1

SIGNAL AND ACCEPTANCE EFFICIENCIES OF MONOJET PLUS MISSING

TRANSVERSE ENERGY EVENTS AT THE LHC AT
= 7 TeV USING THE CMS DETECTOR

Anna Marie Benzon,

Phy11L/A2

ampbenzon@mapua.edu.ph


Abstract

This study determines the viability of observing supersymmetry (SUSY) at the LHC
using the current CMS analysis on monojet with missing transverse energy (MET) final states.
The SUSY signal and acceptance efficiencies are obtained using CMS software
(CMSSW) for 1000 generated events whose final state consists of monojet with MET at the
LHC in pp collisions having a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. These are done on two scenarios:
1) for generic all SUSY processes; and 2) specifically, for bino-dominated lightest
supersymmetric particle (LSP) qg

0
1
process assuming minimal supersymmetric model
(MSSM), R-parity conservation, and light mSUGRA benchmark scenario to produce the mass
spectrum of SUSY particles. The latter process has a total signal cross section of = 88.8 fb as
produced by Pythia. CMS current [3] monojet selection cuts are applied to discriminate
backgrounds and to extract the good events. In both cases where the events yield are 0.2% and
0% using the current CMS cutflow at the end of the analysis, we concluded that it is better not to
apply a cut anymore on the lepton. Hence, the acceptance efficiencies for all SUSY processes
and bino-dominated LSP are 2.7% and 28.6%, respectively. Furthermore, another four new sets
of 500 events are produced and compared with the original 1000 events for both scenarios to
yield the uncertainty in the data. For both cases, signal and acceptance efficiencies have 2-3%
highest and 0% lowest standard deviation from the average efficiencies. These results are
important for event selections and reconstructions in probing new Physics at the LHC such as the
supersymmetry.

Key Words: Monojet, Missing transverse energy, Supersymmetry, Large Hadron Collider, CMS
detector


Introduction

The Standard Model (SM) is a successful proven theory that is tested up to the TeV-scale,
which governs the electromagnetic, weak, and strong nuclear interactions. However, many
inconsistencies on the theoretical framework of the SM that make us believe SM is not a
complete theory. One of the several anomalies is the so called hierarchy problem. The hierarchy
problem aims to solve the large ratio of M
P
/M
EW,
where electroweak scale

10
3
GeV
and the Planck scale

1
2
~10
18
GeV. This is one of the prime motivations of
Supersymmetry (SUSY) - to construct an extension theory to the SM (although historically this
was not the case as several SUSY proposals were originally started with SUSY algebra and

2


SUSY field theories but it was later found that it had a strong valid arguments to provide a
solution to the hierarchy problem poses by SM).
This paper explores the phenomenological search for SUSY that can be observed at the
Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Signals of monojet final state with missing transverse energy as a
signature of SUSY are analysed for all SUSY processes and the bino-dominated scenario
denoted as qg

0
1
. In our specific SUSY process, it assumes minimal supersymmetric
standard model (MSSM) and R-parity conservation, via the process qg

0
1
[1].

1. The minimal supersymmetric model

If superpartners have the same mass as with their SM particle partners, they could have
been detected long time ago but nature seems do not agree to this conjecture. Thus, SUSY cannot
be an exact symmetry of nature; otherwise, there exist a spin-1 particle with exactly the mass and
charge of an electron! Hence, SUSY partners cannot be degenerate with their usual partners,
rather, it is believed that SUSY must be softly broken at the weak scale. Within MSSM
framework, the effective Lagrangian [5,7] is

=

+

+

+

(1)

where,

=
1
2

3
+
2

+
1

+. .

+. (2)

+. .

where M
3
, M
2
, M
1
are the gluino, wino, and bino mass terms; the second line contains the
(scalar)
3
couplings, each of a
u
, a
d
, a
e
is a complex 3 3 matrix in family space, with dimension
of mass, they are in one-to-one correspondence with the Yukawa couplings of the superpotential;
the third line consist of squark and slepton mass terms, each of

is a 3 3
matrix in family space that can have complex entries but they must be hermitian so that the
Lagrangian is real (for simplicity we do not put tilde in the Q in the

, etc); and the last line

have the SUSY-breaking contributions to the Higgs potential

2
,

2
, and b are squared mass
terms that can occur in the MSSM. We expect that

M
3
, M
2
, M
1,
a
u
, a
d
, a
e
~ m
soft
, (3)

2
,

2
, b ~

2
(4)

where m
soft
has the mass scale of not much larger than 1000 GeV. As the name suggests, MSSM
describes the fewest number of new particles and new interactions that can be observed as
shown in table Tables (1.1) and (1.2) [5,10].




3


Methodology

The full paper should contain a title page containing the following: 1) title-14 pt. centered
and bold; 2) name of Student and section-12 pt, centered and bold; 3) keywords-12 pt. and italic
format. The lab report should contain abstract, introduction, methodology, results and
discussion, conclusions, and references. Length of the full paper must not exceed: 8,000 words,
10 figures, tables and equations, and 10 pages.

1. Paper size and margins

Please type on A4 paper (21.0 cm x 29.7 cm) and a single column format. Page margins
should be 2.54 cm (1 inch on all four sides. The space between lines should be single-spaced and
leave only one space after periods. One blank line should be given between section headings and
subsection headings.

2. Font type and sizes

Use Times New Roman, 12-point, throughout the manuscript. Title should be in bold,
centered on the page. Only the first letter of the title and proper nouns should be capitalized. List
authors full name in bold and section.

3. Formatting information

First level headings should be in bold, centered on the page without numbering. Second-
level headings should be in bold, on the left-hand margin with numerical numbering (e.g. 1, 2,
3). The first letter of each word should be capitalized. Third-level headings should be on the left-
hand margin with the following format of numbering (e.g. 1.1, 1.2, 3.1) All papers should be
numbered at the bottom of each page. Indent every first sentence of the paragraph.

Tables and Figures

Tables and figures must be of high quality. In the text, figures should be referred to as
Fig. 1 or, Fig. 2 and describe it. Provide titles above tables and captions below figures. Avoid
using vertical lines when presenting tables. In general, the figure should be fitted in a column. In
some case, when it is necessary, it is allowed to enlarge to occupy the page width. Figure should
not be crowded with unnecessary details. Photographs must be sharp and clearly seen.

Units and Equations

Use SI units for all dimensional quantities. Always provide a blank space before and after
the unit. In the text, a simple expression, for example 1/(a+b), should be used. In separate
equations, all formulas should be typed in a stack format (numerators over denominators).
Equations should be centered, aligned right and numbered using Arabic numerals in round
brackets. In the text, equations should be referred to as (1) or (2), etc. Leave an interval of one
line between an equation and text.


4





2
2
1
mv K
(5)

where m is the mass and v is velocity of the box.



Fig. 1. Experiment setup. {Insert this sentence if the image is taken from a reference: Image
taken from [1].}

In the case of table, explanation must be given on top of the table and left aligned as
shown. Table must be labeled sequentially starting from 1, 2, 3, Each table must follow and
precede a blank line. Every figure or table that appears in the manuscript must be cited in the
context.

Table 1. Example of a table.






Conclusions

The results show that...

References

Journal
[1] Benzon, AM, Work, Energy, and Power. Physics Journal J., 29(1), 37-44(2006).

Book
[2] Benzon, AM, Physics book. page#, 2
nd
Ed., Publisher, Place or country (2008).

URL
[3] http://www.blogger.com/profile/17912820107546979105
Trial F S
1 6.5 N 55 cm
2 0.2 N 24 cm

5