Prose is a form of language which applies ordinary grammatical structure and natural flow of

speech rather than rhythmic structure (as in traditional poetry). While there are critical
debates on the construction of prose, its simplicity and loosely defined structure has led to its
adoption for the majority of spoken dialogue, factual discourse as well as topical and fictional
writing. It is commonly used, for example,
in literature, newspapers, magazines, encyclopedias, broadcasting, film, history,philosophy, law
and many other forms of communication.
Novels, essays, short stories, and works of criticism are examples of prose. Other examples
include: comedy, drama, fable, fiction, folk
tale, hagiography, legend,literature, myth, narrative, saga, science fiction, story, theme, tragedy.
Prose lacks the more formal metrical structure of verse that is almost always found in
traditional poetry. Poems often involve a meter and/or rhyme scheme. Prose, instead,
comprises full, grammatical sentences, which then constitute paragraphs and overlook aesthetic
appeal. Some works of prose do contain traces of metrical structure or versification and a
conscious blend of the two literature formats is known as prose poetry. Similarly, any work of
verse with fewer rules and restrictions is known as free verse. Verse is considered to be more
systematic or formulaic, whereas prose is the most reflective of ordinary (often conversational)
speech. On this point Samuel Taylor Coleridge requested, jokingly, that novice poets should
know the "definitions of prose and poetry; that is, prose,words in their best order; poetry,the
best words in their best order." In Molire's play Le Bourgeois gentilhomme, Monsieur Jourdain
asked for something to be written in neither verse nor prose. A philosophy master replied that
"there is no other way to express oneself than with prose or verse," for the simple reason being
that "everything that is not prose is verse, and everything that is not verse is prose." "So,
concerning the mentioned definition, we can say that thinking is translating prosaic-
ideas without accessories since ideas (in brain) do not follow any metrical composition."
SOURCE: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prose
Poetry (from the Greek poiesis with a broad meaning of a "making", seen also in
such terms as "hemopoiesis"; more narrowly, the making of poetry) is a form of literary art which
uses aesthetic and rhythmic
[1][2][3]
qualities of languagesuch as phonaesthetics, sound
symbolism, and metreto evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of,
the prosaic ostensible meaning.
Poetry has a long history, dating back to the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh. Early poems evolved
from folk songs such as the Chinese Shijing, or from a need to retell oral epics, as with
the Sanskrit Vedas, Zoroastrian Gathas, and the Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey.
Ancient attempts to define poetry, such as Aristotle'sPoetics, focused on the uses
of speech in rhetoric, drama, song and comedy. Later attempts concentrated on features such
as repetition, verse form and rhyme, and emphasized the aesthetics which distinguish poetry
from more objectively-informative, prosaic forms of writing. From the mid-20th century, poetry
has sometimes been more generally regarded as a fundamental creative act employing
language.
Poetry uses forms and conventions to suggest differential interpretation to words, or to evoke
emotive responses. Devices such as assonance, alliteration,onomatopoeia and rhythm are
sometimes used to achieve musical or incantatory effects. The use
of ambiguity, symbolism, irony and other stylistic elements ofpoetic diction often leaves a poem
open to multiple interpretations. Similarly, metaphor, simile and metonymy

create a resonance
between otherwise disparate imagesa layering of meanings, forming connections previously
not perceived. Kindred forms of resonance may exist, between individual verses, in their
patterns of rhyme or rhythm.
Some poetry types are specific to particular cultures and genres and respond to characteristics
of the language in which the poet writes. Readers accustomed to identifying poetry
with Dante, Goethe, Mickiewicz and Rumi may think of it as written in lines based on rhyme and
regular meter; there are, however, traditions, such as Biblical poetry, that use other means to
create rhythm and euphony. Much modern poetry reflects a critique of poetic tradition, playing
with and testing, among other things, the principle of euphony itself, sometimes altogether
forgoing rhyme or set rhythm. In today's increasingly globalized world, poets often adapt forms,
styles and techniques from diverse cultures and languages.
SOURCE: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetry
The term grammar is often used by non-linguists with a very broad meaning. As Jeremy
Butterfield puts it: "Grammar is often a generic way of referring to any aspect of English that
people object to." However, linguists use it in a much more specific sense. Speakers of a
language have in their heads a set of rules for using that language. This is a grammar, and the
vast majority of the information in it is acquiredat least in the case of one's native language
not by conscious study or instruction, but by observing other speakers; much of this work is
done during infancy. Learning a language later in life usually involves a greater degree of
explicit instruction.
The term "grammar" can also be used to describe the rules that govern the linguistic behaviour
of a group of speakers. The term "English grammar", therefore, may have several meanings. It
may refer to the whole of English grammarthat is, to the grammars of all the speakers of the
languagein which case, the term encompasses a great deal of variation. Alternatively, it may
refer only to what is common to the grammars of all, or of the vast majority of English speakers
(such as subjectverbobject word order in simple declarative sentences). Or it may refer to the
rules of a particular, relatively well-defined variety of English (such as Standard English).
"An English grammar" is a specific description, study or analysis of such rules. A reference
book describing the grammar of a language is called a "reference grammar" or simply "a
grammar." A fully explicit grammar that exhaustively describes the grammatical constructions of
a language is called a descriptive grammar. This kind of linguistic description contrasts
with linguistic prescription, an attempt to discourage or suppress some grammatical
constructions, while promoting others. For example, preposition stranding occurs widely
in Germanic languages and has a long history in English. John Dryden, however, objected to it
(without explanation), leading other English speakers to avoid the construction and discourage
its use
SOURCE: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammar