The Latest Development In

Networks and Communications

NAME : AISHAH NABILAH BT MUHAMAD RIDZUAN
NO IC : 960912-10-6130
CLASS : 4 RAZI
TEACHER NAME : PUAN SANIAH BT. MOHD ALI




1.0 INTRODUCTION

COMPUTER NETWORK COMMUNICATION
A computer network or data network is a telecommunications network that allows computers to
exchange data. In computer networks, networked computing devices (network nodes) pass data to each
other along data connections. The connections (network links) between nodes are established using
either cable media or wireless media. The best-known computer network is the Internet.

COMMUNICATION
Communication is the activity of conveying information through the exchange of thoughts, messages, or
information, as by speech, visuals, signals, writing, or behavior. It is the meaningful exchange of
information between two or more living creatures


2.0 MOBILE COMPUTING

2.1 Definition

Mobile computing is humancomputer interaction by which a computer is expected to be transported
during normal usage. Mobile computing involves mobile communication, mobile hardware, and mobile
software. Communication issues include ad hoc and infrastructure networks as well as communication
properties, protocols, data formats and concrete technologies. Hardware includes mobile devices or device
components. Mobile software deals with the characteristics and requirements of mobile applications.





2.2 Specification, services and frequencies of Mobile Computing

SAMSUNG NOTE II




SPECIFICATION

Wi-Fi Direct available
Bluetooth technology v 4.0 (Apt-X Codec support) LE
Accelerometer, Geo-magnetic, Gyro-sensor, Light Sensor, Proximity
Sensor, Barometer available
Battery upto 17Hr (3G)
3100mAh Battery

USB Chargeable
Upto 510hours (3G)
Video Format : MPEG4, H.263, H.264, VC-1, DivX, WMV7, WMV8,
WMV9, VP8
Full HD (1080p) Video Playback available
Recording up to 30fps
Audio Format : MP3, OGG, WMA, AAC, ACC+, eAAC+, AMR
(NB,WB),MIDI, WAV, AC-3, Flac
Android 4.1 (JellyBean)
16GB Memory*
151.1 x 80.5 x 9.4mm
182.5g Weight
8 Megapixels Camera Resolution (Rear)
1.9 Megapixels Camera Resolution (Front)
Flash-LED available
Auto Focus available

SERVICES

Samsung Apps available
Music Hub available
Readers Hub available
Game Hub available
ChatON available
ActiveSync available
B-to-B Compability : Sybase / Webex / Device encryption / Cisco etc.

FREQUENCIES

EDGE / GPRS (850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900MHZ)
HSDPA : 900/2100 MHz

3.0 INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICES

3.1 VoIP


Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a methodology and group of technologies for the delivery
of voice communications andmultimedia sessions over Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as the
Internet. Other terms commonly associated with VoIP are IP telephony, Internet telephony, voice over
broadband (VoBB), broadband telephony, IP communications, and broadband phone service.

VoIP calls can be made on the Internet using a VoIP service provider and standard computer audio
systems. Alternatively, some service providers support VoIP through ordinary telephones that use special
adapters to connect to a home computer network. Many VoIP implementations are based on the H.323
technology standard.

VoIP offers a substantial cost savings over traditional long distance telephone calls. The main
disadvantage of VoIP is a greater potential for dropped calls and degraded voice quality when the
underlying network links are under heavy load.

3.2 BLOG

A blog (short for weblog) is a personal online journal that is frequently updated and intended for
general public consumption. Blogs are defined by their format: a series of entries posted to a single page
in reverse-chronological order.Blogs generally represent the personality of the author or reflect the
purpose of the Web site that hosts the blog. Topics sometimes include brief philosophical musings,
commentary on Internet and other social issues, and links to other sites the author favors, especially those
that support a point being made on a post.

Many blogs provide commentary on a particular subject; others function as more personal online
diaries; others function more as online brand advertising of a particular individual or company. A typical
blog combines text, images, and links to other blogs, Web pages, and other media related to its topic. The
ability of readers to leave comments in an interactive format is an important contribution to the popularity
of many blogs. Most blogs are primarily textual, although some focus on art (art blogs), photographs
(photoblogs), videos (video blogs or "vlogs"), music (MP3 blogs), and audio (podcasts). Microblogging is
another type of blogging, featuring very short posts. In education, blogs can be used as instructional
resources. These blogs are referred to as edublogs.

4.0 TYPES OF NETWORK

4.1 PAN


A personal area network - PAN - is a computer network organized around an individual person.
Personal area networks typically involve a mobile computer, a cell phone and/or a handheld computing
device such as a PDA. You can use these networks to transfer files including email and calendar
appointments, digital photos and music.

Personal area networks can be constructed with cables or be wireless. USB and FireWire technologies
often link together a wired PAN, while wireless PANs typically use Bluetooth or sometimes infrared
connections. Bluetooth PANs are also sometimes called piconets.

Personal area networks generally cover a range of less than 10 meters (about 30 feet). PANs can be
viewed as a special type (or subset) of local area network (LAN) that supports one person instead of a
group.

4.2 VPN

A virtual private network (VPN) extends a private network across a public network, such as
the Internet. It enables a computer to send and receive data across shared or public networks as if it were
directly connected to the private network, while benefiting from the functionality, security and
management policies of the private network. This is done by establishing a virtual point-to-
point connection through the use of dedicated connections, encryption, or a combination of the two.

A VPN connection across the Internet is similar to a wide area network(WAN) link between the sites.
From a user perspective, the extended network resources are accessed in the same way as resources
available from the private network.

VPNs allow employees to securely access their company's intranet while traveling outside the office.
Similarly, VPNs securely and cost-effectively connect geographically disparate offices of an organization,
creating one cohesive virtual network. VPN technology is also used by ordinary Internet users to connect
to proxy servers for the purpose of protecting one's identity.


4.3 WLAN


A wireless local area network (WLAN) links two or more devices using some wireless distribution
method (typically spread-spectrum or OFDM radio), and usually providing a connection through an
access point to the wider Internet.
This gives users the mobility to move around within a local coverage area and still be connected to the
network. Most modern WLANs are based on IEEE 802.11 standards, marketed under the Wi-Fi brand
name. WLANs were once called LAWNs (for local area wireless network) by the Department of Defense.
Wireless LANs have become popular in the home due to ease of installation, and in commercial
complexes offering wireless access to their customers; often for free. New York City, for instance, has
begun a pilot program to provide city workers in all five boroughs of the city with wireless Internet
access.

4.4 WIMAX


WiMAX is a wireless technology put forth by the WiMAX Forum that is one of the technologies
that is being used for 4G networks. It can be used in both point to point and the typical WAN type
configurations that are also used by 2G and 3G mobile network carriers. Its formal name is IEEE standard
802.16. Sprint owns a WiMAX based network that is marketed under the name XOHM, though that will
eventually be merged with Clearwire's network and sold under the Clearwire name. LTE is a competing
technology that has the support of far more carriers worldwide.




5.0 Conclusion

Network communication is an ever-growing industry with new technologies and
standardsemerging every day. To use a communication network effectively you need to know
theadvantages and disadvantages, as well as the various types of networks possible. Computer
networks and communication also makes our life easier tocommunicate with each other and the world
using the computer .



REFERENCE

1) Retrieved from :
http://www.howardforums.com/showthread.php/1781455-Unlock-Galaxy-Note-2-How-to-Unlock-
Samsung-Galaxy-Note-II-I317-T889-N7100 on 31 October 2013 .

2) Retrieved from:
http://sbinfocanada.about.com/od/handlingphonecalls/g/voip.htm on 4 October 2013

3) Retrieved from :
http://searchtelecom.techtarget.com/definition/WiMAX on 31 October 2013.

4) LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN NETWORKS. PC MAGAZINE, FEBRUARY 2012,
KARANGKRAF SDN BHD : KUALA LUMPUR