Many highly-laminated reservoirs have been missed in existing wells due to the coarse vertical resolution of older logging tools and the inadequate analysis techniques of traditional interpretation programs. To better detect and study thin-bed reservoirs, it has been necessary to develop new logging tools, postprocessing techniques, and data analysis methods. High-resolution shale indicators allow separation of the sand and shale components, but still require thin-bed resolution of true formation resistivity and porosity. The measurements produced by high-resolution shale indicators are used with those from conventional or resolution-enhanced porosity logging tools to improve the saturation analysis of the laminated reservoir. This is the basis of LARA. To determine shale volume, the high-resolution shale device data is first integrated to the vertical resolution of the porosity device. Then two medium-resolution shale volumes are calculated-one from the integrated high-resolution data and one from the porosity data. Device-specific shale parameters are automatically adjusted until the two volumes are equal. Then LARA calculates the conventional total and effective porosities. It also determines the mode of clay distribution, i.e., dispersed or laminated. The high-resolution shale volumes are then used with the known shale resistivity to generate high-resolution resistivity expressions that involve shale and non-shale volumes and resistivities. These expressions are integrated to the vertical resolution of the resistivity device. The integrated resistivity is equated to the measured resistivity, and the resulting equation solved to give the non-shale resistivity, which is essentially a shale-corrected true formation resistivity (R t ). Finally, the calculated effective porosity and true formation resistivity are used in a modified Waxman-Smits equation to calculate S w . H A L 9 1 2 3 HALLIBURTON As can be seen in the LARA interpretation above, thinly laminated hydrocarbon bearing zones above the main clean sand pay zones would have been overlooked with conventional log analysis. In this case high resolution data from the EMI Image tool was integrated into the LARA analysis. Note the gas effect Density-Neutron x-over in the clean sands and lack of x-over in the thinly laminated zone above the clean sand zone. www.halliburton.com Sales of Halliburton products and services will be in accord solely with the terms and conditions contained in the contract between Halliburton and the customer that is applicable to the sale. H05932 12/07 2007 Halliburton All Rights Reserved Printed in U.S.A. LARA Features The use of a high-resolution shale indicator in LARA generally yields significantly more accurate analysis in laminated reservoirs than standard shaly sand models. LARA Benefits LARA offers the following benefits: Resolving gross shale volume % to high-resolution laminated and dispersed clay content Helps with the reliable quantitative interpretation of thinly laminated reservoirs Helps identify potential hydrocarbon production often missed by conventional analysis HALLIBURTON Laminated Reservoir Analysis (LARA) Inputs Outputs In addition to the minimun of a GR, resistivity and porosity measurement, one or more of the following thin-bed shale indicator inputs is required for LARA: SED, Pe (unfiltered), Microresistivity (ML, MSFL), CAST, EMI, EVR-GR The best high-resolution shale indicators are six-arm dipmeter or EMI, but alternatives include all of the above. LARA program requires only a single porosity device but yields better results when more than one is used. S w , S xo , V SH , eff , Lithology Hydrocarbon weight (oil, gas), Permeability