Glossary of Basic Public Health Terms

1. Aberration
2. Abiotic
3. absenteeism
4. Abscissa
5. Absolute Risk
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
jjJUJi ^^i ^JUlL s^ilk* s^ll*
Absorption a^l*\
Abuse j$u^(')<-\ . <-. t.u4.*,,i r ^,, 'cSii^jji
Abuse, Drug tPM 1 **% ^j^ 1 pb^l *jh-
Acceptable Daily ntake (AD) JjiJi ^jJi ^J^i
Acceptability aJjjL, * Jis
Acceptable Risk d*^ j ll^i sjjii ji juiki s^^ sjUa-
Acceptance Sampling J^o^ 1 uU^ 1
Access (To Care) *iii $ **12 *lL^j
Accessibility j ^
Accident cjjU < ^u.
Acclimatization ^u i *&
Accountability <aA^1 saJj^.
Accredit 6^4 *^s
Accreditation ^ic\
Accumulation ^\j
Accuracy a_Jj s ^L^L^
Acquaintance Network ^1^1 . ^uikli 6&
Acquired mmunodeficiency Syndrome (ADS)
Action Plan
Active Life Expectancy
Activities
Activities Of Daily Living (ADL) Scale
Actuarial Rate
Actuarial Table
Ad hoc
Adaptation
Additive Effect
Additive Model
Adjusted Rate
Adjustment
Adult Literacy Rate
Adverse Effect
Adverse Reaction
Advisory Committee
Age Dependency Ratio
Age Standardization
Agent (Of Disease)
Age-Period-Cohort Analysis
Age-Specific Fertility Rate
Age-Specific Rate
Aggregation Bias
^j" i2ll 3^-^
Aging Of The Population
5 u <aa 11 ?r i t'lVi
ADS-Related Complex (ARC)
JAjVLi iafijiJ Jaiill
Aim
L_S.4& 4(_pa^)C-
Airborne nfection
s. l^jgJLj AjjaLo (_jjJt
Algorithm
4..LG \ O^ja*
."ijiulj L.
Jin <jjiiiJ! iibj "lyiy iujxJAill! ^Ljijj! J

kAxl\ 4-\ tn\\ '' i - ^'"- ~^ -
c&so
-j . . A< ,-, .Sj i. .i \
[10]
Allocation
Alpha Error
UliUaa.
Alpha Level
lAll fg jj 1 1)
Ambient
D
j-jJuJ i^jUJ <lull 5 iajW^
Ambulatory Care
<j!^^ A.-a^^
Analogy
olAL-ia-a i^JjUaJ $(JliUaJ
Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA)
(jjliill - SOjliill JjlaJ
Analytic Study
5 lliU." 2 . ,.l^ >
Anecdotal Evidence
t_$3jj^ (JjL
Animal Model
cP'j^- A>^ '^Us* 1 J'j^ 3
Antagonism
4_JaislJw c M liaJ
Antenatal
SjVj Jj*
Anthropaphilic
(t * jijii iuil
Anthropometry
4_J y ii Ml CllLk-uLlSJ
Antibody
'Am l >i a ~a iii-vl * JuJa
Antidote
L&LP
Antigen
^jJaj ni^a
Antigenic Drift
(g liJaAi a a (J j^-J
Antigenic Shift
^g^jJalui^a J^.jj / ^Ljjj
Antigenicity
4 i M V >>'i i l'1
Antiserum
/g Aii <ail (J^ ^ a "
Antitoxin
jujj Sauu Xxia-G
Apgar Score
jW4ij>
Approach
*t^J $4j^Lg
Arbovirus
l" \\ il^flAll ^ 4j iifl'u in l u a yjfl
Area Sampling
(JjJaLlAjl (JJ9j (jLuc
Arithmetic Mean
^gJl LUA Jfl LM Jj ^ $ jgJLulA Jaji B J
Artifactual Association
n^i'i >^^j*i
\
.(J^a) i bjP *M = 1 j j *M -
;
.'"ulj-'^^l (^yaxA *Lia -
ij
4_aUJ 'i n*iH ,-.u 1U.^, .u*. .
C&SO
-j . - ,t< li ,-. *j ~ *
[11]
Artificial ntelligence
^i-.l 'iU, ^.l t lj;
Ascertainment
CjVUJ! i .i* SCiilU
Ascertainment Bias
<-
iu^ll - 5tlAihuV jiaj
Assay
4 , n il *%
Asset
JVi
Association
(JjiljJ tjjl id" ( -lajljJ
Association, Asymmetrical
jiaLiLa V -iajljJ
Association, Causal
'.'"' -i^JljJ
Association, Direct
^JiLlo JajljJ
Association, ndirect
^uilLa V -lajljJ
Association, Spurious
l_4j| j JajljJ
Association, Symmetrical
jJaLiLo Jajl^J
Assurance
(jLftj^a
Asymptotic Method
- i r. * r. s f
Attack Rate
4 aa^Jl (JJx-a
Attributable Benefit
Aj j hi 'i .a A.jtii-0 iajjsu AjtiLo
Attributable Fraction (AF)
j \x-a]l 5. V^Jl
Attributable Number
jjiil AliJ
Attributable Risk
oj \a-aJl & \Jal a all
Attributable Risk Percent
flj^LoJ
a j a a a u A-J aj ail A-Luijjl
1 Attribut
a u-g-o. A <u^i
] Attrition
^aaLjj
Audit (0) i
J jLa J
^JL^
^0 ijjja^j S t _jjjjllaj
Australian Antigen
" \j - ;.,jV/ v ut.'n^lt !'
Autonomy, Respect For
<jjlill ^ljla.1
Average
jp- a a $ QAji aj a
Average Life Expectancy
l aJ (J 9-0L0 la 1 a aj a
Avian
C5J^=
Avitaminosis
(jj-oLliill jjc.
3
-/jjimll j (jkJJ (jl <ajUu <U^jj ) 4jAilj.a
Py-J1
5jjU j .*j = iJjl ... Jl-
;
( <JJ>1!

4_aUil h^al\ .'.utU,^. f?t ,, G&SO
<#>
iW \\ "< j '- >' j
[12]
Awareness ^ji
Axis jj^*
*ut\xl\ ka^al\ ,'.utU,^. ^jut G&SO JJ J - & it <li_*ij Aa_.i
[13]
B
Background Level <1&^\ <_sjili
Balance Sheet <^ JM ]\ ^ijjJ
Bar Diagram sl^Vl -kkii
Barrier jj*- i _>u
Barriers To Services cA^kA\ cikjil
Barycentric Coordinates s ji>i cLn\^\
Baseline Data s^jJ <LuLLi * iuic\i cjiiLii
Baseline Survey ^jVl ^uA\
Basic Reproductive Rate (Ro)
((^jL-aJ Jj*-<J) ( _ s jajLuiVl CllVl=J j!ilS JitJi
Behavioral Epidemic ^jli tij
Behavioral Risk Factor ^J^ jLlL tiM
Benchmark ^i^ju-s X^y^A^ic. ^lJ
Benchmarking i^jl^^ji*
Benefit Aj<ii* i s-tfii
Benefit-Cost Ratio Alisill s^usi a^a / 4L4
Berkson's Bias uj^ji j?^
Beta Error 1% LLl
Bias jjj=>. s j^
Bias Due To Digit Preference CA'j J*^' j^
Bias Due To nstrumental Error cA 3 h\ LU. j^s
Bias n Assumption i>=jjWi ^J j^i
Bias n Handling Outliers >iijili ^ J^uii jJLs
Bias n Publication >slll ^ ji
Bias , Presentation Of Data cjUiUi jij 3^
Bias Of An Estimator jSill ji
Bias Of nterpretation j.^1 ^j jlii
Bias Of Measurement o-Uali jlii
Bias, "Lead-Time" "fiSUi c^jll" jii
[14]
Bias, Ascertainment
i'il aJlmV jj^'i
Bias, Berkson's
UJ^Ji j^
Bias, Design
, 1^1 ^i 'ill ji-^'i
Bias, Detection
i i.';,<ll ji^'i
Bias, Due To Confounding
(jjiLiil^l jj^'i
Bias, Due To Withdrawals
jjll-vn/l^U jj.C S-vl'l jl-v'i
Bias, nformation
dlLi^LLajl ^AS^l
Bias, nterviewer
1 lj-v'ii,i^ll j"-'i
Bias, Length
Bias, Observer
-i Mi '. *-; i
Bias, Recall
(jSiU) jlSiLLV jli2
Bias, Reporting
ouyijii2
Bias, Response
AjLiluiV _jj" v "
Bias, Sampling
(jUjcV jj - *"
Bias, Selection
f.LaijV/l jj^'i
Bias, Workup
<JOj|j^ll (-S (Jj/Utlill j;l^J
Bimodal Distribution
JljLl ^Lxi jjj
Binary Variable
/jjljj JJ*ia
Binomial Distribution
laJ /jjLJj p jjj
Bioaccumulation
C^J^p'j 2
Bioassay
A^i A ja 4 , l- il Q ^
Biological Age
(gjjaJ j-a*J
Biological Factors
(_g jja. (J^Lc.
Biological Plausibility
Ajjj^ AjJjia-a S^jj^. U_>^
Biological Trait
^_J n 1"^ A-AWJ
Biological Transmission
l$Ji*- JUiiJl
Biological Monitoring
**.;j.;^ 4jal^)-o
Biomagnification
Biomarker
, /- A l-V ~|-V . >l*1
CSj^- (>""J
Biological Marker
gr?-Aj (Mj
Biometry
5 ,j^\l r*J .,,1 ia\l r'*i^/.
4_aUJ! 3a*flll .'.utU,^. ^gjt G&SO
j . . A< li ,-, .5j \. .i \
[15]
Biostatistics
(C ^4^. p' ' ^^}
Biotransformation
lSj^-Jj^
Biota
lAjj^
Birth Cohort
itfj\ jj\
Birth Cohort Analysis
S&jll cJj^ L^
Birth nterval
(jJjjVjll (JJJ <LaU!l
Birth Order
ciiljV_jll ' ; 'j" j"
Birth Rate
.1i]j.a] (JJa-o
] Birth Weight
SjVjJ (jjj
Bivariate
lhW^ tP*-"
Blind (ed) Study
aLxuLo *Luj )^
Blocked Randomization (,
j- *-"u a - j *Lj \a \ A lniVi
Body Burden
,.n-v'l pi ir_
Body Mass lndex( BM)
, i,i-vU i Vi's 1 li/i/i t
Bootstrap
LS^ 1
Booster
Box-And-Whiskers Plot
AiiuJj *J)^] u1 U'X. 1
Box Plot
q a ** 1 1 a AJdd 1
Brainstorming
u;j<U, Cj<i\l ,-l5 'J4.M i i.~r.
Breakpoint
ij, auiSll 4JakJ ^(J. ^iq
Burden Of Disease
(j^al^o^/l pC-JC.
By Product
^jjUi jli
1 c
1
Caliper Matching
cijUJ /yJlill jltjSJ
Cancer Registry
(jlia >uiJl cJ^- UJ
Capital Cost
2ljL^S jJ lJuKjJ
Carcinogen
(")*? > uL *
Carcinogenesis
4 *lJ-i uLoJ
4-aUil 3a*al1 AaJkueu (iM G&SO
-j . - ::,< \\ ^-| ft 5|j j^_^j j
[16]
Carrier
J-.U
Carrier, Chronic
(j-O^-0 (3*L^
Carrier, Contact
(^-o^a-o (_J-oL^
Carrier, Convalescent
<Alij]| J jL (J J-aU>.
Carrier, Healthy
Carrier, ncubatory
4_jL,_ixiJ \ j jja ^ (JLi.
Carrier, Permanent
^jb (JxL^
Carrier, Transient
^)jLt (_>oL^
Carrying Capacity
(J ""* '' AjbJOl
Case
4JU
Case Collateral
S ijL^-o aJL^
Case Comparison Study
O^Lill 4J jlLo 4_uil jJ
Case Compeer Study
(jjjall j AJLaJ ^uiljj
Case Control Study
A&lj^iJ j 4JUJ <jJjJ
Case Fatality Rate
tli^UJ 4jU) Jiii
Case History Study
O^A uixll 4_ull )J
Case Referent Study
xji.lj-allj Cll^UJ 2_ui!ji
Case, mported
a J j j'i i a a 4jL^
Case, ndigenous
AiLl j <!U.
Case, nduced
4j^>^ 4JU.
Case-Base Study
o^tlill j 4JUJ 4-uiljJ
Case-Case Study
aJL*. JjLLo aJL*. <jjj^
Case-Cohort Study
(-jjjVjCjVUJ^jj
Case-Crossover Design
i ' iSfl u. il J J 1" J j il ; ~ ,^ . ,"
Case-Mix ndex (CM)
ciiVL^Ji py* * ,, " , ' n
Catastrophe Theory
ClljljJ Aj^)JaJ
Catchmenfs Area
^*.^ iflAi" 4)-i'i*
Causality
^ 1 1 < u >'
Cause-Specific Rate
(JJ*-g C-ili a J ^j-^Li. (J^Lo
Ceiling Value
(jj'^J"^) ' '""' A *&
Censoring
plj.ri
4-aUil 3a*al1 CAaJkma (iM G&SO
j . . A< ,-, .5j i. .i \
[17]
Censor
jlic. i s^lji
Census
jKuill j|^*j
Census Tract
J Axj jLui-o /(Jjfm
Centile
(J^lJ-a SAjjxo <L^J^>jJo
Cessation Experiment
' j2 4j _^j
Chain Of nfection
(_ jjxjl 4 UtlWn
Chart
i J-ilj-^ ' l-iJ-i-^^ ' 4-vj\
Check Digit
ji^j^j
Checklist
(_^a^ill -2_jij i 4jl^ ja <Lajlii
Chelation
^!>L3 4^Jj
Chemoprophylaxis
AjjLiaiS Ajlii j
Chemotherapy
uijjl ; n fs <Lail^a
j Child Abuse
Jiklb C>J SjiLl ^ill^l
Child Pearing Period
J-ojJ ojj3
Child Death Rate
JliiaV Clj-o Ji-o
Child Mortality Rate
JliJaVl tllLl3j J^*-a
Child Nutrition, Measures Of
JUiaVl 4-liu UJLJ-2
Chi-Square (% 2 )Test
*_J^)-a (_jl jl jlkl
Choroplethic Map
<Lj j!/H ^ .u**
Chromosomal Aberration
j i -a iil^ijl
Chronic
l>j-
Chronobiology
<aj LoJ Lia.jljtuS
Chronogram (1)
" i, a j S^io^J (Jlii1ii"i\! La-La *
Circadian Rhythm
AjjLajJ aJalil i^^jJ jjjj
Class
2 aiU ' i ii.^.
Class nterval
i iV^tl 2\.^U
Class, Social
<ac.La!ii.l AilL
Classification
t aiu^i'i
Classification Of Diseases
(J ' 1 J M" u ->"
3
.uilj-all _4ajj1a 4-4ijJ (Cj\1jm +Ajatj ) w "' la ,' * "J - ^

4_aUil 4i^ail ,'.utU,^. f , ?T , G&SO
,j . . A< ,-, .5j < .i \
Glossaryof Basic Public Health Terms [18]
Client Flow Chart
(jjji!lLall (_3^Ju AJajLi.
Client Satisfaction
*a'*i*'l ^..VuSi.^H \.>>j
Clinical Algorithm
Aj u uj A-Lo \ )l^^ $ jC u uj ^ * La
Clinical Decision
^<s^iKV1 jljill i lsjij^ jljfll!
Clinical Ecology
AjjjjjJ Ua.j]jSLV
Clinical Epidemiology
Ajjj^uJ CjLijjjj
Clinical Protocols
iA\.\\ \r-.\ji cZ\<\\\Ky\ -u~.\ji\\
Clinical Trial
2 l^l"llK!/A ijjju A i V3
Clinimetrics
2 i<i'ii\<l /2 'j'j'" '"J '1 '
Closed Cohort
' u *tjSV ;j" AJUiLa 4 l ~j"?-
Closed Ended Question
jii-o (Jl^joi
Cluster
JjSJC
Cluster Analysis
/g 'j'"" - - (Jji^j
Cluster Sampling '
(g 1j'ii-. (jLiitl
Clustering
^oV.'
Code
i^^-S o^-ij
Code Of Conduct
' 'aj.'Vill Ajjio
Coding
JjjSj S jjLOJJ
Codex
4.J jJLo
Codex Alimentarius
3.jic.Vl Ajjii
Codex Medicamentarium
<jjjVl Ajjii
Coefficient Of Concordance <. jljtfl J^ii
Coefficient Of Variation
lJ^vi cUiJ.
Co-Factor
-J'"' (J-oLt
Coherence
~l 7- uul S fj^J kJ '^' u .J'
Cohort
Cjja. St_lljjl
Cohort Analysis
(j jj 3^
Cohort Component Method ^jsVl cjUjSJ ZLjL
Cohort Effect
^jjj! jjjj
. i> J_a. \j 4jJi- 4lu j 4*.ai = f-ijj5A\ JjC-S - V
\
<L*UJ) *-\ tn\\ '' i - ^'"- -^ -
f^3r> . . . . ,*< n ,-. . , \, .i \
[19]
Cohort ncidence
^-jljjVl clij^aJ /p j5_jll
Cohort Slopes
<jjjj ' " ' j ^ La
Cohort Study
Ajjjj 4_ui!^)Jl
Coincidence
4J J i ^i n
Co infection
A \-*\ , ^-.'i ^jjc.
Co intervention
c3)l ui^a (J^Ju
Cold Chain
^j jjlljl *t'"'i'"
Collinearity
' " ' -1 1 >u
Coloning
Colonization
]Lqjuau
Commensal
acLko
Commission
4 K ^ ftfl A
Commitment
P ijsa
Committee
4_bJ
Common Source Epidemic
Communicable Diseases
4jj1 mil (j^al^-o^/l
Communicable Period
AjjUJ jjJ S4j^uJ ojjS
Communicability
^'^> u)
Communication
(Jj-alj!i
Community
^ t
* alia a
Community Diagnosis
Community Health
^-^^m :. .
* ala ail A a i ^
Community nvolvement
< ') 7> all lill^Jjil
Community Medicine
ala ail ' u lia
Community Oriented
*_ij]| - $<L^.jj]l ala a
Community Participation
A-lx^o'l^-a < jLi-a
Community Trial
AjjLoJ^a Aj >^J
Community-Based Services
Aja ala all " '1 aAaJl
Community-Oriented Primary Health Care
<jlt^J|
4jL ooJl 4_L*_a
;i.Ml a iljVl <daJLa]!
Comorbidity
AS )\ il\ a A-uial )-o
lA*l\ 3a*all .'.utU,^. ^gjt G&SO J.
j , . ,*< ,-. .Sj i. .i \
[20]
Comparison Group
A.J jliLa A f ~-j"'? a
Compensation
,_^aJj*J
Competency Based Training
o?.lill ^jic /yllaS t-JJjlill
Competing Cause
(jjilio Ljiii a
Competing Risk
4_^9l_La p j Hi -s a
Completed Fertility Rate
J n"< n \l 2 ^ J, . ^. 4. \ 1 J v.' ,
Completion Rate
JL^V Jiii
Compliance
2 i-.jl U^il
Composite ndex
i i*\j^ i ii.uA*
Composite Sample
A jSj-o 4Jjc
Compression Of Morbidity
4-Jal j-ojl i->* i <a
Computer
UJ^jalLAi
Conceptual Definition
a *^ L u a 1 ' *JJ*"
Conclusive
r>
Concordance
cJ'j 2
Concordant
ajl jia
Concurrent Disinfection
jyLuL*. / a)Z/Lo _Jjg Kl
Concurrent Study
a gl ni-ti <L^ jJ
Concurrent Validity
jj^lj'i^ll jjj^.^lll 'rf'l^lj'i^ll 4-Vl.~ll!
Conditional Probability
^jJa^jilu Jl a\~\\
Confidence
<U3jJj^i
Confidence nterval (C)
2.1511 (i- iAi_j]| A\,Ai
Confidence Limits
<AiJ ^^ s 2.2J ja.
Confidentiality
AjjjUl
Conflict Of nterest
?dl u a-all p jL_aJ /' . jfl u ''
Confounding
^UjJ S kla
Confounder
^nU (J-o^-
Confounding Variable
jj,l ivla.l i iw ii ^ j li'i^i
Consanguine
(Jj-aV <S j'i in a
Consensual Agreement
,. i^ijj (jc <ialj-<i
Consent
JjL 'Jjsjj
4_aUJ! 3a*all CiUlk^u ^u G&SO
,j . . A< ,-, .5j i. .i i
[21]
Consent, nformed
(jialjj j ^ic
jjr. 4ilj^ ''AjiVim^ iiilj^
Consistency
(Jjlij ijLuij
Construct Validity
<\ /nil , a^i^i ^ mil ^ "^ 1 ^
Contact (Of An nfection)
('t^jjiil )iJLLi
Contact, Direct
o^joiLia A Jail -^ a
Contact, ndirect
& u\;l Vo ] 1t~- 4 J-N "^ ^
Contact, Primary
Jji-kJUJ,
Contact, Secondary
w J* "^ A
Contagion
Cfj"^
Contagious
(^-i) ^^i-i
Contagious Disease Epidemic
JiJL-o (jia \-a f.Uj
Containment
Ja^^J $ el^iaJ
Contamination
Content Validity
U.J AL ^** A ^ a ' ""*
Contingency Table
(jiljjll uj^.
Continuing Source Epidemic
uajj-ki-o j-iU^a-o ttij
Continuous Data
Continuous Quality mprovement
(CQ)
uilui-aJl aJj^J /\AjjjAJ
Control
Sjku., l r <^" t -a A i 2^M<, i LnU
Control Group, Controls
iJ&Uilil AX- a-O^-ail iJAlj-Jc
Control Limit
~<^*;\i w
Controls, Historical
QJ^ >J) -^'^ u
Controls, Hospital
<u''' uixil JA j_l
Controls, Matched
(j ail9l gLg JA ajJu
Controls, Neighborhood
jlj^. .lAljjJ
Controls, Sibling
^.Lkijjl JlAl ail
Convalescent
AAlij
Convenience Sample
A v ^i \ij| 4j_iC.
Conversion
Jj^J
Cookbook Approach
4 auJaljJl CllLuWill UJ^Lul
<LUJ 4 1< fill u*u'" tU,^,. .u. . G*J50 tSJs
- ,*.< 11 ,-. .j . -J *
[22]
Coordinates
CiUjial
Coordination
( AJjujjjii
Cordon Sanitaire
^a^a Jala.
Correlation
UluJ
Correlation Coefficient
JaljjjV! 'tSlil
Correlation, Negative
u aS& JaLiij i^^jlui JaLjJjl
Correlation, Nonsense
i. M r'Z'i? ^- **' yj)>
Correlation, Positive
^JjL- i (Jla^l iaLlJ jl
Cost- Benefit Analysis
AJljill j4ilill Jjkj
Cost - Effective Analysis
^Jclill j 4ili]l (JjLlj
Cost- Utility Analysis
^iuji j mail jjkj
Cost Analysis
Ailill Jjlaj
Cost Shearing
A aK'i\l ~ , tl l ia'i
Cost-Effectiveness
Analysis
AiKjJ a JUi Jjkj
Counseling
) g\ t tl .ft
Covariance
' u lal i .a-a (jjlfi
Covariate
t]jLi-a jjalo
Coverage
(J^a-a^u ^A-iiaiJ
Credibility
AjalAj-a-o i jLoJfcl
Credit
^Liicl
Criteria, explicit
<bj )Ld jAjlx-a
Criteria, implicit
Criterion
Jj-ajj i
' j '7^ ^LiiLa $ ^jl jia S jUi^-ft
Criterion Validity
jLulaj JJAk-a 5 jLulaj 4a i
Critical Appraisal
j_jjLilj| _ S(_jjaj - 5 u ja. (jjAii
Critical Period,
2 jail jjlll
Critical Population Size
jjLSiiil ^ jail aaj|
Critical Time Window
^jaJ CJaJll SialJ
Critical Value
AajaJ 1 2 alSl|
Cross nfection
AjLLii (CjJc
Cross-Cultural Study
<_iLLaj ^ dl 5j A-uj o
<LUJ 4-\ :n\\ '*''u> tk,^, -u*. .
C&SO
j . . :-x ii ,-, .5j \. .i \
[23]
Cross-Design Synthesis
l yi\ ,/>. ,i\ i, n< j'
Crossover Design
^ li1 ,; \ ,Vjil - i fi'in ,"
Cross-Sectional Study
,__iJa^)aJ laaaS 4_uiljJ
Cross-Subsidizing
^tjJ^UoJ
Crude Death Rate
aUJ ciiLajJ Ji*i
Cumulative Death Rate
tr *l jj tliLijll Ji*i
Cumulative ncidence
(e-aSljjJ CjjJl=J i
(^jSl j$jl!
Cumulative Effect
(j-sijii jSVi
Cusum "Cumulative Sum"
(f^") <-r^' J^ t>^
] Curriculum
^jJ g*i
Curriculum Vita
OJAulJ (JUJ
CutOff
^Ua
Cut Point
(JjLaill 4 JaflJ $ (J l^ jfl
Cyclicity, Seasonal
-uL-flfl So lSjjj-^
Cyclicity, Secular
*Lli-G^) Ajj 5J^
Cyst Count
(jiJSVl ic.
1 1
D
i
DALYs: Disability Adjusted Life Years

j^J
JJ9j 4 ^-v .^y>li ^oxjl dll^ioj
Data
CjULu i ' " il J "
Data Analysis
CjUUll! - J CjLJaxJ Jjkj
Data Cleaning
i'i1*i1ii\_ ' i ' i i L. />\l a'UYi
Data Dredging
ciiLjLull - i ''<! j u. J jjfiSJ
Data Processing
CllULull - t,--j;U^l <jJUJa
Database
'JllULuS - * 'JllUjajLs e Tr-lS
| Death Rate
ola_j]| (JJa-o
4-aUil 3a*fll1 --J-lk.-- (>M G&SO J
j , . ,*< ,-, ,^j Aa_ii J
[24]
Decentralization
LjSj-iU
Decade
Decimal
cS _>-u-u
Decision Analysis
jljail Jj'*-*'
Decision Tree
jl \jij va u'''
Deduction
r'UiJloil
De Facto Census
(Ji jjxj
Deforestation
dlLjlil 1 ^J __>-iJ S <-.^>-i. j
Degrees Of Freedom "df"
- * u 11 *. 1 - - *
De Jure Census
(_J^)JaJ j|j*J
Delegation
jji-UjiiH
Demand
i til ' i tlu
Demographic Transition
"cr*^" 1 '
g?--' J-J-J- -!-- Jj- 5 ^
Demographic Trap
^1 S l i) - i ( ^ s $\ jC. yall 7&
Demography
Lialjcj-ajJ ijliiJ iic.
Demonstration Model
^.^-.jj jljL
Denominator
' '^U i *rj-- " S alia
Density Of Population
jl -villi AiliS,
Density Sampling
^jiliiS (jUjc-l
Dependency Ratio
JjV 1 - i JjjLS (-LmS) Uuij
Dependent Variable
uU __y*-i-
Descriptive Study
*Lli--*aj **-ojl iJ
Desertification
\a i aj
Design
- i a i *aJ
Design Bias
Design Effect
* i/%. *-*Mi j i-^'i
,i^.^i'ill ji'il'i
Design Variable
Desmoteric Medicine
/jj-< , aj) < . iU
Detection Bias
t i.**\ll jj-"
;
.uUill
Jj-ila jiajl _ A^jjaA^jj -A

kAxl\ ~i n*i H u*Jt lli,^ .-.. .
OJSO <#>
. - .<u \\ ,-. .Sj i, -*j i
[25]
Determinant
Devolution ^
(_gj\i>\A (JJ A u'..i'l (jij Sj_pajjaj
Diagnosis
tyaJA u'"'
Diagnostic Criteria
jjxiiA'll "(J.^l i" jnl.*
Diagnostic ndex v
Dichotomous Variable
( C.jsij]\ )jjlxj]l ,-jlJJ JJ*J-a
Dichotomy
LS-^jj J?"*^ '(e^-" ' rc *u'
Differential Diagnosis
^Jii jj^rLiii
Digit Preference
t5-?3j 3^
Dignity
AJjS
Dimensionality
jLxjV JJ^ii
Direct Adjustment,
u^U-g 7Ll^j*aJ
Direct Standardization
ujLia ^yiuflj
Direct Obstetrical Death
^Jjjll o^iLiAll diLiajll
Directionality
A \l^\ -**'\ 1 4j /i -v A ^ aj
Directives
t " )| d i-^ aj
Disability
j4^
Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYS)
3 7-* " (Jj^J AAA 11 a\ 1 >AXJl Clll^iui
Disability-Free Life Expectancy
;
j-ajxJ! jjA AjlLiJ lj-vti Jj^Lo
Discordant
^allLo
Discount Rate
jj^na-v ill J V. ->
Discrete Data
*> 1 u -al ' " ' " ll J * * "
Discriminant Analysis
<_ jloJ (Jllau
Disease
!>=>"
Disease Burden
^a ><i]l c-UJC.
Disease Frequency Survey
(j^a ><i]l 11 \j ?t^a
Disease Label
M-a Vftil ajjj 9
Disease Mapping
^j-a ><ijl JaJl \a. aju 1
Disease Odds Ratio
(_>^a^)-all A-ja^jl 4 juij
4_aUil 3a*all CiUk^aj ^u G&SO
.j , ,*< ,-. .Sj \. .i \
[26]
Disease Registry
[Via VAJ (J*^ ul
Disease Taxonomy
(_pal^)-c,'V t"ll jam"
Disease, Preclinical
LS JiJ^ ci--- 9 O^J-
Disease, Subclinical
QSJiJ* ' -*- O* 3 ^
Disinfection
J-k-*-*"
Disinfestation
J N)*-.l -Uljj
Dispensary
4 ili.vi^i ' t ii^ij'in.^
Disposal
lJuj^
Distribution
b Oj--
Distribution Function
^jjill Uli
Distribution-Free Method
P jj-"' L> *,'" *u 4i-! __>Ja
Doctrine
'/*'
Document
4iiij
Dogma
rtii rt A
Domain
-MJaS
Domestic
tA) 1 * u-?-'--
Domiciliary
iJj^
Dominant
JuLui
Dose-Effect Relationship
jjjbJ j -ft jaJ 1 --iMc
Dose-Response Relationship
*ULajL*Vlj jjuSjall -*i!%
Dot Chart, Dot Plot
(^ill) Uki-Wltijl
Double-Blind Trial
Aj^xlill *--ijjj '"-J^'H
Doubling Time
' asl i iajll (j-a)
Drift
t-ilj-ijl S(Jjaj
Droplet Nuclei
jljj t ' " '1 j.; '-' '1 cS_jJ
Dropout
^j ' ' i*"i*
Dummy Table
Jj^C
'LiaJ iClLaL-a (JjAa. 5(JjJ-. J'ij-aJ
Dummy Variable
4-LcO JJ*1*-
Dynamic Population
4 ;*s ; 1 'i p a j^
;
Aliull
Sjj^all ^A; ^_4j l^juii j *U-aJ <Ut] -*\

kAxl\ 'i n*i H u*Jt lli,^ .u> .
c&so
j . . A< ,-, .Sj i. .i *
[27]
1
1
Early Detection
jSLd! (_iL53V
Early Warning System
jilJ 1 j lifyl^UiJ
Ecogenetics
' ) .
Ecological Analysis
cp- ' Lr^-AAi' 34^
Ecological Correlation
'j.' - <_s^>\yy ialij jl
Ecological Fallacy
4JJJJ _5 4 ;->j\j<<l <LojAj
Ecological Study
Ajjjj -S <1^jJjjJ 4_ui!jJ
Ecology
j^jjjV iAiull Jc
Ecosystem
' ' os.Li '/jilJ aliaJ
Effect
__yjLj
Effect Measure
jJjUill (JjjLj1
Effect Modifier
ujul! '. aJali
Effective Population Size
-a^Aj jj^ftjl ( a^-^J
Effective Sample Size
<Lii*J! jjjJ --^ S
Effectiveness
;yiii
Efficacy
o^US,
Efficiency
OfU$ 4jli
Eligibility
AjLJ i aJa S k^L^a
Eligibility Criteria
[ j\i^-\.,y\ _ 'J4,l - ;li j..!.-.
Elimination
jj^aiilill
Emerging Pathogens
Empirical
cSJf" -cs^^H
Emporiatrics
jLioiV/| i_Ja
3
'"'''jT ^ cr^ ^^' J**' **-*-^j-1j .j "*' *u .: j^- :0,'T '..'.' .
( cw-^ + ^h ) rj&A ^ - ^
1
jaja - 11 u Jjj^ll 5^Ll u > >
\
4_aUJ <z^al\ u*u'" tU,^,. .u. G*J150 l5 J
1 ,1 u** u."! >lij i4_ii J
[28]
Encounter
i\L*
End Results
<Jjl^J ?TjUlJ
Endemic Disease
Endemicity
A , ', li aj
Endobiotic
UA'N i i\a"., />
Environment
^jjj
Environmental Epidemiology
Ajiull CiLijjj
Environmental Health Criteria Document
2
jlull 5 j-v , *\\ jjjL*x] 4Alij
Environmental Health mpact Assessment
;
2 /,,,li 2 ,^.^.11 r*iij, - ;r;\i .nS?
Environmental Hypersensitivity
A_ilu_ul A LbUl uaAj] a >B
Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS)
^^JuJ A-iill (jL^-3
Epidemic
S.Ljj
Epidemic Curve
f.l j'l laid
Epidemic Threshold
.Lj_j1 <jjc
Epidemic, Common Source
Aa.ljJ jA^a-all
pUji fcaj ] i t'n a j t a a m-o c-Li j
Epidemic, Point Source
jAi-a-all (_SJjjJ - t 1"'' -l-Jj
Epidemiologic Transition Theory
^jjll (Jj^ill Aj^iaj
Epidemiologist
CjLijLj_j1 u a1 u alkl
Epidemiology
CjLijLj_j1 ale
Epidemiology, Analytic
liWill r'& ,M ,j\l ~\r-.
Epidemiology, Clinical
(_JJ^)jJ CllLuLjll jxlc
Epidemiology, Descriptive
u ajll C1iLijj_j1 aJc
Epidemiology, Experimenta
|2 j.'jjT'"^ C1iLjjLj_j!
Epidemiology, Operational
--jLiLajJ diLuLjll aic
Episode
Aj &j iA-jJ^i )Lc
Epizootic
L_il_JJJl t^jjljj^. e-Uj
Epornithic
^jjL .Uj
Equipoise
^jljjlml
4-aUil 3a*al1 CAaJkma (iM G&SO J.
j , ,*< ,-. .Sj i. .i \
[29]
Equality
fil oLuJ-0
Equity
AJjaJ tSj<H Jjjia.
Eradication (Of Disease)
(jJ'-'J-"") Jll^lVill.l
Ergonomics
ajiLill i A-ajlj-o
Error
Lkk
Error Type 1
JjVl la-iil (> Lka.
Error Type
/-jLlil ia-ajll (j 1 La
Error, Random
/tfjlj^ i ivC- Uai.
Error, Systematic
, Vi "ni _ ' -V j 'i ^ 1 Wi
Estimate
jjjaii
Estimator
jjLo
Ethical Drugs
(Jjl^Jjl <Cj^)ili-a A_J_jjl
Ethics
Oba^l
Ethics Review Committee
Ol>La.V
Ajt^l^)-o <i^J
Ethnic Group
AjS^jC- /4-iiJ 4 Cj "7- a
Etiologic Fraction
leJLjjl _>? ' CS^" 11 ' *j?-
Etiology
^jVi'^'ajU
/4_ijLjj] i L ys\Ja'i \ LLiLi]
Etiology, Etiologic
"1" ii., < <<"*il in.'.ll
Evaluation
((^j^)(4^
Evidence-Based Medicine
EBM)
Vi.'.mti i lUil ti*J m\
j& jSjJi ^jUi s j,'trt\i uiji
Exact Method
A *^ i*v . *u< 4 a i 1 i*^
Exact Test
A a u a jLili.1
Excess Rate
ojlj^jl (JJa-a
Excess Risk
o^jl 3 S Jal a a
Exclusion Criteria
il . jj . ,S> 1 jjjUta
Expanded Programme On mmunizatic
n (EP)
?W^^>^
1*1*" l .UJ^ll
. siaji j fU ^ujZAi LiLu! Jj\ -\ Y

kAxl\ 4-\ tn\\ '' i - ^'"- -^ -
c&so
,*-.< ,-. -ij i, O \
[30]
Expansion Of Morbidity
A-j-ial \-aJ .*_uj $j
Expectation Of Life
oLl^J (J^-oLa
Expected Frequency
*Jjal1 jjjj SaJjlcJ jljSi-l
Expenditures
dilaai]!
Experiential Learning
^;jj7>'-^ Jj<aJl
Experiment
Aj^^j
Experimental Epidemiology
.-jjjaSJ CjUjj^ Jc
Experimental Study
4-uj^)^j A-ujjJ
Explanatory Study
Aj \-AjuJ S-3 Ai-.i') O
Explanatory Variable
(C UjjiAJ yii-o
Exposed
1)1 9) >
Exposure
o--j- J
Exposure Assessment
^a^jjljjl aJJii
Exposure Control
(J^J-cil 1
,j *.<-"ti i fja jajjl LailL
Exposure Limit
Exposure Odds Ratio
(j^a \jtliJl ** J"**** 11 A u a '1
Exposure Ratio
^ajxllJl 4 u 11 'l
Expressivity
Ajjjjt'i
External Quotient
t^-aftl J-alaJ
External Validity
3 i3k.jta.J 3 a. 1. .all
Extinction
jj^aljijl
Extrapolation
( a 1 j ,'"i , n 1 t lil 'a , n 1 t ^ | .a', , Ll 1
Extrinsic ncubation Period
akjLaJl AiUiaaJ) jjJ
1
F
1
Face-To-Face Communication
A-g^l^-alu (Jx-al^J
F Distribution
urn * i - - -
Facilitator
UAlAjl
<LUJ ~i n*i H u*Jt lli,^ .-.. .
c&so
-j . * ,^.< i| ,,-i ft 5|j j^_^j j
[31]
Factor
(J-olt
Factor Analysis
JJjJ ^ikj
Factorial Design
' al r - a La i aj
Fallacy
aJJJw
False Negative
i_j jl ( _ 5 jLj
False Positive
(_! il ^Uj)
Familial Disease
^Jjlc. (>aj-o
Family Contact Disease
Ajjc AJa!Li-o (_pa__)-a
Family, Extended
Family, Nuclear
oljj Aljic.
Fatality Rate
cii^i- $42L>yi jJii
Feasibility
j- ^
Feasibility Study
jj nu'll 2 ,'iK J 2 ,,lj u>
Fecundity
4*>-^
Feed-Back
J J :\M t wa."\\ << hi. '\\
Female -Male Gap
CLiLjVj jj^JJ (j^ Sjaill
Fertility
^j n, ^%-*>
Fertility Rate
Fertility Ratio
A. ij.^i-^ll 4 'itojii '2 ij. -~i4.il 4 i.u'l
Fetal Death
4 i'ii'i-v 'Al ^j
1 Fetal Death Rate
2 iiiWft i"i1 lijll Ji.
Fetal Death Ratio
_ <\-Aui3 4 ' ,J ^ J 1 i " 11 d o *LluiJ
Field Survey
' Q ^ /Tulfl
Filed Trials
uLjjl.^ja - 54-Ja.a. Aj^j^j
Fisher's Exact Test
^ -v . ^\\ . Tl lQ il i'i-^1
Fixed Cohort
(jjJJU C_ll^)jl
Flow Diagram
djljja all LJaa "
Flowchart
jjivrtl LL-^ cjiv;\l 2U,j-^
Focus Group Discussion
Ajjjj u* c^aa ail 4 J La
Focus Of nfection
(_5 j^t ojJjj
Follow-Up
4jjULi
4_aUJ! 3a*al1 .'.utu,^. . ?t , G&SO
j . . .*< ,-, .5j \ .i \
Glossaryof Basic Public Health Terms [32]
Follow-Up Study
AjuULo 4_uiljJ
Fomites
' ''"'!;u>u aa i(_JjJaJl 4i-aj-a CllljJll
Force Of Morbidity
A-jJal^)^! aj$
Forecasting
( ijj
Formal Training
,, am^l ' . 'J J iiul
Fortuitous Relationship
A%"i . V! SSMr.
Forward Survival Estimate
ULU ^jl /i,J jJJlii
Fourfold Table
] Fragile Data
4_i!iA i " <1 * U ^
Fraud ule nee
JLil^l
Frequency
jljj i jjJj
Frequency Distribution
cSj'j^tJJ 2
Frequency Matching
Ajjj^j 5a J
Frequency Polygon
lgjlji ^i'^io
Fumigation
(jjj*j t vjj>j2
Function
2Jb
Funnel Approach
CjLa^J aj .aaJS c_ijiujl S^jUa .all uj^Lu

1
j Gant Chart
,-,-,u "KU/ j JlVl
Gatekeeper
(JiU
Gender
(j"*~M ^Laia-V Aull ) ^ >~"il *1~> -J-ii?-
Gene Pool
'" '" . Aj-La^J
General Fertility Rate
,lll 5 ij. -~i4.il (JJjLa !:
Generation Effect
(J : iajl ^yj'J
.0 jj!
j ^uid ' miJ ixj fcc-ai <L)i 4a jjia A-a jj _ ^ f
|
5_aUJ 'i n*iH .".!u> k .*. -u>. .
f2?fi[f> ruw .t5K 11 '*! ti*l l Aaii J
[33]
Generation Time
ih^ a*j
Genetic Drift
ts-^ d^
Genetic Engineering
Ajjjj 2 , ,1 ^ 11
Genetic Epidemiology
Ajjjj CjLijjj
Genetic Linkage
Jl\jj JaUSjl
Genetic Penetrance
Jl\jj laSil
Genetic Shift
LS ir ? . 1 ' > Jjjj
Genetics
ilAJuljjll S4jj_j1 Jc
Genome
(jj^-a '''.;?u ^ p j"7- all
Geographic Pathology
Ajal ji=J Lr*._j]jjLi]l
Geometric Mean
. yj ^Jjj 11 !*u i li rtj)
Geriatrics
-^ i .Ml i^_ija
Gestational Age
(J-A^Jl ^jdC
Global Burden Of Disease
(_pa^)-al! ^^-aJLxll s.L_aJ
Goal
Ajc- S t^^
Gold Standard
^^jAJ jlja-a
Goodness Of Fit Test
(jjiljjil oJ_j^. jlfii.1
Graded Effect
J.li* Jjl
Gradient Of nfection
lSJ^' J- 5 - 1 ' 10
Graph
^Lij (JJi Saui^) S laJaa
Gravidity
4,-lLaa
Gross Reproduction Rate
(-iUh^U JL4V 1 J-^ 1
Growth Rate Of Population
jg-jl^Lii'l j^aill (JJjLo
Guidelines
Aj^Lij JjVj
J>j J 4a.lj! - \ i
kAxl\ ka^al\ ,'.utU,^. ^au 0&J3O ^j J - -u< <li_*ij Aa_.i
[34]
1

Half-Life
j^ll l i.-Vi
Halo Effect
AlgJ jjiilj
Handicapping
tii* 2
Handicap-Free Life Expectancy

(jjxjjl jja AjjLiJ oLi^J (J^aLo
Haphazard Sample
Ajjlj^. - tSjUl mc-. 4JJC
Harmonic Mean
(.ialjj Jaiiijio
Hazard
( .jl "^ 1 !*** "?) J^
Hazard dentification
j-la-aJ (_jlj*luil
Hazard Rate
jJa=J Jiii
Health
A^.^i-S
Health Behavior
Health Care
4 i-n. , ^"i ^jLc, )
Health Education
-v i ^i t i iVi'i
Health Expectancy
^ a i ail (J a-oLo
Health For All
. .Tkll S-* . ^ill
Health ndex
" i a 1 u LuiLa
Health ndicator
gr*^ 1 >^>>
Health Policy
4 l-S. . 4 nil Willi
Health Promotion
- ^J^JJ SAaj^all JJ_)*^
Health Risk Appraisal (HRA)

^ ja u all jUl 4. ^ \l ^jjJii\ (jxiii
Health Services
5 ^.^.\l i'i *vi\|
Health Services Researches
<ja u all <"'! aAa 11 C_! c=o
Health Situation
" i all x-Ja ^jl
Health Statistics
A ; -v . ^i i"iLl , aa.1
3
^juiU Jalal! JjVl o^ 1 4b - ^ *
h !:
4-aUil h^al\ .'.utU,^. f?t ,, G&SO
,j . . :-x \\ ,,-, h\j \. o j
[35]
Health Status
2,^.^11 2\U\U ^.~\l . .Ujtl
Health Status ndex
-vi^ill i>ijU 1 ii.nA*
Health Survey
^ 1 a ^1 n <i
Health Systems Research
2 ii .^.ll r li'ill r'*ij^ 1
Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy

Healthy Workers Effect
\
rU.^VljiWhU!/ Jfl^l j'il
Healthy Year EquK/alents (HYES)
i
2 ^.,'-^11 '."iljV'i <,"iUi\'\,i
Herd mmunity
"LlC-LoZk A.cLlo S jU'ati <c-lj
Herd mmunity Threshold
_ikaJ 2x-LLo 4j!ic
Heritability
CjJJjj]) 4_iLlii
Heteroscedasticity
dijlaill (JjUj
Heuristic Method
<\ i^-N oj <\ a i \ja
] Hibernation
f.l'nul 5(_jliju dil lui
Hierarchy Of Evidence
2 hSfi 2 ^j* <u t'i \"'<\\ ,' ,-;lj-;
Histogram
/Tuiu ^iSJr Jr^ ^^J^ -0
Historical Cohort Study
2_;--_;jl'' <jjjj 4_ui! jJ
Historical Control
,_ij^)lj ^aLuj
1 Holendemic Disease
/\ia aiijl (_LaLJu O^ 3 >
Holomiantic nfection
A. Lai JJJ (_ a^C.
Homestasis
( _ s JLj-a jljiiuil ^JJJ jl jjl
Homoscedasticity
tlljLiill Clllii
Hospital Acquired nfection
i
i ''i'i "i ill i A i.'.,ri < s.i <_Jj.1r-
Host
Host, Definitive
^Lgill ^j!lll
j Host, ntermediate
la 1 a a J a ^_c jj
n
. Jjj-ojl = (jlii-a Z ) tf>i-a u' 'j'^^ JX-oJl
iiujJ! s ' ijjJajl = (Mjjj r) t^j^l -^
\
4_UJ h^al\ .'.utU,^. f?ta G&SO
,j . . :-x \\ ,,-, h\j \. j
[36]
Hourglass Approach
\
"LlLo^l <cl mil i_Jjluil t '"'l aAaJl ^aaj i_j^Laii
Household
SjJUJ
Household Sample Survey
>m<s 1 (j-o '"" ' , ; f "- ttiii a
Human Blood ndex
(5 J1UJ.\| Oil 1 Uu'm
Human Development ndex (HD)
i 111* ill i ^Jj'l 1 l.a'u
Human Ecology
4j uU 4jmJ ,Jc. S4j u"Li]l 1 ^ .1 j<^l
Human mmunodeficiency Virus (HV)
\
(_^\jjijj| <C.LLttll jjC- (JJiJJji
\ Humanitarian
^LaJl i (ji.
Hygiene
*u ^ . , " ' a u. > ^\l ~ \<-.
Hyperendemic Disease
/pa fllijl Ja )ia iyay*
Hypergeometric Distribution
ts-V-^A JajS j>i
Hypothesis
4 u-'-> \9

1
ll
atrogenic Disease
L-HaJ /tfjJa ^jia >a
ceberg Phenomenon
<jl ^ L."
diosyncrasy
^-jij ^j"i i "^*i
llness
4.1c
llness Behavior
AiJMjL.
mmission
?uij
mmunity, Acquired
uUujLt 4-LLo
mmunity, Active
<Jtli 4tlia
\ mmunity, Natural
4 i 1 1 U 4 r.l 'i .
mmunity, Passive
<Jcli V <cLLo
mmunity, Specific
4 \cl j A-l_La
3 u
H t
4_aUil h^al\ .'.utU,^. f , ?T , G&SO <f,
. * ,*u.< \\ ,-, *,2|j j^_^j j
[37]
mmunization
J 1 A$
mmunogenicity
4_lcLiAij-k; 1
mpact
*lj i Ajj-a i jj^
mpact Factor
jjjLj (JxLc
mpact Fraction
JJjUill c-j?-
mpact ndicator
^jJUi]| ui^a S ^j ljuil uj^a
mpairment
i ,kr- iJMikl
mplementation
.iiajj
napparent nfection
4 jfll a (_$j^c HjjjH i " < (_jj^c
nanimate
jL^.
ncentive
ja^a.
nception Cohort
jJjaD^Alii i-jl^jl
nception Rate
(J^SjujY J^a-o
ncidence
(ijjJaJ 5 p jSjll
ncidence Density
djj^aJ aJUS sp Ja_jll aJUS
ncidence- Density Ratio (DR)
Cli^
JaJ 4J& 4 amlSp jSjJl AJlliS 4 i.ii
ncidence Number
p j5_jll JJC
ncidence Rate
i'"ij^\l Jja^i S pjSjll (J-iaLa
ncidence Study
p j3j 4_uil jj
ncident Case
AjJajlc <lLa.
nclusion
fV"' a 1
ncubation Period
4 'il , >i -v \\ o ua
ndependence
J^ij'nil
ndependent Variable
(J Q 'j i a a uiluj
ndex
Hill A
ndex Case
<Jb5JU
ndex Group
5JW 5_Gj-aa-aJl
ndicator
UJjjJ-0
ndicator Variable
ndirect Adjustment
ujLxo >JC- 714^-w-aJ
4-aUil 3a*all --J-lk.-- (>m G&SO
.-j . - ,t< w ,-. .ftj ~i *
[38]
ndirect Costs
o ijjjl 1 all uc t fljj vUi
ndividual Variation
^jja i_a5l3i.l
nduction Period
tvlaj \aji o )li9
ndustrial Hygiene
2 ,<-.! ',. -.11 5-C. -.11
nequalities n Health
C5^-=> JJ*
nfant Mortality Rate (MR)
xjjaj\\ C. 1 fij (J^aLo
nfectibility
^j^xJi <iLii
nfection
cSj-^-
nfection Rate
(_5j^J Jja-a
nfection Transmission Parameter
;
(_5j^aJ (Jliijl u " u1 S3 "
nfection, Gradient Of
C5j^J JJJ- 10
nfection, Latent Period Of
j_gj^J s-lii. ojj3
nfection, Subclinical
<jjjjAiiJ ' " la J (_g j^au\
nfectious Disease
S f i" . > >
nfectiousness
AjjjJc-
nfective Dose
<jJa-a]| Ar^^^J
nfectivity
u ^J
nference
JV.SLJ
nfestation
Aj i yaa AjLhd 1 $ :'"U 1
nformal Sector
cs _Aui J ) ^y^ P"^
nformal Training
^ Aii\ ) >iC. C_1J jJu
nformatics
<JjLojl*-aJ idlU-ajW-all
nformation Bias
^jLo^ix-o 3^^
nformation Superhighway
CllLa^ala-aJl Jal V-a
nformation System
CljLa aix-a UiJ
nformed Consent "^ a \ J ^k <>
2 oil j ^" ''j,nn, m\j
noculation
?tjSS3
nput
dibjlj S uj!iLLl
nquiry
a^Vim!
4_aUJ! 3a*flll .'.utU,^. ^gjt G&SO
j . . A< ,-, .5j <. .i \
Glossaryof Basic Public Health Terms [39]
nstantaneous ncidence Rate yy>ii ^JJ\ Jj*-
nstitutional Review Board (RB) (^^i <*+\yA\ ^J^a
nstrumental Error
ji\jA Lki.
nsurance
Cx^i
ntake
(_>^j5 i ^Uj
ntegrated Services
2-v.^J ri ,vitl
ntention-To-Treat Analysis
2^tl.\l V-Si JiU"
nteraction
ijclij i jSj
ntercept
^Ua
ntermediate Host
gjLkuij ^_o_J
ntermediate Variable
>^ L i.\ flj A \ 1* J A
nternal Validity
(JiU JA^ $ 2jkl.il1 iau-al!
nternational Classification
Of Disease (CD) Jjii u ,"^1
\
(_pa j-oZaj
nternational Classification Of mpairments, Disabilities And
Handicaps (CDH)
;
(_3j*'j j"" "J (J J ' ' <1, ' , '~''"
nterpolate
Vi Vi . u 1
nterpolate, nterpolation
^uUiLuil 'ViVin, i
nterpretation Of Data
puLiJil 1 1 u net
ntersectoral Collaboration
i'ilr.1 Wall jjjj (jjL*J
nterval
21, a\j
nterval ncidence Density
4_LalaJ ,j p jSjll AiUS
nterval Scale
2 \, ^-.1 aU ^\,^
ntervening Variable
(J^l^ia JJ*ia
ntervention ndex
(Jil.Viil i (..>(.
ntervention Study
2 ...j^' _t 2 \- ;r" 2..,lji
nterview Schedule
<LLLa o^Laiuil S^Jjlia (JJ^
nterviewer Bias
(JjLiall jj"*"
nverse Relationship
<\ * , Ar AJS^lc-
<LaUJ 4-\ tn\\ '' i - ^'"- -^ -
f^ar> - . . . :u:< n ,-. .5 , \, o *
[40]
nvoluntary Smoking ^jjJ V o^
sland Population ^uj?-- '^j >- j*-?-
solate (^i)sjjiL^
solation J> sij&J
' ] i
Job Description ut4M Ul^j

K
Key ndicator (<r ^j3l > s>l!
Keywords ijalsL. - s3Jb cjUS
Koch's Postulates ^^cJJLl
Kurtosis z^j&
]|
Late Maternal Death SjaJui v^Vi cAJj
Latent Heterogeneity (^ iU -) ^^ j^
Latent mmunization (y?^) ^-^5^
Latent nfection a^u. ^yc
Latent Period *UiJi SjSa 5 ^uji jjJi
Latin Square ^V ?>>
Lead Time ?&ilcj
Lead Time Bias ? jsiJ ci^li ji^i
Least Squares lsj^= til|>>
Length Bias JjUi ji^i
Liabilities i_ijikJ s (aJJ - a iJi
5-UJ 4i^ail ,'.utU,^. (i aji J , 0&J5O JJ J - -u< <li_*ij Aa_.i .J
[41]
Life Cycle sUJl ijji
Life Events sLpJi <^4jk^ tiAiJ
Life Expectancy sbaJl Jj-L
Life Expectancy Free From Disability (LEFD) lM-
Life Expectancy with Disability >*!i - s^ Jj-*^
Life Table oLi=ji cjl^^ JjAi
Life-Style sUill ^jL.1
Lifetime Risk sbaJi <^:u SjLU-
Likelihood Function c*?u^ ^
Likelihood Ratio Test &*-J& <-^ p+*i Jj&.\
Likert Scale cjjSJ^
Linear Model ^^ jljJa
Linear Regression ^JLi. jh*j| ^1 tiijil
Linkage i^j
Live Birth ^ ijj*
Literature Review cjU&ji 4*=j j* s djijSli ^
Locus
JCkia &
Logic tS^ai-ll
Logistic Model ^jU] j'j^ ^cs 1 -^--? 1 J 1 ^ 3
Log it V^jVl f%j^j3
Logit Model ^=jVl ^ji&ji jljL
Log-Linear Model ^r^ ^jj^jJ jljL
Log-Normal Distribution ^^ ^jU^ jy
Longitudinal Study aJjL- $ ^42- $AjjVj1^uijj
Lost To Follow-Up 4*jU ^u^
Low Birth Weight ^^i^^ sjVj qjj
M
Management Sjbl
4_aUJ 4i^aj| ,'.utU,^. ^^ G&SO JJ j " '** " d_ij A-i .J
[42]
Mantel's Trend Test
JjljLal <Lc.^j]| jlfii.1
Mapping
-lajl^ijl A-i-iaj
Margin Of Safety
4.-a^Luill tyL&Jb
Marginals
(_p-al^A
Marker
a la a iflMi] q
Masked Study
oLoX-0 - Sl ul3La -S4JU&.Q A UJl j 3
Masking
' u '^Q^ - -4-J-a*-! * J ,a '
Mass Action Principle
^LaaJ (JaiJ S^Xo
Mass Media
AjC j-a^ JajLuij i f^n-\ (JjLuij
Mass Treatment
^-Cj-aa. <r!>lc.
Mass Vaccination
u 1 " J "T~ i* ..'"'''
Matched Controls
AAjQalo - SAial jlo JA l_jJi
Matching
"LLUaA '(JjJjJ
Matching, Caliper
l?j\f- - -ts^ i3^y
Matching, Categorical
c5jia Jjaljj
Matching, Frequency
^ jjj ^jj
Matching, ndividual
t^jljal ,_3aljj
Maternal Mortalities
A-aj-oV ( "^.j\j
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR)
Aaja$\ ' " ll ji J (J^*-o
Mathematical Model
gr^JJ jL>^
Matrix
2 iji. *A\
Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC)
\
Aj r- j)uiall u aSV 1 jjjj]l
Maximum Likelihood Estimate
u ^' a V i tj? j'^ ^y-^
Mc Nemar's Test
jjl *"jl " jljiil
Mean, Arithmetic
'1 i a a la u aaj a
Mean, Geometric
i " li& la i bjJ a
Mean, Harmonic
(.ialjj Jauijia
Measure Of Association
Jajljlill (_>ulj3
Measure Of Central Tendency
Aj^S^all 4c-_)j]l (jjjUia
Measurement
O-"^ ;
4_al*i! 3a*flll .'.utU,^. ^gjt G&SO l
.j , . ,*.< ,-. .Sj i. i \
[43]
Measurement Bias
(_}^lja]| _);1^J
Measurement Scale
jjjjUa!) -,l L ,i
Mechanical Transmission
t5 jJl : Lo Jliijl
Median
)- 1 . n a]|
Median Lethal Dose (LD50)
lamjll <1iaa1 "Lc^iJ
Mediator (Mediating) Variable
Jaj u bj jjiliA
Medical Audit ^
oJjUa l * AAia
Aji^.1 _^a S u. cft^-J ' u . (jV'''
Medical Care
<Aa 4jlc j
Medical Record
^jjJa (JajbO
Medical Statistics
:uyi CjieL^V
Metaanalysis
(_j^jj- S(_jjJj Jj^j
Methodology
A 1 iw 1 ll (J*1 > ., jll ' i-vill -*\\\ i:'i i-v^ \A\
Miasma Theory
(AjiJ Sj^J^) LojUall 4j^>]iJ
Minimum Data Set
CllLJaa-all i jM LliJ <Lcj^a_J
Misclassification
U\[ iiw^i'i
Missed Opportunities
S M . >u '1 jj^a^jijl
Mission
^Lujj
Mission Statement
*Lag-aJl (jl^J
Mobility, Geographic
^_il jia. (JUjj
Mobility, Social
^Loj^.1 ^!j_a. s^Ul^l Jliijl
Mode
u'jj-
Model
P" JjxJS jl_>ia
Moderator Variable
Molecular Epidemiology
Ajjj^^J CjLijjj
Monitoring
4jullo S<jal^)-o iAk-aj
Mo no tonic Sequence
Ajjjjj AjjUia
Morbidity
A.jJal \-aJl
Morbidity Rate
<jjal )-aJl (JJa-o
Mortality Rate
Clll_ia_jll (JJa-o
Motives
.t 41 -^
Multicollinearity
'*'"! ulu J-^u
<LaUJ 4-\ tn\\ '' i - <k'"- -^ -
C&SO
j . . A< 11 ,-, .5j <. .i \
[44]
Multifactorial Etiology
Multilevel Analysis
CllLj j'i i ji a\\ J Jaj-o (Jjlaj
Multinomial Distribution
Jj^^j J^xiap^jj
Multiphase Sampling
jljJaV JJaJ.4 (jLlJC.1
Multiphasic Screening lW
j-all ^JbLLa jjk 5 jljJaV JlJaia ^>^i
Multiple Causation
JJia i iw.i'i
Multiple Comparision Techniq
U0S sAlsdaJ 4jjlLa]l l_Jj]Lul
Multiple Correlation
JAxLoJaLiij
Multiple Logistic Model
jlXa^l JJjlLoJ jljiaJ
Multiple Risk
A ae~\ , >. ^j Ul -v ^ ^.HalLo ft Jal a a
Multiplicative
ar-.l , Villi ^jj^ijjl
Multiplicative Model
ai-.l , >u" jl^)Ja
Multistage Model
J.=JjJ AUe Jljia
Multistage Sample
Jjklj-all oAjJC <LiiC
Multivariate Analysis
Cllljjij-all .pe. JjJaJ
Mutagenic
j_aJa*
Mutation
iali'i $3 ]Qt-
Mutation Rate
SjikJ JiLo
1 N

N.S, (Non Signifiant)
<J luu V
National Death ndex
j-iJajjl CliLiajll i . in) 'la
Natural Experiment
A i iiJ-i A ij-^'i
Natural History Of Disease
(jijAil j. ry_A^
Natural History Study
u*j. ?So^ 4jjijj
Natural Rate Of ncrease
SjLjjl! (jJLjAlaH Jj*-ll
Nearest Neighbor Method
ujj'V _jL=J Aijla
Necebo
^jLja Jit
Necessary Cause
^ jj uJa < u 1J i u
Needle Stick
" a Jil j^J
4_aUJ! 3a*all .'.utu,^. f , ?T , G&SO
,j . . :-x \\ .-, B ^j ij_ii j
[45]
Needs
'"'l a.Ljla.1
Needs, Perceived
a <j <i, i"i1 -s.1 i"-J
Needs, Unmet
n\ ll^v jir. t"ll -vl J-vl
Neonatal Mortality Rate
jaSjJ CiUaj Jj*-a
Nested Case Control Study
;
A^jLiia ^a^jjj Cll^L^. <Luilj-3
Net Migration
J>-N t^^- 3
Net Migration Rate
^iL^aJ) o^j^Jl Jja^s
Net Reproduction Rate (NRR)
(JL^all (-jLaiV Jj-
Net Reproductive Rate
Jljjll (JB u all J-lT-all
Nidus
A L >^J^ <J^jJjJ
N-Of-One Study
.1*1 J J ji cs ic <jjjj
Nomenclature
4^
Nominal Scale
_-O^C ^iuJ
Nomogram
2M-J LU,
Nonconcurrent Study
a^y) *ua >$u A-wj jJ
Nondifferential Misclassification
oijo"ij,r-. i aii.x'it' 14 -i. i i,',.^o
No nexperi mental Study
AjJJ^iJ JJC- <Lull^p
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
;
4-WjfL=jl ^ic. u"" ajaj all
Non-Observed-Effect Level (NOEL)
i
la a *^ al 1 JJC- JJjljll (Salma
Nonparametric Methods
<Gju2/i JJC- (Jjjljja
Nonparametric Test
jjUlLo JJC- jl iiaj
Nonparticipants
^jjS^jl >ii a j >4-
No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level
(NOEL)
ia.XJ
jjc. jl 1 jail jj^ (_ff j'< 1 1)
Normal
^Lki s^^^jjfL
Normal Curve
* 1 liil! 'l-v'l^ll
Normal Distribution
er*^ t JJ 2 'cr^ &JJ 2
4_aUJ! 3a*fll1 .'.utU,^. ^gjt G&SO
j . . A< 11 ,-, .Sj i. .i \
[46]
Normal Limits
J* J. - Q -^ 'Axollaj - oJti.
Normative
ur^J^
Norms
,jljS l .U*l\ $i_ij*J! S4jjioi
1 Nosocomial
\ Nosocomial nfection
i " i iQ,''i i , n rtll , c c JX-
Nosography
i>ij^U t o iw^i'i ,'r.
Nosology
jj^lj^S/l t iu^ij'i ,\r.
Notifiable Disease
p^V S^-j O^J-
] Notification
^1
Nuclear Family
SljjJ 2U3L.1
Null Hypothesis
lC jL all (j^ajalli j^Uajll Sj, '^ji
Number Needed To Treat
Ai^jla-a _i_iis -1-X-
Numerator
1 'ajjaiiall S J-imlll i ojjj-aJ
Numerical Taxonomy
, /u \V. i ii'i. -.'


Objective
0^3^
Observational Study
Aj5 j-alb <xuljj
Observer Bias
l_J|l^)-all jj"**
Observer Variation
(- Error)
( - LU.) (-JijJ UiX^i
Occupational Health
i Tig ^11 rf-vi^ill !:
Occurrence
u ''j'^ S
Odd Value
4_pl jijl - il'lA <-oj3
Odds
S_;-^7-jl
Odds Ratio
** ;-"7-j^H 4 j i a ')
Oncogene
<^-?JJUi^
One-Tail Test
oUjV /(JjJS c^U jbli.1
Open Ended Question
r ailfl-0 (Jljjxu
;
# L_1
jJl (JaX Jaj 4AjjAa<Lajj . >A
|
4_aUJ 4-\ tn\\ u"J^H-.-^ -^ -
caso
..j . . ,'-x \\ .| n S|j i- -i j
[47]
Operational Definition
tPlja.1 - t^L>C. -JJJJU
Operational ndicator
CllLllaJUl uijj-a
Operational Plan
^"uNiaYrtl LL4. ,\l
Operational Research
AjjLiLaC Cllj^j
Operations Research
(u111 JlttJul *^J>^J
Opportunistic nfection
AjjLglil cJj-^t
Ordinal Data
Aj^jj diULij
Ordinal Scale
if*-J*- 'ts^J^f^
] Ordinate
(_^Jj-at (JilA^J
Organizational Stability
2 u'i ,ll jl^jaijl
Organogram ^
littll UUi Jl c 2.,.Utttl 2*,N1
Outbreak
<.j3 t ij^a^a pUj iAAJili
Outcome Research
jljjj| Cllj^j
Outcomes
CllLjajja t '"'l ^J"*- a '^jliJ
Outlets
2 -> ia S ajJsj _)^' J >- a
Outliers
'Jju.'-^a S j,'.*lj'i
Output
J=^
Outreach
2j.jLaJ1 '"' a-laJl
Over Adjustment
t-v , ^v\ j-iji
Overcrowding
pUjjl J JiUiiSV/l
Overhead Costs
S j .*! J /% jji ] 1 i 'a j 11 Sjll
Overmatching
tjSljjJ iajS
Overview
4_-al_C. o Jaj $ A.l,.al jjd A.jl^1 >a
1 p
1
i Package
P Value
P ^-^
3
(jl Ajjj*J jjjijl " ;ul2 S\j ; AijjAa 4-aajJ
-f lf i&, t> <UjaJl ^A "AJaiil! " \ \
;
. "<_J>1J AjJall iliLaJkyft*])
w
4_aUil 4a*o]| ,'.utU,^. f?t ,, G&SO
-j . ,*.< \\ ,-, ,^j <. -i J
[48]
P, (Probability) Value
JLoj^ <-oja
Paired Data
<^jl jio CjUuj
Paired Samples
4_ia>jj u " '1 ij&
Pandemic
(jaJ ajjc e.[jj s<aJU.
1 Panel Study
J.1C.^>]| 4_Ul!jJ
Paradigm
Ji.
Paradox
AJSjlLo
Parameter
jLm S '**' "-
Parametric Test
u "';!''-' jLiii.1
Parasite
J^
Pareto Analysis
jjjjLj (Jj^j
\ Parity V^j -'^j 11 ^j %Myi*Jl*11
Participant Observation
(jjSjLuLall <jil^)-o
Particularization
4 1 . y, 1 . ^i i J
Passage
j - *jb-J
Passenger Variable
jjLc- ^y*J-<i
Passive mmunity
<JcliV - <2t,, <tlia
Passive Smoking
oljiVb (Jjivi t J r ,U Sf jj-^l"
Pasteurization
S j'tMi u]
Path Analysis
_jl 1 11 all (J.;'^''
Pathogen
U^J*"
Pathogenesis
o^' J-*]
Pathogenicity
4 t <a 1 vol
Pearson's Product Moment Correlation

jj^ajjjjj! r-liijl ^3^ /'J^
Pedigree
L-li ajll j*^ lm
Peer Review
. iLo^J <Jl^.l^va
Penetrance
iiajjl
Perceived Need
3 jJLa A^la.
4_aUJ! h^al\ .'.utU,^. f?t ,, G&SO
-j . . :-x ii ,-, .5j \. .i \
[49]
Percentage
4.J Q-Q )'nS 4_J o^q 4 Lui-J
Percentile
jj-lLfl t4_J^J-0 4^J UJ
Performance
*bl
Perinatal Mortality
iS^j^j sUj^ji
o JLill i
^jUlj SSj'.'jll (J'-?^ ( -^Aj
Perinatal Mortality Rate
(SjVjU ^kiJkJl S jail cAAj
J^a-a
SSj'.'jll J'-? 2 '- * ! ^J J-^*-
Period Of Communicability ^l>Jl
SJia t(_jj_iajl SJia
Period Prevalence Rate
(_5XaJ jl tal'iV (_)._*_
Periodic Medical Examination
c5 JJ J cs^ 3 o 3 ^
Periodicity (Of A Disease)
(u^j*) '^-iJJJ^
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
T" jAi.il ..all ^a utllll J^.
Perquisites
A_Jlj all SblJ-ll
Person -Time
L>> j (j-ai-ui
Person -Years
dll alul -j *u>- lb
Personal Health Care
<i___L____! ^ la 1 -a <jl_c- j
Person-Time At Risk ^UJibi
J o \Jal___iJ ^_pa )AJul (j-o)
Person-Time ncidence Rate
(jjll (J *- '*" Clll^jj (Cllj__*J) pj3 jll (JA*_a
Pharmacodynamics
AjjjJ AjSjzJ
Pharmacoepidemiology
^plj-J iliLuLjll ale
Pharmacokinetics
A-pl j^ll 4jt i^-i^all
Phased Training
(jl^J all ' . 'JJ^
Physician
1 nil-
Pie Chart
_ j lUall 4^. qJ
Pilot nvestigation
jC") i5J r .l .^1'0'iiul
Pilot Study
Sjfl ,=?,<", ,l /^jjLjjj <__)j_i
Placebo
Jic.
3
,-j
Li-U Ji-vla 2"^'j 4^J^a4--^j3 - t
j
4_aU.il 4a.-a]| ClUk-a-] (iM G&SO
i#J-
. - ,*< tl ,-. -ij \. .i \
[50]
Planning
JaJa^
Plateauing
c-l^li^i JL-ljJa^j tydajjjj
Point Prevalence Rate
u h-l jLssjV Jj*-
Point Source Epidemic
J V ^ a\) ^fl JjjJ ^J
Policy
^Ljjl 1 1 'i
Pollutant
ciijLo
Pollution
i*jji"
Polygenic nheritance
1 1**1 oil SAjJe 4jjj
Polygones, Frequency
jjj j^*i j^^
Pondral ndex
t^jj '.'""
Pooling
aALuij
t Laa-J SJjj^J] til j'i l'i'i a JLoxuil
Population
J*^?-
Population Attributable Risk (PAR)
i
o j \x-a]l a u aaJ ^j Jal a a
Population Attributable Risk Percent
|
a j \x-aJl
"o ] d aAj b > t-l a ttj A-J flA^ttj A ijjjjj
Population Based
;
jlij^
cs^)^-*"?- js-"?J1 ts^"- j^j-*
Population Density
ay,K,,'l aASS
Population Dynamics
* JS "~**^ (^"-k^"*' ) ^ *\' "^ 'J '
Population Excess Rate
*^JG "T* * ._) U^* -0
Population Genetics
*Ljljy|]| CjLliljjll
Population Momentum
J-a->J' fjc-
Population Pyramid
a^jg -n-^'l ajA
Population, Study
u aa ll A-wj^jJ
Population, Target
A Q *^/i ] . n /%\l fl |/i /% -v
Portal Of Entry
JjLaa
Portal Of Exit
-rjU-*
Positive Predictive Value
<jijlal 1 AjjUjV 1 2.^11
Post- Test
(_JJbu jLiii.1
Posterior Odds
ai^ a ^->ji
4_aUil "la^all --J-lk.-- (>m G&SO
.j , ,*< ,-. .Sj \. .i \
[51]
Posterior Probability
(3^. v jUa.1
Postmarketing Surveillance
(jjjLii'i'l JaJ Ai-ajJ
Postneonatal Mortality Rate
SjVj33^,j3Lj1! Sjjall clA^ Jj**
Potency
"t>'J& saJcU
Potential Years Of Life Lost (PYLL)
\
S ijSLaJl A LaJa ail oLiaJl Clllj'iui
Potentiation
ajliil ' u '"' la SAJclia
Power
aji
Practical Certainty
C5 iaxJ (jjSJ
Pragmatic Study
Aj*alj Ajoi jj
Pre - Test
(JjS jliia.1
Precision
3ia
Precursor
AjuLi
Predictive Value
a i.ij - ; <t .ms '<t ''j^'' <* " % *
Pregnancy - Related Deaths
(J aa S ; 4 laflj a t " ll ft j
Premunition
4. '-si i ^-i-a <cl_La
Prerequisites
aJj i . ill u^ti-'J ^jV;,,^
Pre patent Period
^jjJaj]) Jji La jjj / OJJ3
Prepathogenesis Period
( (_ya^yA \ f. j; i a 'ill (Jj3 ojj3
Prevalence
jl ul'i'll
Prevalence Rate
jl uffiV (Jja^a
Prevalence Study
J in" 'l V <juilj.i
Preventable Fraction
^jliji! Jjla ^ j=l
Prevented Fraction
Lff^" *J=-
Prevention
x_j a i 4j^J
Prevention Paradox
<\ iM Q a A , >i ql Vi /%
Prevention, Primary
<J jl <jla j
Prevention, Secondary
<j_jjlj Ajla j
Prevention, Tertiary
Ajjj ^jlij
Preventive Medicine
^LajJ uJJ
Primary Case
a j ji 5ju.
4_aUJ! 3a*all CiUfa ^- ^u G&Sffi
,j . . :-x ii ,-, .5j \. .i \
[52]
Primary Health Care
2 lijVl 2 '- - -ti 2Jx.jl1
Primordial Prevention
a ,w;,^ a,i5j c2 .M.-nti a ,Ujti
Priority Setting
ciiUjjjl ^j
Privacy
^ ii^i ^^i\ll
Private Voluntary Organizations (PVOs)
:
u'" J ** ' -J **u" CjLalaJ^ajl
Privatization
a. -.--.. -.--.
Probability
JLSatfl
Probability Density
jus-^l UiS
Probability Distribution
^JLu-J g- jjj
Probability Sample
AjLoj^.1 AJjc
Probability Theory
CjVLaJak,Vl -A-jjliJ
} Proband
,-.\f1.Jl 2. i\U c .-wV;.',,'^
T| 1 VUU l\A
Procatarctic Cause
c_lAj^> i_Uj "
Process Analysis
4,-lLmdl (JjJaj
Process ndicator
dlLlLfiJUl \jZiJA
Product Limit Method
-^cjLiJ JjJ-**. *Jj^)Ja
Professional Activity Study (PAS)
'^ \\ y .*'iti "Luiijji
Profile Plot
Prognosis
JL* *(>]!
Program Review
7WU UJl 4.JL**J >0
Program Trial
TT-o^-J^W-' 4-0-H
Program
?! t * a '-* J W
Prolective
^ji'a'iinl
Promoter
O^^P 1 -*
Promotion, Health
2 -* . *\\ 2 i5j - ; '2 -* . ^.11 j y j"
Proportion
' ' o J i aS $ i Loll 13
Proportional Hazards Model
^^Uil! J-kkVl j\jL
;
uL&
J;*- ^ ->^J 4*fcJ-& ^-"u"KP ^

kAxl\ ~i n*i H ,-.u 1U.^, .u>.
OJSO if
j , . ,*< ,-. .Sj i. .i \
[S3]
Proportional Mortality
Ratio
4 i ^ i l- 1 <\\\\ 4 ^iiiq'l
JCjLJS oil A Ujjj llll 4 un'nl

tliLjijU
Propositus
Prospective Study
\ Protocol
t-tan.,,,**!
u
^l^iA tjjjjjjj
Public Health
<Jji1\- Mujll <HaJ1
Public Health Medicine
5 i^j^* \l a-*. . ^.\l i iU
Publication Bias
] yj U| ] ^-V*^
1
Q

Qualitative Data
Quality Assurance
iJij-sJi f*jl ajJa
Quality Control
aJj-^Jl Jflj L<a
Quality Management
aJ^^Jl J JU
Quality Of Care
4jLcjJ S^ja.
Quality Of Life
a! i-\1 1 4 ifL oj
Quality-Adjusted Life
Expectancy (QALE)
i
<c-jjJ Jjij /""" L-a^all oLiij (Jj-aLo
Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALY)

Ajtjj]l Jjjj u
i ^^ La^all >oxJl Cliljlxii
Quantal Effect
(.iiii jl osii jjjU
Quantiles
<jj^^ dj j^
Quantitative Data
A_u < " J , 1-^ ,
Quarantine
er^ ->M>
Quasi-Experiment
4_Ll jjc. Aj^kj
Questionnaire
r 1 . ^.a">,.| ' jjl ii'>,.|
Quetelefs ndex
t"l ll'ilj^ 1 ll.llA*
<LUJ 'i .fill ,-.u 1U.^, .u*. .
OJD
A< ,, n 8|j ij_ii j
[54]
Queueing Theory
Quota Sampling
Quotient
Race
Radix
Random
Random Allocation
Randomization
Random Sample
Random Walk
Random-Digit Dialing
Randomization
Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Range
Range Of Distribution
Ranking Scale
Rapid Epidemiologic Assessment
Rate
l3J^
<Jj|j> : tir- (u JujA flSjl L. ilia
^A ojjj 1 AJa a ii ^*> a ft jj u l <q Aj \a 1
4_aUil <a^aj| ,'.utU,^. f?t ,, G&SO
tJ-i-
_iSJ!
.J
[55]
Rate Difference (RD)
JjaLdl jja
Rate Ratio (RR)
(JJsLall A a i iA S(J^*-a!l 4lLtJ
Rate-Odds Ratio
(JJa-Ajl Aj-i^jl A u ji 5
Ratio
'A ^, nfl C ^ 1 J Ll \
Ratio Scale
U n 1 ~ 1 i ^
Raw Data
-Li. ' " J **"* "
Recall Bias
jSilll jUaJl ijlliiliV jUail
Re cess ive
cr 2 ""-*
Recommendations
("1 U.-JJ
Record Linkage
i"iM->,r,\i u<j
Recrudescence
A , LlV 1
Reduction (Of Data)
jj^i liVi
Reductionism
i ..- fljjAl
Reference Population
t^J- Jfr 6 ?-
Referral System
aM^\ ^ i^j^lW ^
Refinement
a li. ; t(Ji. ;
Register
JauJ
Registration
Jj->Lil'i
Regression
j t-la-j 1 i i_ij-kj
Regression Analysis
jllajV- i i fl_oj^ill JjS-ttJ
Regression Line
jhajV - Si_ijau]l -La.
Rehabilitation
JjAj
Relative Odds
Ajuh'i 4 ujaAjl
Relative Risk
A ^^jjjj a j i 1 ^ /%
Reliability
<L^_g"<-*-
Remediation
--X-al i AjJLx-o
Repeatability
Si^V -LAS
Replacement Level Fertility
4-fc^al t Un^i fCa^juiX A j * , ^ i
Replication
LolljJ jlj^J
ljUSJ! (Jala *a!j _ AajjA iajj TT

kAxl\ ~i n*i H ,-.u 1U.^, -uu-
C&SO
j . . A< ,-, .Sj <. .i \
[56]
Reporting Bias
^OLytjiai
Representative Sample
Reproducibility
jUj iojlc-V! AM
Reproductive solation
^Uul Jjc.
Reproductive Success
t^M c^
Research Design
l"'lj-V ill 1 ^V L 1*1
Research Ethics Board
ljajJ CliLiaiLi.1 (jJa_/i
Reservoir Of nfection
(_ J^XJ p J jllulA
Residual Confounding
C5 iL a ll ^LulV
Resolution, Resolving Power
jj-all oj5 u JJ^J
Resource Allocation
Response Bias
<U1 aAUlV _);1^J
Response Rate
5;! ->"... yi JS<j>
Resurgent Diseases
o^jlx. ^al^)^!
Retro Cohort
^.c.la.jluil Jja.
Retrolective
,C.l^. CLoll
Retrospective Study
AjcL^jui 4jjjJ iAjjlxluil 4_oiljJ
Retrovirus
LSjH*LyjJi*
Revenues
cjbljjV
Reverse Transcription
(uiSaJ ^cjoijjl
1 Rid it
^j7~ j"'l
Rid it Analysis
AjT-^^all (Jjilaj
Right- To Know
Aij*-all ^J tjjaJ
Risk
( ) lala-a ' * aa 11 J o j Hi -s a
Risk Assessment
S_jJal a all ^y-^ii
Risk Assessment Process
a j LJ a all jj 'i* "Ulac
Risk Communication
jJ^UJUjJJL^
Risk Difference
Jala all (Jj^>3
Risk Factor
S^JaLa all (J-olc-
3
.jOjuJL Jald! JjVl OW 4b - rr

4-aUil 4a.^]| .'.utU,^. f , ?T ^ G&SO
j . . A< ,-, .Sj i. .i \
[57]
] Risk ndicator
o UaLi-AJl ^xtijA
Risk-Benefit Analysis
S^jliJlj o^iaLi-Ajl U. *^
Risk-Benefit Ratio
S^jliJlj Ja1 a-xll 4 u n 'i /LojuiS
Risk-Characterization
ajWnJl avi^jj
Risk-Estimation
S^JalA^all _^-^J
] Risk-Evaluation
J J-l -N- -ft 1 ) a ] iflj
Risk-Management
SjJjLLaH ftaJU^ SjbJ )j^Sl
Risk-Marker
jial -v aU aj-ulj
] Risk-Ratio
& ] q & ^' 1 4 Li " 1
Ross-Level Bias
^^lulaJ 3-J^
Roubst
.kite,
Rounding
j>^3jVl s^j^ 5aVS_jVl jjj-^j
Rubric
5.LL
Rule
sJtla (aliaj
1 s
1
Safety
A-JJ a-oLo $ M -0 ' u ^-g^-^
Safety Factor
3j6lUi 34*-
Safety Standards
<Lo^Lui]l JJjljt-0
Sample
4'i; r.
Sample Size Determination
Sample, Cluster
AjJijiic 4JXC
Sample, Haphazard
Ajal Jjl <Jxt
Sample, Grape
4..C- \ALQ ^ i rr.
Sample, Multistage
(J^.lj-ajl oApC 4 "'_;'<*u
Sample, Probability
AjjLaj^l 4 'iff.
Sample.Quta
i i ^i -v ll 4'n'r.
Sample, Simple Random
4 l-i 1 1 ,i 1 A ul J LUC 4 'l Lc
Sample, Stratified
4._lil^ <\ *i Ve~.
Sample, Systematic
A i-v a \ s. A \ Vc.
Sampling
jjLjjc.1
4_aUil 3a*all dUknaj ^u G&SO
,j , . :-x \\ .-, n 8|j ij_ii j
[58]
Sampling Bias
(jljjcV jj"*"
Sampling Error
^jliic.) 1 laa
Sampling Variation
jLiicV! lii^l
Sanitary Cordon
J^W 'jLJ>\
Sanitation
rl^j^l
Satellite Services
Ajuj CjLaJli.
Scale
^JjjLlLo^ a L > a ^ jLix-o
Scale, Dichotomous
&JJ^ c^^" t^W^r^
Scale, nterval
AAj-aLall aXjoa
Scale, Nominal
, aaj aljaa
Scale, Ordinal
<&&->* ?y*
Scale, Ratio
u4 ^1 i L'3 t 1 L t u 1 L ll 1 <l L it
Scatter Diagram
sjj^ill UM UU4., tj : ;i?; LL-^
Sciento metrics
2 ,J.\ i-J r.,1 1\|
Scores
jlj-l
Screening
jj_a 5^jl3
Screening Level
jjjll - i (_g^^j\\ (_g j'i 1 1)
Seasonal Variation
" U'^iS lj!Hj1.
Secondary Attack Rate
Aj_jJU1j ^ "?u;; (J^3t-o
Sector
^LLa
Sector, Health
t^-^ ^LL|
Secular Trend
Ajj jj - S 4_lLa^) <C.^j
Segregation
(Jj-aa i u u \;"'^'' 'ujc
Selection
s.lalil
Selection Bias
pU2jY jj - *"
Sensitivity Analysis
4 ) u M u aaJ| JiU'i
Sensitivity
4 ] u "1 u oa 11
Sensitivity Testing
A u nl , n-v ' 1 jl u -^
Sensitization
' - ' a
Sentinel Health Event
j 41 4. -s. . , i *i vi
Sentinel Physician,
< j'l uu ' "'i-
4-aUil 3a*all --J-lk.-- (>m G&SO
,j . . A< ,-, .Sj i. .i *
[59]
Sentinel Practice
o^aL^ A-ui^jLa-o
Sequential Analysis
^jiUj JLij
Serendipity
4-Ai.LaJ
Serial nterval
4 il,',il,Vi <L-ali
Seroepidemiology
3,1,
u-tall /Aja>jljj^joi]| CjLijLjj
Sex Ratio
(_puaj|
< 24 >4 ,
j^i t^ju'l-vll ^ ) ul S
Shoe-Heather
Epidemiology
aJj^ CiLiJUjll
Short Term Exposure
Limit (
STEL)
(_jXa]l __yj-a3 (_pa^)*!ill ^^
Siblings
pla^i
Sibship
i"iUja"^tij plluSVl
Sickness
pSi
Side Effect
i laL-a^a jj S l -f JJJ"
Side Stream Smoke
4jjjlaJ dljliill jLLi
Sigmoid Curve
j'iU 'l-v'l/v ' ^-^j*'^ Wm
Sign Test
(_J^)Lil __)Liil
Significance
<JVj * Jl^c.1
Signs ( Disease)
(
(_paj-all) Clll a\ a i CllLoilc. i i _ya\jc\
Simulation
AjJii 5 SlL=^
Single-Patient Trail
A^.1^11 (j^aJOj-ajl ^4_^^
Situation Analysis
jJa^ll UJ, *
Skewed Distribution
(JjLaj-a V - i ' ajaj p jjj
Slope
(Jj-0 l ^jl^^jl
Snowball Sampling
dli]l o^)S (jliic.!
Social Class
<Lc.Lal=J SajU
Social Drift
,-C.LaJa.l Jj^J
Social Marketing
|; al^Yl (jjjLn'i'l
Social Medicine
^UlVl4>^
Social Network ndex
2 ,r.l ^"^v/l i-KtAil i n,ii
Social Shift
t _ ? cL<ij^.l J_j^.jj
;
L_i
;<U j;^ '* ^ \ j ^ jja 4-ai jj . T

4-aUil h^al\ .'.utU,^.
-^* *
C&SO
i#>^
- .t* ,-. .5j \, o \
[60]
Social Trait
Z \e~\ "\-*.\ 4_auj
Socioeconomic Classification
."/u'l.Vfil (-.1 *~^\ [ i*i.Vi
Socioeconomic Status
2.i1. "SV< Z --t -'-V 2\U\
Software
'" Jt~ "J. 1
Source Of nfection
(_ j3xj\ ] ^l^kja
Spearman's Rank Correlation
(jLa^yiui 4-fO (j-o JaLii _jl
Specification
U^J* 2
Specificity (Of A Test)
(jLiikV) Ajc-jJ
Spectrum Of Disease
!_ya^yi\ ' L L
Spell Of Sickness
~Q . n ^j j
Sporadic Cases
Aj^ja oVla.
Spot Map
4 W'm i laj ji
Spurious Association
L_ijlj JajljJ
Stable Population
jjjjj^Q q yt /%*^
Staff Development
(jjialaJ o jja ^J-^JJ
Stakeholders
^j^lja-o file, i
Standard
jliLa
Standard Deviation
^jliLall L-ilj^iV
Standard Error
(_ jLuLa 1 laa
Standard Population
4j jljx-oJl 5 U AAil
Standardization
1,0 - - i *'*
Standardized ncidence Ratio
ojla-all p j3j]l 4 jinj
Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR)
o jiLall CllLiajll ( 4 nlj 4 ji'nj
Standardized Rate Ratio (SRR)
(jjiLajl (JJjLoj A-<lui3 fZ \\i\\
State -Of- The Art
(jaloS ^Lo < ll-i*J
Stationary Population
Statistical Error
il .^i-vl 1 L-A
Statistical nference
M , -uuvl y-uSLml
l a.u 2U...tt ,i.ti>.^. *^m* OiBD 'j u - u** " *' * J j , - *u' '
[61]
Statistical Model
M .^i^l M^jia
Statistical Significance
2,M .-| 2\^\i M r-il "tW-.l
Statistical Test
*'i i "u*] _ji /<
Statistics
zLaky]
Stereogram
H^ /\ l"> U^ *%
Sterilization
J"
Stewardship
2 j ^ ^a aJlCj
Stillbirth
i"n /> \ilj
Stochastic Effect
C5^ Jjl
Stochastic Process
<jalij| <aLgc.
Stopping Rules
' ..^J .1ft jJ
Strategic Management
^jaAiljluiV SjbV
Strategy
4 i^n 1 \J , n 1
Stratification
j "u Qi U U ^ i iLifll L ,'tyW]
Stratified Random
4 aiUrt 4 1 1 1 a u'*'<"- A-liC-
Stratified Randomization
' " ' L L (js j Aauuu
Structured Abstract
U \!i3 a jit^u
Study Base
A.-wj j^J ^uLuil
Study Design
^ i!j m! ii^i^i'i
Subchronic
L>*j^' UJ J
Subclinical Disease
ti JiJ^ * ^ O* 3 ^
Subjective
^jL^LJi
Subsystem
^ ; r; .11;; '2y,j r ll .U;ll
Summative Rating
u^^O'M
Superinfection
Ail i ' " {j^-
Surveillance
Jj^ajJ
Surveillance Of Disease
(_pa \-oj ALa^jJ
Survey
Survey nstrument
?r tn-nll aul
Survival Analysis
\ '\k\\\ ^Jlv;
Survival Curve
1 io ill ;^;^
4_aUJ! h^al\ ."J u>.-. f ;n G&SO
j . . :-x ii ,-, .j \. .i \
[62]
Survival Function
Uaill Uli
Survival Rate
LjaJ J^jLo
Survival Ratio
_ <\_Aoi3 $1 3fl ul A-LLiJ
Survivors
sLi^Vl i(jj^=>.ljlttll Sjj^LJ
Survivorship Study
elalll 4_LlljJ)
Susceptibility
5jL-aVl <lLl5
Susceptible Variable
^J^J n ^ > ^xj ^
Symbiosis
JAj^
Symmetrical Relationship
^jUl Sla 4jlc.
Symptoms
ti"J iK,';,
Syndrome
4-a j!/lio
Synergism /Synergy
J^
Synergistic Effect
C5jj^ Jd 3 ^
System Analysis
fJ^n J^i i < jj^n dpi
Systematic Review
J T 1 " & ' A 4-Jta.l J-^
Systemic Effect
^ jL^a. - ^ja^a JJJU
1
ii
Tally Sheet
'" J *lAaJ (Jaj^l
Target
i *a y'l liiJ
Target Population
4 Q V;> 1 i l- ^ ^ j jg a^.
Tasks
?h*
Taxon
4 clival
Taxonomy
"> 4 o ;
Oil. il
Taxonomy Of Disease
jj>il^j^V l i'u^i'i
Team Approach
L^J^ or 2 -"
Telemedicine
1>_J" '. |J->1 $.1.i (j<"- ' mWi*|
Temporality
2 iai. ,\l ' ^j^j" ' "'j*
Teratogen
a ot'ti.0^ ^LxuLo
Test Hypothesis
^ i *i . *i \3
4_oUJ 3a*al1 CAaJkma (iM G&SO
,j . . :-x \\ ,,-, B ^j i. u! j
[63]
Test Of Significance ^>-Ji
- i^i- {jjjcV jtfsil
Theoretical Epidemiology
/c^Jaiil i"l1j*ilijll a i&
Therapeutic Trial
A^ilc. Aj__>^j
Threshold
A_uc.
Threshold Limit Value 4_u*!i
ja. A-aja $a_lk1! aiL 4a21
Threshold Phenomena
A J it 11 j&\jja
Tme Cluster
A-iLaj S *'""- i (.jUoJ <l^J
Tme Line
,-iajJ JaJ
Tme Trends
A-lLaj A..C Jji.jj.oj sL^j
Tme-Place Cluster
jjl^O .jiUoj ( ftjjUM <L^J
Tme-Weighted Average (TWA )
LiLq 3 (J 9 3 9^' JaoJ aliAJl
To Do' Lists
A-LoC 4-la-l La ,jljii
Tolerance
JJaii
i Tort
, J, - > ^ a '
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
k\i atj^A.ti J.^i
Total Quality Management ( TQM)
SjjjjJ ALLiJ SjbV
Toxicology
CllLl^Q n-flnlll iaoA^ll AJC-
Toxin
(JXftxJJ
Toxoid
a^kJ (J-U4
Tracer Disease Method
i_ijlill ^^J^ll ^J^ 3
Transcription
^uLoilj)
Transmission Of nfection
tjj3x}\ JlaSjl
Transmission Parameter
Jliij^i u ' ul Sj "
Transport Host
Jfli ^jj
Trend
A^^j i sL^jli Aejj
Trend Line
Ac. Jill -Li
| Triad
ciijJli! s * - "
Triage
r 18iil ti ii'i, ,1 (jj
Trial
Aj^^j
Trimming
i 1 1 > . ..'
Triple Blind
Ajj!>j 4j^*-^
kAxi\ A -\t fill u*u'" tU,^,. .u. . G*J50 tJ-:
- ,*< ,-. .Sj i, o i
[64]
Twin Study
Two -Tails Test
Type Error
Type Error
]|
u
Uncertainty (Safety) Factor
Underlying Cause OfDeath
Underreporting
Univariable Analysis
Universal Precautions
Universe
Unobtrusive Measures
Uptake
Utility
Utility-Based Units
Utilization
A. LqLjj o^ *i^
]
Vaccination
Vaccine
Vaccine Efficacy
Validation
Validity
Validity -Measurement
Validity, Study
Variable
Variable, Ante cendent
ui ^i* ... u ^.'^>
4^UJ Hawaii .'.utu,^.
-^* *
c&so
i#J-rJ-
_isJ!
.j
[65]
Variable, Confounding
Variable, Control
:, Dependent
,, Distorter
i, ndependent
i, ntervening
,, Manifestational
j, Moderator
i, Passenger
i, Qualitative
,, Quantitative
i, Uncontrolled
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variable
Variance
Variate
Variation
Vector
Vector-Borne nfection
Vector-Borne Transmission
Vehicle Of nfection
Venn Diagram
Violence
Virgin Population
Virulence
Vital Records
Vital Statistics
Vulnerable Group
4jjj^ Clil?.
t fl >^-o \J*J-o
(Julius JJa-i-o
' LiaLa _>f*J-a
jjLc JJa-i-o
^-a uaxo
Ja^jJal^ vie- ^ixJ-o
(J j) Via
(JSulL AJjalo (_5j^c.
(_5jjt (JaLS * . ifuij
(jj3 laJaa a
u !>
t a \c
<jjiall (J!Ja.Vl Cx^ji
w
Washout Phase
Web Model
j* :
4_aUil 3a*all u'u'u
-^* *
c&o
l#>^-
_isJ!
.j
[66]
Weighted Average
Wheal Model
Work Plan
Work Planning
Workup Bias
X Linked
Xenobiotic
Xenodiagnosis
Yates' Correction
Years Of Potential Life Lost
Yield
Youden's ndex
Zero Population Growth
Zoonosis
a jg ? i^) ^' J^^
)J>.*.s-tA\\
es^'j^- O 3 J-*
4-aUJl Aa^ail CJbik^u ^a^j G&0 JJ j * u*< 11 Cj~ftij Aa_^ .J
[67]
J 1
0)i*b
4_aUJ ka^al\ ,'.utU,^. ^^ G&SO JJ J - u*< <li_*ij Aa_.i
[68]
< ^UlSi A^jxJl ^UajSll ; JjV ^tuJ!
Hazard rs and Risk
L. jAj ^u^ij owil ^ "Risk" i-is <> uilsis "Hazard " ^
.4 Lull Ajoij^j 4 uaLaJ _a.lj-a!l ojjj
Hazard= Anything which has the ability to cause injury;
= The source of danger.
Risk= The probability that a harmful event arising from exposure
to an agent may occur underspecific condition.
j jAjL-aj iiiija.1 ^Jc ojja a} f.^A i^\ : ^ju Hazard <*&
_ OaaJ )Awa-o |
La (J-ol*J (_paj*!ill (jc ?ujj JJJ-<= C1ijA=l Jl aliaj ; ,_j-i*j2 RlSk 4-&S W
25
- Hazard ( n. Danger; vb. To risk or expose to clanger. )
This term evolved from the Arabic al zahr, which means the dice. n
Western Europe the term came to be associated with a number of games
using dice, which were learned during the Crusades whilst in the Holy
Land. The term eventually took on the connotation of danger because,
from very early on, games using dice were associated with the risky
business of gambling and con artists using corrupted dice.
http://www.fun-with-words.com/etym example.htm
,-,iou .~.\\ ^2 ,.j.\\ jjjjJt" : ._iL& v^J\ ^\j Hazard 2-Kl ^jJ J^Vl jLJ j
[69]
^Jj jj-iii clli=>. ^ji Jjl^-a L$J "Hazard" 3-& ck& < Jf^ l t^Jc iLL j
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[70]
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[71]
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[72]
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[73]
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[74]
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[75]
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[76]
Conversion Tables
Length
English Metric
1 mile = 1.61 kilometers
1 foot = 30.5 centimeters
1 inch = 2.54 centimeters
0.621 mile = 1 kilometer
39.4 inches = 1 meter
Metric Conversions (length)
Unit
Number of meters
Kilometers
1,000
Meter
1
Centimeter
0.01
Millimeter
0.001
Micrometer (also micron) =
0.000001
[77]
Mass and Weight
English Metric
1 pound = 0.454 kilograms
1 ounce = 28.3 grams
2.20 pounds = 1 kilogram
0.0353 ounce = 1 gram
Metric Conversions (mass)
Unit Number of grams
Kilogram (kg) also called metric tonne = 1,000
Hectogram = 100
Dekagram = 10
Gram (g) = 1
Milligram (mg) = 0.001
Microgram (meg) = 0.000001
Nanogram = 0.000000001
Picogram (pg) = 0.000000000001
Expressing Concentrations
(weight/weight)
1 part per million = 1 milligram per kilogram
= 1 millogram per gram
1 part per billion = 1 microgram per kilogram
1 part per trillion = 1 nanogram per kilogram
[78]
Volume (Liquids)
English Metric
1 gallon =3.79 liters
1 quart = 0.946 liters
1.06 quarts =1 liter
0.264 gallons = 1 liter
Metric Conversions (volume)
Unit
Number of liters
Kiloliter
= 1,000
Hectoliter
= 100
Dekaliter
= 10
Liter
= 1
Deciliter
= 0.1
Centiliter
= 0.01
Milliliter
= 0.001
Cubic Centimeter
= 0.001
Microliter
= 0.000001
Expressing concentrations
(weight/volume)*
1 part per million = 1 milligram per liter*
= 1 microgram per milliliter*
[79]
1 part per billion = 1 microgram per liter*
1 part per trillion = 1 nanogram per liter*
ndicates approximate values
Volume (Gases)
English Metric
1 cubic foot = 0.0283 cubic meter
35.3 cubic feet = 1 cubic meter
[80]
jJL
irt/t\
. T > > > 5 jAlUl -4jj jxll 4illl VJ ; j. J*^l ,'?* M
Management Science .? ^jji j & o>>*W j j%- .iyuujii! j Ajjjia-iV 1
For Health. Boston USA 1998
m \SW OJJ^ J 4jMJ 2..UH _ Cijjjj - i J J AA\ j!j iflte^l j 4*11! ^i JaJ^l!
. Y > > > ill j jjj -jjjj^U! jsJJ jb ;^jjjJ j^xa ; jjj^J jjj j^li
- j-iiJl j 4iliiiJl SjUl - fjAl jj ' jtil jj. Jau .J ;Ajj hl\ .-.u tU.^.ti -^
. ^ H H AjJjxjji! Ajj j*J A^Lu! - AjjCsui^! Jjjlui (jj toj jtU^ AjuiU.
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t * * * Aj-alUll 4a*^1 a *fa' * - fa-ujjiill Ji j-Jil
SO (1986) "Quality - Vocabulary", SO 8402, nternational
Organization for Standardization, Geneva.
LAST, J.M. (ed.) (1988) "A Dictionary of Epidemiology", 2nd
edn., Oxford Medical Publications, Oxford University Press, New
York.
STEDMAN (1990) "Stedman's Medical Dictionary", 25th Edition,
Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, USA.
WHO (1989) "Glossary of Terms on Chemical Safety for Use in
PCS Publications", World Health Organization, Geneva
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