a.

Name the common conditions causing chest pain and describe the mechanism
by which they cause chest pain
b. Describe the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and management
of essential hypertension
c. Describe JNC VII classification of hypertension
d. Describe the most common causes of secondary hypertension
e. Discuss the etiology, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of ischemic
heart disease to include
i. Angina pectoris
ii. Myocardial infarction
f. Correlate the changes in cardiac enzyme levels and electrocardiographic
changes to infarct size and to prognosis/outcome
g. Enumerate the complications of myocardial infarction. Discuss the
pathophysiology and treatment.
i. Cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death (within 24 hrs of MI)
ii. Congestive heart failure and ventricular dysfunction
iii. Cardiogenic shock
iv. Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
v. Pericarditis (Dressler's syndrome)
vi. Rupture of papillary muscle
vii. Rupture of ventricular septum
viii. Systemic arterial embolism
ix. Ventricular aneurysm
h. Recognize and describe the abnormal electrocardiogram to include
i. Presence of hypertrophy and axis deviation
ii. Identification of ischemic changes and infarction
iii. Presence of disturbances, heart blocks
iv. Arrhythmias
i. Describe the etiology, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of various
types of arrhythmias
j. Discuss cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism and transport and correlate these
with the pathophysiology of hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis
k. Describe the national cholesterol education program - adult treatment panel III
(NCEP-ATP III) guidelines in the management of hyperlipidemia
l. Describe the components of the metabolic syndrome and their relationship to
cardiovascular diseases
m. Describe the mechanism of action and the rationale of the use of drugs for the
treatment of
i. Hypertension (sympatholytic agents, vasodilators, ACE inhibitors, calcium
channel blockers, diuretics, angiotensin receptor blockers)
ii. Angina pectoris and myocardial infarction (nitrates, oral antiplatelet drugs,
thrombolytic agents, anticoagulants)
iii. Arrhythmias
iv. Hyperlipidemia (statins, fibrates, nicotinic acid, ezetimibe, etc)
n. Discuss the different types of cardiomyopathies to include their causes,
essentials of diagnosis and management
i. Extrinsic cardiomyopathies
1. Ischemic cardiomyopathy
2. Cardiomyopathy secondary to systemic illness (diabetes,
hemochromatosis, hyperthyroidism, amyloidosis)
ii. Intrinsic cardiomyopathies
1. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
2. Dilated cardiomyopathy
3. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
o. Describe cardioversion and defibrillation
p. Describe cardiac rehabilitation