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This document discusses community diagnosis, which involves identifying health problems and needs within a community. It defines a community as a group of people with common characteristics living together. A community consists of a core and eight subsystems. Community diagnosis aims to analyze community health status, evaluate health resources, assess attitudes, and identify priorities to improve health. It involves collecting and analyzing demographic, environmental, socioeconomic, and other health-related data to develop a community profile and understand health needs. Key health indicators used include mortality, morbidity, disability, nutrition, healthcare access, and socioeconomic and environmental factors.
This document discusses community diagnosis, which involves identifying health problems and needs within a community. It defines a community as a group of people with common characteristics living together. A community consists of a core and eight subsystems. Community diagnosis aims to analyze community health status, evaluate health resources, assess attitudes, and identify priorities to improve health. It involves collecting and analyzing demographic, environmental, socioeconomic, and other health-related data to develop a community profile and understand health needs. Key health indicators used include mortality, morbidity, disability, nutrition, healthcare access, and socioeconomic and environmental factors.
This document discusses community diagnosis, which involves identifying health problems and needs within a community. It defines a community as a group of people with common characteristics living together. A community consists of a core and eight subsystems. Community diagnosis aims to analyze community health status, evaluate health resources, assess attitudes, and identify priorities to improve health. It involves collecting and analyzing demographic, environmental, socioeconomic, and other health-related data to develop a community profile and understand health needs. Key health indicators used include mortality, morbidity, disability, nutrition, healthcare access, and socioeconomic and environmental factors.
PhD Community Medicine Suez Canal University Egypt Definition of a Community A cluster of people with at least one common characteristic (geographic location, occupation, ethnicity, housing condition) A group of people with a common characteristic or interest living together within a larger society Community A community is a whole entity that functions because of the interdependence of its parts or subsystems. Eight subsystems plus the community core are identified. Community Core 1. Community core: history, socio-demographic characteristics, vital statistics, values/beliefs/religions.core Eight Subsystems 2. Eight subsystems: Physical environment Education Safety and transportation Politics and government Health and social services Communication Economics recreation Definition of Community Diagnosis Community diagnosis generally refers to the identification and quantification of health problems in a community as a whole in terms of mortality and morbidity rates and ratios, and identification of their correlates for the purpose of defining those at risk or those in need of health care. The Community Diagnosis Process A means of examining aggregate and social statistics in addition to the knowledge of the local situation, in order to determine the health needs of the community Goal The mission of community diagnosis is to: Analyze the health status of the community Evaluate the health resources, services, and systems of care within the community Assess attitudes toward community health services and issues Identify priorities, establish goals, and determine courses of action to improve the health status of the community Establish an epidemiologic baseline for measuring improvement over time. How is the community diagnosed? Community Analysis Community analysis is the process of examining data to define needs strengths, barriers, opportunities, readiness, and resources. The product of analysis is the community profile. Community Analysis (cont.) To analyze assessment data is helpful to categorize the data. This may be done as following: Demographic Environmental Socioeconomic Health resources and services Health policies Study of target groups. Community is diagnosed using: Health Indicators
Indicators of health are variables used for the assessment of community health. Characteristics of Indicators: a. should be valid, i.e., they should actually measure what they are supposed to measure;
b. should be reliable and objective, i.e., the answers should be the same if measured by different people in similar circumstances; c. should be sensitive, i.e., they should be sensitive to changes in the situation concerned, d. should be specific, i.e., they should reflect changes only in the situation concerned, e. should be feasible, i.e., they should have the ability to obtain data needed, and; f. should be relevant, i.e., they should contribute to the understanding of the phenomenon of interest. Classification of health Indicators Mortality indicators Morbidity indicators Disability rates Nutritional status indicators Health care delivery indicators Utilization rates Indicators of social and mental health Environmental indicators Socio-economic indicators Health policy indicators Indicators of quality of life Other indicators