Version 069 Exam 1 fakhreddine (51025) 1

This print-out should have 28 questions.

Multiple-choice questions may continue on
the next column or page nd all choices
before answering.
c = 3.00 x 10
8
m/s.
h = 6.63 x 10
34
J.s
001 10.0 points
Bohrs theory of the hydrogen atom assumed
that
1. the electron can exist in any one of a set
of discrete states (energy levels) and can move
from one to another by emitting or absorbing
radiation. correct
2. electromagnetic radiation is given o
when the electrons move in an orbit around
the nucleus.
3. because a hydrogen atom has only one
electron, the emission spectrum of hydrogen
should consist of only one line.
4. the electron in a hydrogen atom can jump
from one energy level to another without gain
or loss of energy.
5. energy, in the form of radiation, must
be continually supplied to keep the electron
moving in its orbit.
Explanation:
002 10.0 points
Which of the following is a permitted combi-
nation of quantum numbers?
1. (n, , m

, m
s
) = (0, 0, 0,
1
2
)
2. (n, , m

, m
s
) = (3, 1, 0,
1
2
) correct
3. (n, , m

, m
s
) = (3, 1, 2,
1
2
)
4. (n, , m

, m
s
) = (2, 1, 0,
1
2
)
5. (n, , m

, m
s
) = (6, 5, 5, 1)
Explanation:
For (n, , m

, m
s
) = (3, 1, 2,
1
2
)
m

= 2 is not allowed.
For (n, , m

, m
s
) = (0, 0, 0,
1
2
)
n = 0 is not allowed.
For (n, , m

, m
s
) = (6, 5, 5, 1)
m
s
= 1 is not allowed.
For (n, , m

, m
s
) = (2, 1, 0,
1
2
)
= 1 is not allowed.
003 10.0 points
What is velocity of an alpha parti-
cle, 6.64 10
27
kg, whose wavelength is
2.3 10
10
m?
1. 4.33866 m/s
2. 0.230486 m/s
3. 433.866 m/s correct
4. 0.00230486 m/s
Explanation:
=
h
p
=
h
m v
v =
h
m
=
6.626 10
34
kgm
2
s
(6.64 10
27
kg) (2.3 10
10
m)
= 433.866 m/s
004 10.0 points
A homogeneous substance may be checked for
purity by measuring its
1. melting point. correct
2. temperature.
3. heat content.
4. extensive properties.
Explanation:
Version 069 Exam 1 fakhreddine (51025) 2
Melting point is a colligative property that
indicates purity. Any impurities in a homoge-
nous mixture would lower its melting point.
005 10.0 points
What is the correct order of decreasing fre-
quency?
1. radio waves, infrared radiation, visible
light, ultraviolet radiation
2. radio waves, visible light, ultraviolet radi-
ation, infrared radiation
3. infrared radiation, radio waves, visible
light, ultraviolet radiation
4. ultraviolet radiation, visible light, in-
frared radiation, radio waves correct
5. visible light, ultraviolet radiation, in-
frared radiation, radio waves
Explanation:
ultraviolet radiation > visible light
> infrared radiation > radio waves
006 10.0 points
d orbitals are shaped like cloverleafs.
They can have a principal quantum number
of and they always have an angular
momentum quantum number of .
1. 3, 4, 5, ...; 2 correct
2. 2, 3, 4, ...; 2
3. 3, 4, 5, ...; 4
4. 3, 4, 5, ...; 3
5. 4, 5, 6, ...; 3
6. 2, 3, 4, ...; 1
7. 2, 3, 4, ...; 2 or 3
8. 2, 3, 4, ...; 4
Explanation:
d-orbitals do not exist below the third prin-
cipal energy level. Therefore n must be 3 or
greater. d-orbitals correspond to an angular
momentum quantum number = 2.
007 10.0 points
1 nm = 1 x 10
9
m.
The Bohr Equation for energy change =
-2.178 x 10
18
J(1/n
2
final 1/n
2
initial)
Starting in the ground state n = 1 in a
hydrogen atom, an electron is excited to a
higher energy level by absorption of 121.6 nm
light. What is the nal energy state of the
electron?
1. n = 3
2. n = 2 correct
3. n = 5
4. n = 4
5. n = 7
6. n = 6
Explanation:
121.6 nm is a frequency of 2.47 10
15
s
1
.
That corresponds to a transition from n =1
to n =2 using the Rydberg formula.
008 10.0 points
The three quantum numbers for an electron in
a hydrogen atom in a certain state are n = 4,
= 1, m

= 1. The electron is located in

what type of orbital?
1. 4d
2. 3d
3. 4p correct
4. 3p
5. 4s
Explanation:
Version 069 Exam 1 fakhreddine (51025) 3
The notation is n

, where
n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ..., = 0, 1, 2, ..., (n 1)
represented as a letter:
0 1 2 3 4 5 etc.
orbital s p d f g h
and m

= , ( 1), (
2), ..., 0, ..., +( 2), +( 1), .
The value of m

is not needed to determine

the orbital type, as long as it is valid.
009 10.0 points
The atomic weight of a newly discovered el-
ement is 10.600 amu. It has two naturally
occuring isotopes. One has a mass of 10.000
and a natural abundance of 70.000%. What
is the isotopic mass of the other isotope?
1. 9.5000
2. 10.500
3. 11.000
4. 11.500
5. 10.000
6. 10.600
7. 11.200
8. 9.0000
9. 12.000 correct
Explanation:
The atomic weight equals the sum of the
isotopic masses times their natural abun-
dance. We know one isotopes natural abun-
dance is 70%, so the other must make up 30%.
Let x equal the unknown mass.
(10.000)(0.70) + (x)(0.30) = 10.600
7.0000 + 0.30x = 10.600
0.30x = 3.6000
x = 12.000
010 10.0 points
1 pm = 10
12
m
Estimate the minimum uncertainty in the
position of an electron of mass 9.109
10
31
kg if the error in its speed is 310
5
m/s.
1. 1.93 10
12
m
2. 386 10
12
m
3. 386 pm
4. 193 pm correct
Explanation:
m = 9.109 10
31
kg v = 3 10
5
m/s
x =
h
2 mv
=
1.055 10
34
J s
2 (9.109 10
31
kg) (3 10
5
m/s)
= (1.93033 10
10
m)

10
12
pm
1 m

= 193.033 pm.
011 10.0 points
1 eV = 1.6022x10
19
J.
Mass of an electron is 9.11 x 10
31
Kg.
The work function for chrominum metal is
4.37 eV. What wavelength of radiation must
be used to eject electrons with a velocity of
3700 km/s?
1. 39.1513
2. 28.6611
3. 10.9169
4. 56.0442
5. 4.65786
6. 8.88003
7. 6.49958
8. 15.2719
9. 18.4714
10. 6.82483
Correct answer: 28.6611 nm.
Explanation:
v = 3700 km/s = 3.7 10
6
m/s
Version 069 Exam 1 fakhreddine (51025) 4
The wavelength of radiation needed will be
the sum of the energy of the work function
plus the kinetic energy of the ejected elctron.
E
work function
= (4.37 eV)
(1.6022 10
19
J/eV)
= 7.00161 10
19
J
E
kinetic
=
1
2
mv
2
=
1
2
(9.10939 10
31
kg)
(3.7 10
6
m/s)
2
= 6.23538 10
18
J
E
total
= E
work function
+ E
kinetic
= 7.00161 10
19
J
+ 6.23538 10
18
J
= 6.93554 10
18
J
Since c = , E = h =
hc

=
hc
E
=
6.626 10
34
m
2
kg/s
6.93554 10
18
J
3.0 10
8
m/s
= 2.86611 10
8
m
10
9
nm
1 m
= 28.6611 nm
012 10.0 points
THINK! No calculations needed!
Which of the following types of electromag-
netic radiation has the shortest wavelength?
1. 2.74 10
19
J
2. 3.05 10
19
J
3. 2.83 10
19
J
4. 3.57 10
19
J correct
5. 3.12 10
19
J
Explanation:
Higher energies correspond to shorter wave-
lengths, from the equation E =
hc

.
013 10.0 points
Quantum mechanics allowed the calculation
of
1. the distance between two nuclei in a
molecule.
2. the 3-dimensional area of highest prob-
ability of nding the electrons in an atom.
correct
3. the exact radius of the distance of each
electron from the nucleus as it orbits the nu-
cleus.
4. the approximate radius of the distance of
each electron from the nucleus as it orbits the
nucleus.
Explanation:
014 10.0 points
Consider a one-dimensional system of length
60 nm. If an electron in this box is in
the n = 3 state, at what positions along the
length of the box is the electron most likely
to be found?
1. 15 nm, 30 nm, 45 nm
2. 20 nm, 40 nm
3. 10 nm, 30 nm, 50 nm correct
4. 30 nm
5. 0 nm, 20 nm, 40 nm, 60 nm
Explanation:
For principle energy level 3, ||
2
for the
particle in a box will have 2 nodes (where the
probability is zero), and 3 maxima at
1
6
,
1
2
and
5
6
the length of the box.
Version 069 Exam 1 fakhreddine (51025) 5
0 nm 60 nm
015 10.0 points
Which is NOT true about light?
1. As the frequency of light increases, the
wavelength decreases.
2. It can behave like either particles or
waves.
3. The energy of a photon is directly propor-
tional to its wavelength. correct
4. X-rays and visible light both travel at the
same speed.
Explanation:
016 10.0 points
How many electrons can possess this set
of quantum numbers: principal quantum
number n = 4, magnetic quantum number
m

= 1?
1. 14
2. 6 correct
3. 18
4. 10
5. 2
6. 12
7. 0
8. 4
9. 16
10. 8
Explanation:
Use the rules for the quantum numbers:
If n = 4 then = 0, 1, 2, 3; however, for
m

= 1, = 1, 2, 3. Each of these permit-

ted sets of values of n, and m

species ONE
orbital:
n = 4, = 1, m

= 1: 4p
n = 4, = 2, m

= 1: 4d
n = 4, = 3, m

= 1: 4f
and each orbital can have m
s
=
1
2
; i.e., can
hold two electrons.
017 10.0 points
For the quantum number n = 3, the maxi-
mum value of the magnetic quantum number
m

would be
1. 1.
2. 3.
3. 4.
4. 2. correct
5. 3.
Explanation:
Where n = 3, the possible values of are
0, 1, and 2. Where = 2 we have the largest
range of m

values, namely, 2, 1, 0, 1, and

2.
018 10.0 points
A lawyer who received a speeding ticket ar-
gues that because of the Heisenberg Uncer-
tainty Principle the radar reading is uncer-
tain. The judge, who happens to have a sci-
ence degree, rules against the lawyer. Which
of the following statements is true?
1. The judge is correct because the car is so
massive that the uncertainty in speed is very
small. correct
2. The judge is correct because the uncer-
tainty in momentum is very large.
3. The judge is incorrect because the uncer-
tainty in position is large.
Version 069 Exam 1 fakhreddine (51025) 6
4. The judge is incorrect because
(mv)(x)
1
2
h.
5. The judge is incorrect because radar has
only wave characteristics.
Explanation:
Heisenbergs Uncertainty Principle says
(mv)(x)
h
2
1.05 10
34
J s
(J s kg m
2
s
1
)
Assuming an error in position of about 1 m
and a vehicle mass of about 1000 kg, then the
biggest error in velocity will be
v =
h
2 mx
=
1.05 10
34
kg m
2
/s
(1 m)(2000 kg)
= 5.25 10
38
m/s
019 10.0 points
Which of the following statements concerning
the Schrodinger equation and its solution for
the hydrogen atom is/are true?
I) The Schr odinger equation cannot pre-
dict exactly where in an atom an elec-
tron will be found.
II) The use of spherical coordinates sim-
plies the solution to the Schrodinger
equation for the hydrogen atom.
III) The solution to the Schrodinger equa-
tion for the hydrogen atom contains a
single potential energy term.
1. I and II
2. I and III
3. II only
4. I, II and III correct
5. II and III
6. I only
7. III only
Explanation:
Solutions to the Schrodinger equation are
wave functions, which when squared express
the probable location of electrons; but, the
exact location cannot be known. Attractive
potential energy terms are found in all solu-
tions for all atoms. Repulsive potential energy
terms are found only in atoms that have more
than one electron, i.e. everything beyond hy-
drogen. Spherical coordinates are preferred
for 3-D solutions because they simplify the
math.
020 10.0 points
Give the nuclide symbol for an atom that has
mass number 64 and 35 neutrons.
1.
99
64
Gd
2.
64
29
Cu correct
3.
35
64
Cu
4.
29
64
Gd
5.
64
35
Cu
6.
35
64
Gd
7.
64
35
Br
8.
35
29
Br
9.
99
35
Br
10.
29
64
Cu
Explanation:
The standard nuclide symbol takes the form
A
Z
E where E is the element symbol, A is the
mass number (number of protons plus the
number of neutrons) and Z is the atomic num-
ber (number of protons). If the mass number
is 64 and the number of neutrons equals 35,
then 64 35 = 29 is the number of protons
or the atomic number. Cu has an atomic
number of 29, so
64
29
Cu is the correct symbol.
Version 069 Exam 1 fakhreddine (51025) 7
021 10.0 points
How many electrons can occupy a subshell
with = 2?
1. 14
2. 6
3. 5
4. 10 correct
5. 7
Explanation:
There are 2 + 1 orbitals in a given sub-
shell, with 2 electrons in each orbital.
022 10.0 points
1 nm = 10
9
m
A particle of mass 2.510
15
kg is conned
in a 1-dimensional box 13 nm long. Calculate
the energy required for it to move from the
n = 4 to the n = 5 energy level.
1. 1.520 10
44
J
2. 1.299 10
37
J
3. 1.764 10
3
J
4. 1.169 10
36
J correct
Explanation:
n
1
= 4 n
2
= 5
h = 6.626 10
34
J s L = 13 10
9
m
m = 2.5 10
15
kg
E = E
n2
E
n1
=
(n
2
2
n
2
1
) h
2
8 mL
2
=
(5
2
4
2
) (6.626 10
34
J s)
2
8 (2.5 10
15
kg) (13 10
9
m)
2
= 1.16904 10
36
J
023 10.0 points
V represents the potential energy term.
Which of the following applications of the
Schrodinger equation includes a potential en-
ergy term with both attractive and repulsive
terms?
1. V (r) for the electron in the hydrogen
atom
2. None of these
3. V (x) for a particle in a box
4. V (r) for electrons in the helium atom
correct
5. V (x) for the standing wave of a plucked
guitar string
Explanation:
024 10.0 points
The photoelectric eect provided strong evi-
dence for
1. the particle nature of matter.
2. the particle nature of light. correct
3. the wave nature of matter.
4. quantization of energy.
5. the wave nature of light.
Explanation:
When electromagnetic radiation (light) of
sucient minimum energy strikes a metal
cathode, electrons are knocked o its sur-
face, travel to an anode, and form a current
through a circuit.
Two important observations were:
1) Electrons can be ejected only if the light
is suciently energetic. Electron ejection is
independent of time or intensity. The mini-
mum energy varies by element.
2) The current increases with increasing
intensity and is independent of color.
Therefore, light is made up of photons, each
having a particular amount of energy that can
be transferred to an electron during a colli-
Version 069 Exam 1 fakhreddine (51025) 8
sion. If the energy is equal to or greater than
the amount needed to liberate the electron, it
can escape to join the photoelectric current.
Intensity is the number of photons hitting
a surface per unit time.
025 10.0 points
A certain metal has a work function of 9
10
19
J. You shine light with a frequency of
110
15
Hz at this metal surface. What would
you expect to happen?
1. Electrons would be ejected from the metal
surface.
2. No electrons would be ejected from the
metal surface. correct
Explanation:
026 10.0 points
1 mile = 1.609 Km
An Olympic hurdler accelerates at a rate of
15.5 m/s
2
. What is the rate in miles/min
2
?
1. 0.581 miles/min
2
2. 1.49 miles/min
2
3. 34.7 miles/min
2
correct
4. 1.15 miles/min
2
5. 31.8 miles/min
2
6. 2.69 miles/min
2
7. 6.89 miles/min
2
Explanation:
Acceleration rate = 15.5 m/s
2
.
15.5
m
s
2

1 km
1000 m

1 mile
1.609 km

(60 s)
2
(1 min)
2
= 34.7
miles
min
2
027 10.0 points
What is the subshell notation and the num-
ber of electrons that can have the quantum
numbers n = 5, = 0?
1. 5 s; 1
2. 5 p; 4
3. 5 d; 2
4. None of these
5. 5 s; 2 correct
6. 5 p; 5
Explanation:
The notation is n

where
n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
= 0, 1, 2, , (n1) represented by a letter:
value 0 1 2 3 4 5
letter s p d f g h
m

= , ( 1), ( 2), , 0,
+( 2), +( 1), +
and m
s
=
1
2
.
To nd the number of orbitals that can have
the stated values of n and (and any allowed
values of m

and m
s
), use to nd the number
of dierent values of m

.
To nd the maximum number of electrons
that can have the stated values of n and
(and any allowed value of m

and m
s
), double
the number of dierent values of m

.
028 10.0 points
Which of the following is correct with respect
to the photoelectric eect?
1. The kinetic energy of the ejected electrons
increases with the intensity of the incident
radiation.
2. A plot of the kinetic energy of the ejected
electrons versus the frequency of the incident
radiation is linear. correct
3. A plot of the kinetic energy of the ejected
electrons versus the frequency of the incident
radiation has a slope that is equal to the value
of the work function.
Version 069 Exam 1 fakhreddine (51025) 9
4. All metals have the same work function.
Explanation:
The photoelectric eect is summarized by
KE = h , which ts the standard
equation for a line :
y = mx c ,
where is the work function of the metal,
and varies for dierent metals. The intensity
of the incident radiation does not show here
as it is just the number of photons hitting a
surface in a given time.