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2
+
2
=
2
Trigonometry formulae
In any right-angled triangle ABC where a, b and c are the length of the sides and c is
the hypotenuse:
sin , cos , tan
a b a
A A A
c c b
= = =
15
In any triangle ABC where a, b and c are the length of the sides
sine rule:
sin sin sin
a b c
A B C
= =
cosine rule:
2 2 2
2 cos a b c bc A = +
1
Area = sin
2
ab C
2. The following formulae are not specified in the content but should be derived or
informally understood by candidates. These formulae must not be given in the
examination.
Perimeter, area, surface area and volume formulae
Where a and b are the lengths of the parallel sides and h is their perpendicular
separation:
Area of a trapezium =
1
2
( +)
Volume of a prism = area of cross section length
Compound interest
Where P is the principal amount, r is the interest rate over a given period and n is
number of times that the interest is compounded:
Total accrued = 1 +
100
Probability
Where P(A) is the probability of outcome A and P(B) is the probability of outcome B:
( ) = () + () ( )
( ) = ( )()
16
3. Formulae that candidates should be able to use, but need not memorise. These
can be given in the exam, either in the relevant question, or in a list from which
candidates select and apply as appropriate.
Perimeter, area, surface area and volume formulae
Where r is the radius of the sphere or cone, l is the slant height of a cone and h is the
perpendicular height of a cone:
Curved surface area of a cone =
Surface area of a sphere = 4
2
Volume of a sphere =
4
3
3
Volume of a cone =
1
3
2
Kinematics formulae
Where a is constant acceleration, u is initial velocity, v is final velocity, s is
displacement from the position when t = 0 and t is time taken:
= +
= +
1
2
2
=
2
+ 2
17
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Reference: DFE-00233-2013