1

Lancaster Stud|o Voca||ses

MosL sung LexL ls ln Lhe lA
1oLal range llsLed: [hlgh volces, low volces}, wlLh lowesL noLe of flrsL phrase Lo hlghesL noLe of
lasL phrase on ascendlng exerclses, and hlghesL noLe of flrsL phrase Lo lowesL noLe of lasL
phrase on descendlng exerclses (e.g. [C-l, 8b-L})
1. 8reath Lnergy - L|p 1r|||s: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, [C-l, 8b-Lb}

2. 8reath Lnergy - ko||ed k's: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, [u]-shaped llps, [C-l, 8b-Lb}

3. kesonance]Art|cu|at|on: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, Lop-down," release corners of llps for
verLlcal" vowel space, show some Lop LeeLh, [C-l, 8b-Lb}

4. kesonance]Art|cu|at|on: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, Lop-down," release corners of llps for
verLlcal" vowel space, show some Lop LeeLh, [C-l, 8b-Lb}


3. keg|ster b|end|ng: uown by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, Lop-down," rounded llps, [C-C, l-l}

6. Vowe| Art|cu|at|on & Low kange Lxtens|on: uown by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, Lop-down," [l, e, a]
released llps, [o, u] rounded llps, Longue aL boLLom fronL LeeLh, mlnlmal [aw movemenL, [C-A, l-C}

7. kesonance]Art|cu|at|on: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, Lop-down," smlle on mlng," rounded llps
on no," !"#$ &'()*+ ,-.) (" /.0#'.! 1)0#'2#3"4/5., [C-l#, 8b-l}


Bbbb...
mp

Rrrr...
mf

[ge
mf (gentle)
de - ge de - ge de - ge de - ge de] -

[bi
mf (gentle)
di - bi di - bi di - bi di - bi di] -

[h!"
mf (gentle)
h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" o] -

[mi
mf (gentle)
me ma mo mu]
&
&
&
&
&
&

Bbbb...
mp

Rrrr...
mp

[ge
mf (gentle)
de - ge de - ge de - ge de - ge de] -

[bi
mf (gentle)
di - bi di - bi di - bi di - bi di] -

[h!"
mf (gentle)
h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" o] -

[mi
mf (gentle)
me ma mo mu]
&
&
&
&
&
&

Bbbb...
mp

Rrrr...
mp

[ge
mp
de - ge de - ge de - ge de - ge de] -

[vj!
mp
ni - vj! ni - vj! ni - vj! ni - vj! ni] -

[lu
mp
i - lu i - lu i - lu i - lu i] -
&
&
&
&
&

j




















[bi
mp
di - bi di - bi di - bi di - bi di] -

[h!"
mp
h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" o] -

[mi
mp
me ma mo mu]

[mi"
mp
mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" no
p
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]
&
&
&
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

j


b



j

2

[bi
mp
di - bi di - bi di - bi di - bi di] -

[h!"
mp
h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" o] -

[mi
mp
me ma mo mu]

[mi"
mp
mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" no
p
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]
&
&
&
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

j


b



j

2

[bi
mp
di - bi di - bi di - bi di - bi di] -

[h!"
mp
h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" o] -

[mi
mp
me ma mo mu]

[mi"
mp
mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" no
p
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]
&
&
&
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

j


b



j

2
[bi
mp
di - bi di - bi di - bi di - bi di] -

[h!"
mp
h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" o] -

[mi
mp
me ma mo mu]

[mi"
mp
mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" no
p
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]
&
&
&
&
.
.
.
. . . . . . .
.
.
.
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

j


b



j

2
2
8. Iema|e keg|ster 8|end|ng: up by x sLeps, open vowel sllghLly on hlgher noLes, [C-C, 8b-l}


9. Ma|e Ia|setto: Slng once Lhrough, Lop-down," drop [aw sllghLly on hlghesL noLes


10. Ma|e Ia|setto: (a) down by x sLeps [C-C}, Lhen (b) down by x sLeps [C-C}, caLch-breaLhs


11. Ma|e keg|ster 8|end|ng: Slng once Lhrough, slnglng Lop noLes ln falseLLo

12. n|gh]Iorward ro[ect|on: up by x sLeps, rounded llps, Lop-down" for hlgh volces, sLralghL ouL"
for low volces, modlfy vowels as necessary golng hlgh, [C-A, 8b-C}

13. 1ongue]Iaw ke|ease: up by x sLeps, hold [aw fully open wlLh hands and sLreLch Longue ln and ouL
of mouLh on each noLe, [C-C, 8b-l}


14. Legato Iu|| Vo|ce: up by x sLeps, 2155-breaLhs, no collapslng of breaLh on flrsL noLe, hlgh cheeks
wlLh round llps, Lop-down" for hlgh volces, sLralghL ouL" for low volces, [C-l, 8b-Lb}



[mi!
mf
mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! no
pp
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mf
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[zi
f
]
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

&
. . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . .
. . .
.
3
3
3
3 3 3 3
&

j


b



j

j

2

[mi!
mf (gentle)
mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! no
pp
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[zi
f
]
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

&
. . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . .
. . .
.
3
3
3
3 3 3 3
&

j


b



j

j

2

[mi!
mf (gentle)
mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! no
pp
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[zi
f
]
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

&
. . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . .
. . .
.
3
3
3
3
3 3 3
&

j


b



j

j

2

[mi!
mf
mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! no
pp
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mf
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[zi
f
]
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

&
. . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . .
. . .
.
3
3
3
3 3 3 3
&

j


b



j

j

2

[mi!
mf
mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! no
pp
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mf
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[zi
f
]
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

&
. . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . .
. . .
.
3
3
3
3 3 3 3
&

j


b



j

j

2

[
p
]

[!
f
a - - o - - o] - -

[o ! o ]

[a ! ]

[i i - i - a - a - a - a - o - o - o] -

[zi e a o u ]
&
&
&
3
3
&

&
.
.
.
. . . .
.
.
.
3
3
3
&

j
3

[
p
]

[h!
f
a - - o - - o] - -

[o
f
! o ]

[a
f
! ]

[i
f
i - i - a - a - a - a - o - o - o] -

[zi
f (gentle)
e a o u ]
&
&
&
3
3
&

&
.
.
.
. . . .
.
.
.
3
3
3
&

j
3
3
13. kange Lxtens|on: up by x sLeps, modlfy vowels as necessary golng hlgh, [C-C, 8b-l}

16. Ma|e kange Lxtens|on: up by x sLeps, modlfy vowels as necessary golng hlgh, [A-8b, C-Ab}

17. Iema|e kange Lxtens|on: up by x sLeps, modlfy vowels as necessary golng hlgh, [C-A, 8b-C}

18. 1enor kange Lxtens|on: up by x sLeps, modlfy vowels as necessary golng hlgh, [C-C}

19. Low Vo|ce Co|oratura Lxerc|se: up by x sLeps, modlfy vowels as necessary golng hlgh, [8b-Lb}


20. n|gh Vo|ce Co|oratura Lxerc|se: up by x sLeps, modlfy vowels as necessary golng hlgh, [C-l}


21. Iema|e Co|oratura & kange Lxtens|on: up by x sLeps, modlfy vowels as necessary golng hlgh, full-
breaLhs, shorLen Lo flrsL 2 measures ln hlghesL range, [C-C+, 8b-8b+}





[
p
]

[h!
f
a - - o - - o] - -

[o
f
! o ]

[a
f
! ]

[i
f
i - i - a - a - a - a - o - o - o] -

[zi
f (gentle)
e a o u ]
&
&
&
3
3
&

&
.
.
.
. . . .
.
.
.
3
3
3
&

j
3

[
p
]

[h!
f
a - - o - - o] - -

[o
f
! o ]

[a
f
! ]

[i
f
i - i - a - a - a - a - o - o - o] -

[zi
f (gentle)
e a o u ]
&
&
&
3
3
&

&
.
.
.
. . . .
.
.
.
3
3
3
&

j
3

[zi
f
i - i - a - a - a - a - o - o - o] -

[zi
mf
e a o u ]

[zi
mf
e o ! o ]

[zi
mf
e o ! o ! o ]

A
f
ve - Ma ri - a, - Gra ti - a - ple na! -

[o
f
a - o - a - o - a - o - ] -
&
.
.
.
. . . .
.
.
.
3
3
3
&
&
&
&
&

4
mmm...
mp

[wi
f
a ! a ]

[wi
f
]

[zi
mf
]

[zi
f
o ]
&
&
&
&
.
.
.
&

6

[zi
f
i - i - a - a - a - a - o - o - o] -

[zi
mf
e a o u ]

[zi
mf
e o ! o ]

[zi
mf
e o ! o ! o ]

A
f
ve - Ma ri - a, - Gra ti - a - ple na! -

[o
f
a - o - a - o - a - o - ] -
&
.
.
.
. . . .
.
.
.
3
3
3
&
&
&
&
&

4

[zi
f
i - i - a - a - a - a - o - o - o] -

[zi
mf
e a o u ]

[zi
mf
e o ! o ]

[zi
mf
e o ! o ! o ]

A
f
ve - Ma ri - a, - Gra ti - a - ple na! -

[o
f
a - o - a - o - a - o - ] -
&
.
.
.
. . . .
.
.
.
3
3
3
&
&
&
&
&

4

[zi
f
i - i - a - a - a - a - o - o - o] -

[zi
mf
e a o u ]

[zi
mf
e o ! o ]

[zi
mf
e o ! o ! o ]

A
f
ve - Ma ri - a, - Gra ti - a - ple na! -

[o
f
a - o - a - o - a - o - ] -
&
.
.
.
. . . .
.
.
.
3
3
3
&
&
&
&
&

4
4
Add|t|ona| 1echn|ca| Voca||ses
22. 8eg|nner kange Lxtens|on: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, modlfy vowels as necessary golng hlgh,
[C-C, 8b-l}

23. 8eg|nner Co|oratura: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, modlfy vowels as necessary golng hlgh, [C-C,
8b-l}

24. 1enor keg|ster 8|end|ng: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, drop [aw for hlgher noLes, [C-C}

23. Legato L|ne: up by x sLeps, full-breaLhs, [C-u, 8b-C}

26. Intonat|on Lxerc|se: up by x sLeps, full-breaLhs, [C-u, 8b-C}

27. Me||smat|c I|ex|b|||ty: up by x sLeps, full-breaLhs, followlng four exerclses should be done one
afLer Lhe oLher, you may also use alLernaLlng [l] and [!], pro[ecL upward, Loward palaLe, [C-C, 8b-l}



mmm...
mp

[wi
f
a ! a ]

[wi
f
]

[zi
mf
]

[zi
f
o ]
&
&
&
&
.
.
.
&

6

mmm...
mp

[wi
f
a ! a ]

[wi
f
]

[zi
mf
]

[zi
f
o ]
&
&
&
&
.
.
.
&

6

mmm...
mp

[wi
f
a ! a ]

[wi
f
]

[zi
mf
]

[zi
f
o ]
&
&
&
&
.
.
.
&

6

[i
f (gentle)
e o ! o ]

i
f (gentle)
e o ! o ! o

A
f
ve - Ma ri - a, - Gra ti - a - ple na! -

[o
f
a - o - a - o - a - o - ] -

[a
f (gentle)
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
f (gentle)
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -
&
&
&
&
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3
3
3
3
3 3 3

4

[i
f (gentle)
e o ! o ]

i
f (gentle)
e o ! o ! o

A
f
ve - Ma ri - a, - Gra ti - a - ple na! -

[o
f
a - o - a - o - a - o - ] -

[a
f (gentle)
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
f (gentle)
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -
&
&
&
&
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3
3
3
3
3 3 3

4

[a
mf
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
mf
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -

[a
mf
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
mf
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -

[a
mf
o - - - u - - - - - - ]

[iuie-iuia-iuio-iuiu]
pp
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3
3
3
3
3 3 3
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
&

w
5

[a
mf
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
mf
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -

[a
mf
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
mf
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -

[a
mf
o - - - u - - - - - - ]

[iuie-iuia-iuio-iuiu]
pp
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3
3
3
3
3 3 3
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
&

w
5
3



28. n|gh Vo|ce Me||smat|c I|ex|b|||ty: up by x sLeps, full breaLhs, modlfy vowels as necessary golng
hlgh, pro[ecL upward, Loward palaLe, [C-8b}







L|ght Warm-up
use Lhls warm-up when you are slck, vocally faLlgued, or are already preLLy warm" because of
much slnglng several days ln a row.
1. 8reath Lnergy - L|p 1r|||s: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, [C-l, 8b-Lb}

2. 8reath Lnergy - ko||ed k's: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, [u]-shaped llps, [C-l, 8b-Lb}

P3. kesonance]Art|cu|at|on: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, Lop-down," release corners of llps for
verLlcal" vowel space, show some Lop LeeLh, [C-l, 8b-Lb}


[a
mf
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
mf
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -

[a
mf
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
mf
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -

[a
mf
o - - - u - - - - - - ]

[iuie-iuia-iuio-iuiu]
pp
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3
3
3
3
3 3 3
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
&

w
5

[a
mf
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
mf
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -

[a
mf
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
mf
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -

[a
mf
o - - - u - - - - - - ]

[iuie-iuia-iuio-iuiu]
pp
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3
3
3
3
3 3 3
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
&

w
5

[a
mf
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
mf
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -

[a
mf
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
mf
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -

[a
mf
o - - - u - - - - - - ]

[iuie-iuia-iuio-iuiu]
pp
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3
3
3
3
3 3 3
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
&

w
5

Bbbb...
mp

Rrrr...
mf

[ge
mf (gentle)
de - ge de - ge de - ge de - ge de] -

[bi
mf (gentle)
di - bi di - bi di - bi di - bi di] -

[h!"
mf (gentle)
h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" o] -

[mi
mf (gentle)
me ma mo mu]
&
&
&
&
&
&

Bbbb...
mp

Rrrr...
mp

[ge
mf (gentle)
de - ge de - ge de - ge de - ge de] -

[bi
mf (gentle)
di - bi di - bi di - bi di - bi di] -

[h!"
mf (gentle)
h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" o] -

[mi
mf (gentle)
me ma mo mu]
&
&
&
&
&
&

Bbbb...
mp

Rrrr...
mp

[ge
mp
de - ge de - ge de - ge de - ge de] -

[vj!
mp
ni - vj! ni - vj! ni - vj! ni - vj! ni] -

[lu
mp
i - lu i - lu i - lu i - lu i] -
&
&
&
&
&

j



















6


P4. kesonance]Art|cu|at|on: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, Lop-down," release corners of llps for
verLlcal" vowel space, [C-l, 8b-Lb}

3. kesonance]Art|cu|at|on: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, Lop-down," release corners of llps for
verLlcal" vowel space, show some Lop LeeLh, [C-l, 8b-Lb}

4. kesonance]Art|cu|at|on: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, Lop-down," release corners of llps for
verLlcal" vowel space, show some Lop LeeLh, [C-l, 8b-Lb}


3. keg|ster b|end|ng: uown by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, Lop-down," rounded llps, [C-C, l-l}

P6. keg|ster 8|end|ng: up by x sLeps, smlle on boLLom noLe, drop [aw (wlLh llps LogeLher) on Lop noLe,
and chew" (move [aw around) on descendlng noLes, go as hlgh as you comforLably can, [C-?, 8b-?}

7. kesonance]Art|cu|at|on: up by x sLeps, caLch-breaLhs, Lop-down," smlle on mlng," rounded llps
on no," !"#$ &'()*+ ,-.) (" /.0#'.! 1)0#'2#3"4/5., [C-l#, 8b-l}


8. Iema|e keg|ster 8|end|ng: up by x sLeps, open vowel sllghLly on hlgher noLes, [C-C, 8b-l}




Bbbb...
mp

Rrrr...
mp

[ge
mp
de - ge de - ge de - ge de - ge de] -

[vj!
mp
ni - vj! ni - vj! ni - vj! ni - vj! ni] -

[lu
mp
i - lu i - lu i - lu i - lu i] -
&
&
&
&
&

j




















Bbbb...
mp

Rrrr...
mp

[ge
mp
de - ge de - ge de - ge de - ge de] -

[vj!
mp
ni - vj! ni - vj! ni - vj! ni - vj! ni] -

[lu
mp
i - lu i - lu i - lu i - lu i] -
&
&
&
&
&

j




















[bi
mp
di - bi di - bi di - bi di - bi di] -

[h!"
mp
h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" o] -

[mi
mp
me ma mo mu]

[mi"
mp
mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" no
p
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]
&
&
&
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

j


b



j

2

[bi
mp
di - bi di - bi di - bi di - bi di] -

[h!"
mp
h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" o] -

[mi
mp
me ma mo mu]

[mi"
mp
mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" no
p
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]
&
&
&
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

j


b



j

2

[wi
f
a ! a ]

[wi
f
]

[zi
mf
]

[zi
f
o ]

mmmm...
mp
&
&
&
.
.
.
&
&

6

[bi
mp
di - bi di - bi di - bi di - bi di] -

[h!"
mp
h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" h!" o] -

[mi
mp
me ma mo mu]

[mi"
mp
mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" mi" no
p
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]
&
&
&
&
.
.
.
. . . . . . .
.
.
.
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

j


b



j

2

[mi!
mf
mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! no
pp
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mf
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[zi
f
]
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

&
. . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . .
. . .
.
3
3
3
3 3 3 3
&

j


b



j

j

2
7


9. Ma|e Ia|setto: Slng once Lhrough, Lop-down," drop [aw sllghLly on hlghesL noLes


10. Ma|e Ia|setto: (a) down by x sLeps [C-C}, Lhen (b) down by x sLeps [C-C}, caLch-breaLhs

11. Ma|e keg|ster 8|end|ng: Slng once Lhrough, slnglng Lop noLe ln falseLLo

P12. Vowe| Art|cu|at|on]kesonance: uown by x sLeps, slng as sofLly and as far forward as posslble,
wlLh loose llps and very llLLle [aw movemenL as vowels, [C-C, Lhen up ocLave C-C, l-8b, Lhen up ocLave
8b-l}.


12. n|gh]Iorward ro[ect|on: up by x sLeps, rounded llps, Lop-down" for hlgh volces, sLralghL ouL"
for low volces, modlfy vowels as necessary golng hlgh, as full volce as posslble, [C-A, 8b-C},


[mi!
mf (gentle)
mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! no
pp
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[zi
f
]
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

&
. . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . .
. . .
.
3
3
3
3 3 3 3
&

j


b



j

j

2

[mi!
mf (gentle)
mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! no
pp
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[zi
f
]
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

&
. . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . .
. . .
.
3
3
3
3
3 3 3
&

j


b



j

j

2

[mi!
mf
mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! no
pp
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mf
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[zi
f
]
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

&
. . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . .
. . .
.
3
3
3
3 3 3 3
&

j


b



j

j

2

[a
mf
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
mf
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -

[a
mf
o - a - o - a - o - a - o] -

[o
mf
a - o - a - o - a - o - a] -

[a
mf
o - - - u - - - - - - ]

[iuie-iuia-iuio-iuiu]
pp
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3
3
3
3
3 3 3
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
&
&

w
5

[mi!
mf
mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! mi! no
pp
no no no no no no no no no no no no]

[hu
mf
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[hu hu ]

[hu
mp
hu ]

[hu
mp
u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u - u] -

[zi
f
]
&
&
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. .
. .
.
&
A)
B)
&

&
. . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . .
. . .
.
3
3
3
3 3 3 3
&

j


b



j

j

2