CSA srl, after several years of conducting studies and research, pleasantly introduces the

new Fox series air valves. The project, begun with our Mod. MAX and continued with Mod.
GOLIA that will be described below, is based on a new single chamber kinetic air valve
concept with simple or overlapped floats that can be assembled in different ways to lead to
different outflows.
Multifunction automatic air release valve
for aqueduct - Mod. FOX (patented)
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Construction and advantages
- Body in GS 400-12 provided with internal ribs obtained from molding to guide a middle
mobile block class PN40 at total passage up to DN 125;
- Mobile flanges PN 10/16/25/40 .
- Mobile block group formed by:
- A full polypropylene cylindrical float for the 2 functions version.
- A full polypropylene cylindrical float (A) and upper disk (B) assembled by nozzle and gasket
holder (C) for the 3 function version (see drawing);
- A system made up of a PP disk with a guiding bar and a spring to obtain the anti-shock
version of both previous versions
- Total passing main orifice sealing seat (D) up to DN 125
- Cap in GS400.
- Draining tap for chamber control and draining.
- Maintenance can be easily performed from the top without removing the valve from the
pipe.
A
B
C
D
- Full polypropylene cylindrical floats to avoid deforming phenomena at high pressure and lathe shaped
to guarantee:
a) a greater sliding precision inside the body processed ribs;
b) a perfectly vertical thrust;
c) avoid ball float venturi effect and dynamic closure during air inflow or outflow phase.
3) Air Inflow
- During pipeline draining or bursting phases it is necessary to
bring in as much air as the quantity of out-flowing water to avoid
vacuum conditions.
The mobile group lays at the bottom of the air valve when there
is no water, allowing large air quantity intake from the main
orifice.
1) Air Outflow.
- During pipeline filling , it is necessary to release as much air as
water flows in. The mobile group is laid on the aerodynamic diffuser
at the bottom of the body and the air, passing through the ribbed
circular crown, flows out from the main hole at atmospheric
pressure.(*)
When the water enters into the air valve the float, a particularly
processed full polypropylene cylinder with a threaded gasket holder,
raises and pushes the upper disk upwards against the main hole
sealing seat closing it perfectly.
The same thrust causes the small nozzle orifice (threaded on the
upper disk) to close when reaching the gasket.
2) Air release.
During operation, air pocket is accumulated in the upper part of
the air valve, little by little it is compressed and its pressure arrives
to water pressure, its volume increases pushing water downwards.
Following Archimedes principle, the float (A) cannot be sustained
by water thrust, it will fall down to free nozzle hole (C) helping the
out-flow of air pocket, while the upper disk (B) will remain crushed
closing the main hole against the seat (D) due to internal pressure.
When air flows out, water level increases moving the float upwards
and closes the air release nozzle.
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(*) Proceed carefully during filling final phase, slowing operations as much as possible because sudden speed stop of fluid coming to the
air release valve causes considerable over-pressures that may cause serious conduit damage if ignored.
3 function analysis
with the aid of a simple graph:
Construction
The automatism is made up of a disk (with 2 small orifices) with a guide bar threaded at the
centre and a stainless steel calling spring that lays on the seat middle nozzle.
Such simple construction guarantees satisfactory operation and it may equip 2 and 3 function
air release valves creating new products.
Operation
During vacuum condition, the mobile block is laid over the aerodynamic diffuser, the anti-
shock disk descends pulling the stainless steel spring and it allows a large volume of air to
return from the main orifice to compensate from the vacuum effect.
When lower pressure condition ends, the stainless steel spring pulls the anti-shock disk to
close the main orifice. Internal air must flow out now from both small disk orifices creating
a counter-pressure inside the conduct, that will slow down water speed avoiding such
phenomenon.
Applications
Deep pits
In a deep pit, the vertical tube that connects conduct and pump is normally full of air. When
the pump switches on, the water pushes air out from the air valve at extremely high speed
and creat es a sudden val ve cl osure and a dest ruct i ve wat er hammer.
The use of a CSA air release valve Mod. Anti-shock, solves the problem by slowing down
the speed at which water arrives.
Column separation
Column separation is determined by fluid parameter variations that cause the pressure to
decrease, reaching the vacuum condition, with a subsequent subsequent formation of air
pockets and two wave fronts that travel independently.
When such cavity closes due to the arrival of fluid columns, an over-pressure stroke arises;
it is directly proportional to column speed, and it may be destructive.
Also in this case, CSA air valve Mod. Anti-shock can be positioned in a critical point resulting
in the best solution for such a problem. This equipment will avoid vacuum conditions allowing
the entrance of the air volume and controlling air out-flow to lower the sudden impact.
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Anti- water hammer feature
We will illustrate the 3 function anti-shock with the aid
of a simple graph.
1) Air inflow
During vacuum condition, due to the causes explained above,
the mobile group lays on the air release valve aerodynamic
diffuser. The anti-shock disk is lowered overcoming spring
contrast and allowing large air quantity entrance from the main
orifice, passing from the circular crown created by body ribs.
2) Controlled air outflow
When the vacuum condition phase is over, anti-shock disk is
taken back by the spring to the original position and it closes the
main orifice while the mobile group remains laid on the diffuser.
Air found on the conduct and on air valve is slowly released from
the small orifices located on the disk. Slowing down the air outflow
creates a counter-pressure inside the pipe that reduces the
velocity of the incoming fluid (avoiding water hammer caused by
sudden valve closure ).
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3) Air release.
Air valve behaves as a simple 3 function air valve, the only difference
is represented by the anti-shock disk that interposes between the
main hole disk and seat.
When water arrives, the mobile group lifts and compresses the
anti-shock disk lowering the gasket and closing the main orifice.
Under pressure, air pocket accumulation keeps the upper sealing
disk in the closed position crushed against the anti-shock disk, and
it lowers the float underneath letting the nozzle orifice free releasing
air until the water closes it through the ascending level.
In the 2 function version the air valve
guarantees large air inflow and outflow
quantities during pipeline filling and draining
phases.
As previously explained, 2 function and 2 function anti-shock models, represented below,
are available.
Body, Cap and Flange
GS 400-12 Internally and externally painted
with epoxy powder
Upper disk polypropylene
Nozzle brass
Float polypropylene
Nuts and Bolts galvanized steel or stainless
steel
Gaskets NBR
Control tap brass
D C
A
B
Construc characteristics
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A C D
Flanged 80
Flanged 65
142
174 290
255 185
200 12,4 =
=
Threaded 2" CH 75 142 245 = 6,4
= Flanged 50
142 255 165 8,3
Flanged 200
Flanged 150
267
326 480
414 285
340 55,6 =
=
Flanged 100 = 217 337
220
19
= Flanged 125
267 337 250
B
8,5
37
40
In the 2 function anti-shock version the
air valve guarantees the entrance of large
air quantity during pipe bursting or draining
phases and controlled air outflow speed.
CONSTRUCTION
Weight
Kg
Technical characteristics
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Q (nl/s)
10
5
12 0 4 8 16 20 24
20
25
30
DN 200
15
150
100
28
50
350
300
450
400
200
250
Q (scf/min)
35
40
P(bar)
DN 2"-50-65
10
DN 80
20
DN 125-150
40
DN 100
30 50
500
600
550
P(psi)
60
O 1,2 / O 1,5 / O 2 /
O 2,4 /
O 3 /
Flow rates are indicated in nl/sec of nozzles
regarding different DN according to pressure.
For higher flow rates, please contact us.
Air release valve DN choice for pipe filling at 1 mt/sec speed.
FOX 2-50-65 for pipes from DN 50 to DN 250
FOX 80 for pipes from DN 250 to DN 450
FOX 100 for pipes from DN 450 to DN 550
FOX 125-150 for pipes from DN 550 to DN 700
FOX 200 for pipes from DN 700 to DN 1000
Hydraulic characteristics
Characteristic curve of intaking and discharging flow rate through the main orifice.
Working conditions
Drinking water 70 max
Maximum operating pressure 40 bar
Minimum operating pressure 0.3 bar
1,3 1,25
DN 2" - 50 - 65
DN 125 -150
A
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I
N
F
L
O
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R
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F
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P
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D
R
A
I
N
I
N
G
DN 125 -150
DN 2" - 50 - 65
DN 100
DN 80
DN 200
1,15
400
PRESSURE IN BAR
1,05 0,7 0,75 0,8 0,85 0,95 0,9 1
200
0
1,1
800
600
1000
2000
DN 100
DN 80
3000
1,2
4000
DN 200
5000
A
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F
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P
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f
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g
m3/h m3/h
400
200
0
800
600
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000