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….………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
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[1 mark]
(c) What is the purpose of measuring of the diameter of the glass rod at several different places ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(d) Why is the micrometer screw gauge more sensitive device compared to the vernier callipers ?
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. [1 mark]
Diagram 2
……………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………….
[ 2 marks ]
ii. Why must the skydiver open up his arms and legs wide when falling freely as shown in Diagram 2..
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.
[1 mark ]
iii. After a while, the parachute opens and the skydiver keep falling until he reaches a constant
velocity.
Draw a velocity –time graph to show the motion of the skydiver.
[ 2 marks]
Question 3 [ Light ]
Diagram 3.1 shows an object O placed in front of a concave lens.
______________________________________________________________________
O
2F F F 2F
DIAGRAM 3.1
(a) (i) Draw ray diagram to show the formation of image in Diagram 3.1.
[2 marks]
(ii) State two characteristics of the image formed.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(b) The concave lens is then replaced with a convex mirror.
______________________________________________________________________
O
C F F C
Diagram 3.2
(ii) State a similar characteristic of the images in Diagrams 3.1 and 3.2.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]
Question 4 [Radioactivity]
A radioactive source emits a beta particle and a detector is used to detect the juice level in a juice box. The juice
box is moved between the detector and a radioactive source in Diagram 4.
Diagram 4
a. What is beta particle?
…………………………………………………………………………………..………………………….
[1 mark]
b. Name the suitable detector used to detect the beta particle.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
c. Explain how a radioactive detector can be used to detect whether the drink box is fully filled with juice
or not?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]
d. Give one reason for each question below:
i Alpha particle source cannot be used to detect the juice level in the juice box.
………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………
[1 mark]
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]
Diagram 5.1
The graph in Diagram 5.2 shows the motion of the feather and the water droplet from time t = 0.
DIAGRAM 5.2
a) Name one force acting on the feather and the water droplet.
………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
b) Using Diagram 5.1, compare the surface area of the feather and the water droplet.
………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
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[ 3 marks ]
d) Using your answer in (b) and (c), state the relationship between the surface area and the final velocity.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark]
Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 show two types of cargo ship sailing on the ocean. Cargo ship B is fully loaded
with goods.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1mark ]
b) Compare the volume of water displaced by ship A and ship B
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark]
c) Relate the mass of ship with its load and the volume of water displaced by the ship.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark]
d) i) Name two forces which act on the cargo ships when they are floating on the water surface.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark]
ii) State the relationship between two forces as mentioned in (d).(i)
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[ 1 mark ]
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[ 1 mark ]
f) What happens to the cargo ship when it enters the river mouth? Give a reason for your answer.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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[2 marks ]
Question 7 [ Waves]
Diagram 7.1 shows the pattern of the water wave after went through a gap. The experiment was repeated with
the difference water wavelengths which went through the same gap, and the resulted pattern is as shown in
diagram 7.2.
a. Define wavelength
..............................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
b. Based on diagram 7.1 and 7.2, state two observations on water wavelengths
…………….………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[ 2 marks ]
c. Compare the water wave pattern in diagrams 6.1 and 6.2 which formed after the wave went through
gap
...................................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark]
d. Based on your answers in ( b) and (c), state one relationship between the wavelengths and the wave
pattern formed.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
e. Name the wave phenomena which occurs in diagrams 6.1 and 6.2
…...............................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
The experiment is repeated by using a blue filter and the fringes formed are shown in diagram 8.3
Diagram 7.1
Double slit
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………
[1 mark]
b. Using the pattern of fringes in diagrams 8.2 and 8.3, state two observations about the distances between
consecutive fringes for the red light and blue light
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[2 marks]
...................................................................................................................................................................
[1mark]
d. Compare the wavelengths of red light and blue light with the distances between consecutive fringes in (b)
……..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]
e Name the wave phenomenon which forms the pattern of fringes in diagrams 8.2and 8.3
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
A1
Switch S1
M1 V1
V3 A2 A3
M2 M3
V2
Switch S2
Diagram 9.1
(a) Based on diagram 9.1, compare the readings of ammeter A1 and ammeter A3 , when the switch S1 is
on and switch S2 is off.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
. [1 mark]
(b) When switch S1 and switch S2 are on ,
......................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Compare the readings of voltmeter V1 and voltmeter V2
......................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Write down the equation to relate the readings of voltmeter V1 , V2 and V3 .
.
…………. ……......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iv) Write down the equation to relate the readings of ammeter A1, A2 and A3
. ............................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) (i) By referring to (a) state the type of circuit connection for the bulb if only bulbs M1 and M3
light up.
....................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(i) Is the circuit connection above suitable to be used in a domestic wiring system? Give a
reason for your answer.
........................................................................................................................................................
SECTION 3
Question 10 [ Electronics]
Figure 10.1 shows a circuit with transistor which is used as an amplifier.
speaker
R1
capacitor
Y 6V
R2=1000 Ω
microphone
Z
DIAGRAM 10.1.1
………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(ii) What is the function of the capacitor?
……….……………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(ii) What is the maximum value for resistor R1 for the transistor to function?
[3 marks]
A
X
B
DIAGRAM 10.2
Input A
0
Input B
0
Output X
0
DIAGRAM 10.3
…..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark ]
(ii) Draw the output signal X for logic gate on Diagram 10.3.
[2 mark ]
Diagram 11.1
(a) (i) Name the principle of physics used in the hydraulic pump above.
…………………………………………………..………….............................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) State one important characteristic of oil used in the pump.
………………..……………………………………………………………………………..................
[1 mark]
(b) The pressure of compressed air at the oil surface is 5000 N m-2 and the cross-sectional area of
the piston is 2 m2 .
………………………………………………………..……………………………………..................
[1 mark]
(ii) Calculate the mass of maximum load that can be lifted by the piston.
[3 marks]
(iii)What happened to the position of the piston if the car is replaced with a lorry of bigger mass. ?
………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
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[2 marks]
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[1 mark]]
Question 12 [Electronics]
(a) Complete the truth table for logic gates P, Q, R and S.
(i)
Input Output
A
A B X
P X
0 0
B 0 1
1 0
1 1
(ii) [1 mark ]
Input Output
A A B X
Q X 0 0
B 0 1
1 0
1 1
(iii) [ 1 mark]
A Input Output
R X A B X
B 0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
(iv)
[ 1 mark ]
A Input Output
S X A B X
B 0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
[ 1 mark ]
K
S S M
L
Diagram 12.1
Combination of two logic gates above will produce single logic gate N.
(i) Complete the truth table in table 12.2 for the combination of logic gates in diagram 12.1.
K L M
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
Table 12.2
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) Name logic gate N.
..............................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) Draw the combination of two logic gates Q to produce a logic gate OR.
[ 1 mark ]
(d) Arrange the logic gates P, Q and R inside the box provided in diagram 12.3 so that the output
produce is the same as the output in the truth table in 12.4
A
Q
B Input Output
A B X
P X 0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
R
1 1 1
Table 12.4
Diagram 12.3
[ 3 marks ]
Diagram 13.1
(a) (i) Why is the objective lens with bigger diameter used for the telescope ?
……………………………………………………………………………………...
[ 1 mark ]
(b) Ali discovered that the astronomical telescope as above, was not suitable to observe the distant
object on the earth. He changed the position of the objective lens and eyepiece. He also added two
similar optical components , D to obtain a better image.
Diagram 13.2 shows a structure of optical device which was modified by Ali.
Objective lens
eyepiece
Diagram 13.2
………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………..
………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 2 marks ]
(ii) Name the additional optical component ,D , that can be used to overcome the problem in (b)(i).
……..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) Draw both additional optical components , D , inside the boxes provided in Figure 13.2.
[ 2 marks ]
(iii) Complete the light ray that passes through the objective lens until it gets into the observer’s eyes
[ 1 mark ]
(iv) State the light phenomenon that occurs in the additional optical component.
...................................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
Question 14 [ Forces and Motion]
Diagram 14.1 shows the condition of two identical steel springs, before and after a load is placed on them.
DIAGRAM 14.1
(a) (i) Name the form of energy stored in the spring when it is compressed.
…………………………….………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(ii) Calculate the spring constant.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………..
[1 mark]
(iii) Calculate the energy stored in the spring when it is compressed as in Diagram 14.1 (b).
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
(b) Figure 14.2 shows the arrangement of springs in the weighing scale.
DIAGRAM 14.2
(i) State the relationship between compression of the spring and the load..
………………………………………………………..........................………………………………..
[1 mark]
(iii) What will happen to the spring when a very heavy load is placed on the weighing
scale.?
………………………………………………………….………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(iv) Suggest two modifications to the weighing scale so that it can be used to
weigh a heavier load.
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[2 marks]
1. Diagram 1 shows a suction pump being used to lift a mirror that measured 1.5 m X 0.5 m X 0.01m .
The density of the mirror is 2.5 X 10 3 kg m-3 .
The pump obeys atmospheric pressure principle to let the suction pump stick onto surface of mirror.
Diagram 1
(a) What is meant by atmospheric pressure?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]
(b) Explain how the suction pump can lift the mirror with the aid of atmospheric pressure.
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[ 4 marks]
(c) The weight of the mirror that can be lifted by the pump depends on pump’s surface area and the
difference between the pressure in the semi vacuum space and the surrounding atmospheric
pressure.
Three suction pumps have different surface area and different atmospheric pressure as shown in
table1.
suction pump Surface area / m2 Difference in atmospheric pressure / Nm-2
S
0.0025 4.0 x 10 4
M
0.0040 4.5 x 10 4
T
0.0035 6.0 x 10 4
TABLE 1
[3 marks]
(ii) Calculate the weight of mirror above.
[2 marks]
d) By using the answer in the c(i) and c(ii) , suggest the most suitable sticker pump to lift the mirror
above.Give a reason for your answer.
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[2 marks]
2. Diagram 2 shows three beakers P,Q and R , each containing 800 g of water being heated with
immersion heater. The power of each immersion heater is 220W. The initial temperature of the
water in each beaker is 30 °C and the immersion heaters are switched on for 5 minutes.
Diagram 2
(a) State the change of energy when the immersion heater is switched on.
.............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Calculate the energy supplied to the immersion heater when it is switched on.
[2 marks]
[3 marks]
(d) (i) Based on (b) and (c), which beaker has the highest efficiency to heat the
water?
.................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Give a reason for your answer.
...................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(e) Suggest two steps that can be taken to improve the efficiency of heating the water.
…………....................................................................................................................................
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[2 marks]
(f) After the water in beaker Q reach the maximum temperature 46° C, it was poured into a
polysterene container which contain 0.2 kg of water at 28 °C.
Calculate the final temperature of the water in the container.
[2 marks]
3. (a) Diagram 3 (a) and Diagram 3 (b) shows the arrangement of apparatus and material for two
experiments.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(ii) Why are the deflections of the galvanometer in Diagram 3 (a) and Diagram 3 (b) different?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]
(iii) For the experiment in Diagram 3 (b), if the bulb lights up normally, calculate the current that
flows in the primary coil. [ consider that the transformer is ideal ]
[2 marks]
(b) A student wants to build an electromagnet to separate materials that are made of iron from a heap of
wasted iron.
Table below shows the characteristic of the material provided in the lab.
A Soft Iron
B steel
C steel
D Soft iron
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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[3 marks]
(ii) Sketch how the wire is wound around the selected core in (b) (i). Then label the poles of the
electromagnet when the current flows through the wire.
[2 marks]
(iii) State two ways how the student can produce a more powerful electromagnet.
…………………………………………………………………………………………......................
...............................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
4. Diagram 4 shows three transformers X, Y and Z. Each transformer has their own specific number of
turns of primary and secondary coils respectively. Each transformer is connected to 240V alternating
current supplier. The output for each transformer is connected to electric filament bulbs in different
arrangement.
(a) All the transformers are the same and produce the same output voltage.
Calculate output voltage for the transformers.
[2 marks]
(b) When the switch is on, 0.25 A current flows through the primary coil in each transformer. All
the bulb lights up normally.
[2 marks]
(ii) Determine the output power for each transformer.
[3 marks ]
(iii) Between X, Y and Z transformer, which one has the highest efficiency?
.................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
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.................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) (i) If l the transformers are ideal, what is the output power ?
[1 mark]
......................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) State one step to overcome the problem in (c) (ii) above.
……………………………………………………………………………………….……………………..
[1 mark]
5. (a) Diagram 5.1 shows a graph of the number of neutron and proton in the stable nucleus.
Number of nutron
Number of proton
DIAGRAM 5.1
..............................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) On the graph in Diagram 5.1 , mark ‘X’ to show the position of phosporus-32.
[1 mark]
(iii) According to graph in Diagram 5.1 , explain why phosporus-32 is radioactive?
...........................................................................................................
.............................
[1 mark]
(b) P and Q are 2 elements whose half life is 12 hours and 2.6 years respectively. Both elements
undergo radioactive decay and emitted ray to become stable .
(i) State the change to proton number and nucleon number of element P after emittting
ray.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
.................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) A factory produces aluminium plate 1 mm thick. The thickness of aluminium plate can be
detected by a detector which is connected to radioactive counter equipment as shown in
Diagram 5.2. Radioactive source emitting ray is used.
Diagram 5.2
(i) Explain why radioactive source that emitted ray and ray are not suitable?
........................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(ii) Between element P and element Q, which the more suitable element to be used as radioactive
source in radioactive counter above. Give a reason for your answer.
.........................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
6.
Ballast tank
Diagram 6
Diagram 6 shows the internal structure of a submarine and the position of ballast tanks.
Explain how a submarine that floats on the sea surface can sink underwater.
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[3 marks]
7. Diagram 7 shows a seaside during the day.
Land
Sea
Diagram 7
Using the specific heat capacity concept, explain why sea breeze occurs during day time.
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[ 4 marks]
Power station
Industry at
8 Va.c
House at 6 V a.c
Diagram 8
Most of the electric energy that we are using come from hydroelectric and thermal power station. This
power station is connected to each other using cable to transmit electric energy to industries, office,
school and house. This system called National grid network.
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[ 5 marks]
Upwards
Diagram 9
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[4 marks]
10. Diagram 10 shows a Cathode-Ray Oscilloscope.
Diagram 10
Explain how the Cathode-Ray Oscilloscope can be used to measure the potential difference of a dry
cell.
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[ 4 marks ]
Ground Ground
[4 marks]
Question 2 Light
Diagram 2.1 and 2.2 shows the virtual image fomed by a plane mirror and convex mirror.
Diagram 2.1 Image formed by plane mirror. Diagram 2.2 Image formed by convex mirror
Diagram 3.1 and Diagram 3.2 show wire coils connected to the ammeters, switches and d.c. power supply.
When the switch is on and iron filings of the same amount is spread on each of the cardboard surface, the
pattern of the iron filings is formed as shown in the diagrams.
(a) What is meant by magnetic field?
[1 mark]
(b) Using Diagram 3.1 and Diagram 3.2 , compare the number of turn of the coils, the pattern of the iron
filings and the angle of deflection of the ammeter indicator.
[3 marks]
(c) State the relationship between the strength of the magnetic field and
(i) the pattern of iron filings,
(ii) the number of turn of the coils.
[2 marks]
Question 4 ELECTRONICS
Diagram 4.1 and 4.2 show a bulb is connected to a diode and a dry cell.
(i) Observe Diagram 4.1 and 4.2 .Compare the brightness between two bulbs .Relate the brightness of
the bulbs in diagram 4.1 and diagram 4. 2 to deduce the relationship between dry cell poles
connection and current flows through the diode .
[ 6 marks]
The production of nuclear energy and volume detection are the two examples of application of radioactive
substances in industry .
Table 5.1 shows reaction equation and total mass of atom between before and after nuclear fission process.
Nuclear Fission
Before Reaction After Reaction
239 1
141 97 1
Pu + n Ba + Sr + 2 n + energy
Persamaan
94 0
56 38 0
Total mass of
240.06082 a.m.u 239.85830 a.m.u
atom
TABLE 5.1
Table 5.2 shows reaction equation and total mass of atom before and after nuclear fusion process
Nuclear Fusion
Before reaction After reaction
2 3 4 1
Equation H + H He + n + energy
1 1 2 0
TABLE 5.2
Graph F against x of
F (N) spring P and spring Q
8 P
7
6
5 Q
4
3
2
1
The graph shows the relationship between the stretching force, F and the spring extension, x.
(a) Calculate the spring constant of P and Q. [3 marks]
(b) Using the graph, calculate the elastic potential energy stored in spring P when its extension is 0.5 cm .
[2marks]
A copper block with mass of 200 g is placed in boiled water. After the thermal equilibrium achieved, the block is
taken out and put it back in 100 cm 3 water at 28˚ C.
[ specific heat capacity of copper = 379 J kg -1 C-1 , specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg -1 C-1 , water
density = 1 g cm -3 ]
i) What is the initial temperature of copper block before we put it in 100 cm 3 water at 28˚ C?
[1 mark]
ii) What is the mass of the 100 cm 3 of water?
[2 marks]
iii) What is the final temperature of the water?
[2 marks]
Question 9
The mass of the load is 0.8 kg and is lifted to a height 1.5 m in 4.0 second. The reading of the ammeter
and voltmeter are 1.2 A and 5.0 V respectively.
Calculate
Bell
DIAGRAM 10
Resistor T is a thermistor. G will switch on and ring the bell if the potential difference Y and Z exceed 3.2 V.
S is a fixed resistor with resistance of 6 kΩ. When there is a fire burning, resistance at T is 3.5 kΩ. . Calculate
the potential difference :
(i) across T
[2 marks]
(ii) across S
[2 marks]
(iii) Is the bell ringing at that time?
Explain your answer.
[2 mark]
1. [Heat]
DIAGRAM 1
Diagram 1 shows a model of an incubator used to hatch eggs. The temperature in the incubator must
be maintained around 39oC. Every part of the eggs must receive uniform heat. The eggs are hatched in
about 20 days.
Using an appropriate concept in physics, explain the modification required to the above incubator so as
to efficiently hatch about 200 eggs.
[10 marks]
Water
Air Alcohol
Alkohol
Sand
Explain how you would design a hydrometer that can determine a wide range of densities of liquid,
using the idea of the working principle of a hydrometer shown above.
Draw a diagram that shows the design of your hydrometer and in your explanation, emphasise the
following aspects :
Bay
DIAGRAM 3
To prevent similar damage in the future, the fishermen suggest building retaining walls and relocating
the jetty.
Make further suggestions of ways to help the fishermen solve their problems.
You should use your knowledge of reflection, refraction and diffraction of waves to explain these
suggestion, to include the following aspects :
Diagram shows the electromagnetic Lifting Machine using the principle of eletromagnetic. Using
suitable physics concept, explain the modification that must be made to increase the lifting ability of the
machine.
[10 marks]
5 [Electronics]
Transistors is an important device in electronics. Transistors can be use as a current controller or automatic
switching. Diagram 5 shows a circuit with a transistor as a current controller.
DIAGRAM 5
An engineer want to invent an automatic switching circuit to control an air conditioner. This air
conditioner will swith on during hot wheater and switch off during cold wheater.
Explain how you can built the circuit using your knowledge about transistors;
(i) Explain the operation of the circuit and how the circuit work during the hot weather
(ii) Explain how the circuit work during cold weather
(iii) Draw the circuit diagram .
[10 marks ]
DIAGRAM 6
Table 6 shows characteristic for four type liquid that using as brake liquid above.
Low
A 357 140 13600
Low
B 130 2500 800
Average
C 100 4200 1000
High
D 55 2200 790
TABLE 6
Based on Table 6 above, describe the characteristics of liquid appropriation so that the liquid used as
liquid in the apparatus above. Next select which liquid more appropriate used for this purpose. Give
your reason.
[10marks]
Explain the suitability of each features described in Table 7 and then determine the most suitable pressure
cooker to be used.
Give a reason for your choice. [10 marks]
DIAGRAM 8
You are asked to determine the resistance of a constantan wire. Study the circuits, P, Q, R and S in
Diagram 8 and consider the following aspects:
Explain the suitability of the above aspects and hence, choose the most suitable circuit to
determine the resistance of the eureka wire.
Justify your choice. [10 marks]
9. The sound of a music note from a guitar depends on the strings of the guitar. Each string has its
own natural frequency.
TABLE 9
Table 9 shows the characteristic of strings P, Q, R and S. Explain the suitability of the characteristics of
strings to be used in a guitar that can produce high pitch sound and will not break easily when it is
strummed.
Determine the most suitable string to be used and justify your choice.
[10 marks]
DIAGRAM 10
Table 10 below shows characteristics of material that can be used to make immerson heater .
Matertial
P 3500 5500 2.0 x 10-7 Average
Q 5000 6550 4.0 x 10-7 Low
R 2500 7500 3.0 x 10-7 Low
S 7000 8050 7.0 x 10-7 Average
T 7900 9000 8.0 x 10-7 Low
TABLE 10
You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the materials above. Explain the suitability of
each characteristic in table 10 and then determine the most suitable material to make immersion
heater.
[10 marks]
1. (a) -0.03 mm
(b) 3.83 mm – (-0.03 mm) = 3.86 mm
(c) increase accuracy / to get more accurate reading
(d) can detect a small change of reading
[4 marks]
O I
C F I C
1
4. a. Beta particle is fast moving electron. [1 mark]
b. Geiger Muller Tube [1 mark]
c. The reading of the detector is high when the drinkbox not full. [1 mark]
The reading will be low (minimun limit) when the level of juice on the real level. [1 mark]
d. i. Penetrating power of alpha emission is weak than other. So it can’t penetrate the paper
box (drinkbox) and can’t detect the full level of drinkbox [1 mark]
ii. The gamma ray has most penetrating power and high frequency and high energy. So it
is very dangerous to our health. [1 mark]
5. (a) Gravitational force / (buoyancy forces / up thrust / frictions / air resistant / drags/ weight [1 mark]
(b) (Surface area) feather > (Surface area) water droplet /more surface area for feather // other wise
[1 mark]
(c) Similarities: Decreasing in velocity/ deceleration / initial acceleration constant / increasing in
velocity
: Final velocity /terminal velocity / final velocity constant / final acceleration zero / no
change in velocity at the end.
Different: Velocity (terminal) water droplet > velocity (terminal) feather [2 marks ]
(d) Velocity (terminal) increase when the decrease of surface area / Velocity (terminal) inversely
proportional with the surface area. [1 mark]
7 (a) Length between the two crest / trough / consicutive wave front [1 mark]
(b) The water wavelength remains constant after went through the gap.
The wavelength in 6.3 is greater than 6.2 [2 marks]
(c) Curvature of the wave pattern in fig. 6.3 is more greater / Diffraction of waves is more in 6.3
[1 mark]
(d) The greater the wavelength, the wave pattern more spread or curve after went through gap.
[1 mark]
(e) Diffraction [1 mark]
8 (a) Light has one wavelength only / Frequency or light have one colour/ one basic colour. [1 mark]
(b) Similarity : The distance between consecutive blue/red fringes are equal.
Differences : The distance of consecutive red fringe > The distance of consecutive blue fringe
[2 marks]
(c) Red wavelength >blue / red> blue / red > blue
[1 mark]
(d) The greater the wavelength the greater the distance of consecutive fringe// The wavelength is
directly proportional to the distance / x /
[1 mark]
(e) Interference / Diffraction
[1 mark]
2
9 (a) same
[1 mark]
(b) (i) M1 brighter than ebih cerah
[1 mark]
(ii) V1 is bigger than V2
[1 mark]
(iii) V3 = V1 +V2
(iv)A1 = A2 + A3
[1 mark]
(c) (i) Series circuit
[1 mark]
(ii)Not suitable
If one bulb blown up ( does not light up) all the bulb will not funtion [2 marks]
SECTION 3
R1 x 6 = 5
R1 + 1000
R1 = 5000 Ω
[3 marks]
(ii)
[2 marks]
3
12. (a) (i) 0111 [1 mark]
(ii) 1000 [1 mark]
(iii) 0001 [1 mark]
(iv) 1110 [1 mark]
(b) (i) 0001 [1 mark]
(ii) DAN [1 mark]
(c)
Q Q [1 mark]
(d)
Q [3 marks]
P
13 (a) (i)To focus more light ,so that image are brighter [1 mark]
(ii)
f 0= ½ m / 0.5 m / 50 cm
or
f 0= 1/20 m / 0.05 m / 5 cm
Length = ( 50 + 5 ) = 55 cm [2 marks]
4
14. (a) (i) Elastic potential energy [1 mark]
F 3.6
(ii) k , k
x 4
k = 0.9 N cm -1 [2 marks]
(iii) E = ½ Fx
= ½ x 3.6 x 4/100
= 0.072 J [2 marks]
5
(iv) x
0 .9
l = 12 – 5.56 = 6.44 cm [2 marks]
(b) (i) The compession of the spring is directly proportional to the load [1 marks]
(ii) Exceed the elastic limit of the spring/ Spring does not return to its original condition
after the applied force has been removed. [1 mark]
(iii) Connect the spring in parallel
Use spring with larger spring constant.
Use spring with smaller diameter.
[2 marks]
SECTION 4
1. (a) Atmospheric pressure is the weight of air acts on a surface. It caused by air molecule
collision on the surface..
[1mark]
(b) Air pressure in the sticker decrease.
Have the different between pressure in the pump and the air pressure surrounding.
The force is produce
Force > mirror weight
[4 marks]
( c) (i) ( Use F = PA )
Force is produced by pump S = 4.0 x 104 x 0.0025 = 100 N
Force is produced by pump M = 4.5 x 104 x 0.0040 = 180 N
Force is produced by pump T = 6.0 x 104 x 0.0035 = 210 N
[3 marks]
(ii) mirror weight = ρVg
= 2.5 x 10 3 x 1.5 x 0.5 x 0.01 x10
= 187.5 N
[2 marks]
(iii) Pump T is choosed because force is produced bigger than mirror weight.
[2 marks]
5
(c ) Beaker P, Heat = mcӨ
= 0.8 x 4200 (38 – 30)
= 26880 J
Beaker Q, Heat = 0.8 x 4200 x (46 – 30)
= 53760 J
Beaker R , Heat = 0.8 x 4200 x (40 – 30)
= 33600 J [3 marks]
(e) Immerse the immersion heater fully in the water // wrap the beaker//
// cover th beaker // use beaker of higher specific heat capacity [2 marks]
(iii) VpIp = 36
36
Ip =
240
= 0.15 A
[2 marks]
(b) (i) D
U shape can produce surface / lower part that consist of two polars: ’North and
South’.
Electromagnetic strength is higher.
Iron core is easy to magnetised and demagnetised.
. [3 marks]
(ii) U shape core is wound with the number of turns of wire and the direction of current
flow to produce both poles North and South at the end.
North and South pole are labelled correctly follow the turns and direction of the
current flow without consider the shape.
[2 marks]
6
(iii) Increasing the number of turns.
Increase the magnitude of current flow inside the solenoid. [2 marks]
1200
4. (a) V = 240
800
= 160V [2 mark]
(ii) X Transformer = 36 W
Y Transformer = 48 W
Z Transformer = 54 W [3 marks]
(iii) Z transformer [1 mark]
(ii) Resistance of coil wire / Heat produced / Flux leaking / Eddy current produced /
Lost of energy in term of magnetised and demagnetised [1 mark]
(iii) Use the low resistance wire / design the efficient core shape / Use laminated iron
core/ Use soft iron core [1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii) Phosphorus -32 situated outside the graph that shown the stabile atomic
nucleus.
[1 mark]
7
(b) (i) The atomic nomber element P incease 1. [1 mark]
Nucleon no. Does’t change [1 mark]
(ii) Element P activity change ¼ from origin activity. [1 mark]
The activity of Element Q activity does’t change [1 mark]
(iii) The mass of element P decrease to half from original mass. [1mark ]
(c) (i) Penetration power ray is weak and can’t penetrate aluminium plate. [1mark ]
Penetration power ray is too high and effect our health. [1 mark ]
(ii) P element [1 mark ]
Half life not too long. [1 mark]
SECTION 5
6.
The submarine has a ballast tank in front and at the end of submarine.
A water is filled in the ballast tank to increase the density of the submarine // the weight of
submarine.
The submarine will sank in the sea when it weight is bigger than buoyant force.
[3 marks]
7.
The specific heat capacity land less than sea water. 1
During the day time, the land is warmer than the sea. 1
Air above the land is hot and less dense, so it will move up. 1
The cooler air from sea more dense move to land. 1
9.
A magnetic field is produced when current flow through a wire. 1
This cause the interaction between a current-carrying conductor 1
and the magnetic field. 1
A catapult field is produced and cause the wire to move. 1
10.
Connect the dry cell terminal to the Y-input of CRO. 1
The Y-gain is set to a value so that the direct current wave form displayed on
the screen CRO. 1
Determine the distance / part of y-axis. 1
Potential different = ( Y-gain scale) x (Vertical distance of direct current wave) 1
8
SECTION 6 .
Question 1
Question 2.
(i) A virtual image is an image that cannot be formed on a screen
(ii) 1. Both images are upright
2. Image of the convex mirror is smaller
3. Light from an object is reflected by the mirror
4. angle of incidence = angle of reflection
5. Physics concept – Reflection of light.
Question 3.
(a) magnetic field region
(b) 1. The number of turns of the coil in diagram 3.2 is more // vice versa
2. The arrangement pattern of the iron filings in diagram 3.1 is further apart.
3. The angle of deflection of diagram 3.2 is more.
(c ) 1. The closer the pattern of iron filing the greater the strength of magnetic field.
2. The strength of magnetic field increases as the number of turns increases// vice bersa.
Question 4
1 The light bulb in diagram 4.2 does not light up while the light bulb in diagram 4.1 light up
2. In diagram 4.2 the negative terminal cell is connected to the anode.
3. This increase the junction resistance in diagram 4.2
4. The current cannot flow through the junction.
5. The diode in diagram 4.2 is reversed bias.
6. Concept – Diode allows current to flwow in one direction.
Question 5.
(i) Nuclear fission is the splitting of a heavy nucleus into two lighter nuclei,which subsequently emit either
two or three neutrons and release of large amounts of energy.
// the high number mass/ high nucleon number to small nucleus.
(ii). Difference:
State that nuclear fission involves the fission of heavy nucleus.
State that nuclear fusion involves the combination of lighter nuclei
Similarities:
State that decrease/loss of mass after the process occurs.
State that the neutrons are produced.
State that nucleon number/ mass number/ atomic number before and after are the same
E = mc2 // loss of mass/ mass defect directly proportional to the energy released .
9
SECTION 7
Question 6.
(i) Distance = 20 x 5
= 100 m
(ii) 500 N
(iii) a = F / m = -500
800
= -25 ms-2
Question 7
Question 10
(i) Potential difference across P = 3500 x 6 = 2.2 V
(3500 + 6000)
10 marks
10
2.
Scale
Lead shot
Bulb
CHARACTERISTIC EXPLANATION
hydrometer diagram
placed lead shot / steel ball into glass bulb. to keep the hydrometer upright.
used smaller diameter of the tube / long stem to increase the scale range of measurement
used the bigger bulb. to increase the buoyant force or to increase the
volume of liquid displaced
Calibration :
3. Suggestions Explanations
Design a inclined concrete barrier wave is refracted with velocity/ magnitude
/decreasing wavelength
Design a curve barrier Can be absorb waves/decreasing reflection
Jetty is build at bay Water at the bay is stiller
Built diffraction barrier (aperture/slit very small) To diffract the wave / diffracted
for ship passage
Barrier is built from a strong material/concrete Not easily corrosive/broken// can prevent a strong
/hard wave
Design the higher barrier water cannot over flow
10 marks
11
4.
Characteristics Explanations
The number of turn in the solenoid. Attaching a steel plate to the ends of a U-shaped iron core
A U-shaped iron core is used forms a closed iron loop. The magnetic1 field lines in an “
iron circuit” increases the strength of0 the electromagnet.
m
a
r
k
s
Increasing the number of turn in the Increasing the number of turn so Increases the magnetic
solenoid increases field and effects of the windings of the solenoid.
Increasing the current magnitude Increasing the current will increase the strength of the
magnet
The type of core should be laminated Soft iron is used because it is easily magnetized and
soft iron. increasing the magnetic field in the coil
Increasing of the thickness of the wire. The greater the thickness of the wire, the greater the
strength of the magnetic field of the electromagnet.
5. (a) (i) – During hot weather, resistance at termistor decrease ,potential difference across
- Potential difference across R will increase
- This will produce bigger base –current , and will increase the collector current
- Finally, electric relay will switch on the air conditioner.
4 marks
(ii) - During cold weather , resistance at termistor increase.
- Potential difference across thermistor will increase.
- Potential difference across R will decrease.
- This will produce smaller base-current and no current flow in collector circuit. Finally, electric
relay will swith off the air conditioner.
4 marks
Thermistor 2 marks
SECTION 9
6.
12
the handle hands
S is chosen Reasons: It has safety valve, high thickness, low specific heat
capacity of the pot, high specific heat capacity of the handle.
7.
Characteristics Explanation Reason
8.
Characteristics Explanation Reason
Hydrometer K is chosen Reasons: stem thin and long, diameter air bulb big, bulb contained
lead shot and stem glass walled
9.
Characteristic Suitable property Reason
Q is chosen Reason: Small diameter, high tension, high strength and its made of
steel.
10.
13
Characteristics Explanation Reason
Substance R is chosen Reason: Low density, Freezing point average, resistivity low and
rate of corrosion low
14