Generator Protection Steag

STEAG Energy Services (India) Pvt. Ltd.
Corporate Office: A 29, Sector 16, Noida 201 301, India http://www.steag.in
Site Office: C/o GSEG, Opp: L&T, Hazira-Surat,Gujarat
Generator
What is Generator ?
Generators or Alternators are used to convert mechanical power derived
from steam gas or hydraulic turbine to AC electric power from steam, gas, or hydraulic-turbine to AC electric power .
Generators are the primary source of electrical energy we consume p y gy
today.
Large AC power networks rely almost exclusively on generators Large AC power networks rely almost exclusively on generators.
Generator Parts details
Stator Core Cooler
Stator Core Cooler
Insert
Cover
End Shield
Wd O h
Rotor
Wdg Overhang
Oil Catcher
Rotor
Bearing
Shaft Seal
Stator
Terminal Bushing
Generator Bearings
Generator DE &
NDE b i ith
Generator bearing
assembled for
NDE bearings with
installed
thermocouples
assembled for
dimensional
checks
Bearings in clean
conditions
Need for Generator Protection Relay ?
Protection Relays are the Brain of the Electrical System
Need for Generator Protection Relay
A relay is automatic device which senses an abnormal condition of
Generator circuit and closes its contacts.
Objective is to trip only the absolutely essential so that
Protection Relay make the circuit breaker tripped for disconnecting
the faulty portion of the electrical circuit from rest of the healthy circuit.
Objective is to trip only the absolutely essential so that
Damage is Minimum.
Over speeding of the Turbine due to Sudden load Throw off is avoided.
Impact of Tripping of large set on the grid is Minimum
Auxiliary if possible are kept energies and time to restart the unit is
Minimum
Generator Monitoring system
Generator monitoring system
Bearing Vibration Shaft Vibration Bearing Vibration Shaft Vibration
Winding Vibration Core Vibration
M h i l Mechanical
Generator Monitoring Generator Monitoring
System (GEMS)
Condition Electrical
Hydrogen Purity
Hydrogen Humidity
MW, MVAr, V, A, Pf
E it ti V A
Hydrogen Humidity
Air Humidity
Water Conductivity
Gas Condition Stator Winding Temp.
Stator Core Temp.
Water Temp.
Excitation V, A
AVR Indication
DIODE Monitoring
Shaft Voltage
RE, PD
Line Faults
p
Hydrogen Pressure
Water Flow
Make Up Hydrogen Flow
Line Faults
Generator Protection Function Group
Generator Protection Function Group
G t P t ti M i G t P t ti B k Generator Protection Main
1.Generator Differential Protection
2.Stator Earth Fault Protection 100 %
3 S E h F l P i 95 %
Generator Protection Backup
12. Back up impedance protection
13.Dead Machine Protection
1 O 3.Stator Earth Fault Protection 95 %
4.Rotor Earth Fault Protection
5.Loss of Excitation Protection
14.Over voltage Protection
15. Under Voltage Protection
16.Under Frequency Protection
6. Over excitation Protection
7. Reverse power Protection
8. Negative phase sequence protn
17.Over Frequency Protection
9. Pole Slip Protection
10. Generator Over load Protection
11. Generator Inter turn Fault Protn
Generator Protection ANSI CODE
GENERATOR PROTECTION ANSI CODE
Sr. No. Protection ANSI Code Sr. No. Protection ANSI Code
1 Generator Differential 87G
2 Back up impedance Stg-1 21G1
3 B k i d St 2 21G2 3 Back up impedance Stg-2 21G2
4 Loss excitation with under voltage (UV) 40G1
5 Loss of excitation without under voltage (UV) 40G2
6 Generator over voltage Stg-1 59G1
7 Generator over voltage Stg-2 59G2
8 Reverse Power with Turbine Trip 32G1 8 Reverse Power with Turbine Trip 32G1
9 Reverse Power without Turbine Trip 32G2
10 Generator Low Forward power 37G
11 Generator Negative Phase Sequence Stg-1 46G1
12 Generator Negative Phase Sequence Stg-2 46G2
Generator Protection ANSI CODE
Sr. No. Protection ANSI Code
13 Rotor Earth Fault relay 64R
14 Rotor over load 49R
15 Generator overload 49S
16 Generator Over Freq Stg-1 81G1 16 Generator Over Freq Stg 1 81G1
17 Generator Over Freq Stg-2 81G2
18 Generator under Freq Stg-1 81G3
19 G t d F St 2 81G4 19 Generator under Freq Stg-2 81G4
20 Generator Over flux 99G
21 Generator CB LBB 50LBB
22 Pole slip 98G
23 Stator Earth Fault 95% 64G2
24 Stator Earth Fault 100% 64G1 24 Stator Earth Fault 100% 64G1
25 Inter turn Protection With 64G2 95G
26 Dead machine Protection 50GDM
Generator Protection Function
Allocation of Generator Protection Function
Generator Protection Function -87G
Diff ti l t ti i li bl th d f t ti t
Generator Differential Protection (87G)
Differential protection is a very reliable method of protecting generators.
In a differential protection scheme, currents on both sides of the
Generator are compared. p
Under normal conditions, or for a fault outside of the protected zone,
current I
1
is equal to current I
2
.
Ser
Therefore the currents in the current transformers secondary are also
equal, i.e. i
1
= i
2
and no current flows through the current relay.
If a fault develops inside of the protected zone, currents I
1
and I
2
are no
longer equal, therefore i
1
and i
2
are not equal and there is a current
flowing through the current relay.
Generator Protection Function-87G
Generator Differential Protection (87G)
Generator Protection Function -64G1
STATOR 100 % Earth Fault Protection (64G1)
It is common practice to ground generator neutral through a resistor which
limits maximum ground fault current to 5-10 A.
Ground fault protection function for detecting ground faults close to the star- p g g
point of a generator.
The scheme is based on the principle of displacing the potential of the
generator star-point by injecting a coded low-frequency signal.
achieves detection of ground faults over 100 % of the winding. Compensation is
provided for the influence of a second high-resistance grounded star-point in
the zone of protection.
The injection signal is generated by the injection unit REX 010 and fed into the
stator circuit by the injection transformer block REX 011.
The principle is based on the well-known offset method using injection of a low The principle is based on the well known offset method, using injection of a low
frequency signal.
STATOR 100 % Earth Fault Protection (64G1)
Parameters Settings Parameters Settings
RFs Alarm value 5k
Alarm Delay 2s
RFs Trip value 0.5k
Trip delay 1s
STATOR 95% Earth Fault Protection (64G2)
The 95 % scheme uses the generator voltage and detects a ground fault on the
basis of the displacement of the star-point voltage it causes.
Protection of 95 % Stator winding length against earth faults. The delay has to
safeguard against any malfunction under transient conditions and during
external earth faults.
This protection in conjunction with the voltage function 'Voltage', which covers
95 % of the winding.
Neutral voltage relay with harmonic restraint and time delay is used.
Normally set to operate at 5% of maximum neutral voltage with delay of 0.30
sec sec.
STATOR 95% Earth Fault Protection (64G2)
Generator Protection Function -64R
Rotor Earth Fault Protection (64R)
f f f The field circuit of the generator is normally isolated from the earth.
With a single earth fault in the rotor circuit, it is possible to have continuous
operation without generator damages.
There is however a risk of a second rotor earth fault .In such a case, there will
be large current and risk of severe damages .
The requirement of fast fault clearance is moderate.
Rotor earth fault relay with AC Injection Unit function
Gives alarm for weakly developed faults and tripping for fully developed fault.
Insensitive to harmonics in the filed voltage and permits capacitance between
fi ld i it d d f t 5 F field circuit and ground of up to 5F.
Generator Protection Function -64R
Rotor Earth Fault Protection (64R)
Generator Protection Function - 40G
Loss of Excitation Protection (40G)
There are limits for the under-excitation of a synchronous machine .
The machine may lose the synchronism and start to operate like an induction
machine.
The under-excitation increase the generation of heat in the end region of the
synchronous machine. The local heating may damage the insulation of the stator
winding and even the iron core.
To prevent damages to the generator it should be tripped at under-excitation.
Principle and operation
f The Loss of excitation protection in Relay measures the apparent impedance seen
out from the generator.
The measurement loop of apparent impedance can be chosen as the positive
l f h h h h l sequence loop or any one of the three phase-to-phase loops.
Generator Protection Function - 40G
Loss of Excitation Protection (40G)
Generator Protection Function 99G
Over Excitation Protection (99G)
As long as generator Transformer unit is connected to the network, risk of over
excitation is relatively small. However, when disconnected, there is risk of over
excitation mainly during start-up and shutdown.
Over excitation results in excessive heating of core lamination and severe heating
of unlaminated metallic parts.
Risk of the over excitation in large when frequency is below rated value and over Risk of the over excitation in large when frequency is below rated value and over
voltage relay cannot be used here and therefore, a V/Hz relay is the right one .
Over excitation protects generator magnetic core against of overheating .
Specially critical during start up and shutdown.
Over Excitation Protection (99G)
Reverse Power Protection (32G)
The task of a generator in a power plant is to convert mechanical energy available
as a torque on a rotating to electric energy.
When generator works as motor small active current is combined with large
reactive current as currents are balance ,single pole relay is sufficient .
For large turbo units ,reverse power is substantially less than 1 %.Hence ,low
forward power relay can be used.
Used for the protection to prevent damage to the prime mover.
If driving torque becomes less than total losses, generator starts drawing active
power from network .
In Steam turbine, reduction of steam flow reduces cooling effect and blades are
over heated.
Reverse Power Protection (32G)
Negative Phase Sequence Protection (46G)
Negative phase sequence currents produce a reverse sequence rotating field in the
machine .
This induces double frequency eddy currents in the rotor leading to overheating,
primarily on surface of cylindrical rotors and damper winding of salient pole
machines.
Causes of Negative phase sequence in Generator
Unbalanced load
Unbalanced system faults
Open circuit
One pole of CB or Isolator not closed.
Unbalance loading gives rise to double frequency eddy currents induced in rotor
which may cause excessive overheating .
Negative Phase Sequence Protection (46G)
Pole Slip Protection (98G)
L t tibl t l f h i d t l i ti Large generator are more susceptible to loss of synchronism due to lower inertia,
higher reactance and also if connected by relatively weak ties. if allowed to persist
result in instability and widespread system disturbance.
P l Sli i Pole Slipping
In this state, plant is still in excited state and large fluctuations in stator voltage
current and power output of the machine occur.
Protection Function operation and Measurement
If Generator is faster than the power system, the rotor movement in the impedance
and oltage diagram is from right to left and generating is signaled and voltage diagram is from right to left and generating is signaled.
If the generator is slower than the power system, the rotor movement is from left to
right and motoring is signaled.
The movement in the impedance plain can be seen in figure, the transient behavior
is described by the transient e m fs E d E d b X X d th t i t t is described by the transient e.m.fs EA and EB,and by Xd. XT and the transient system
impedance ZS.
Pole Slip Protection (98G)
Generator Protection Function 49S
If the temperature of the generator reaches too high values the equipment might be
Overload protection (49S)
If the temperature of the generator reaches too high values the equipment might be
damaged.
As a consequence of this the risk of internal phase to phase or phase to earth
faults will increase faults will increase.
The thermal overload protection estimates the internal heat content of the
generator continuously.
The Protection measure maximum phase current (true RMS Measurement).
In this REG 670 Protection Relay Two warning levels are available .This enables
actions in the power system to be done before dangerous temperature are reached actions in the power system to be done before dangerous temperature are reached.
If the temperature continues to increase to the trip value ,the protection initiates
trip of the protected generator
Generator Protection Function 49S
Overload protection (49S)
Generator Protection Function 95G/64W
Generator Inter turn Fault (95G or 64W)
Differential protection for stator does not provide protection against the
inter-turn faults on the same phase winding of the stator.
The reason is that the current produced by the turn to turn fault flows in
the local circuit between the turns involved and thus it does not create
any difference between the current.
1. The protection criterion (for an
interturn fault)
2. which the REU 610 evaluates is the
neutral voltage of the phase-to-neutral
voltages. The necessary sensitivity is
achieved using a special input and
digital filter algorithms.
Generator Protection Function 95G/64W
Generator Inter turn Fault (95G or 64W)
Backup Impedance Protection (21G)
Backup impedance protection for internal short circuit in the generator or the unit p p p g
transformer .
Backup or main protection for fault at the bus bar where the plant is connected to
the power system . p y
Backup impedance protection for line-faults at lines out from the power plant .
The numerical mho line distance protection is a three zone full scheme protection p p
for back-up detection of short circuit and earth faults.
The three zones have fully independent measuring and setting which gives high
flexibility for all types of lines. y yp
The modern technical solution offers fast operating time down to cycles.
Backup Impedance Protection (21G)
Generator Protection Function 50GDM
Dead Machine Protection (50GDM)
If a dead machine is accidentally energized (energized while on turning If a dead machine is accidentally energized (energized while on turning
gear), it will start and behave as an induction motor.
During the period when the machine is accelerating, very high currents
are induced in the rotor and the machine may be damaged very quickly. are induced in the rotor and the machine may be damaged very quickly.
relays do detect the event, their time delays may be too great to avoid
damage to the generator.
Because of these problems, dedicated dead machine protection is often p , p
advisable.
Protection relay must have a very short time delay in order to adequately
protect the useful for system fault backup protection. p y p p
Protection against dead-machine energization can also be provided with a
directional over current relay connected at the machine terminals and set
to operate for currents flowing into the machine.
Generator Protection Function 50GDM
Dead Machine Protection (50GDM)
Over voltage Protection (59G)
Generator overvoltage may occur during a load rejection or excitation Generator overvoltage may occur during a load rejection or excitation
control failure.
upon load rejection the generator may speed up and the voltage can
reach high levels without necessarily exceeding the generators V/Hz reach high levels without necessarily exceeding the generator s V/Hz
limit.
The overvoltage relay (59) is used to protect the generator from this
condition condition.
The over voltage protection is provided by two over voltage Function
have two Step one is the instantaneous relays which is set to pick
up at 130 to 150% of the rated voltage. another Step is IDMT which is
set to pick up at 110% of rated voltage.
Over voltage may occur due to the defective voltage regulator and Over voltage may occur due to the defective voltage regulator and
also due to manual control errors.
Over voltage Protection (59G)
Under voltage Protection (27G)
If more than one generators supply the load and due to some reason one If more than one generators supply the load and due to some reason one
generator is suddenly trip , then another generators try to supply the load.
Each of these generators will experience a sudden increase in current and
thus decreases the terminal voltage.
Automatic voltage regulator connected to the system try to restore the
voltage.
And under voltage relay type-27 is also used for the under voltage And under voltage relay type 27 is also used for the under voltage
protection.
This drop of under voltage not critical for the generator and transformer
block . block .
Critical for the auxiliary equipment at plant (especially for turbo units).
This Protection function should be block when generator is not loaded .
Under frequency Protection (81G3)
Under Frequency occurs as a result of lock of generation in the Network .
Overloading of a generator, perhaps due to loss of system generation and
insufficient load shedding, can lead to prolonged operation of the generator at
reduced frequencies reduced frequencies.
This can cause particular problems for gas or steam turbine generators, which
are susceptible to damage from operation outside of their normal frequency
band.
While load-shedding is the primary protection against generator overloading,
under frequency relays (device 81U) should be used to provide additional under frequency relays (device 81U) should be used to provide additional
protection.
The under frequency (TUF) function is used to detect low power system
f th f ti ith h d fi it ti d l lt frequency ,the function can either have a definite time delay or a voltage
magnitude depend the time delay .
Generator Protection Function 81G3
Under frequency Protection (81G3)
Over frequency Protection (81G1)
Over frequency will occur at sudden load drops or shunt faults in the power Over frequency will occur at sudden load drops or shunt faults in the power
network .
In some case close to generating part governor problem can also cause over
ffrequency .
The protection function is provided with an undervoltage blocking ,the operation
may be based on single phase, phase-to-phase or positive sequence voltage ay be based o s g e p ase, p ase to p ase o pos t e seque ce o tage
measurment .
The Over frequency (TOF) function is used to detect high power system
frequency the function has a settable definite time delay if the frequency frequency ,the function has a settable definite time delay.if the frequency
remains above the set value for a time period corresponding to the chosen time
delay .
Over frequency Protection (81G1)
Generator Class of Tripping
CLASS-A TRIPPING
This is adopted for those Electrical Faults of Generator and Generator
Transformer and unit Auxiliary Transformer for which tripping can not be
delayed. y
This leads to simultaneous tripping of
Generator Transformer HV Side CB
Field Circuit Breaker
LV side Incomer Breaker of UATs
Auto Changeover from unit to Station for unit Auxiliaries and Auto Changeover from unit to Station for unit Auxiliaries and
tripping of turbine.
Thi i d t d f ll t bi f lt (M h i l) d f El t i l
CLASS-B TRIPPING
This is adopted for all turbine faults (Mechanical) and for some Electrical
faults of Generator ,Generator Transformer and unit auxiliary
Transformer for which it is safe to trip the turbine.
Subsequently the Generator is tripped through low forward power
interlock.
Ensure that unit does not over speed due to trapped steam in the turbine
during the shutdown and also the loss of power to the grid from the
Generator is not sudden.
CLASS-C TRIPPING
This is adopted for all faults beyond the Generator system which can be
cleared by tripping of Generator transformer HV Side CB alone.
In this case the TG Set runs with HP-LP bypass system in operation and
Generator continues to feed the unit auxiliary load through unit auxiliary Generator continues to feed the unit auxiliary load through unit auxiliary
Transformers.
Classification of Tripping
Typical Classification of Tripping
PROTECTIVE RELAY TRIPPING MODE REMARKS
Generator Differential Relay Class A
Generator Transformer Differential
Relay
Class A
Unit Overall Differential Relay Class A
Generator Stator E/F Relay (100%) Class A
Generator Stator E/F Relay (95%) Class A
Generator Transformer Over fluxing
Relay
Class B I stage alarm
Generator Under frequency Relay Class C After some time
(say 3omins) II stage
I stage alarm
(say 3omins) II stage
Generator Rotor Earth Fault Relay Class B II stage I stage alarm
Generator Pole slipping Relay Class C
Generator Field Failure Relay Class B Without Under voltage Generator Field Failure Relay Class B Without Under voltage
Generator Low Forward Power
Relay
For interlock in Class
B tripping
Classification of Tripping
Typical Classification of Tripping
PROTECTIVE RELAY TRIPPING MODE REMARKS
Generator Reverse Power Relay Class A
Generator Distance Backup Impedance Relay Class C
Generator Voltage Restrained Relay Class A
Generator Transformer H.V. side Backup O/C relay Class C
Generator Transformer H.V. side Backup E/F relay Class B
Unit Auxiliary Transformer Differential Relay Class A
Generator Negative Sequence Current Relay Class C I-stage alarm
Generator Definite time O/C Relay For alarm
Unit Auxiliary Transformer H.V. side O/C Relays
(Backup)
Class A
Generator Transformer Buchholz Relay Class A Il-stage I-stage alarm
Generator Transformer Winding Temperature
Device
Class C Il-stage I-stage alarm
Generator Transformer Oil Temperature Device Class C Il-stage I-stage alarm
Generator Protection Matrix
Generator Protection Matrix
Measurement Circuit for Generator Protection
Generator Protection Relay
Generator Protection Relay - Requirement & Classification
The Protection Relays are
classified by following
construction type:
The Protection Relays
should meet following
requirements:
Electromagnetic
Solid state
Mi
Reliability : ability to
operate correctly. It has two
component
Microprocessor
Numerical
Non-electric (thermal,
pressure etc )
component
Dependability
Security
Speed: minimum
pressure, etc.,)
Speed: minimum
operating time to clear the
fault
Cost: maximum
protection at lowest possible
cost
Generator Protection Relay Classification
Electromagnetic Based relay
construction
Electromagnetic relays include
attracted armature, moving coil,
and induction disc induction cup
type relays. Electromagnetic relays
contain an electromagnet (or a
permanent magnet) and a moving permanent magnet) and a moving
part. When the actuating quantity
exceeds a certain predetermined
value, an operating torque is
developed which is applied on the
i t Thi th moving part. This causes the
moving part to travel and to finally
close a contact to energise the trip-
coil of the breaker.
Electromagnetic Type Relays
Type-CDG 12
Inverse Time Earth Fault
Type-CAG 17,37 yp ,
Instantaneous Over current
Type-CDV,22,62
Voltage controlled Over
current Relay
Type-CTMM/CTMFM
Motor Protection Relay
Type-CTNM 12
Negative Phase Sequence
current relay
Solid state
Based relay
construction co st uct o
Static relays contain electronic circuit which are Static relays contain electronic circuit, which are
transistors, ICs, diodes another electronic
components. There is a comparator circuit in the
relay, which compares two or more currents or
voltages and gives the output, which is applied to
either a slave relay or a thryristor circuit. The slave
relay is an electromagnetic relay in a semi- static
relay. A relay using a thryristor circuit is a wholly
static relay. Static relay possess an advantage of
having low burden on CT and PT fast operation having low burden on CT and PT, fast operation,
absence of mechanical inertia, contact time, long life
and less maintenance. Static relays have proved to
be superior to electromagnetic relays
Microprocessor
Based relay Based relay
construction
Numerical Numerical
Based relay
construction
Generator Protection Relay Numerical Relay Function
A numeric relay is a digital protective relay that uses a microprocessor with software based
protection algorithms to analyze power system voltages and currents for the purpose of
detection of faults in an electric power system.
F ti Function:
Low voltage and low current signals (i.e., at the secondary of a voltage transformer and
current transformer ) are brought into a low pass filter that removes frequency content
above about 1/3 of the sampling frequency. AC signal is then sampled by the relay's analog
to digital converter at anywhere from about 4 to 64 (varies by relay) samples per power
system cycle. The sampled data is then passed through a low pass filter that numerically
removes the frequency content that is above the fundamental frequency of interest (i.e.,
nominal system frequency), and uses Fourier transform algorithms to extract the
f d t l f it d d l fundamental frequency magnitude and angle.
Next the microprocessor passes the data into a set of protection algorithms, which are a set
of logic equations in part designed by the protection engineer, and in part designed by the
relay manufacturer, that monitor for abnormal conditions that indicate a fault. If a fault
condition is detected, output contacts operate to trip the associated circuit breaker(s).
Architecture of numerical relays
Microprocessor Microprocessor
Memory module
Input module
O t t d l Output module
Communication module
Application Software pp
Advantage of Numerical Relay
Reliability
M ltif ti lit Multifunctionality
Self Diagnosis
Event and Disturbance Records
Communication Capabilities
Sampled Waveform
Co u cat o Capab t es
Adaptive Protection
Numerical relays Fourier transform algorithms
Architecture of numerical relays
Generator Protection Relay- REG 670
Generator Protection Relay ABB make REG 670
The REG 670 is used for protection ,control and
monitoring of the generator and generator
transformer blocks.
The IED has a comprehensive function library, p y,
covering the requirement for most generator
application.
The REG670 also enables valuable monitoringg
possibilities as many of the process values can be
transferred to an operator HMI.
REG 670 inbuilt with 33 Protection function.
A/D module with one microsecond accuracy A/D module with one microsecond accuracy
in time synchronization .
New GPS clock module .
Transformer input module with three metering
CTs, four protection CTs and five VTs .
Generator Protection Relay REG 670
Protection Relay Function Monitoring
Relay Communication
Generator mechanical protection
Generator Mechanical Protection Alarm Limit setting
Sr. NO Parameter Operating Value Alarm Value Trip Value
1 Stator slot temparature (24 RTDs) 95 100 C >100 1 Stator slot temparature (24 RTDs) 95 - 100 C >100
2 Stator core Temperature
Turbine End < 95 c > 100 C
Excitor End < 95 C > 100 C
3 Cold gas temp after H2 coolers
AB (3 RTDs) 25 - 45 C > 50 C > 50 C
CD (3RTDs) 25 - 45 C > 50 C > 50 C
4 Hot gas temp before H2 coolers 4 Hot gas temp before H2 coolers
AB (2 RTDs) 45 - 70 C > 75 C
CD (2RTDs)
5 Cooling water Temp before H2 coolers
A < 38 C > 38 C
B < 38 C > 38 C
6 Cooling water Temp after H2 coolers < 50 C > 50 C
7 Generator Brg.Temp TE Side (2 RTDs) < 90 C > 90 C g p ( )
8 Generator Brg.Temp EE Side (2 RTDs) < 90 C > 90 C
9 Generator Brg. Vibration TE < 84 C > 84 C
10 Generator Brg. Vibration EE < 84 micron pk-pk > 84 micron pk-pk
Generator Protection Setting
Generator Protection setting 230 MW Generator
Sr. No. Protection Setting REG 670 Pickup Setting Time Delay
1 Generator differential protection 0.2 IBASE 0 1 Generator differential protection 0.2 IBASE 0
2 Gen Backup impedance Stage-1(21G1) 0.099 ohm/ph, 80 deg 1 s
3 Gen Backup impedance Stage-2 (21G2) 0.141 ohm/ph, 80 deg 1 s
4 Loss of Excitation with under voltage (40G1)
Zone-1 : Z1 offset: 10, Z1
diameter: 86.37 %,
UV:70% 1 S
0 s
UV:70%, 1 S
diameter: 86.37 %,
UV:70%, 1 S
0 s
5 Loss of Excitation without under voltage (40G)2
diameter: 86.37 %,
0 s
diameter: 86.37 %,
diameter: 86.37 %,
0 s
6 Over load protection Stage-1 (59G1) 110 IB% 3 s
7 Over voltage protection Stage-2 (59G2) 115 %UB 3 s
8 R P ith t bi t i (32G1) 0 5%SB 180 d 3 8 Reverse Power with turbine trip (32G1) 0.5% SB, 180 deg 3 s
9
Reverse Power with out turbine trip (32G2)
0.5% SB, 180 deg 3 s
10 Low forward protection (37 G) 0.5% SB, 180 deg 3 s
11 Negative Phase Sequence Stage-1 (46G1)
10% IB, 0, 120, 240 deg
2 s 11 Negative Phase Sequence Stage 1 (46G1) 2 s
12
Negative Phase Sequence Stage-2 (46G2)
10% IB, 0, 120, 240 deg IEC Extremely Inverse
Generator Protection Setting
Generator Protection setting 230 MW Generator
Sr. No. Protection Setting REG 670 Pickup Setting Time Delay
13 Rotor earth fault protection (64 R) Alarm -10K 0.50 s 13 Rotor earth fault protection (64 R) Alarm 10K 0.50 s
Trip 1 K 0.50 s
14 Rotor Overload Protection (49 R) 110% Ibase 5 s
15 Generator Overload Protection (49 S) 105% Ibase 5 s
16 Over Frequency Protection (81 G1) Alarm: 51.50 Hz 10 s
17
Over Frequency Protection (81 G2)
Trip: 52.50 Hz 1 s
18 Under Frequency Protection (81 G3) Alarm: 48.50 Hz 5 s
19 Under Frequency Protection (81 G4) Trip: 47.40 Hz 2 s
20 O fl i t ti (99 G) 110 140 % V/H 0 20 Over fluxing protection (99 G) 110 140 % V/Hz 0 s
21 Generator CB LBB Protection (50 LBB) 10% Ibase 0.2 s
22 Pole Slip protection (98G) ZA = 13.55 %, 105-90 deg 0 s
ZB = 16.57 %, 105-90 deg 0 s
ZC = 15.34 %, 105-90 deg 0 s , g
23 Stator 1 00% earth fault protection (64 G1) Alarm -1K 0.50 s
Trip - 1K 0.50 s
24 Stator 95 % earth fault protection (64 G2) 0.05 Un 0.5 s
25 INTERTURN fault protection (95 G1) >5.0 Un 0.1 s
26 Dead machine Protection (50 GDM) I >= 105 %, UV <= 70% 0 s
Sonntag, 12. August 2012 67

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