Muhammad Iqbal Fauzi

2211100021

MODEL ARSITEKTUR LAPISAN OSI





Muhammad Iqbal Fauzi
2211100021
Physical layer
Concern with the physical and electrical interfaces
between the user equipment and the network
terminating equipment
Provide the link layer with a means of transmitting
a serial bit stream between two equipments

Link layer
Develop a physical connection provided by the
particular network to provide network layer with a
reliable information transfer facility
Responsible for functions such as error detection
and retransmission messages (if there is a
transmission error)
Two types of services:
Connectionless, treats each information frame as a
self-contained entity that is transferred using a best-
try approach. If errors are detected in a frame, then
the frame is simply discarded
Connection oriented, try to provide an error-free
information transfer facility

Network layer
Responsible for establishing and clearing a network
wide connection between two transport layer protocol
entities
It includes functionality as network routing
(addressing) and, flow control across the computer-
to-network interface
In internetworking, it provides various harmonizing
functions between the inter-connected networks

Transport layer
Interface between the higher application-
oriented layers and the underlying network-
dependent protocol layers
Provide the session layer (one layer above)
with a message transfer facility that is
independent of the underlying network type;
therefore transport layer hides the detailed
operation of the underlying network from the
session layer
It offers a number of classes of service to
compensate for the varying quality of service
(QOS) provided by the network layers
associated with the different types of network
Five classes of services ranging from class 0
(provides only basic functions needed for
connection establishment and data transfer)
to class 4 (provides full error control and
flow control procedures

Session layer
Allows two application layer protocol entities to
organize and synchronize their dialog and manage
their data exchange
Responsible for setting up (& clearing) a
communication (dialog) channel between two
communicating application layer protocol entities
(presentation layer protocol entities in practice) for
the duration of the complete network transaction
A number of optional services provided:
Interaction management; data exchange associated
with a dialog may be duplex or half-duplex (where
each protocol here provides facilities for controlling
the exchange of data/dialog units in a synchronized
way)
Synchronization; for lengthy network transactions,
the user (through the services provided by the
session layer) may choose periodically to establish
synchronization points associated with the transfer.
If a fault develops during a transaction, the dialog
may be restarted at an earlier synchronization point
Exception reporting; non-recoverable exceptions
arising during a transaction can be signaled to the
application layer by the session layer

Presentation layer
Concerned with the representation (syntax) of data
during transfer between two communicating
application processes
example: a telephone conversation between a French-
and a Spanish-speaking person
Data security; encrypted/enciphered (using a key)
data sent is (hopefully) known only by the intended
recipient presentation layer, and later the key is used
to decrypts (deciphers) the received data before
passing it onto the intended recipient

Application layer
Provides the user interface (an application
program/process) a range of network wide distributed
information services
examples: file transfer access and management,
general document and message interchange services
(e-mail)
The layer provides other services as:
Identification of the intended communication
partner by name or by address
Determination of the current availability of an
intended communication partner
Establishment of authority to communicate
Agreement on privacy (encryption) mechanism
Authentication of an intended communication
partner
Selection of the dialog discipline, including the
initiation and release procedures
Agreement on responsibility for error recovery
Identification of constraints on data syntax
(character sets, data structures, etc.)