Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
System
Chapter 10.2
Ms. Ho
Functions of the Digestive
System
Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Excretion
Q: Are you a
Super-taster?
Other Oral Cavity structures
Uvula: flap of tissue covering nasal cavity
when swallowing food
Tonsils: lymphoid tissue on either side of
uvula in back of throat that produces
antibodies
Hard Palate: roof of mouth, hard ridges
Soft Palate: further back in mouth ending
in the uvula
Pharynx
Common passageway for
food, liquids, and air
Pharynx muscles assist in
swallowing of bolus
Region connecting oral
cavity & pharynx is the
“Oropharynx”
Epiglottis: flap of tissue
that covers over opening
of trachea (glottis)
prevents food from
entering airway
Swallowing
Food
Trachea moves up
against epiglottis to
close the opening
& prevent food from
entering the trachea
Mucin is secreted
by back of throat &
esophagus wall
Structure of the Esophagus
Muscular, flexible
tube, ~25cm long
3 layers:
Mucosa (inner): lining
covered in mucus
Submucosa (middle):
nerves, blood & lymph
vessels
Muscularis (outer):
circular & longitudinal
muscle
Function of the Esophagus
To conduct food from the pharynx to the stomach
Cross-sectional
View
Peristalsis
A series of
wave-like
contractions
that propels
food along the
digestive tract
Q: What is it
called when
food moves
upwards?
Structure of the Stomach
J-shaped muscular sac, stretches with food
3 layers of muscles: Longitudinal (outside), Circular
(middle) & Oblique (inner folds)
Inner lining is folded into accordion-like ridges called
“rugae” inc SA
Ridges contain gastric glands that produce gastric
juice (enzymes, mucus, HCl) for chemical digestion
Cardiac sphincter: ring of muscle controlling
entrance into stomach
Pyloric sphincter: ring of muscle controlling exit out
of stomach
Stomach
Q: How many litres
of food can the
stomach hold when
fully expanded?