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M, Tech.in Optoelectronicsand Laser Technolory
(First Semester)EXAMINATION, 2008

oE-14
)
PaperFourth
)
OPTICAL COMMUNICATION

Time : ThreeHours
I Max. Marks : 100

) Note : Solveanyfive questionsin all, selectingonequestionfrom eachunit.

UNIT - I

16r.ot Draw a basic-blockdiagramof Fiber optic communication

link and explain in brief the function of eachbiock. Also
I i.. explainthe needof fiber optical communication. 10

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\.. , t ,/
(b) Justifythat Attenuationin singlemodetlber is smallerthan
in multimode fiber. Explain the mechanismthat causes
1 ,1
t'r
attenuationin optical fiber. 10

t{
I OR

I (a) Discussthe nonlinearphenomenathat are most relevantfor

:f fiber-optic communications.Define stimulatedfight and
) Brillouin scattering. 10
(b) Describe group velocity Dispersion and inter-modal
dispersionphenomenonin singlemode fiber. Discusshow
doesGroup velocity Dispersionlimits the performanceof
light wavesystemusedin opticalfiber system. 10

, \lr
 OR
Q,3(a) Describe the principal of operation of Raman Amplifier.
DefineRamanGainandBandwidth. 10
UNIT - II (b) Discuss the purpose of use of optical ampliliers
(Application)in the designof fiber opticcornmunication.10
Definethe corediameter of opticalfiber. Describethe types
Ya) of opticalfiber giving fiber constructionandrefractiveindex
profile. Explainhow differentmodespropagates
I
j
U N IT _W
throughan' )
opticalfiber.Whataremicrobendsandmacrobends ? 10 ( Q4. Discussthe designof optical Transmitterwith respectto
followine-
Describethe followingprocessof fabricationof opticalfiber.
(i) OVPO(outsidevapourPhauOxidation)
i (D
(ii)
Sourcefiber coupling
Ddving circuitry
(iD MCVD (Modifiedchemicalvapourdeposition) 10 (iii) Opticalmodulators 20
Discussmeritsanddemeritsalso.
OR OR
Q 2( a ) Draw and explain ideal and real characteristicsof a WDM
opticalfilter. Definethefollowingparameters- 10 Discussthefollowingnoisegeneratedin Receiver 10
(i) Centrefrequency (ii) {,
PassBandwidth (D ShortNoise
(iit StopBandwidth (iv) Isolation (iD ThermalNoise
(v) Ripple. ). (b) Describethe following basicconceptscommonto all photo
defectors- 10
o) Define the following functionalparametersof optical passivq
,l
I
(i) Responsivity(ii) quantumefficiency
devices- 10 \., (iiD Bandwidth.
(t InsertionLoss(IL)
{
(ii) RetumLoss(RL) IINIT - V
(iii) Reflectance ')
(i") Operatingwavelength Describe synchronousoptical Network (SONET) giving
(v) Transfermatrixfor a FiberopticBranchingDevice.
0tc"l structure,BasicBuildingBlock andSTS-Nframes. 10
)
Describe the principal of operation of WDM optical
UNIT - III ) switches. 10
OR
aN^) Describethe principai of operationof Erbium dopedfiber
Amplifier.Discussits gainspectrum. 10 Q 5 (a ) Describe SynchronousDigital Hierarchy (SDH) giving
standardbit ratesandfiame structure. 10
Discussthe advantagesand disadvantages of analog and 4b) Describe the function WDM (wavelength division
,p disital modulationschemeusedin ooticalfiber svstems.1 0 multiplexing) multiplexer andits channeiprofile type. 10
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M,Tech. in Optoeleclronicsand Laser Technology
UNIT _ IV
(First Semester)
f,xamination,2008
Q.4. Describethe electrcnicstatcsin conjugatedmolecularsolids.How singlet and
oE-l3 triplet statesare farmed.Discussfluorescence& phosphorescence
in molecular
Paper Third solidswith the help ofsuitable diagram.
OPTOELECTRONICS OR
Time : ThreeHours Max. Marks : 100
/,/Descdbeanyoneofthe followiugin detail-
(i) TIIF method
Note : Answer any five Questions.Selectingone from eachunit. All questionscarry
(ii) Bossier Model
equalmarks.
UNIT_V
UNIT - I
;ffi. andworkingprincipleof organiclight emittingdiode.On
Describefabrication
i1. What is relationbetweenabsorptionand emissionspectra? Describea rnethod a whatfactorsdoestheefficiencvofOLED deoands.
for measurementofabsorption and Luminescencespecha.
OR
OR
Describein detailconstructionandprincipleofworkingoforganic
Describethe processofelectron-holepair formation and rec,ombination
in photovoltaic.
Discussfill factorVoc,IscandefficiencyofOPV.
semiconductorswith suitablediasrams.

UNIT - II
. Discussthenematic,Smecticaadcholosteric
phases
ofliquid crystals.
Describethe operationoftwisted nematicdisplay.

OR
Describeany two ofthe following growth methodsofoptoelectronicmaterial
and enumeratetheir advartages ard disadvantages
(i) MBE
(ii) MocvD
(iii) Plasma
CVD
UNIT _ III
Q.| Describe the principle c'f working chamcteristics and fabrication ol
a/ photodiode.Classifyphotodiode.

OR
Write a short note on any two -
(i) Neno electronics
(ii) Luminescentmaterials
(iii) Solarcells.
juq ku\o,. ,r"
Code:S-739
y' Explainhowpopulationinversionandlasingactionocculsin directbandgap
M.Tech.in Optoelectronics& LaserTecblologr
' semiconductors.Comparethe structureandpropertiesof semiconductor
(First Semester)Examination,2008
laserandlight emittingdiodes(LEDs;.
QE- 12
Paper- Second
(LASER TECHNOLOGY) ,,1( Discussthe working principle ofrare earthdopedlasers.

,. Unit-N
Time : ThreeHours Max Mark. 100 4./ Explantrnportantcharacteristics
ofultrashorlpulselasers.How ulfia short
,/:.
purselasersaregenerated/

Note - Attempt all five questions.Eachquestioncarry equalmarks.
Unit - I
1. a. Why minimumthreeenergylevelsa:erequiredto causepopulationinver-
sion betweentwo levels ?
b. Explain purposeand working of optical resonators.Discussthe condi-
tions for oscillator stabilitv in laserresonator.
Z Dir"u* th"o"""u"u4,u.d ,uffi3lt corditioosfo, laseractior.
. Describein shortthe line broadeningmechanismof emittedlaserbeam.
Out ofthese broadeningwhich one is the mostdominating?
Unit - [
2. a. Describetlle role ofmaroscopic polarizationon dispersionandgain in a
laseroscillator.
b7 Discusssomeimpofiant applicationsof ultrashortpulse lasers.Explain
/ broadband coherentexcitationin short.
OR
a. What arestandingwaveandtravelling waveresonators? Discussary one
activemodelocking scheme.
b. How non-lineareffectsare usedfor enhanced modelocking? Discuss
measmement techniquesassociatedwith ultrashorllaserpulses.
Unit - V
i Explaintheappiicationoflaserin foilowirrg:
t a. Measurementof rotation
b. Medicineandsurgery
OR
a. Describetheapplicationsoflasersin oplical- fibre communications.
b. Explain the term holopaphyandholographicintenferomety.Discussap-
plicationofholographyin datastorage.

b. Explain designand analysisof any one popular optically pumpedsolid

statelaserusingproperillustrations. 0-0-0
OR
the following topics in short :
a. Q-switchingandmodelocking
-,Explain
b. Turablelaser

Unit - I
3. Describethe principle andstrucfl[e ofheterojunctionlasers.Discussim-
portantfactorsresponsiblefor lessesin heterojunctionlasers.Namesome
importanthetedunctionlasermaterialsandtheir relativemerits.
OR

\
 s-738
M.Tech.jn Optoelectronicsand Laser Technology
@irst Semester)EXAMINATION, 2008
)
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PaperFirst
MODERN OPTICS
Time : ThreeHou.t tax. Marks: 100
Note: All questions
carryequalmarks.
/
theproperties
that determine
.t. (7) Describethedifferentopticalcoeffrcients
olthe medium at the macroscopic level.

*" reflectivity of silicon at 633 nm is 35% and the absorption

'/ 'rd coefficientis j.8 x t0-t m-1.Calculatethe tansmissionand optical
densityof a samplewith a thicknessof 10 pm.
OR
Discuss in details about the Atomic oscillators & vibrational
oscillators.
/ and also
Explain the excitation and relaxation in Photoluminescence
\"/
explainPbotoluminescencespectroscopy.
OR
Defme Electroluminescenceand explair the principle and working of
light emitting diodes.Give any two applicationsof LED's.
/-+
/ Derive the expressionfor the elecfic field strength 6 , tle polarization
<_/

i andthe electric displacementi anddefrnethem.

OR
Explain Quantumtra$ition ratesin detail.

I Discussthe physical origin of optical nonlinearitiesandexplainthe

nonlinearfrequencymixing. Also explainthe non resona.ntard
resonartnonlineadties.

DiscussRayleigh, Brillouin and Ramanscatteriryincluding non-linear

/ effects.
s,/ Wrile shortnoteson
.-/ (a) Fourier transform
(b) Spatialandtemporalcoherence
OR
Wlat is Holography?DiscussHolographictecbniques& applications.