demographic form were used to collect
data. These included the youth versions of the Physical Punishment Questionnaire for mothers
and for fathers, the child versions (short form) of the Parental Acceptance-Rejection
Questionnaire for mothers and for fathers, the child version of the Personality Assessment
Questionnaire, and the Personal Information Form. Results of hierarchical regression analyses
showed that perceived paternal acceptance completely mediated the relations of both perceived
harshness and justness of fathers punishment with youths psychological adjustment. The story
about maternal acceptance was somewhat different. Perceived maternal acceptance completely
mediated the relation between perceived justness of punishment and youths psychological
adjustment. However, maternal acceptance only partially mediated the relation between
harshness of mothers punishment and youths psychological adjustment. Maternal harshness
continued to make a very small but independent contribution to psychological adjustment over


and above the greater contribution made by perceived maternal acceptance. The implications of
the findings were discussed in the light of past studies.
About Author:
*Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.

ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS AND MENTAL HEALTH
**Bhandari Anuradha Duggal **Amarpreet ***Kaur Jaspreet
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was an attempt to understand the impact of environmental stressors
viz., residential density and noise sensitivity on perceived stress, health complaints and mental
health. The sample for the present investigation consisted of 320 subjects (160 males and 160
females) in the age range of 25-40 years living within a 500 meter radius of the main railway
track in Ambala City. The tests used for the present investigation were Noise Sensitivity Scale
(Weinstein, 1978), Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein, 1983), Adult
Health Checklist (Forgays, 1994) and Mental Health Inventory (Veit & Ware, 1983).Residential
density was calculated by dividing the number of people living in the home by the number of
rooms in the house. A three way analysis of variance design was employed to analyse the data.
The results of the study reveal that residential density and noise sensitivity have detrimental
effects on several aspects of human functioning. Gender as an independent variable has not only
emerged as a significant determinant of mental health, it has also moderated the impact of
residential density and noise sensitivity. It is felt that future research may include more in-depth
investigations of the mental health of individuals exposed to various environmental stressors.
About Authors:
*Professor, Department of Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh.
** Director, Cabinet Secretariat, New Delhi.
***Clinical Psychologist, Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine, PGIMER,
Chandigarh.




INSTITUTIONAL CARE: A BOON OR A BANE
*Harsh Vardan Kaur Chahal
ABSTRACT
For as long as they have existed, orphanages have always had alarmingly high death rates .This
was blamed on contagious diseases But reports proved that it was the lack of love the missing
important parental relationship which in turn was hurting them or even killing them Still the


phenomenon itself is nothing new .Citizens of poor countries migrate to fortunate states in hope
of elevating their standards of living .At least 9/10 children living in the residential care have one
living parent, and mostly placed in institution for social and economic reasons and for reasons of
abuse and neglect in economically developed Countries. The lack of a warm and continuous
relationship with a sensitive care given can produce children who are desperate for adult
attention and affection. The present study aims to explore the experiences of children in the
orphanages and the psychological impact of bringing up an orphan. They are reported to have
problems concentrating and forming emotional relationship regardless of quality of institutional
care as they have nothing to lose. Normal child development requires the opportunity for
frequent and consistent one-to-one interaction with a parent or a foster parent. Warehousing
children in orphanages is no way to treat human beingsevery child has the right to family base
care and individual attention. Regrettably, inadequate incomes and practical inconveniences
often result in children being left behind with relatives and in extreme cases on the streets.
Key words : Institution ,care , children, orphan, orphanages
About Author:
*GCG-11, Chandigarh


A STUDY OF SOCIAL INTERACTION ANXIETY AND GENDER DIFFERENCE
AMONG YOUTH
*Davneet kaur **Gagandeep Singh ***Shilpa Roy ****Manpreet Kaur
ABSTRACT
Social Interaction Anxiety refers to distress when meeting and talking with other people. It is the
anxiety occurring in two similar types of situations in which person interact with others and
those in which the person may be observed or scrutinized by others. To measure Social
Interaction Anxiety and gender difference among youth the total sample of 40 (20 male and 20
female) of the age range of 21-26 years were randomly selected from Panjab University,
Chandigarh. The SAIS (Social Anxiety Interaction Scale) by Mattick, and Clarke, (1998) has
been administered on the selected sample. This scale consists of 20 statements, each statement
containing 5 options. It helps in assessing the person's current social anxiety and associated
problems. It is expected that the level of social interaction anxiety of adults outside their peer
group will be high. It is also expected that gender plays a role in social interaction anxiety
therefore; social anxiety among youth in interaction to the members of other gender outside their
peer group would also be high.
About Author:
Students (MA-II) Department of Psychology, Panjab University. Chandigarh.160014.


COMPULSIVE LYING


*Gurjeen Dhillon

ABSTRACT
A compulsive liar is someone who lies with ease and finds comfort in it so much so that it
becomes an addiction. Whether it was to protect feelings, avoid trouble, impress or simply to get
what they want, not many people can say that they have never told a lie. However the extreme
form of it which we must be attentive to is a compulsive liar... A sick personlity! From
Behaviorist viewpoint we humans lie because we are expecting a reward . This would explain
why some people engage in compulsive lying as telling the truth would not be beneficial whereas
lying reaps them a reward. The cognitive psychologists focus on thoughts and mental processes
of a person who lies. Is it because of a situational factor or is it a personal choice? On the other
hand, Freudian school asserts that repressed childhood experiences can help determine whether a
person would lie. However, it still remains a poorly understood concept. I believe it's a topic of
importance and through my poster I wish to highlight some research over it.
About Author:
*M.A. (II) Psychology, Panjab University, Chandigarh


COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS ON
ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY
*Poonam Gutpa

**Vibha Sharma

***Kuldeep Kumar

****Shyam Sunder Gupta

ABSTRACT

Cognitive impairments are one of the major consequences of HIV infection in human body as the
virus once enters in the bloodstream, can cause significant to the brain. Cognitive deterioration
that happens very slowly over a long period, may escape unnoticed until it reaches in advance
stages. The early detection of cognitive impairment that disrupts CNS integrity and cognitive
functions may be life threatening, if not adequately controlled in time. Aim: The present study
aims to study the cognitive impairments in peoples living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) on Anti-
retroviral Therapy (ART). Material and Methods: to serve this purpose, the present study was
conducted on 30 patients of both genders between age range of 20-50 years, who were diagnosed
as HIV Positive and receiving ART from ART Center at GTB Hospital, Delhi: selected by using
purposive sampling. Data was collected by using standardized neuropsychological tests like-
Digit vigilance and Trail Making Test (Attention), PGI Memory Scale (Memory), Finger
Tapping Test (Motor Speed), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (Visuo motor coordination), Stroop
color word and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (Executive functions). Tools were selected from
NIMHANS Neuropsychological Battery (Rao et al, 2004) for assessment of attention, motor
speed, visuo-motor coordination and executive functions. Data obtained from assessment was
analyzed by using descriptive data analysis. Results: Findings revealed mild cognitive
impairments on sustained attention, focused attention, visuo-motor coordination and response


inhibition tasks. More impairment was observed on delayed recall, verbal retention for dissimilar
pair, overall memory function, motor speed and set-shifting tasks. Conclusion: Present study
highlights the utility of early detection of cognitive deficits in PLWHA. Failure to identify
cognitive deficits in people living with HIV/AIDS may directly influence successful
management of their disease.
Key words: Cognitive Impairment, People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA),
Neuropsychological, Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART).
About Authors:
*Clinical Psychologist, Department of Psychiatry, PGIMS Rohtak
**Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, IHBAS, Delhi
***Assistant Professor, Nodal Officer, ART Centre, GTB Hospital, Delhi
****Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedics, N.C. Medical College, Israna, Panipat


ALCOHOLISM A MALADY
*Dilbag
ABSTRACT
Addictive behavior is one of the psycho-physical problems faced by our society today. Addictive
disorders are prevailing across the age, culture and society round the globe. The severely affected
section of our society is youth because they have been de-rooted from the adequate social norms.
There is need of hours to highlight alcohol addiction generated psycho-physical social problems.
The term alcoholic simply refers to a person who has severe drinking problems, whose drinking
impairs his life adjustment in terms of health and personal relationship. A person can be known
as alcoholic who either abuses alcohol or he depends upon alcohol. Thos who drink excessively
for a long time, a reaction known as alcohol withdrawal delirium happens which includes
hallucinations, tremors of hands, convulsions and anxiety. If we talk about anxiety it leads to
panic attacks.
Too much consumption of alcohol leads to anxiety. When a person consumes excess amount of
alcohol regularly one of the withdrawal symptoms is severe anxiety which may lead to panic
attacks. Having consumed alcohol in the night when he gets up in the morning with reduced
level of alcohol in the body.
About Author:
*Student (MA Psychology) IGNOU, Regional Centre-Chandigarh


METACOGNITION STYLE, STUDY HABIT AND PERSONALITY: A STUDY
BETWEEN HIGH AND LOW ACADEMIC ACHIEVERS
*Sangeetha J. **P. Mahendran
ABSTRACT


Metacognitive strategies have been found to be effective in maintaining and improving the
learning of low academic achievers (Vandhana, 2011). Similarly the study done by Osa-Edoh
and Alutu (2012) suggests that the students imbibing the proper study habits will improve their
academic performance. The academic achievement is also positively related to some of
personality factors such as extroversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness (Ferguson, 2010).
In the present study, an attempt has been made to examine the existing differences between high
and low academic achievers on the metacognition, study habit and personality type.
Metacognitive Awareness Scale by Schraw and Dennison (1994), Study Habit Inventory by M.
Mukhopadhyaya and D.N Sansanwal (1983) and Myers-Briggs Type Indicator by Briggs Myers
(1956) were administered to a sample of 50 (fifty) high academic achievers and 50 (fifty) low
academic achievers who were selected on the basis of academic performance index. The results
show that there is a significance difference between high and low academic achievers with
respect to metacognition, study habit and personality types.
Keywords: Metacognition, Study habit, Personality type and academic achievement
About Author:
*II M.Sc Applied Psychology, Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore-
641014, Tamil Nadu.
**Head, Department of Psychology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore-641014, Tamil Nadu.


EFFECTS OF INTERNET-ADDICTION ON HEALTH
*Priyanka Sharma **Anu Bansal ***Akanksha Rana ****Kamaljeet Singh *****Karishma
Kaur Kochhar ******Navinder Gill *******Priyanka ********Shreya *********Sneha
**********Srishti
ABSTRACT
The present study aimed to find the effects of Internet Addiction on Health with respect to
gender. The study involved a detailed survey based on peoples internet habits. The survey was
conducted on a sample of 100 (50 males and 50 females, aged 18-25 years). The survey included
3 questionnaires (2 objective-multiple choice & 1 subjective). In our study we found 36% of the
males addicted to internet while only 20% of the females were found to be internet addicts. Also
it was found that 44.44% of the male addicts were affected health-wise due to their internet
habits, while 50% of the female addicts were found as health-wise affected due to the same.
Statistical analysis was done using t-test. Although overall more male participants were found as
addicted to internet yet female internet addicts were more prone to health hazards of internet-
addiction than their male-counterparts. One probable explanation of our finding could be that
young men of the specified age-group being more physically active do not experience much side-
effects of internet usage while young women being less physically active experience ill-effects of
internet more easily. Through this study we also got reports of health issues like sleep-
deprivation, frequent headache, weakening of eyesight & back-ache among the internet addicts.
Lifestyle issues like irregular eating pattern & online shopping-addiction were also reported. We
also found out that facebook.com & youtube.com came out as the most popular site among our
participants.


About Author:
*to**********Department of Psychology, Panjab University


MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY: THE PSYCHOPATHOLOGY OF DEFENCE
PERSONNEL
*Shashi Chaudhary
ABSTRACT
Military psychology is the application of psychological theories and empirical data towards
understanding, predicting and countering behaviours either in friendly, enemy forces or civilian
population that may be undesirable, threatening or potentially dangerous to the conduct of
military operations. It is a tool used by the military to enable the troops to survive the stresses of
war and psychological illnesses. The extreme forms of bloodshed, shock, awe, pathos, suffering
have been the part of the experience of fighting soldiers ever since the evolution of human
history. Consequently, the psychological disorders that emerge are related both to depressive
disorders and personality disorders. The adjustive demands stem from sources that fall into basic
categories as Frustrations, Conflicts and Pressures .
The Indian soldier being a victim of combat stress does not come as a surprise. Even though the
Indian figures of suicide, fratricide and stress related disorders are lesser than those of the US
and the British Forces, it still is a matter of concern and there is a need to address the problem.
There are external and internal stressors in the army environment.
The manifestations of stress can be classified as Anxiety, Depression and Psychosomatic
disorders.
Need to control Anger, Anxiety and Tension.
The deployment of troops in Low Intensity Conflict, Counter Terrorist Operations has inherent
ingredients which have manifested into psychopathological disorders of stress, depression and
tension, increased cases of suicide and fratricide have made the nation to take notice.
About Author:
*Principal, J.K. College of Education, Kunjwani, Jammu


SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC DOMAIN OF MENTAL HEALTH: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
OF ADOLESCENT POPULATION
*Zeba Aqil
ABSTRACT


There is abundance of data demonstrating the importance of mental health and well being to
overall health, productivity and quality of life. Mental well-being, like physical health is a
resource we need to promote and protect but there is growing concern that mental health of
adolescent is declining. Among teenagers, rates of depression and anxiety have increased by
70% in the past 25 years, particularly since the mid 1980s. The changes are not the result of an
increasing tendency to rate teenagers as problematic, but the result of real changes in behavior
and experiences.
Due to this there is a pressing need for robust studies of specific interventions. In this paper an
attempt has been made to identify mental health of teenage population and to relate it with
demographic correlates, as presumed to play a significant role.
Design: Stepwise multiple regression analysis is computed for determining the contributory role
of different demographic correlates.
Variables: Two sets of variables employed in this study are as follows:
1. Mental Health
2. Demographic Variables
The sample size of this study consists of 200 adolescents.
The following two tools were used in this study
1. Mental Health Inventory
2. Questionnaire for Demographic Information
Results and Conclusion: Out of six demographic predictors employed in this study, Family
Income, CasteGender and Schooling were found to be significantly contributing to many
dimensions of mental health.
About Author:
*Associate Professor (Psychology), Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow



COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS BETWEEN RURAL AND
URBAN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL BOYS

*Mahender Singh **Chander Pal ***Rajesh Kumar
ABSTRACT
The main objective of the present study is to compare the cardiovascular fitness of rural
and urban senior secondary school boys. 200 students of rural and urban schools of Chandigarh
were selected randomly as sample. Cardiovascular Fitness of the students was measured with the
help of twelve minutes run and walk test fitness battery by Copper. The obtained data were
analyzed with the help of mean, standard deviation and t-test technique. The study conducted on
the cardiovascular fitness of rural and urban school boys provided valuable information about the
relative health of rural and urban boys as it proved that rural boys are general fit than the urban
counterpart. The results revealed that cardio vascular fitness of rural school boys were greater


than the urban school boys. Urban group has shown significantly lower score as compared to
rural group.
About Authors:
*HoD, Dept. of Physical Education, PG Govt. College, Sector-46, Chandigarh
**Physical Education Teacher, JNV, Moga (Punjab)
***Research Scholar, Chandigarh
HATHA YOGA PRACTICE FOR HEALTH & FITNESS

*Mahender Singh

ABSTRACT

Hatha Yoga is the entire science of practicing Yogasanas, doing Shatkarmas, Mudras and Bandas.
It was envisaged and practiced not only for health fitness but also to awakening Pranic flow
through chakras cleansing and healing. It is also a panacea to many illness and diseases as well.
It can enhance Kuindalini Shakti flow, thus making whole body, mind and soul in a more
synchronized format of living, of doing of giving with conscious in learning, in doing and in
performing actions. Hatha yoga gives us healthy body, sharp mind and pure soul and makes will
power strong, committed with determination. It is therefore Hatha Yoga was considered to be the
foundation of yoga.
In yogic literature we have many references of Hatha Yoga and its practices with concepts and
philosophy behind. Some of reliable texts on Hatha Yoga are Hatha Yoga Pradipika by
Swami Swatmarama, Garaksha Samhita by Yogi Gorakhnath. Another by sage Gherand is
known as Gherand Samhita. Later written text by Srinivasabhatta Mahayogindra is
Hatharatnavali. There are also minor
:
references in ancient Puranas and Upanisads.
Hatha Yoga is known as the science of purification. In order to purify the mind, the body has to
undergo through a process of cleansing, which can be done through- Hatha Yoga practice. These
impurities of the body get cleared and the flow and functioning of the Nadis are released. Here
the whole body structure guides the energy right to the brain.
The main objective of this system of yoga is to create balancing force to make better interaction
between the activities and processes of the body and mind to transform the liberated energy.
Through the practice of Hatha Yoga the practitioner can make harmony between the positive-
negative forces, arouse potential energy and controls the mind by controlling Prana. It is also a
science of health for getting relief and elimination of all kinds of diseases and defects. In totality,
it may be conclude that today we practice Hatha Yoga because, it is very necessary and need for
therapeutically benefits, but the real purpose of Hatha Yoga, however, has been helping
everybody to transmit the true spirit of them all.
About authors:
*HoD, Department of Physical Education, Government College, Sector-46, Chandigarh.


INTERACTIONAL EEFFECT OF ADJUSTMENT AND STRESS ON COLLEGE
STUDENTS
*Rekha Sharma **Daljit Singh ***Ravinder Puri ****Jagdeep Singh



ABSTRACT
Stress is found in all aspects of life. Most of the social, physiological and emotional problems are
related to unrelieved stress. Today students are more stressed than earlier generation. They
experience high stress due to academic commitment, financial pressure and lack of time
management skill. The present study focused on stress and adjustment and their interaction effect
among college students. A total of 180 first year students from national college sirsa completed
measures of Adjustment Inventory by H.S. Asthana (1968) and Stress scale by Puri, Kaur &
Mehta, (2011). Results shows gender difference is having significant effect of different levels of
stress and adjustment. Findings further gave a clear picture of positive and negative effect of
stress and adjustment of college students.

Key Words:- Adjustment, Stress
About authors:
* Associate Prof. Deptt of Psychology, Govt National College Sirsa
**Assist. Prof. Deptt of Psychology, Govt. National College, Sirsa
***Associate Prof. Deptt of Psychology, Govt National College Sirsa
****Govt National College Sirsa


A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OCCUPATIONAL SELF EFFICACY AMONG
EMPLOYEES OF TRADITIONAL WORK SCHEDULE AND TELECOMMUTERS
*Kirti Khurana

ABSTRACT
The sole aim of the present study is to compare the employees of traditional work schedule and
telecommuters from Bangalore region in India by using Occupational self efficacy and its related
components. Using the snowball non probability sampling technique, a sample of 60 employees
was taken (30 traditional work and 30 telecommuters) from the age range of 21-46 years. The
questionnaire was mailed to the respondents through the internet. The Occupational Self Efficacy
Scale (Pethe et.al, 2005) administered on the targeted sample. The obtained results have been
analyzed by using correlation and t test and discussed accordingly.
The obtained results revealed that the employees in traditional work schedule scored
significantly higher in occupational self efficacy and its dimensions like positive attitude and
individuality, while there was no significant difference on confidence, command, adaptability
and personal effectiveness factors between the two groups. The inference drawn from the results,
point towards the need for organisations to look into the effectiveness of telecommuting with
respect to the traditional work schedules.
Key Words: Telecommuting, traditional work design, self efficacy
About author:
*Student. M. Sc. In Psychology, Christ University, Bangalore




THE ROLE OF PARENTING STYLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTIONAL
MATURITY AMONG ADOLESCENTS

*Niyati Garg **Vandana Sharma

ABSTRACT
An emotionally mature child has the capacity to make effective adjustment with himself,
members of his family, his peers in the school, society and culture. The present study was
conducted to identify the factors related to parenting style which may contribute in the
development of Emotional maturity.

The sample of the present study consisted of 200 adolescents from C.B.S.E. schools located in
Meerut city, India. Emotional Maturity Scale (Y. Singh and M. Bhargava) and Parenting Scale
(Dr. R. L. Bharadwaj, H. Sharma and A. Garg) were used. Multiple regression analysis was
employed for analysis of data.

Faulty role expectation/Realistic role expectation (mother), Lenient standard/Moralism (father),
Neglect/Indulgence (mother) and Marital conflict/Marital adjustment were found significantly
contributing in the development of Emotional Maturity.

Result indicates that four dimensions of parenting styles emerged as predictors of emotional
maturity. Negative Correlation between Parenting Styles and Emotional Maturity indicate that
low level of mothers faulty role expectation and neglect, fathers lenient standards and marital
conflict lead towards high level of Emotional Maturity.

Key Words: Emotional Maturity, Parenting Style, Adolescents.
About Authors:
*Lecturer, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut
**Reader, S.D. (P.G.) College, Ghaziabad.



DOES MENTAL STATE OF CANCER PATIENTS VARY IN REGARD TO GENDER
AND CHRONICITY OF ILLNESS? AN INVESTIGATION

*Anjana Bhattacharjee

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of cancer is increasing day by day. It is expected to be doubled within the next
15 years. Cancer is a very stressful event which influences interpersonal relationship. As a result
the cancer patients and his/her family members attempt to maintain, control and normalize
everyday activities. Poor adjustment to cancer may lead to depressed mood and feeling of
hopelessness about self and future. The aim of the present paper was to investigate the mental
state of the cancer patients in regard to gender and chronicity of illness. For the said purpose the
study was carried out among 100 cancer patients. Among them 50% were male cancer patients


and 50% were female cancer patients. Further among them 48 patients were suffering from
cancer for the last one year and the rests were suffering from more than one year. All of them
were selected from Regional Cancer Center, Agartala following purposive sampling technique.
For ascertaining their mental state Self Concept Scale, Emotional Control Inventory and Suicidal
Tendencies Inventory were used. Findings revealed that male and female cancer patients differed
significantly in regard to their self concept and emotional control. However they did not differed
significantly in respect to their suicidal tendencies. Again the study found that the mental state of
cancer patients also differed significantly according to their duration of illness.

Key Words: Cancer, Gender, Self Concept, Emotional Control, Suicidal Tendencies, Chronicity
of illness.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Tripura University, Tripura, India.


AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF PERSONALITY OF COLLEGE STUDENTS
*Tanisha Mehra
ABSTRACT
Personality is the particular combination of emotional,attitudinal,and behavioural response
patterns of an individual.A personality test is a questionnaire or other standardized instrument
designed to reveal aspects of an individuals character or psychological makeup.Therefore, there
are various personality traits of a college going student where he/she reacts differently in
different situations.The objective of the research is to find out the various personalities in a
student at college level.This study will establish a relation between the personality trait and how
an individual will react when exposed to a certain situation.Taking up this research will also help
in analysing whether the person does things consciously,with commitment or with over
commitment.The personality will be derived from personality tests using 16PF and Myers Briggs
Type Indicator.The personality trait warmth was measured and the result was 2.66% of females
represent the personality trait of warmth where as 2.73% of the boys represent the same
characteristics.Similarly other characteristics of the traits were measured.The personality traits
combination INTP (introversion, intuition, thinking, perception) has a total count of 3 for
females and 4 for males.The other personality trait combinations were also calculated.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Author:
*Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat










COMPARITIVE STUDY OF FAMILY PATHOLOGY BASED ON OLD-AGE
HABITANTS AND FAMILY HABITANTS

*Himani Bhasin **Sharda Jain

ABSTRACT

Family pathology refers to how a family functions as a unit and to the dynamics between the
individual family members. It also includes behaviors such as family violence, sexual abuse, and
incest and other aberrant behaviors, drugs, etc.
This paper will provide a brief overview of the definition & measurement of comparative study
of family pathology based on old-age habitants & family habitants.
Family pathology scale by Dr. Vimala Veeraraghavan & Dr.Archana Dogra is a well-known &
effective tool of measurement in this study. This comparative study examined the family
pathology amongst old-age habitants & general population. The sample size comprises of 15
individuals from Metropolitan city- Delhi & 15 individuals from old-age home- Earth Savior
Foundation, Vasant Kunj, Delhi.
The objective of this study was to assess the low, moderate & high family pathology of elders in
metropolitan cities, to compare the family pathology of elders residing in old-age homes and in
normal scenario & to assess the low, moderate & high family pathology of elders residing in old-
age homes.
Results show that most old-age habitants have a low family pathology as compared to moderate
or high family pathology.
This shows that these individuals have an unstable family environment. Moreover, they also
have poor emotional stability, have unfriendly relations among family members, and have low-
self esteem.
These individuals exhibit an unsocial behavior amongst family members.

Keywords: family pathology, old-age habitants, emotional stability
About Authors:
*Student, AIPS, Amity University, Noida
**Assistant Professor, AIPS, Amity University, Noida



DEVELOPING PERSONAL STRENGTH THROUGH SPORTS TRAINING

*Savneet

ABSTRACT

Traditionally sports people have dedicated an enormous amount of preparation to their physical


conditioning and technical skills. The importance and attention to psychological preparation can
often be overlooked. The diversity, unpredictability and intensity of sports places challenges to
the sports person on physical and psychological level.
Earlier research has emphasised that sport and physical activity can play a powerful role in
helping young people to optimize their development. Mental training, in addition to physical
training, can improve results much more than physical training alone.
Psychological skills will be an inherent ability for some to control their state under pressure and
maintain focus during extreme circumstances of uncertainty. Sports psychologists are striving
hard to investigate sports performance by seeking an appropriate balance between psychological
and physical dimensions of performance.
20 girl students were selected as subjects from GGSCW from Chandigarh. Subjects were divided
into two groups namely experimental and control group. Mental training was given to the
experimental group and the other one was goal setting training group.
The duration of training programme was 4 weeks. The data was collected prior and immediately
after the training programme. Results indicated a significant improvement in the performance
due to the mental imagery training programme and goal setting training programme.
About Author:
*Dept. of Psychology, GGSCW, Sec-26, Chandigarh



SPIRTUALITY AND MENTAL HEALTH

*Aneet Bedi

ABSTRACT
Modern society, free of control mechanisms of moral and ethical standards reaching an
unexpected scientific and technological advancement, does not offer safety and spiritual peace to
human, but it is exposing him/her to everyday stress, depression, chronic anxiety, and existential
insecurity. Diminishing traditional values, family, religiosity, moral behavior, moderation, and
real values of human life, the modern social trends promoted by mass-media are mainly based on
greed for material values and short-term pleasures, thereby supporting and generating
dependence on transient contents, which lead to futility, absurdity and spiritual suffering.

Key Words: Spirtuality, Religion, Mental Health
About Author:
*M.A I School of Communication Studies, Panjab University Chandigarh



UNDERSTANDING THE EFFECT OF POST-RETIREMENT COPING STRATEGIES
ON RETIREES DEPRESSION-HAPPINESS LEVELS
*Phogat, P. **Dhankhar, T.
ABSTRACT



Before the 19
th
century low life expectancy and the absence of pension arrangements meant that
most workers continued to work until death.But today many people choose to retire when they
are eligible for private or public pension benefits, although some are forced to retire due to age,
illness or physical disability.After the initial happiness of successfully fulfilling ones career
expectations, retirees usually feel a sense of lull and distress. The purpose of this paper is to
explore how individuals adjust to lifepost-retirement by using various coping strategies, and
whether that has an effect on their depression-happiness levels. A sample of 30 male retirees
residing in Delhi-NCR was taken using convenience sampling. Two questionnaires were
successively administered, the Coping Strategies for Adjustment to Retirement Questionnaire
(Chalip, Glenn Goold, Klokiw& Russell, 1999) and the Depression Happiness Scale (McGreal
and Joseph, 1993). A correlation between the scores of both the tools was observed. This paper
would help in identifying whetherengaging in socio-cultural activities affects an individuals
post-retirement psycho-physical state and hence provide an insight into the type of lifestyle
suitable for retirees.
______________________________________________________________________________
About Authors:
*Assistant Professor, Gargi College, University of Delhi
**Student, Gargi College, University of Delhi





NEURAL HIJACKING
*Deepa Anant

ABSTRACT
Neural Hijacking is the tendency of the Amygdala to directly encode a stimulus rather than
passing it through the neo cortical channel or what is generally called the Thinking Brain. Such
neural activity generally results in seemingly uncontrollable, overwhelming emotional responses
due to misperception of situations or misinterpretation of it as an impending source of threat.
This paper seeks to discuss the ramifications of this phenomenon in light of Violence and
Criminal behavior. It has been observed that most cases of neural hijacking in brutal crime
scenarios are always followed by profound feelings of remorse in the offender. This emotional
contradiction is possible if the offender has only but a partial knowledge of the gravity of the act
that he is committing. Evidence from the field of Neuroengineering signifies the functionality of
such neural devices that can successfully control an individuals neural activity leaving partial or
no memory traces for the same. Hence, this paper deliberates on the fact that many
unpremeditated crimes are cases of neural hijacks and also outlines the necessity of
psychological support to be extended to administer self control during such emotional outbursts
and their predictive value for preventing future violent behavior.
About Author:
*M.A II Psychology, D A V College-10, Chandigarh




REHABITATION PSYCHOLOGY: THE NEED OF THE HOUR

*Samriti Mona

ABSTRACT

In this paper an attempt has been made to highlight the issues of Human life and how they can
take help of Rehabilitation Psychology for making their life better. Rehabilitation is an integrated
program of interventions that empower individuals with disabilities and chronic health
conditions to achieve personally fulfilling, socially meaningful, and functionally effective
interaction in their daily contexts (Maki & Riggar, 2004, p. 1). Most people deal with many
problems throughout their lives. Depending on the person and the type of problem. Some
problems, are not so easy to work through, and became hard to function in everyday life. These
can include depression, anxiety, developmental disabilities, and learning disabilities ,emotional
problems, cognitive, social problems, as well as physical and many more. Overcoming severe
forms of these problems will often require professional help and guidance. Rehabilitation
psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on treating individuals dealing with
disabilities and problems that make living normal lives difficult. Professionals in this field try to
help people with these types of problems adjust and work toward leading happy and healthy
lives. The ultimate goal is to help reduce or ameliorate the negative impact of disability and
chronic illness and optimize the well-being of persons served throughout their lives.
Even in India in the year 2000, the Rehabilitation Council of India (Amendment) Act, 2000, was
introduced and notified consequently by the government of India. The amendment brought
definitions and discussions provided within the earlier Rehabilitation Council of India Act, 1992,
under the ambit of a larger act, namely, Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities,
Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 was introduced.
Today, the field of rehabilitation psychology continues to grow and it became need of the hour,
especially considering that people are starting to realize even more the importance of
rehabilitation. The answer to the question of why we need rehabilitation psychology is simple.
Everyone deserves a chance at a normal, happy life, and rehabilitation psychologists can work to
help some people achieve this.
About Author:
*Assistant Professor, Chandigarh College of Education, Landran (Mohali) Punjab.



POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES AND MANAGEMENT OF
HEALTH AT WORKPLACE

*Shashi Prabha Kashyap **Sandeep Kumar

ABSTRACT

This study was an attempt to examine the relationship of certain positive psychological attributes
such as positive affectivity, resilience, and optimism with health status of employees working in


a production organization.The present study examines the physical, psychological and social
health of employees with their positive psychological attributes. The present study was
conducted on 100 supervisory level employees of manufacturingorganization in India. Tools
used for data collection in this study were General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg,& Hiller,
1979), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (Watson, Clark, &Tellegen, 1988), and Resilience&
Optimism Scale (Srivastava, 2008). The results reveal that positive psychological attributes;
positive affectivity, resilience and optimism were found to be negatively correlated with ill-
health status. The result of stepwise multiple regression analysis shows that resilience and
positive affectivity emerge as significant predictors to influence the health of the employees were
as positive affectivity and resilience are emerge a best predictor for physical health, resilience for
the psychological health, and resilience has emerged as best predictor of social
health.Psychological well-being and physical health of employees play an important role in the
smooth functioning of an organization and positivity boosts it. Thus, being a positive frame in
mind employees contribute their best and should be encouraged the practice of maintaining good
health.
Keywords: Health, Positive Affectivity, Resilience, Optimism.
About Author:
*Research Scholar, Dept. of Psychology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, INDIA