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on Dyes | Buyer's Guide to Dyes

Dyeing Process basically discusses what you do with the dyes. There are today available latest and state-
of-the-art dyeing methods that effectively colour the various substrates. This is a very critical operation
carried out in the dye houses in a series of steps. The pages here gives precious information regarding the
various dyeing processes in different industries.

Dyeing Process » Pigment Dyeing

Batch Dyeing Process Continuous Dyeing Process Semi-continuous Dyeing Process Pigment Dyeing Process

Pigment dyeing is a comparatively recent addition. In the process of pigment dyeing no actual chemical reaction takes place between the
dye and the fabric. Instead, what happens is that the pigments gets seated on the fabric with the help of binders. There is a challenge in
pigment dyeing. Pigments are not soluble in water and shows no affinity for fiber. So, conventional dyestuff-based dyeing conditions are not
feasible for pigment dyeing. To come to terms with such
limitations, a new kind of pigments have been formulated for
use in fibres. These are maintained in a stable dispersion in What is a Binder?
the medium of water by anionic surfactants. This type of Binder is the material that holds the pigment together and gives a finish
pigment is known as pigment resin color (PRC), primarily that sticks well to the surface.
used in printing. Some of the popular pigments used in
fabrics are given here.

• Yellow colour: Acetoacetic acid anilide pigments

• Red: Azoic pigments
• Blue or green: Phthalocyanine pigments

Difference between a dye and Pigment in context fibre dyeing is explained in the following section.

Pigments Dyes

Pigment coloring is done by dispersion of fine particles. These are in In contrast, dyestuffs tend to fix on fibre with individual molecule (in
sizes smaller than 1 micron. They contain around 108 mol of some cases, however with several molecules)
molecules per particle. They get attached to the fibres in this original
state.

Key features of a good pigment dyeing system

A good pigment dyeing system should ideally come with the follow innovative features.

• Doing without wet processing: results in Preventing water pollution along with high Productivity.
• Binder: For improving crock fastness
• No thermo-migration : This makes even dyeing on both the sides
• Excellent Fastness properties

A Conventional Pigment Dyeing system

A typical process of pigment dyeing for cellulosic textile materials consists of padding the textile materials with a Dye bath. The dye bath
contains anionic or neutral colour dispersions of pigments. Along with the pigments it also contains anionic binders, acid-liberating catalyst,
anti-migrating agents, and other types of additives. Then the textile materials are dried at high tempratures, this cures the film-forming
binders and pigment colours firmly on the textiles.

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